Energy storage device, energy storage system, charging network and battery device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy storage device, an energy storage system, a charging network and a battery device, when thermal runaway occurs in a single battery, a pressure relief mechanism is started, so that directional pressure relief of the single battery is realized. And the pressure relief mechanism is communicated with the second cavity, and the second cavity and the first cavity are independently arranged, so that the exhausted gas enters the second cavity, and the contact probability of the exhausted gas and a part with voltage on the single battery is reduced. Meanwhile, the second cavity is communicated with the external exhaust assembly, so that the gas entering the second cavity can be exhausted out in time through the exhaust assembly, and accumulation of the gas exhausted during thermal runaway is reduced. Through the design, the probability of burning explosion of the battery device during thermal runaway is effectively reduced, and the reliability of the energy storage device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to energy storage devices, energy storage systems, charging networks, and battery devices. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of energy storage technology, the reliability requirements for energy storage devices are becoming increasingly stringent. For example, explosion-proof valves are installed on energy storage devices to allow for directional pressure relief of the battery in the event of thermal runaway. However, due to limitations in the structural design of energy storage devices, the gases generated during thermal runaway are prone to combustion and explosion, affecting the reliability of the energy storage device. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an energy storage device, energy storage system, charging network, and battery device to reduce the probability of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway and improve the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an energy storage device, comprising: a battery device, at least one battery device forming an energy storage element of the energy storage device; the battery device comprising a housing and a plurality of battery cells housed within the housing, each battery cell comprising a pressure relief mechanism and an energy input / output structure disposed on different sides; the housing comprising a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity being used to house the battery cells, and the second cavity being configured to communicate with the pressure relief mechanism; wherein, the energy storage device further comprises an exhaust assembly, the exhaust assembly being configured to communicate with each of the second cavities.

[0005] In the aforementioned energy storage device, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief mechanism is activated, enabling directional pressure relief of the battery cell. Since the pressure relief mechanism is connected to the second chamber, and the second chamber is independently configured from the first chamber, the discharged gas enters the second chamber, reducing the likelihood of contact with voltage-carrying components on the battery cell. Simultaneously, the second chamber is connected to an external exhaust assembly, allowing gas entering the second chamber to be promptly discharged, reducing the accumulation of gas during thermal runaway. This design effectively reduces the probability of combustion and explosion of the battery device during thermal runaway, improving the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0006] In some embodiments, the battery cell includes a housing, with a pressure relief mechanism and an energy input / output structure respectively located on different sides of the housing. This design, by placing the pressure relief mechanism and the energy input / output structure on different sides of the battery cell, ensures that the gas discharged by the pressure relief mechanism is located away from the energy input / output structure, thereby reducing the likelihood of the gas coming into contact with voltage-carrying components on the battery cell and effectively improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism is located on a surface of the housing opposite to the energy input / output structure. This design, placing the pressure relief mechanism on the surface of the housing opposite to the energy input / output structure, keeps the gas further away from the energy input / output structure, further reducing the probability of combustion and explosion in the event of thermal runaway.

[0008] In some embodiments, the housing includes a shell and an end cap covering the shell, with the energy input / output structure located on the end cap and the pressure relief mechanism located on the shell. This design facilitates placing the pressure relief mechanism and the energy input / output structure on different sides of the housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the exhaust assembly includes a gas collection hood and an exhaust component. The gas collection hood is disposed on the outer surface of the housing and communicates with the second chamber, while the exhaust component communicates with the gas collection hood. This design allows the gas in the second chamber to be discharged in a timely manner through the gas collection hood and the exhaust component, reducing the increase in gas concentration in the second chamber due to gas accumulation, thereby effectively reducing the probability of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway.

[0010] In some embodiments, the exhaust assembly further includes a control valve, through which the exhaust component communicates with the hood. This design, by introducing a control valve, facilitates the control of the airflow between the exhaust component and the hood, thereby simplifying exhaust control.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery device includes multiple, at least some, of the venting assemblies, which are interconnected. This design facilitates the directional discharge of gases emitted during thermal runaway; it also facilitates a rational structural distribution within the energy storage device.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least some of the battery devices are arranged sequentially in a vertical direction, and the exhaust assemblies in this direction are sequentially connected. This design allows for the directional collection and exhaust of gases generated during thermal runaway, reducing the impact of a thermally runaway battery device on surrounding battery devices.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage system, which includes the energy storage device described in any of the above claims.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides a charging network, the charging network comprising: a charging pile; an energy storage device or an energy storage system as described above, the energy storage device being used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

[0015] Fourthly, this application provides a battery device, which includes: a housing having an independent first cavity and a second cavity; a battery cell housed in the first cavity and including a pressure relief mechanism and an energy input / output structure disposed on different sides; wherein, a communication port is provided in the housing, the communication port connecting the pressure relief mechanism and the second cavity, and the second cavity communicating with an exhaust assembly located outside the housing.

[0016] In the aforementioned battery device, when a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief mechanism is activated, enabling directional pressure relief within the cell. Because the pressure relief mechanism is sealed to the connecting port, and the second chamber is independently configured from the first chamber, the discharged gas enters the second chamber through the connecting port, reducing the likelihood of contact with voltage-carrying components on the battery cell. Simultaneously, the second chamber is connected to an external exhaust assembly, allowing gas entering the second chamber to be promptly discharged, reducing the accumulation of gas during thermal runaway. This design effectively reduces the probability of combustion and explosion of the battery device during thermal runaway, improving its reliability.

