Anti-static breakdown aluminum electrolytic capacitor
By employing a tightly wound structure of the shell and core and self-healing materials in aluminum electrolytic capacitors, the problem of easy damage under high humidity or sudden static electricity has been solved, achieving stable operation and cost control.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing aluminum electrolytic capacitors are easily damaged in high humidity environments or during sudden electrostatic discharges, and traditional antistatic measures have poor compatibility and high cost.
The shell and core package are tightly wound together. Electrolytic paper and electrostatic shielding film are stacked between the positive and negative aluminum foils to form a conductive network. Local damage is actively repaired by a self-healing semiconductor glaze layer. Combined with a composite insulator of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets and high-temperature epoxy resin, the insulation and shielding properties are enhanced.
This technology improves the stability and electrostatic discharge resistance of capacitors in complex environments, while reducing costs and avoiding the need for additional complex electrostatic discharge systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN224110144U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of capacitor, especially an aluminum electrolytic capacitor preventing static breakdown. BACKGROUND
[0002] The technical scheme of the existing aluminum electrolytic capacitor in the field of preventing static breakdown mainly relies on the aluminum oxide dielectric layer as the dielectric, and forms a capacitor structure through winding the negative pole foil and the positive pole aluminum foil, and the traditional protection measures adopt passive means such as grounding and anti-static packaging, trying to reduce the influence of static electricity on the capacitor in the external environment.
[0003] However, this strategy relying on external protection often fails to ensure the stable operation of the capacitor when facing high humidity environment or sudden static discharge, on the one hand, the fragility of the aluminum oxide dielectric layer itself and the sensitivity of the internal winding structure in high voltage moment lead to the vulnerability of the capacitor, on the other hand, the traditional anti-static measures not only have poor material compatibility, but also introduce additional static eliminator or intelligent protection system, which greatly increases the cost. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model aims at overcoming the insufficient in prior art and provides an aluminum electrolytic capacitor preventing static breakdown, the main part and two end parts of the shell constitute a closed space, not only provide physical protection for internal elements, but also directly shield external static interference, change the passive measures such as relying on external grounding in the past, the positive pole aluminum foil and the negative pole aluminum foil in the core package are stacked with electrolytic paper and static shielding film, form a tight winding structure, build a conductive network while preventing static puncture, reduce the equivalent series resistance and enhance the electromagnetic shielding property, the structure formed by the superfine ceramic fiber cloth base and nano ceramic coating of the static shielding film synergistically blocks external static electricity, the self-repairing semiconductor glaze layer can also actively repair local damage and maintain the shielding integrity, thereby solving the problem of fragility under high humidity or sudden static electricity, the structure formed by the hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet and high-temperature epoxy resin composite insulator between the shell and the core package not only improves the insulation performance, but also shields the capacitor end static electricity through the shielding terminals at both ends, realizes the stable operation of the capacitor in complex environment, and has low cost.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0006] An anti-static breakdown aluminum electrolytic capacitor, comprising a shell, the shell is composed of a main body, a first end portion arranged at one end of the main body, and a second end portion arranged at the other end of the main body, and the shell is used as a container to shield external static electricity; a core package is arranged in the shell, the core package is composed of at least one negative aluminum foil, at least one electrolytic paper arranged on two surfaces of the negative aluminum foil respectively, a positive aluminum foil arranged on one surface of the electrolytic paper, and at least one static shielding film arranged on the positive aluminum foil and the other surface of the electrolytic paper, and the core package is wound by the package material to realize charge storage, electric field control and electrode connection; an insulator is arranged between the shell and the core package, and the insulator is used to assist the shell in preventing the core package from leaking electricity to the outside.
[0007] The positive electrode aluminum foil is provided with a positive electrode guide pin at one end, and the positive electrode guide pin is formed by a metal nickel and a ceramic alloy, and the nickel is used to provide electronic conduction ability, and the ceramic is used to enhance oxidation resistance and thermal stability.
[0008] The negative electrode aluminum foil is provided with a negative electrode guide pin at one end, and the negative electrode guide pin is formed by an aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy and Al3Sc and Mg2Sc nano precipitation layers, and the negative electrode guide pin is used to construct a lead-out conductor which is excellent in conductivity and corrosion resistance.
[0009] The electrolytic paper comprises a dense layer, a transition layer and a liquid storage layer, the dense layer is used to prevent static puncture, the transition layer is used to provide an ion transmission path, and the liquid storage layer is used to store electrolyte; the surface of the dense layer is sprayed with a graphene nanosheet coating to form a conductive network, so that the equivalent series resistance is reduced and the electromagnetic shielding property is improved.
