Incinerator for multi-point emission of high-concentration asphalt smoke

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-concentration asphalt smoke multi-point emission incinerator which comprises an incinerator chamber (1) and is characterized in that the incinerator chamber (1) is connected with flues, each flue is provided with a smoke exhaust valve (11), more than one large combustor (4) is arranged in the incinerator chamber (1), a small combustor (3) is arranged at an outlet of each flue, and more than one temperature sensor (2) is arranged in the incinerator chamber (1). Fuel is connected with a fuel electric adjusting valve (7) through a fuel pipeline and then conveyed to the small combustor (3) and the large combustor (4). The incineration system starts to incinerate smoke at the source position where asphalt smoke is generated, the power of combustors is adjusted according to the conditions of the smoke generated by different devices, the combustors and oxygen supplementation channels are arranged at the head, the middle and the tail of an incineration furnace chamber in a partitioned mode, the power of the combustors is adjustable, and the combustors are used for accurately controlling the temperatures of different positions in the combustors according to needs. Oxygen required by asphalt smoke incineration is supplemented; and the temperature of the furnace chamber is adjusted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a high-concentration pitch smoke multi-point emission incinerator, which is used for efficient incineration of high-concentration pitch smoke gas generated by a lithium battery negative electrode material coating process reaction kettle and a carbon product truck bottom type baking furnace, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification. BACKGROUND

[0002] One of the important raw materials for lithium battery manufacturing is negative electrode material. The negative electrode material coating process reaction kettle is used to heat the mixture of petroleum coke powder and pitch powder. In the mixing and heating production process, the pitch penetrates into the pores of the petroleum coke powder and forms a pitch film on the surface. The filling rate of pitch in the pores of petroleum coke directly affects the quality of the negative electrode material. Therefore, the coating and granulation process is a crucial process in the production process of negative electrode material. Since the heating temperature of the reaction kettle exceeds 600 DEG C, and the proportion of pitch in the mixture is high, a large amount of volatile matter and carbon dust mainly in the form of pitch smoke is generated during production. After the flue gas is discharged from the reaction kettle, the pitch smoke condenses into liquid tar mixed with carbon dust and coagulates on the exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is quickly blocked. To solve the problem of exhaust pipe blockage, the coating and granulation workshop needs to clean the exhaust pipe near the equipment outlet every day. Since benzene[a]pyrene in pitch smoke is a strong carcinogen, long-term exposure not only seriously damages the physical and mental health of frontline production workers, but also affects the production capacity of coating and granulation. With the strong demand for new energy, the production capacity of lithium battery negative electrode has expanded rapidly, and the production capacity of enterprises has been continuously expanded. At present, the coating and granulation process generally configures dozens of reaction kettles or even hundreds of reaction kettles. The flue gas treatment system generally collects the flue gas generated by dozens of reaction kettles through pipelines, pretreats the carbon dust in the flue gas, and then connects to the incineration system for centralized treatment of flue gas. Since the exhaust temperature of the reaction kettle is high, the flue gas not only blocks the pipeline during transportation along the pipeline, but also cools the flue gas. Not only is the heat lost, but the problem of pipeline blockage cannot be solved. Therefore, the flue gas treatment of the current negative electrode coating and granulation process has become a "pain point problem" affecting the process, which needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] The car bottom type baking furnace technology is used for baking production (primary baking and rebaking) of carbon products, and its typical features are that the temperature in the furnace and the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the furnace can be precisely controlled to meet the production of medium and high-end carbon products with variable specifications and high quality, covering the baking production of carbon electrode products and special graphite products (such as graphite electrodes, graphite cathodes, furnace tip electrodes, graphite inner liners, graphite heat exchangers, etc.). Compared with the traditional ring type baking furnace and the tunnel kiln, the car bottom type baking furnace has higher production efficiency, shorter baking cycle and better product quality in addition to precise temperature control. Since the production process of the car bottom type baking furnace is baking in an oxygen-free environment, the volatile components mainly in the form of pitch smoke separated from the carbon products cannot be burned in the furnace, and the high-concentration and high-temperature pitch smoke can only be discharged and then transported to the back-end incineration system through the flue for centralized incineration and treatment. At present, the car bottom furnace baking workshop for medium and high-end carbon products generally configures 6-15 car bottom furnaces to operate, and the flue gas treatment system generally collects the flue gas generated by the car bottom type baking furnace through a flue of dozens of meters and then connects the flue gas to the incineration system for centralized treatment. Since the exhaust gas temperature of the car bottom type baking furnace is relatively high, the flue gas is cooled seriously during the pipeline transportation process, and the air leakage is also serious, resulting in serious heat loss and thus high energy consumption of the incineration system. Since the energy consumption per ton of product of the car bottom type baking furnace is more than twice that of the ring type baking furnace, high energy consumption seriously restricts its application in the industry. Therefore, the current reduction of energy consumption of the car bottom type baking furnace is also a technical problem. The present application improves the incineration efficiency and reduces the overall energy consumption of the incineration system through technical improvement. SUMMARY

