Compound tool for machining step hole of fork shaft of cast aluminum shell of gearbox

Abstract

The utility model provides a compound tool for machining a fork shaft stepped hole of a gearbox cast aluminum shell, which belongs to the technical field of machining tools for gearbox cast aluminum shells and comprises a tool body, a reaming cutting edge, a reaming cutting edge and a chamfering cutting edge. The tool body comprises a conical tool bit, a reaming cutting section, a reaming cutting section, a chamfering cutting section and a clamping section which are sequentially connected from front to back. The diameter of the conical tool bit is gradually increased from front to back; the broaching cutting section, the reaming cutting section and the chamfering cutting section are of cylindrical structures, and the diameters are sequentially increased from front to back; the diameter of the front end face of the reaming cutting section is equal to that of the rear end face of the conical tool bit; the chambering cutting edge is arranged between the conical tool bit and the chambering cutting section; the reaming cutting edge is arranged between the reaming cutting section and the reaming cutting section; and the chamfering cutting edge is arranged between the reaming cutting section and the chamfering cutting section. The compound tool can be formed at a time, and errors easily caused by tool changing and positioning are avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machining cutter of gearbox cast aluminium shell, specifically discloses a compound cutter for machining fork shaft step hole of gearbox cast aluminium shell. BACKGROUND

[0002] The poly crystalline diamond (PCD) cutter has the advantages of high hardness, good wear resistance and high compressive strength and is widely applied in the machining process of the gearbox cast aluminium shell. The gearbox cast aluminium shell has complex structure, irregular shape, high dimensional accuracy of hole system, many machining positions and complex machining positions, and the fork shaft step hole is one of the most critical dimensions, needs multi-step operation such as hole expanding, reaming and chamfering during machining, and needs multiple tool changing when machining by using a single-function cutter, positioning error is prone to occur during tool changing, the machining precision of the workpiece is low, and the efficiency is low. CONTENT

[0003] The utility model provides a compound cutter for machining fork shaft step hole of gearbox cast aluminium shell, improves the technical problem that multiple tool changing is needed when machining the fork shaft step hole by using a single-function cutter, positioning error is prone to occur during tool changing, the machining precision of the workpiece is low, and the efficiency is low.

[0004] The compound cutter for machining fork shaft step hole of gearbox cast aluminium shell, including cutter main part, hole expanding cutting edge, reaming cutting edge and chamfering cutting edge, the cutter main part includes taper tool bit, hole expanding cutting section, reaming cutting section, chamfering cutting section and clamping section connected in sequence from front to back, the diameter of the taper tool bit gradually increases from front to back, the hole expanding cutting section, the reaming cutting section and the chamfering cutting section are cylindrical structures, and the diameters gradually increase from front to back, the diameter of the front end face of the hole expanding cutting section is equal to the diameter of the rear end face of the taper tool bit, the hole expanding cutting edge is arranged between the taper tool bit and the hole expanding cutting section, the reaming cutting edge is arranged between the hole expanding cutting section and the reaming cutting section, and the chamfering cutting edge is arranged between the reaming cutting section and the chamfering cutting section.

[0005] In the compound cutter, the hole expanding cutting edge is embeddedly connected with the taper tool bit and the hole expanding cutting section, and the surface of the hole expanding cutting edge is flush with the surfaces of the taper tool bit and the hole expanding cutting section.

[0006] In the compound cutter, the reaming cutting edge is embeddedly connected with the hole expanding cutting section and the reaming cutting section, the surface of the reaming cutting edge is provided with a single-step structure, the single-step structure includes a first step face and a second step face which are parallel to each other and a connecting face connecting the first step face and the second step face, the first step face is flush with the surface of the hole expanding cutting section, and the second step face is higher than the surface of the reaming cutting section.

[0007] In the single-step structure of the reaming cutting edge, the included angle between the connecting face and the second step face is obtuse.

[0008] In the composite cutter, the chamfer cutting edge is embeddedly connected with the reaming cutting section and the chamfer cutting section, the surface of the chamfer cutting edge is provided with a double-step structure, the double-step structure comprises a first step surface, a second step surface, a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface, the first step surface and the second step surface are both parallel to the surface of the reaming cutting section and the chamfer cutting section, the first step surface is higher than the surface of the reaming cutting section and lower than the surface of the chamfer cutting section, the first step surface and the reaming cutting section are connected through the first connecting surface, the first step surface and the second step surface are connected through the second connecting surface, and the second connecting surface is higher than the surface of the chamfer cutting section.

[0009] In the double-step structure of the chamfer cutting edge, the included angle between the first step surface and the first connecting surface is a right angle, and the included angle between the second connecting surface and the second step surface is an obtuse angle.