[0010] The dense layer of the electrolytic paper is formed by a chitosan and cellulose nanocrystal composite substrate, the transition layer is constructed by a three-dimensional nanofiber network through an electrospinning technology, and the liquid storage layer is formed by reversible covalent bonds in the network through a dynamic borate ester bond crosslinking agent to form a three-layer gradient pore structure.
[0011] The static shielding film is formed by an ultra-fine ceramic fiber cloth substrate, a nano ceramic coating and a self-repairing semiconductor glaze layer, the static shielding film is formed by the synergistic effect of the flexibility of the ceramic fiber and the compactness of the nano coating, so that the core package is prevented from being punctured by static electricity, and the self-repairing semiconductor glaze layer is used for self-repairing of local damaged points.
[0012] The insulator is formed by a hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet and a high-temperature epoxy resin composite substrate, and the high-temperature epoxy resin composite substrate is used to improve the insulation and electromagnetic shielding efficiency.
[0013] The insulator is provided with a shielding terminal at each end, and the shielding terminal is used to assist the insulator in shielding static electricity of the capacitor end portion.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model lie in:
[0015] 1、The shell as an external barrier and the internal insulator and the shielding terminal form a double protective layer, effectively block the external interference in high humidity environment or sudden electrostatic discharge, and the multi-layer electrostatic shielding significantly improves the anti-static breakdown capacity; the dense layer graphene coating of the electrolytic paper in the core package, the ceramic fiber cloth base of the electrostatic shielding film and the nano coating form a structural synergistic effect, which reduces the equivalent series resistance and enhances the electromagnetic shielding property, and the self-repairing semiconductor glaze can actively repair local damage, thereby overcoming the easy damage problem caused by the weakness of the traditional structure;
[0016] 2、The structure formed by the nickel ceramic alloy material of the positive electrode guide needle and the aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy of the negative electrode guide needle significantly enhances the corrosion resistance and thermal stability while maintaining excellent electrical conductivity, solving the performance degradation problem caused by the poor compatibility of traditional materials; meanwhile, the integration of the shell, the insulator and the shielding terminal avoids the additional introduction of a complex static electricity elimination system, so that the overall cost is effectively controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 It is an assembly perspective view of the insulator and the shielding terminal of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 4 It is a winding perspective view of the core package of the utility model.
[0021] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the electrolytic paper of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the electrostatic shielding film of the utility model.
[0023] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the insulator of the utility model.
[0024] Figure 8 It is a perspective view of the positive electrode guide needle of the utility model.
[0025] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] 1 - shell, 10 - body, 11 - first end, 12 - second end, 2 - core package, 20 - positive aluminum foil, 21 - electrolytic paper, 210 - dense layer, 211 - transition layer, 212 - liquid storage layer, 22 - negative aluminum foil, 23 - electrostatic shielding film, 230 - ultra-fine ceramic fiber cloth, 231 - nano ceramic coating, 232 - self-repairing semiconductor glaze layer, 3 - insulator, 30 - hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet, 31 - high-temperature epoxy resin composite matrix, 4 - positive needle, 40 - sharp part, 5 - negative needle, 6 - shielding terminal, 60 - positive shielding terminal, 61 - negative shielding terminal, 7 - positive solder leg, 8 - negative solder leg, 9 - protective film DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The utility model makes further explanation as follows in combination with the drawings of the specification:
[0028] As Figures 1-8 shown, the utility model relates to an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of anti-static breakdown, including shell 1, shell 1 is by body 10, the first end 11 of being arranged in body 10 one end and the second end 12 of being arranged in body 10 another end is composed, this shell 1 is used as container shielding external static electricity, be provided with a core package 2 in this shell 1, the core 2 package is by at least one negative aluminum foil 22, at least one electrolytic paper 21 respectively arranged in negative aluminum foil 22 two sides, positive aluminum foil 20 arranged on one side electrolytic paper 21 and at least one electrostatic shielding film 23 respectively arranged on positive aluminum foil 20 and the other side electrolytic paper 21 constitute the package material winding, the core package 2 is used to realize charge storage, electric field control and electrode connection, be provided with an insulator 3 between this shell 1 and core package 2, the insulator 3 is used to assist shell 1 to prevent core package 2 from leaking to the outside, and the core package is sequentially superimposed after the electrostatic shielding film 23, positive aluminum foil 20, electrolytic paper 21, negative aluminum foil 22, electrolytic paper 21, electrostatic shielding film 23 and then is wound.