[0017] In some embodiments, the enclosure includes a main body and a partition. The partition is disposed within the main body, dividing the interior of the main body into a first cavity and a second cavity located on opposite sides of the partition. A communication opening is provided on the partition. This design, by introducing the partition, facilitates the formation of an independent and closed second cavity within the main body, effectively isolating the gases emitted during thermal runaway within the second cavity and effectively reducing the probability of combustion and explosion.

[0018] In some embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism is disposed toward the communication port; or at least partially located in the communication port. This design, which places the surface of the battery cell with the pressure relief mechanism on the separator, facilitates the reduction of the use of the communication structure between the pressure relief mechanism and the communication port, thereby reducing the space occupied inside the battery device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the battery device further includes an insulating member disposed on the surface of the separator facing away from the second cavity. The insulating member has a through-hole communicating with the communication port, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief mechanism fits against the outer periphery of the through-hole. This design, by introducing the insulating member, increases the insulation performance between the battery cells and the separator while enabling directional collection of gases emitted during thermal runaway, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0020] In some embodiments, the battery device further includes a seal disposed between the insulator and the separator. This design, by introducing the seal, improves the sealing between the separator and the insulator, reduces the probability of gas leakage between them during thermal runaway, and allows the gas to be collected in a directed manner, effectively reducing the probability of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway.

[0021] In some embodiments, the separator is configured to cool the battery cells. This design, which makes the separator a cooling structure, ensures stable operation of the battery cells; at the same time, it also reduces the temperature of the battery cell surface and gas during thermal runaway, further reducing the damage caused by thermal runaway.

[0022] In some embodiments, the main body of the box includes a base and a cover disposed on the base. A separator is disposed on the base and forms a second cavity between the separator and the base, and a first cavity is formed between the separator and the cover. A battery cell is disposed on the separator. This design, with the main body consisting of a base and a cover, facilitates the separation of the separator into an independent second cavity on the base, thereby enabling directional gas collection.

[0023] In some embodiments, both the communication port and the battery cell include multiple ports, and the pressure relief mechanism of each battery cell is connected to the second cavity through a corresponding communication port. This design introduces multiple communication ports, which facilitates the connection between each battery cell and the second cavity through a corresponding communication port, and facilitates the release of gas into the second cavity from multiple battery cells in thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 Exploded views of battery devices provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure 6 Structural cross-section of the battery device provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 .

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure 8 Structural cross-section of the battery device provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle circle.

[0033] 100. Battery assembly; 10. Battery cell; 20. Housing; 21. Housing body; 211. Cover; 212. Base; 213. Divider; 214. Second chamber; 215. Connecting port; 216. First chamber; 1. Outer shell; 1a. Housing; 1a1. Opening; 1b. End cap; 2. Electrode assembly; 3. Energy input / output structure; 30. Pressure relief mechanism; 40. Exhaust assembly; 41. Gas collection hood; 42. Control valve; 43. Exhaust component; 50. Insulating component; 51. Perforation; 60. Sealing component; 200. Energy storage device; 300. Power conversion equipment; 400. Power generation equipment; 500. Charging pile; 600. Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0036] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0040] The battery unit in an energy storage device typically includes a casing and individual battery cells housed within it. To improve the reliability of the individual battery cells, they generally include explosion-proof valves, which allow for directional pressure relief within the battery unit during thermal runaway. However, the gases emitted during thermal runaway often contain flammable gases, which can easily ignite upon contact with the voltage-carrying components of the battery cells. Furthermore, the gases emitted during thermal runaway can easily accumulate within the casing, leading to a rapid increase in gas concentration and increasing the risk of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway, thus reducing the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0041] Based on this, and considering the high probability of combustion and explosion in traditional battery devices during thermal runaway, this application provides an energy storage device. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, a pressure relief mechanism is activated, enabling directional pressure relief of the battery cell. Since the pressure relief mechanism is connected to a second chamber, and the second chamber is independently configured from the first chamber, the discharged gas enters the second chamber, reducing the probability of contact with voltage-carrying components on the battery cell. Simultaneously, the second chamber is connected to an external exhaust assembly, allowing gas entering the second chamber to be promptly discharged, reducing the accumulation of gas during thermal runaway. This design effectively reduces the probability of combustion and explosion in the battery device during thermal runaway, improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0042] The battery cells disclosed in this application can be used, but are not limited to, energy storage systems, and can also be used in electrical equipment such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system for such electrical equipment can be constructed using battery cells and battery devices disclosed in this application.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is an exploded view of a battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 20 and a battery cell 10, with the battery cell 10 housed within the housing 20. The housing 20 provides a space for housing the battery cell 10, and the housing 20 can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 20 may include a cover 211 and a base 212, with the cover 211 and base 212 overlapping each other, together defining a space for housing the battery cell 10. The base 212 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the cover 211 may be a plate-like structure, with the cover 211 covering the open side of the base 212 so that the cover 211 and base 212 together define the space; alternatively, both the cover 211 and base 212 may be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the cover 211 covering the open side of the base 212. Of course, the box 20 formed by the cover 211 and the base 212 can be of various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid, etc.