[0010] In the double-step structure of the chamfer cutting edge, the right angle between the first step surface and the first connecting surface is provided with a round chamfer.

[0011] In the composite cutter, the cutter body is provided with a cooling channel in the axial direction, and the two ends of the cooling channel are located on the taper tool head and the clamping section, respectively.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects.

[0013] The utility model provides a kind of composite cutter for processing gearbox cast aluminium shell fork shaft step hole, it is integrated in one body to reaming, chamfer function, it is not necessary to change tool when processing, once forming, avoid the error that positioning is easy to produce when changing tool, it has the advantages that beat is high, reaming coaxiality is high, avoids repeated clamping and precision is high, effectively improve the processing efficiency and quality stability of gearbox cast aluminium shell, and tool rigidity is good, long life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiment of the utility model or the technical scheme in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiment or prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating labor.

[0015] Figure 1 It is the perspective view of the composite cutter for processing gearbox cast aluminium shell fork shaft step hole;

[0016] Figure 2 It is the plane view of the composite cutter for processing gearbox cast aluminium shell fork shaft step hole.

[0017] In the figure: 1 - hole expanding cutting edge; 2 - hole reaming cutting edge; 3 - chamfering cutting edge; 4 - conical tool head; 5 - hole expanding cutting section; 6 - hole reaming cutting section; 7 - chamfering cutting section; 8 - clamping section; 9 - cooling channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings below, obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] The embodiment improves the machining efficiency of the step hole of the fork shaft of the gearbox cast aluminum shell from the perspective of tool optimization, takes the step hole of the gearbox cast aluminum shell as the research object, and designs a composite tool which can efficiently and stably machine the part, comprising a tool body, a hole expanding cutting edge 1, a hole reaming cutting edge 2 and a chamfering cutting edge 3. The tool body comprises a conical tool head 4, a hole expanding cutting section 5, a hole reaming cutting section 6, a chamfering cutting section 7 and a clamping section 8 connected in sequence from front to back. The diameter of the conical tool head 4 gradually increases from front to back. The hole expanding cutting section 5, the hole reaming cutting section 6 and the chamfering cutting section 7 are cylindrical structures, and the diameters thereof increase in sequence from front to back. The diameter of the front end face of the hole expanding cutting section 5 is equal to the diameter of the rear end face of the conical tool head 4. The hole expanding cutting edge 1 is arranged between the conical tool head 4 and the hole expanding cutting section 5. The hole reaming cutting edge 2 is arranged between the hole expanding cutting section 5 and the hole reaming cutting section 6. The chamfering cutting edge 3 is arranged between the hole reaming cutting section 6 and the chamfering cutting section 7. The three cutting edges perform hole expanding, hole reaming and chamfering in sequence. The cutting edge is made of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) material.

[0020] In the embodiment, the conical angle of the conical tool head 4 is 135°.

[0021] In the above composite tool, the hole expanding cutting edge 1 is embeddedly connected with the conical tool head 4 and the hole expanding cutting section 5, and the surface of the hole expanding cutting edge 1 is flush with the surfaces of the conical tool head 4 and the hole expanding cutting section 5. In the embodiment, the two sides of the hole expanding cutting edge 1 are fan-shaped.

[0022] In the above composite tool, the hole reaming cutting edge 2 is embeddedly connected with the hole expanding cutting section 5 and the hole reaming cutting section 6, and the surface of the hole reaming cutting edge 2 is provided with a single-step structure. The single-step structure comprises a first step surface and a second step surface which are parallel to each other, and a connecting surface connecting the first step surface and the second step surface. The first step surface is flush with the surface of the hole expanding cutting section 5, and the second step surface is higher than the surface of the hole reaming cutting section 6. In the embodiment, the two sides of the hole reaming cutting edge 2 are circular arc-shaped.

[0023] In the single-step structure of the reaming cutting edge 2, the included angle between the connecting surface and the second step surface is an obtuse angle. In this embodiment, the included angle between the connecting surface and the second step surface is 105° (75° in the figure is the supplementary angle of the included angle between the connecting surface and the second step surface).

[0024] In the composite tool, the chamfering cutting edge 3 is embeddedly connected with the reaming cutting section 6 and the chamfering cutting section 7, and the surface of the chamfering cutting edge 3 is provided with a double-step structure including a first step surface, a second step surface, a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface. The first step surface and the second step surface are both parallel to the surface of the reaming cutting section 6 and the chamfering cutting section 7. The first step surface is higher than the surface of the reaming cutting section 6 and lower than the surface of the chamfering cutting section 7. The first step surface and the reaming cutting section 6 are connected through the first connecting surface. The first step surface and the second step surface are connected through the second connecting surface. The second connecting surface is higher than the surface of the chamfering cutting section 7.