[0029] As Figures 2-4 , 8 shows, and one end of positive aluminum foil 20 is provided with positive needle 4, the positive needle 4 is composed of metal nickel and ceramic alloy, and nickel is used to provide electronic conduction ability, and ceramic enhances oxidation resistance and thermal stability, when the core package 2 is wound, the one end of the positive needle 4 is pierced through the winding starting edge of the positive aluminum foil 20 through a sharp part 40, mechanical interlocking is formed, and the piercing depth is controlled to be 50%-70% of the foil thickness, the one end of the positive needle 4 is connected with a positive solder leg 7 through soldering tin, and the positive solder leg 7 is used to fix the capacitor on the circuit board.
[0030] As Figures 2-3As shown, one end of the negative aluminum foil 22 is provided with a negative lead 5, which is made of an aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy as a base material, and by adding 0.1-0.3wt% scandium elements to form Al3Sc, Mg2Sc nano precipitates, forming a negative lead 5 made of aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy with excellent electrical conductivity and a surface with a corrosion-resistant scandium element nano-enhanced layer, and by forming Al3Sc, Mg2Sc nano-precipitated enhanced layer by scandium and magnesium, significantly improving the high-temperature strength and creep resistance of the alloy, while maintaining electrical conductivity (resistivity ≤3.5×10⁻ 8 Ω·m) at the same time, improve corrosion resistance (corrosion rate in 3.5% NaCl solution is reduced by 60%); one end of the negative lead 5 is connected to a negative soldering foot 8 through soldering, which is used to fix the capacitor on the circuit board.
[0031] As shown in Figures 4-5 , the electrolytic paper 21 includes a dense layer 210, a transition layer 211, and a liquid storage layer 212, the dense layer 210 is used to prevent static puncture, the transition layer 211 is used to provide an ion transmission path, and the liquid storage layer 212 is used to store electrolyte; the surface of the dense layer 210 is sprayed with a graphene nanosheet coating to form a conductive network to reduce the equivalent series resistance and improve electromagnetic shielding, and the electrolytic paper 21 is formed by sequentially stacking the dense layer 210, the transition layer 211, the liquid storage layer 212, the transition layer 211, and the dense layer 210.
[0032] As shown in Figures 4-5 , the dense layer 210 of the electrolytic paper 21 is based on a chitosan / cellulose nanocrystal composite substrate, the thickness of the dense layer is about 10-20μm, the transition layer 211 is constructed by a three-dimensional nanofiber network through electrospinning technology, the thickness of the transition layer is about 20-30μm, and the liquid storage layer 212 is formed by a reversible covalent bond between the network and the dynamic borate cross-linking agent, forming a three-layer gradient pore structure, and the thickness of the liquid storage layer is about 15-25μm.
[0033] As shown in Figure 4 , 6As shown, the electrostatic shielding film 23 is composed of an ultrafine ceramic fiber cloth substrate 230, a nano-ceramic coating 231, and a self-healing semiconductor glaze layer 232. The ultrafine ceramic fiber cloth substrate has a thickness of approximately 0.1-0.3 μm, the nano-ceramic coating has a thickness of approximately 5-15 μm, and the self-healing semiconductor glaze layer has a thickness of approximately 1-5 μm. Through the synergistic effect of the flexibility of the ceramic fibers and the density of the nano-coating, the core package 2 is prevented from being electrostatically broken down. The self-healing semiconductor glaze layer 232 self-heals and repairs localized damaged points. The ultrafine ceramic fiber cloth substrate 230 of the electrostatic shielding film 23, with its good flexibility, can adapt to the shape of the core package 2 after winding, while the density of its nano-ceramic coating 231 further blocks the intrusion of external static electricity. The two work together to prevent the core package 2 from being electrostatically broken down. When the electrostatic shielding film 23 is locally damaged, the self-healing semiconductor glaze layer 232 can self-heal and repair the damaged points, maintaining the integrity of the electrostatic shielding film 23.
[0034] like Figures 1-3 As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the insulator 3 is composed of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets 30 and a high-temperature epoxy resin composite matrix 31. The high-temperature epoxy resin composite matrix 31 is used to improve insulation and electromagnetic shielding performance.