[0044] In the battery device 100, there can be multiple battery cells 10, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 10 are connected in both series and parallel configurations. Multiple battery cells 10 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 10 is housed within the housing 20. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can also consist of multiple battery cells 10 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form battery modules, and then these battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole, which is also housed within the housing 20. The battery device 100 may also include other structures; for example, it may include a busbar component for electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 10.

[0045] Each battery cell 10 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited to these. The battery cell 10 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 10 provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery cell 10 refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery device 100. For example... Figure 3 The battery cell 10 includes an end cap 1b, a housing 1a, an electrode assembly 2, and other functional components.

[0047] End cap 1b refers to a component that covers the opening 1a1 of housing 1a to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 10 from the external environment. The shape of end cap 1b can be adapted to the shape of housing 1a to fit the housing 1a. Optionally, end cap 1b can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 1b is not easily deformed under pressure and impact, enabling battery cell 10 to have higher structural strength and improved safety performance. Functional components such as energy input / output structure 3 can be provided on end cap 1b. Energy input / output structure 3 can be used to electrically connect with electrode assembly 2 for outputting or inputting electrical energy from battery cell 10. In some embodiments, end cap 1b can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism 30 for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 10 reaches a threshold. The material of end cap 1b can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any special limitations on this. In some embodiments, an insulating member 50 may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 1b. The insulating member 50 can be used to isolate the electrical connection components inside the housing 1a from the end cap 1b to reduce the risk of short circuit. For example, the insulating member 50 may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0048] The housing 1a is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 1b to form the internal environment of the battery cell 10. This internal environment can accommodate the electrode assembly 2, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 1a and end cap 1b can be independent components. An opening 1a1 can be provided on the housing 1a, and the end cap 1b can be used to close the opening 1a1 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 10. Alternatively, the end cap 1b and housing 1a can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 1b and housing 1a can form a common connecting surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the housing 1a, the end cap 1b closes the housing 1a. The housing 1a can have various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, or hexagonal prism. Specifically, the shape of the housing 1a can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 2. The material of the housing 1a can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or plastic. This embodiment does not impose any special limitations on this.

[0049] Electrode assembly 2 is the component in the battery cell 10 where the electrochemical reaction occurs. The casing 1a may contain one or more electrode assemblies 2. Electrode assembly 2 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is typically provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets containing active material constitute the main body of electrode assembly 2, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active material each constitute a tab. The positive and negative tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery device 100, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs connect to the energy input / output structure 3 to form a current loop.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application. Embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device 200, including one or more battery clusters to increase the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device 200. A battery cluster may include multiple battery devices 100, which are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device 200. When the energy storage device 200 includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device 200. The energy storage device 200 can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems, etc. The energy storage device 200 can store electrical energy as needed and output electrical energy when appropriate. For example, the energy storage device 200 can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application can be any power system that requires the energy storage device 200. In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0051] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 may include a cabinet and one or more battery clusters housed in the cabinet.

[0052] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 may include modules such as a thermal management module, a main control module, a central control module, a power distribution module, and a fire protection module.

[0053] As an example, the thermal management module may include a liquid cooling unit that supplies coolant to each battery device 100 via pipelines for regulating the temperature of the individual battery cells 10.

[0054] As an example, the main control module can serve as the battery management unit for the battery cluster, used to monitor and manage the battery cluster. The main control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, or temperature of the battery cluster. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the battery cluster. The main control module includes modules such as an auxiliary battery management unit (SBMU) and a fusion switch.

[0055] As an example, the central control module can serve as the battery management unit of the energy storage device 200, used to monitor and manage the energy storage device 200. The central control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature of the energy storage device 200. For example, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the energy storage device 200. As an example, the central control module includes modules such as an insulation monitoring module (IMM), a master battery management unit (MBMU), an Ethernet (ETH) module, and a fiber optic conversion module.

[0056] As an example, a fire protection system includes control panels, detectors, alarm devices, etc., used to detect, alarm, or extinguish fires in energy storage systems.

[0057] As an example, the power distribution unit can be used to distribute power to the power modules of the energy storage device 200.

[0058] In some embodiments, the energy storage system may include one or more energy storage devices 200 and a power converter system (PCS), wherein the power converter system 300 is connected between the power generation device 400 and the energy storage device 200. The power generation device 400 generates electrical energy, which can be stored in the energy storage device 200 through the power converter system 300, and the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 200 can be released back to the power generation device 400 through the power converter system 300. As an example, the power generation device 400 may specifically be a power grid, a solar panel, a hydroelectric power generation device 400, a thermal power generation device 400, a wind power generation device 400, etc. The specific type of the power generation device 400 is not limited in this application.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network provided in some embodiments of this application. Embodiments of this application provide a charging network including a charging pile 500 and an energy storage device 200. The charging pile 500 is electrically connected to the energy storage device 200, which provides electrical energy to the charging pile 500. The charging pile 500 is electrically connected to a battery device 100 in the energy storage device 200 via a cable, and the battery device 100 can provide its stored electrical energy to the charging pile 500. The charging pile 500 has one or more connectors 600 for connecting to electrical equipment (such as a vehicle), thereby enabling the charging equipment to receive additional power.

[0060] The energy storage device 200 can be located inside the charging pile 500 (e.g., an integrated energy storage and charging unit) or outside the charging pile 500.