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the problems of pipe blockage and high energy consumption of the flue gas incineration system for multiple high-concentration pitch smoke process equipment operating simultaneously and multiple pitch smoke discharging points.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is a high-concentration pitch smoke multi-point discharging incinerator, which comprises an incinerator chamber, the incinerator chamber is connected with flues, each flue is provided with an exhaust valve, one or more large burners are arranged in the incinerator chamber, small burners are arranged at the outlets of each flue, one or more temperature sensors are arranged in the incinerator chamber, the outlet of the incinerator chamber is connected with a primary heat exchanger, the outlet of the primary heat exchanger is connected with a secondary heat exchanger, the hot air heated by the secondary heat exchanger is transported to the oxygen supplement channel of the incinerator chamber through a hot air pipeline connected with a hot air electric valve, a combustion-supporting air booster fan and a hot air electric regulating valve; fuel is transported to the small burners and the large burners through a fuel pipeline connected with a fuel electric regulating valve.

[0006] Oxygen supplement channels are arranged at the head, middle and tail of the incinerator chamber.

[0007] The hot air heated by the secondary heat exchanger is transported to the small burners and the large burners through a hot air pipeline connected with a hot air electric regulating valve.

[0008] Combustion air booster fan is also connected with cold air pipeline and cold air electric valve.

[0009] Large burners are arranged at the head, middle and tail of the incinerator chamber.

[0010] The incinerator chamber (also serving as the exhaust gas pipeline) is provided with good heat preservation to ensure low heat loss. A small burner is arranged at the position of the exhaust valve of each asphalt fume generating device. The combustion power of the burner is adjusted according to the asphalt fume concentration and the amount of flue gas generated at different stages during the production temperature rising process of the process equipment to meet the needs of flue gas incineration. Large burners with adjustable power and oxygen supplement channels are arranged at multiple positions of the head, middle and tail of the incinerator chamber. When more asphalt fume is generated in a certain area of the combustion chamber, the incineration temperature of the area needs to be ensured to achieve the purpose of complete cracking and incineration of pollutants (asphalt fume). If the concentration of asphalt fume generated in the area is high, the heat generated by the incineration of asphalt fume can basically meet the temperature in the chamber. However, due to the low oxygen content in the incinerator, only the oxygen supplement channel valve near the area needs to be opened to burn the asphalt fume near the area by supplementing oxygen to achieve the purpose of cracking and incineration of asphalt fume. If the incineration temperature still cannot be reached, the large burner near the area is opened to increase the temperature of the area to achieve the purpose of complete incineration of pollutants.

[0011] A typical feature of the process production of both the negative electrode material coating and granulation reaction kettle and the car bottom type calcination furnace is temperature rising according to a certain production sequence, which causes the concentration and amount of asphalt fume generated by each device to be different. The concentration of asphalt fume in the flue gas is low at the early and late stages of the production of both devices, and the concentration of asphalt fume is high during the production in the middle temperature zone. The present application controls high temperature incineration only in the area where the concentration of asphalt fume is high according to the process production characteristics, and heats the low temperature flue gas with the high temperature flue gas to control the temperature in the incinerator chamber in a partitioned and segmented manner to achieve the goal of solving the problems of asphalt fume blocking the pipeline and high energy consumption. The selection of the high temperature area in the incinerator chamber is determined according to the state of asphalt fume generated corresponding to the production temperature of the process equipment. The target value of the incineration temperature is determined according to the temperature sensors installed in different areas of the incinerator chamber. The control of the temperature in the incinerator chamber is realized through the small burners installed at the exhaust port of the device, the large burners in different areas of the chamber and the supplement of combustion air in different areas.

[0012] To save energy consumption, the combustion air required by the present incineration system is hot air generated by waste heat recovery of the incineration system. The high temperature flue gas generated by the incineration system first heats the heat conducting oil used in process production or generates steam in a steam boiler in the first heat exchanger. The medium and low temperature flue gas after heat recovery heats the combustion air in the second heat exchanger. After multiple stages of heat recovery, the energy consumption of the incineration system is greatly reduced. At the same time, the heat conducting oil or steam is prepared for process production, which saves production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 Structure diagram of a high-concentration asphalt smoke multi-point emission incinerator according to the present application;