[0025] In the double-step structure of the chamfering cutting edge 3, the included angle between the first step surface and the first connecting surface is a right angle, and the included angle between the second connecting surface and the second step surface is an obtuse angle. In this embodiment, the included angle between the second connecting surface and the second step surface is 135° (45° in the figure is the supplementary angle of the included angle between the second connecting surface and the second step surface).

[0026] In the double-step structure of the chamfering cutting edge 3, the right angle between the first step surface and the first connecting surface is provided with a round chamfer.

[0027] In this embodiment, the number of the reaming cutting edges 1, the reaming cutting edges 2 and the chamfering cutting edges 3 is two, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tool body.

[0028] In the composite tool, the tool body is provided with a cooling channel 9 in the axial direction. The two ends of the cooling channel 9 are respectively located on the taper tool head 4 and the clamping section 8, which are used to provide a channel for the cooling liquid to cool the composite tool.

[0029] The PCD composite tool is used to machine the fork shaft hole of the gearbox aluminum shell. The reaming, reaming and chamfering multi-step composite operation can be completed at one time, the machining size precision, shape precision and position precision of the fork shaft hole of the gearbox aluminum shell are improved, the quality of the gearbox aluminum shell is more stable, and the machining efficiency is greatly improved.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limited to them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite tool for machining stepped holes in cast aluminum housing fork shafts of gearboxes, characterized in that, This includes the tool body, the reaming cutting edge, the boring cutting edge, and the chamfering cutting edge; The tool body includes a tapered tool head, a hole-reaming section, a hole-boring section, a chamfering section, and a clamping section connected sequentially from front to back; The diameter of the conical cutter head gradually increases from front to back; The reaming cutting section, boring cutting section, and chamfering cutting section are cylindrical structures with diameters increasing sequentially from front to back; the diameter of the front end face of the reaming cutting section is equal to the diameter of the rear end face of the tapered cutter head; The reaming cutting edge is positioned between the tapered cutter head and the reaming cutting section; The reaming cutting edge is positioned between the hole enlarging cutting section and the hole reaming cutting section; The chamfering cutting edge is positioned between the reaming cutting section and the chamfering cutting section.

2. The composite tool for machining the stepped hole of the fork shaft in a gearbox cast aluminum housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaming cutting edge is fitted and connected to the tapered cutter head and the reaming cutting section, and the surface of the reaming cutting edge is flush with the surface of the tapered cutter head and the reaming cutting section.

3. The composite tool for machining the stepped hole of the fork shaft in a gearbox cast aluminum housing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reaming cutting edge is fitted and connected to the hole-reaming cutting section and the hole-reducing cutting section. The surface of the reaming cutting edge is provided with a single-step structure. The single-step structure includes a first step surface and a second step surface that are parallel to each other, as well as a connecting surface that connects the first step surface and the second step surface. The first step surface is flush with the surface of the hole-reaming cutting section, and the second step surface is higher than the surface of the hole-reaming cutting section.

4. The composite tool for machining the stepped hole of the fork shaft in a gearbox cast aluminum housing according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the single-step structure of the reaming cutting edge, the angle between the connecting surface and the second step surface is an obtuse angle.

5. The composite tool for machining the stepped hole of the fork shaft in a gearbox cast aluminum housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The chamfering cutting edge is fitted and connected to the reaming cutting section and the chamfering cutting section. The surface of the chamfering cutting edge is provided with a double-step structure, which includes a first step surface, a second step surface, a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface. The first step surface and the second step surface are both parallel to the surfaces of the reaming cutting section and the chamfering cutting section. The first step surface is higher than the surface of the reaming cutting section and lower than the surface of the chamfering cutting section. The first step surface is connected to the reaming cutting section through the first connecting surface, and the first step surface is connected to the second step surface through the second connecting surface. The second connecting surface is higher than the surface of the chamfering cutting section.

6. The composite tool for machining the stepped hole of the fork shaft in a gearbox cast aluminum housing according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the double-step structure of the chamfered cutting edge, the angle between the first step surface and the first connecting surface is a right angle, and the angle between the second connecting surface and the second step surface is an obtuse angle.

7. The composite tool for machining the stepped hole of the fork shaft in a gearbox cast aluminum housing according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the double-step structure of the chamfered cutting edge, the right angle between the first step surface and the first connecting surface is provided with a rounded chamfer.

8. The composite tool for machining the stepped hole of the fork shaft in a gearbox cast aluminum housing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tool body has a cooling channel along the axial direction, with the two ends of the cooling channel located on the tapered tool head and the clamping section, respectively.

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