[0061] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 This application provides an energy storage device 200, which includes: a battery device 100, at least one battery device 100 forming an energy storage element of the energy storage device; the battery device 100 includes a housing 20 and a plurality of battery cells 10 housed within the housing 20, each battery cell 10 including a pressure relief mechanism 30 and an energy input / output structure 3 disposed on different sides; the housing 20 includes a first cavity 216 and a second cavity 214, the first cavity 216 being used to house the battery cells 10, and the second cavity 214 being configured to communicate with the pressure relief mechanism 30; wherein, the energy storage device 200 further includes an exhaust assembly 40, the exhaust assembly 40 being configured to communicate with each of the second cavities 214.

[0062] An energy storage element refers to an element composed of a battery device 100 that has an energy storage function. It can take many different structural forms, such as a single battery device 100 or a battery cluster composed of multiple battery devices 100.

[0063] The pressure relief mechanism 30 is a component that opens when the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 increases sharply, thereby releasing the internal air pressure of the battery cell 10. It can be located on the side or bottom of the battery cell 10. Furthermore, the pressure relief mechanism 30 can have various structural designs. For example, it can be an explosion-proof membrane; it can be a weak structure on the battery cell 10; or it can be a rubber seal or a spring-controlled opening and closing structure. For instance, when the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 increases, the air pressure pushes the rubber seal out of the battery cell 10; or it opens the spring, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the battery cell 10 to achieve pressure relief.

[0064] The pressure relief mechanism 30 and the energy input / output structure 3 can be located on adjacent sides of the battery cell 10, or they can be located on opposite sides of the battery cell 10.

[0065] Understandably, the second cavity 214 is an independent and enclosed space within the housing 20, and is not connected to the first cavity 216 where the battery cell 10 is located. This prevents the gas entering the second cavity 214 from contacting the voltage-carrying components of the battery cell 10, reducing the risk of ignition. The second cavity 214 can be configured in various ways. For example, it can be a hollow structure inside the inner wall of the housing 20; or, a partition structure can be installed inside the housing 20 to enclose and form the second cavity 214; or, a closed container structure can be placed inside the housing 20, with the second cavity 214 inside and the first cavity 216 outside, etc.

[0066] The exhaust assembly 40 refers to a structure with an internal exhaust channel. Its structure can have various designs, such as, but not limited to, a box-shaped structure or a tubular structure. In this embodiment, the exhaust assembly 40 can be the same as the exhaust assembly 40 in the energy storage device 200 of any of the above embodiments.

[0067] This design effectively reduces the probability of the battery device 100 exploding during thermal runaway, and improves the reliability of the energy storage device 200.

[0068] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 The battery cell 10 includes a housing 1, a pressure relief mechanism 30 and an energy input / output structure 3 respectively located on different sides of the housing 1.

[0069] The energy input / output structure 3 refers to the component used to output or input electrical energy of the battery cell 10. It has a certain voltage relative to the housing 20. When the pressure relief mechanism 30 is located on a different side from the energy input / output structure 3, the gas discharged by the pressure relief mechanism 30 is relatively far away from the energy input / output structure 3, which reduces the probability of the gas coming into contact with the voltage-carrying components on the battery cell 10.

[0070] The outer casing 1 of the battery cell 10 may or may not have an end cap 1b structure, i.e., the entire casing is a metal casing structure. In some examples, the outer casing 1 includes a housing 1a and an end cap 1b covering the housing 1a, the energy input / output structure 3 is disposed on the end cap 1b, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 is disposed on the housing 1a.

[0071] This design places the pressure relief mechanism 30 and the energy input / output structure 3 on different sides of the battery cell 10, so that the gas discharged by the pressure relief mechanism 30 is far away from the energy input / output structure 3, thereby reducing the probability of the gas coming into contact with the voltage-carrying components on the battery cell 10 and effectively improving the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0072] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 Optionally, the pressure relief mechanism 30 is located on a surface of the housing 1 that faces away from the energy input / output structure 3.

[0073] The pressure relief mechanism 30 is disposed on a surface of the housing 1 facing away from the energy input / output structure 3, indicating that the pressure relief direction of the battery cell 10 is towards the side facing away from the energy input / output structure 3, for example, venting from the bottom of the battery cell 10, thus moving the gas further away from the energy input / output structure 3. In some examples, the housing 1 includes a shell 1a and an end cap 1b covering the shell 1a, the energy input / output structure 3 is disposed on the end cap 1b, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 is disposed on the surface of the shell 1a facing away from the end cap 1b.

[0074] This design places the pressure relief mechanism 30 on the surface of the outer casing 1 facing away from the energy input / output structure 3, making the gas further away from the energy input / output structure 3, thereby further reducing the probability of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway.

[0075] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 The outer casing 1 includes a housing 1a and an end cap 1b covering the housing 1a. The energy input / output structure 3 is located on the end cap 1b, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 is located on the housing 1a.

[0076] The housing 1a and the end cap 1b can be enclosed to form a receiving space for accommodating the electrode assembly 2. Various connection methods exist between the housing 1a and the end cap 1b, such as welding, screw connection, and snap-fit. Simultaneously, the energy input / output structure 3 is located on the end cap 1b, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 is located on the housing 1a. This arrangement allows the energy input / output structure 3 and the pressure relief mechanism 30 to be distributed on different sides, reducing the probability of gas generated during thermal runaway contacting the input / output structure 3. Specifically, in some examples, the pressure relief mechanism 30 is located on the surface of the housing 1a away from the end cap 1a.