[0014] The labels in the drawings are as follows: 1-incinerator chamber, 2-temperature sensor, 3-small burner, 4-large burner, 5-oxygen supplement channel, 6-hot air electric regulating valve, 7-fuel electric regulating valve, 8-hot air electric valve, 9-cold air electric valve, 10-combustion air booster fan, 11-exhaust gas valve, 12-first-stage heat exchanger, 13-second-stage heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0016] A high-concentration asphalt smoke multi-point emission incinerator, comprising an incinerator chamber 1, flues of the incinerator chamber 1 being connected to asphalt smoke generating equipment, an exhaust gas valve 11 being arranged on each flue, one or more large burners 4 being arranged in the incinerator chamber 1, a small burner 3 being arranged at the outlet of each flue, and one or more temperature sensors 2 being arranged in the incinerator chamber 1. Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the asphalt smoke generating equipment is arranged in parallel on the upper and lower sides of the incinerator chamber 1 (equipment numbers 1#, 2#,...#, a#, b#,......#). The outlet of the incinerator chamber 1 is connected to a first-stage heat exchanger 12, the outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger 12 is connected to a second-stage heat exchanger 13, and the hot air heated by the second-stage heat exchanger 13 is delivered to the oxygen supplement channel 5 of the incinerator chamber 1 through a hot air pipeline connected to a hot air electric valve 8, a combustion air booster fan 10 and a hot air electric regulating valve 6. Fuel is delivered to the small burners 3 and the large burners 4 through a fuel pipeline connected to a fuel electric regulating valve 7.

[0017] Oxygen supplement channels 5 are arranged at the head, middle and tail of the incinerator chamber 1, and combustion air is supplemented according to the position of the asphalt smoke to meet the oxygen required for asphalt smoke combustion and to adjust the temperature in the chamber.

[0018] The hot air heated by the second-stage heat exchanger 13 is delivered to the small burners 3 and the large burners 4 through a hot air pipeline connected to a hot air electric regulating valve 6.

[0019] The combustion air booster fan 10 is also connected to a cold air pipeline and a cold air electric valve 9.

[0020] Large burners 4 are arranged at the head, middle and tail of the incinerator chamber 1, and the combustion power of the large burners 4 can be adjusted to adjust the incineration temperature in the incinerator chamber.

[0021] The production process of the asphalt fume generating device starts from the 1# and a# devices in sequence. In the early stage of heating, the temperature of the asphalt fume generating device has not reached the asphalt fume precipitation temperature, and no harmful smoke is generated. In this state, only the corresponding exhaust port small burner 3 of the 1# and a# devices needs to be started. A small flame permanent fire is arranged on the small burner 3, and the large flame power of the small burner 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the fuel electric regulating valve 7 and the opening degree of the hot air electric regulating valve 6. In the early stage of production, since no harmful smoke is generated, only the small flame permanent fire arranged on the corresponding exhaust port small burner 3 needs to be turned on. When the process equipment production is about to reach the lower limit of the asphalt fume temperature, the large flame of the exhaust port small burner 3 is turned on, that is, the fuel electric regulating valve 7 and the hot air electric regulating valve 6 are opened, and the opening degree is increased from small to large to increase the combustion power. The temperature of the incineration furnace chamber 1 near the exhaust port begins to rise, and the temperature is monitored through the temperature sensor 2 on the incineration furnace chamber 1 near the position. When the temperature of the area reaches about 800℃, the combustion power of the small burner 3 is maintained. If the temperature of the area cannot reach the preset temperature value (assuming 800℃), the large burner 4 in the area near the incineration furnace chamber 1 is started. Similarly, the combustion power is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the fuel electric regulating valve 7 and the hot air electric regulating valve 6 on the large burner 4, until the display of the temperature sensor 2 in the area reaches the preset temperature, and the combustion power of the large burner 4 is maintained.

[0022] When the 1# and a# devices reach the asphalt fume precipitation temperature, the asphalt fume is generated. The concentration and smoke quantity of the asphalt fume increase from small to large. Since the asphalt is combustible volatile matter, the smoke combustion generates a large amount of heat, and the temperature of the corresponding area of the incineration furnace chamber 1 rises. When the temperature is higher than the set upper limit value (assuming 850℃), the combustion power of the large burner 4 is reduced, and the temperature of the area is maintained in the preset temperature interval (assuming 800~850℃). When the asphalt fume generated by the 1# and a# devices reaches a certain amount, the heat generated by the asphalt fume incineration can maintain the temperature of the corresponding area of the incineration furnace chamber 1, and the large burner 4 is turned off. The combustion power of the small burner 3 is adjusted to maintain the temperature of the area in the preset temperature interval (assuming 800~850℃). Since sufficient oxygen is needed for the combustion of asphalt fume, the oxygen needs to be supplemented. The hot air electric regulating valve 6 installed on the oxygen supplement channel 5 of the corresponding area of the incineration furnace chamber 1 is used to achieve this. The opening degree of the hot air electric regulating valve 6 is adjusted to satisfy the sufficient combustion of the asphalt fume. If the temperature exceeds the set upper limit value (assuming 850℃) after a large amount of asphalt fume is burned, the opening degree of the hot air electric regulating valve 6 installed on the oxygen supplement channel 5 can also be increased to cool the area (hot air temperature ~200℃).