[0077] This design makes it easy to place the pressure relief mechanism 30 and the energy input / output structure 3 on different sides of the housing 1.

[0078] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5 The exhaust assembly 40 includes an air collection hood 41 and an exhaust component 43. The air collection hood 41 is located on the outer surface of the housing 20 and communicates with the second cavity 214. The exhaust component 43 communicates with the air collection hood 41.

[0079] When the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief mechanism 30 is opened, and gas enters the second chamber 214; then it enters the gas collection hood 41 from the second chamber 214; finally, it is discharged by the exhaust device 43. There are several ways to connect the gas collection hood 41 and the second chamber 214. For example, an opening can be made on the outer surface of the housing 20, allowing the opening to connect to the second chamber 214, and the gas collection hood 41 can be sealed around the opening; or, a pipe can be connected between the housing 20 and the gas collection hood 41, with one end connected to the gas collection hood 41 and the other end connected to the second chamber 214.

[0080] The exhaust component 43 refers to a structure with an internal channel, such as, but not limited to, a tubular structure. When gas accumulates inside the gas collection hood 41, it can be discharged to the outside or a gas treatment device through the exhaust component 43.

[0081] This design allows the gas in the second chamber 214 to be discharged in a timely manner through the gas collection hood 41 and the exhaust component 43, reducing the concentration increase caused by gas accumulation in the second chamber 214, thereby effectively reducing the probability of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway.

[0082] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5 The exhaust assembly 40 also includes a control valve 42, and the exhaust component 43 is connected to the gas collection hood 41 through the control valve 42.

[0083] The control valve 42 controls the flow of gas between the gas collecting hood 41 and the exhaust component 43. When the control valve 42 is closed, the exhaust component 43 is isolated from the second chamber 214, thus keeping the battery device 100 effectively sealed. When the control valve 42 is open, the gas in the second chamber 214 can flow sequentially through the gas collecting hood 41 and the exhaust component 43.

[0084] The control valve 42 can be controlled to open based on whether the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway. Specifically, when the air pressure inside the gas collection shroud 41 reaches a certain threshold, the control valve 42 is automatically opened. For example, the valve port of the control valve 42 can be sealed by a rubber plug at one end of a spring. When the air pressure reaches a certain threshold, the air pressure overcomes the spring force, pushes open the rubber plug, and opens the valve port, connecting the exhaust component 43 to the gas collection shroud 41. Alternatively, the control valve 42 can be designed with a weak point; when the air pressure reaches the threshold, the air pressure breaks through the weak point on the control valve 42. Of course, the control valve 42 can also be designed as a valve that can be opened electrically or pneumatically. For example, when the battery system detects thermal runaway in the battery cell 10, an electrical signal or air pressure can be input to the control valve 42 to open it.

[0085] This design incorporates a control valve 42, which facilitates the control of the flow of air between the exhaust component 43 and the air collection hood 41, thereby making it easier to control the exhaust.

[0086] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 7 The battery device 100 includes multiple, at least some, exhaust assemblies 40 that are interconnected.

[0087] Understandably, at least some of the exhaust components 40 are interconnected so that when different battery cells 10 experience thermal runaway, the gases they emit can be directionally discharged through a certain exhaust component 40, which facilitates the organization of the exhaust components 40 of each battery device 100 and facilitates the structural distribution in the energy storage device 200.

[0088] This design facilitates the directional discharge of gases caused by thermal runaway; at the same time, it also facilitates the rational distribution of the structure within the energy storage device 200.

[0089] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 7 At least some of the battery devices are distributed sequentially along the vertical direction, and the exhaust components 40 in the direction are connected in sequence.

[0090] The battery devices 100 are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction. When thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery devices 100, the gas generated during thermal runaway can be collected and discharged in a directional manner through the second cavity 214 and the exhaust assembly 40, thereby reducing the impact of the thermal runaway battery device 100 on the surrounding battery devices 100.

[0091] This design allows for the directional collection and discharge of gases generated during thermal runaway, reducing the impact of thermal runaway battery device 100 on surrounding battery devices 100.

[0092] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 2 to 9 This application provides an energy storage system, which includes the energy storage device 200 of any of the above.

[0093] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides a charging network, which includes: a charging pile 500; an energy storage device 200 or more of the above-mentioned energy storage systems, wherein the energy storage device 200 is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile 500.

[0094] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 This application provides a battery device 100, which includes a housing 20, a battery cell 10, and a pressure relief mechanism 30. The housing 20 includes a first cavity 216 and a second cavity 214 that are independent of each other. The battery cell 10 is housed in the housing 20 and includes a pressure relief mechanism 30 and an energy input / output structure 3 disposed on different sides. A connecting port 215 is provided inside the housing 20, connecting the pressure relief mechanism 30 and the second cavity 214. The second cavity 214 is connected to an exhaust assembly 40 located outside the housing 20.