[0023] When the temperature of the 1# and a# devices reaches a certain temperature, the production of asphalt fume gradually decreases, and the temperature in the region cannot be maintained in the preset temperature range (assuming 800-850 DEG C). At this time, the temperature is maintained stable by sequentially increasing the combustion power of the small burner 3 and the combustion power of the large burner 4. When the temperature of the 1# and a# devices exceeds the carbonization temperature of the asphalt, the asphalt fume is no longer produced. At this time, although the 1# and a# devices still produce flue gas, the flue gas basically does not contain harmful substances. When the state is reached, the large burner 4 is closed and the combustion power of the small burner 3 is reduced.

[0024] When the 1# and a# process devices no longer produce asphalt fume, the 2# and b# process devices reach the temperature range for producing asphalt fume according to the production order. At this time, the temperature control of the region is started according to the above order with the 2# and b# process devices corresponding to the incinerator chamber 1 region temperature as the target value. The biggest feature of the present application is that, according to the different states of the different process devices producing asphalt fume, the combustion power of the large burner 4 and the small burner 3 of the incinerator chamber is adjusted, and the opening of the hot air electric regulating valve 6 installed on the oxygen supplement channel 5 of the region is adjusted to realize accurate temperature control of the region, so that the energy saving target is met while the flue gas incineration is met.

[0025] A temperature sensor 2 is arranged on the high-temperature flue gas pipeline at the outlet of the incinerator chamber 1, which is used to monitor the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the incinerator. The high-temperature flue gas first enters the primary heat exchanger 12 to recover high-grade heat energy, which can be used to heat the heat-conducting oil for process production, or can be used to prepare medium-pressure steam for drying raw materials, thereby reducing the cost of process production and creating value for enterprises. The flue gas temperature at the outlet of the primary heat exchanger 12 is about 250-300 DEG C. The flue gas heat is recovered through the secondary heat exchanger 13, which is used to heat the combustion air required for the combustion of the fuel of the incineration system and the combustion of asphalt fume. The cold air is heated to about 200 DEG C through the secondary heat exchanger 13, the hot air electric valve 8 is opened, and the cold air electric valve 9 is closed. The hot air is pressurized by the combustion air booster fan 10 and then piped to the incineration system for use. The incineration system of the present application uses hot air as combustion air, and the heat recovery flue gas recovers heat energy, which can greatly reduce the fuel consumption of the incineration system. When the hot air cannot be supplied, the cold air electric valve 9 is opened and the hot air electric valve 8 is closed. The cold air is pressurized by the combustion air booster fan 10 and then supplied to the incineration system for use, thereby increasing the safety and stability of the operation of the incineration system.

[0026] The present application also has an embodiment for processing other similar devices, such as a production mode in which multiple same-type devices producing combustible organic waste gas work in parallel. The present application can also be used for processing in the same way. Any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the scope of protection required by the present application. The fuel for combustion includes conventional fuels such as natural gas, coal gas, and heavy oil.

Claims

1. A high concentration bitumen fume multi-point emission incinerator comprising an incinerator chamber (1), characterized in that: The incinerator chamber (1) is connected with flues, each of which is provided with an exhaust valve (11), and one or more large burners (4) are arranged in the incinerator chamber (1), and a small burner (3) is arranged at the outlet of each flue, and one or more temperature sensors (2) are arranged in the incinerator chamber (1), the outlet of the incinerator chamber (1) is connected with a primary heat exchanger (12), the outlet of the primary heat exchanger (12) is connected with a secondary heat exchanger (13), the hot air heated by the secondary heat exchanger (13) is delivered to the oxygen supplement channel (5) of the incinerator chamber (1) through a hot air pipeline connected with a hot air electric valve (8), a combustion air booster fan (10) and a hot air electric regulating valve (6), and fuel is delivered to the small burners (3) and the large burners (4) through a fuel pipeline connected with a fuel electric regulating valve (7).

2. The incinerator of claim 1, wherein the incinerator is characterized in that: The oxygen supplement channels (5) are arranged at the head, middle and tail of the incinerator chamber (1).

3. The incinerator of claim 1, wherein the incinerator is characterized by: The hot air heated by the secondary heat exchanger (13) is delivered to the small burners (3) and the large burners (4) through a hot air pipeline connected with a hot air electric regulating valve (6).

4. The incinerator of claim 1, wherein the incinerator is characterized by: The combustion air booster fan (10) is also connected with a cold air pipeline and a cold air electric valve (9).

5. The incinerator for multi-point emission of high-concentration asphalt fumes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large burners (4) are arranged at the head, middle and tail of the incinerator chamber (1).

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