[0095] The pressure relief mechanism 30 is a component that opens when the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 increases sharply, thereby releasing the internal air pressure of the battery cell 10. It can be located on the side or bottom of the battery cell 10. Furthermore, the pressure relief mechanism 30 can have various structural designs. For example, it can be an explosion-proof membrane; it can be a weak structure on the battery cell 10; or it can be a rubber seal or a spring-controlled opening and closing structure. For instance, when the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 increases, the air pressure pushes the rubber seal out of the battery cell 10; or it opens the spring, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the battery cell 10 to achieve pressure relief.

[0096] The second chamber 214 is independently configured from the first chamber 216. This means that the second chamber 214 is an independent and enclosed space within the housing 20, and it is not connected to the first chamber 216 where the battery cell 10 is located. This prevents the gas entering the second chamber 214 from contacting the voltage-carrying components of the battery cell 10, reducing the risk of ignition. The second chamber 214 can be configured in various ways. For example, it can be a hollow structure inside the inner wall of the housing 20; or, a partition structure can be installed inside the housing 20 to enclose and form the second chamber 214; or, a closed container structure can be placed inside the housing 20, with the second chamber 214 inside and the first chamber 216 outside, etc.

[0097] The pressure relief mechanism 30 and the connecting port 215 are sealed together. Therefore, when the pressure relief mechanism 30 is opened, the gas inside the battery cell 10 can directly enter the second chamber 214 through the connecting port 215. There are several ways to achieve this sealed connection between the connecting port 215 and the pressure relief mechanism 30. For example, the outer periphery of the pressure relief mechanism 30 may be tightly fitted to the outer periphery of the connecting port 215; or a sealing structure may be provided between the pressure relief mechanism 30 and the connecting port 215, while ensuring communication between them; or a pipe or intermediate structure may be used to maintain communication between the location of the pressure relief mechanism 30 and the connecting port 215.

[0098] The second cavity 214 can be located at the bottom of the battery cell 10 or on the side of the battery cell 10, as can be seen from [reference needed]. Figure 8 Of course, it can also be located on top of the battery cell 10. At the same time, the number of connecting ports 215 can be determined according to the number of battery cells 10. For example, there can be multiple connecting ports 215 and multiple battery cells 10, and they can be set one-to-one.

[0099] The energy input / output structure 3 refers to the component used to output or input electrical energy of the battery cell 10. It has a certain voltage relative to the housing 20. When the pressure relief mechanism 30 is located on a different side from the energy input / output structure 3, the gas discharged by the pressure relief mechanism 30 is relatively far away from the energy input / output structure 3, which reduces the probability of the gas coming into contact with the voltage-carrying components on the battery cell 10.

[0100] The pressure relief mechanism 30 and the energy input / output structure 3 can be located on adjacent sides of the battery cell 10, or they can be located on opposite sides of the battery cell 10.

[0101] It should also be noted that the exhaust assembly 40 is located outside the housing 20 and communicates with the second chamber 214. This allows gas entering the second chamber 214 to be discharged outwards via the exhaust assembly 40, reducing the gas concentration within the second chamber 214 and decreasing the possibility of combustion or explosion. Simultaneously, it also reduces the impact of thermal runaway battery device 100 on surrounding battery devices 100. The exhaust assembly 40 can be designed as a box-shaped structure or a tubular structure, etc.

[0102] Furthermore, the battery device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to the energy storage device 200 of any of the above embodiments.

[0103] This design effectively reduces the probability of the battery device 100 exploding during thermal runaway, thus improving the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0104] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 The box body 20 includes a box body 21 and a partition 213. The partition 213 is located inside the box body 21 and divides the interior of the box body 21 into a first cavity 216 and a second cavity 214 located on both sides of the partition 213. A communication port 215 is located on the partition 213.

[0105] It is known that the first cavity 216 and the second cavity 214 where the battery cell 10 is located are separated by the separator 213, so that the gas entering the second cavity 214 during thermal runaway will not flow into the space where the battery cell 10 is located, reducing the possibility that the discharged gas will directly contact the voltage-carrying components of the battery cell 10.

[0106] The separator 213 can be located either on top of the battery cell 10 or on the circumferential side of the battery cell 10 within the main body 21 of the housing; see reference for details. Figure 8 It can also be located at the bottom of the battery cell 10. When the separator 213 is located at the bottom of the battery cell 10, the battery cell 10 can be fixed on the separator 213, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 can be sealed and connected to the communication port 215. The separator 213 can be connected to the main body 21 of the box in various ways, such as, but not limited to, bolt connection, snap-fit, welding, adhesive, etc.; the separator 213 and the main body 21 of the box can also be designed as an integrated structure.

[0107] This design, with the introduction of a separator 213, facilitates the formation of an independent and closed second cavity 214 within the main body 21 of the box, effectively isolating the gas emitted during thermal runaway within the second cavity 214 and effectively reducing the probability of combustion and explosion.

[0108] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 The pressure relief mechanism 30 is positioned toward the connection port 215; or at least partially located in the connection port 215.

[0109] The surface of the battery cell 10 with the pressure relief mechanism 30 can be disposed on the surface of the separator 213, facilitating direct communication between the pressure relief mechanism 30 and the connection port 215 and reducing the need for a connection structure between the two. The battery cell 10 can be directly attached to the surface of the separator 213, or indirectly attached to the surface of the separator 213. For example, an intermediate structure can be attached between the battery cell 10 and the separator 213, through which a sealed connection between the pressure relief mechanism 30 and the connection port 215 is achieved.

[0110] When the battery cell 10 is placed on the surface of the separator 213, a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 30 extends into the communication port 215; it may also be placed not in the communication port 215, but opposite to the communication port 215, so that the gas ejected during thermal runaway can enter the second chamber 214 through the communication port 215.

[0111] With this design, the surface of the battery cell 10 with the pressure relief mechanism 30 is placed on the separator 213, which makes it easier to reduce the use of the communication structure between the pressure relief mechanism 30 and the communication port 215, thereby reducing the space occupied inside the battery device 100.

[0112] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 9 The battery device 100 also includes an insulating member 50, which is disposed on the surface of the separator 213 facing away from the second cavity 214. The insulating member 50 has a through hole 51 communicating with the communication port 215, and the outer periphery of the pressure relief mechanism 30 is in contact with the outer periphery of the through hole 51.

[0113] When a battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the insulation on its outer surface, such as the blue film, will be damaged to varying degrees due to the high temperature, leading to a decrease in the insulation between the battery cell 10 and the separator 213. Therefore, in this embodiment, an insulating element 50 is provided between the separator 213 and the battery cell 10 to enhance the insulation performance between them. When selecting the material for the insulating element 50, insulating materials with a certain high-temperature capability can be selected, such as, but not limited to, mica and ceramics.

[0114] Since an insulating member 50 is provided between the separator 213 and the battery cell 10, a through hole 51 needs to be provided on the insulating member 50 so that the connecting port 215 can communicate with the pressure relief mechanism 30. At the same time, the outer periphery of the through hole 51 is fitted with the outer periphery of the pressure relief mechanism 30, so that the insulating member 50 and the battery cell 10 are tightly fitted, reducing the gap between the insulating member 50 and the battery cell 10 at the through hole 51. In some examples, the battery cell 10 includes a housing 1 and an energy input / output structure 3 provided on the housing 1. The pressure relief mechanism 30 is provided on the surface of the housing 1 facing away from the energy input / output structure 3. The surface of the housing 1 with the pressure relief mechanism 30 is fitted with the insulating member 50, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 communicates with the connecting port 215 through the through hole 51.

[0115] This design, with the introduction of the insulating component 50, increases the insulation performance between the battery cell 10 and the separator 213 while enabling directional collection of the gas emitted during thermal runaway, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0116] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 9 The battery device 100 also includes a seal 60, which is disposed between the insulating member 50 and the separator 213.

[0117] The seal 60 is disposed between the insulator 50 and the separator 213, which reduces the gap between the insulator 50 and the separator 213 and reduces the probability of gas leakage between the insulator 50 and the separator 213. There are several ways to arrange the seal 60 between the insulator 50 and the separator 213, such as: the seal 60 is disposed between the two facing surfaces of the insulator 50 and the separator 213; or, the seal 60 is disposed on the circumferential edge of the insulator 50 and connected to the separator 213.

[0118] The material of the seal 60 can be selected from various options, such as, but not limited to, sealing rubber strips, sealing adhesives, etc.

[0119] This design introduces a sealing element 60 to improve the sealing performance between the separator 213 and the insulating element 50, reducing the probability of gas leakage between them during thermal runaway. This allows the gas to be collected in a directional manner, effectively reducing the probability of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway.

[0120] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, the separator 213 is configured to cool the battery cell 10.

[0121] It can be seen that when the battery cell 10 is working, the separator 213 can cool the battery cell 10, so that its operation is stable. At the same time, when the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the separator 213 can not only collect the gas emitted during thermal runaway in a directional manner, but also cool the surface of the battery cell 10 and the gas, thereby reducing the damage caused by thermal runaway.

[0122] The separator 213 can be designed as a water-cooled plate structure, such as setting cooling channels in the plate structure; or it can be set as a structure with semiconductor cooling chips on the surface, etc.

[0123] This design, which sets the separator 213 as a structure with cooling function, enables the battery cell 10 to work stably; at the same time, it can also reduce the temperature of the surface of the battery cell 10 and the gas during thermal runaway, further reducing the damage caused by thermal runaway.

[0124] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 The main body 21 includes a base 212 and a cover 211 covering the base 212. A partition 213 is disposed on the base 212 and forms a second cavity 214 with the base 212. A first cavity 216 is formed between the partition 213 and the cover 211. A battery cell 10 is disposed on the partition 213.

[0125] Therefore, the battery cell 10 is housed between the cover 211 and the separator 213, and supported on the separator 213. When the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure relief mechanism 30 is opened, and gas is ejected towards one side of the separator 213 and collected in the second cavity 214. The separator 213 can be fixed to the base 212 in various ways, such as, but not limited to, bolt connection, snap-fit, adhesive bonding, welding, riveting, etc.; or, the separator 213 and the base 212 can be an integrated structure.

[0126] With this design, the main body 21 of the box is designed as a base 212 and a cover 211, which makes it easy for the separator 213 to form an independent second cavity 214 on the base 212, thereby facilitating the directional collection of gas.

[0127] Optionally, according to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 Both the connecting port 215 and the battery cell 10 include multiple components, and the pressure relief mechanism 30 of each battery cell 10 is connected to the second cavity 214 through the corresponding connecting port 215.

[0128] When there are multiple connecting ports 215, their distribution can be determined according to the distribution of the battery cells 10, so that the gas inside each battery cell 10 can enter the second cavity 214 through the connecting ports 215. The number of connecting ports 215 can be set one-to-one with the number of battery cells 10.

[0129] Meanwhile, in the same battery device 100, each battery cell 10 can share a second cavity 214; or a portion of the battery cells 10 can share a second cavity 214, while another portion of the battery cells 10 can share a different second cavity 214.

[0130] This design introduces multiple connection ports 215, which facilitates the connection between each battery cell 10 and the second cavity 214 through the corresponding connection port 215, and facilitates the discharge of gas from multiple battery cells 10 in thermal runaway into the second cavity 214.

[0131] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 2 to 9 This application provides a battery device 100, which includes a base 212, a cover 211, a separator 213, a battery cell 10, a venting assembly 40, and a pressure relief mechanism 30. The cover 211 covers the base 212. The separator 213 is disposed on the base 212, forming a second cavity 214 between the separator 213 and the base 212. The separator 213 has a communication port 215 communicating with the second cavity 214. The battery cell 10 is disposed on the separator 213. The pressure relief mechanism 30 is disposed at the bottom of the battery cell 10 and is sealed to the communication port 215. The separator 213 is a water-cooled plate. The venting assembly 40 is located outside the base 212 and communicates with the second cavity 214. By placing the pressure relief mechanism 30 at the bottom of the battery cell 10, the gas discharged during thermal runaway is separated from the high-voltage components of the battery cell 10. Simultaneously, the discharged gas enters the second cavity 214 and is discharged outward by the venting assembly 40. This design reduces the probability of combustion and explosion during thermal runaway; it also reduces the impact on surrounding battery devices 100.

[0132] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0133] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes: A battery device, at least one of the battery devices forming an energy storage element of the energy storage device; The battery device includes a housing (20) and a plurality of battery cells (10) housed within the housing (20). Each battery cell (10) includes a pressure relief mechanism (30) and an energy input / output structure (3) disposed on different sides. The housing (20) includes a first cavity (216) and a second cavity (214), the first cavity (216) being used to accommodate the battery cell (10), and the second cavity (214) being configured to communicate with the pressure relief mechanism (30); The energy storage device further includes an exhaust assembly (40), which is connected to each of the second chambers (214).

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell (10) includes a housing (1), and the pressure relief mechanism (30) and the energy input / output structure (3) are respectively located on different sides of the housing (1).

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure relief mechanism (30) is located on a surface of the outer casing (1) facing away from the energy input / output structure (3).

4. The energy storage device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The outer casing (1) includes a housing (1a) and an end cap (1b) covering the housing (1a), the energy input / output structure (3) is located on the end cap (1b), and the pressure relief mechanism (30) is located on the housing (1a).

5. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The exhaust assembly (40) includes an air collection hood (41) and an exhaust component (43). The air collection hood (41) is located on the outer surface of the housing (20) and communicates with the second cavity (214). The exhaust component (43) communicates with the air collection hood (41).

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The exhaust assembly (40) further includes a control valve (42), and the exhaust component (43) is connected to the gas collection hood (41) through the control valve (42).

7. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The battery device includes multiple units, and at least some of the exhaust assemblies (40) are interconnected.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least some of the battery devices are distributed sequentially along the vertical direction, and each of the exhaust assemblies (40) in the direction is connected in sequence.

9. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A charging network, characterized in that, The charging network includes: Charging piles (500); The energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-8 or the energy storage system as described in claim 9, wherein the energy storage device is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile (500).

11. A battery device, characterized in that, The battery device includes: The housing (20) includes a first cavity (216) and a second cavity (214) that are independent of each other; A battery cell (10) is housed in the first cavity (216) and includes a pressure relief mechanism (30) and an energy input / output structure (3) disposed on different sides. The housing (20) has a communication port (215) that connects the pressure relief mechanism (30) and the second chamber (214). The second chamber (214) is connected to the exhaust assembly (40) located outside the housing (20).

12. The battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The box (20) includes a box body (21) and a partition (213). The partition (213) is located inside the box body (21) and divides the interior of the box body (21) into a first cavity (216) and a second cavity (214) located on both sides of the partition (213). The communication port (215) is located on the partition (213).

13. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The pressure relief mechanism (30) is disposed toward the communication port (215); or at least partially located in the communication port (215).

14. The battery device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The battery device further includes an insulating member (50), which is disposed on the surface of the separator (213) facing away from the second cavity (214). The insulating member (50) has a through hole (51) communicating with the communication port (215), and the outer periphery of the pressure relief mechanism (30) is in contact with the outer periphery of the through hole (51).

15. The battery device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The battery device further includes a seal (60) disposed between the insulating member (50) and the separator (213).

16. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The separator (213) is configured to cool the battery cell (10).

17. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The main body (21) of the box includes a base (212) and a cover (211) covering the base (212). The partition (213) is disposed on the base (212) and forms a second cavity (214) between the partition (213) and the cover (211). The first cavity (216) is formed between the partition (213) and the cover (211). The battery cell (10) is disposed on the partition (213).

18. The battery device according to any one of claims 11-17, characterized in that, Both the communication port (215) and the battery cell (10) include multiple components, and the pressure relief mechanism (30) of each battery cell (10) is connected to the second cavity (214) through the corresponding communication port (215).

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