[0035] like Figures 2-3 As shown, each end of the insulator 3 is provided with a shielding terminal 6. The shielding terminal 6 is used to assist the insulator 3 in shielding the electrostatic discharge at the capacitor end. The shielding terminal 6 is divided into a positive shielding terminal 60 located on the positive aluminum foil 20 side and a negative shielding terminal 61 located on the negative aluminum foil 22 side. The positive electrode guide pin 4 passes through the middle of the positive shielding terminal 60, and the negative electrode guide pin 5 passes through the middle of the negative shielding terminal 61.
[0036] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the outer layer of the shielding terminal 6 is covered with a protective film 9. The protective film 9 is used to prevent water molecules from penetrating into the core package 2. After the insulator 3 is wrapped around the core package 2, the shielding terminal 6 (positive shielding terminal 60 and negative shielding terminal 61) is inserted at both ends respectively. The protective film 9 and the insulator 3 are sealed together by hot air blowing.
[0037] Assembly principle: first, the shell 1 as the foundation container, by the main body 10, first end 11 and second end 12, the three parts constitute a closed space, provide protection for internal components and shield external static, in the core of the shell 1 core package 2 by the positive aluminum foil 20, electrolytic paper 21, negative aluminum foil 22, static shielding film 23 according to the specific order of superposition winding, first, the positive aluminum foil 20 is placed, at one end of the positive aluminum foil 20, the positive needle 4 is installed, the positive needle 4 is formed by metal nickel and ceramic alloy, one end of the positive needle 4 is pierced through the positive aluminum foil 20 by the sharp part 40, the piercing depth is strictly controlled at 50%-70% of the foil thickness, to form a mechanical interlock, to ensure the stable connection of the positive needle 4 and the positive aluminum foil 20, to ensure the electronic conduction ability, and to enhance the oxidation resistance and thermal stability by using ceramic alloy, secondly, the electrolytic paper 21 is covered on the positive aluminum foil 20, the electrolytic paper 21 has five layer structure, the dense layer 210 (based on chitosan, cellulose nanocrystal composite substrate, surface spraying graphene nanosheet coating) faces the positive aluminum foil 20, the transition layer 211 (three-dimensional nanofiber network is constructed by electrospinning technology) is in the middle, the liquid storage layer 212 (reversible covalent bond is formed by dynamic borate ester bond crosslinking agent in the network) is on one side of the transition layer 211, the other layer of the liquid storage layer 212 is the transition layer 211, one side of the transition layer 211 is the dense layer 210, then the negative aluminum foil 22 is placed, the negative needle 5 is installed at one end of the negative aluminum foil 22, the negative needle 5 is formed by aluminum magnesium scandium alloy as base material, adding 0.1-0.3wt% scandium element to form Al3Sc, Mg2Sc nano precipitated phase, the negative needle 5 is welded and connected with the negative aluminum foil 22, then the static shielding film 23 is covered, the static shielding film 23 is formed by ultra-fine ceramic fiber cloth base 230, nano ceramic coating 231 and self-repairing semiconductor glaze layer 232, relying on the flexibility of ceramic fiber and the density of nano coating, the static shielding film 23 provides static protection for the core package 2, the static shielding film 23, the positive aluminum foil 20, the electrolytic paper 21, the negative aluminum foil 22, the electrolytic paper 21, the static shielding film 23 are sequentially superimposed and wound to form the core package 2, then the insulator 3 is installed between the shell 1 and the core package 2, the insulator 3 is composed of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet 30 and high temperature epoxy resin composite base 31, which can improve the insulation and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, the shielding terminal 6 is installed at both ends of the insulator 3, the positive shielding terminal 60 is located on the side of the positive aluminum foil 20, and the negative shielding terminal 61 is located on the side of the negative aluminum foil 22, the positive needle 4 passes through the middle of the positive shielding terminal 60, and the negative needle 5 passes through the middle of the negative shielding terminal 61, so as to assist the insulator 3 to shield the static electricity of the capacitor end, finally, the first end 11 and the second end 12 are packaged with the main body 10, and the assembly of the whole capacitor is completed.
[0038] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so equivalent changes or decorations made by ordinary engineering technicians in the art to the structure, features and principles described in the present application should fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor resistant to electrostatic discharge (ESD) breakdown, characterized in that: The device includes a housing, which comprises a main body, a first end portion located at one end of the main body, and a second end portion located at the other end of the main body. The housing serves as a container to shield against external static electricity. Inside the housing is a core package, which is formed by winding a packing material consisting of at least one negative aluminum foil, at least one electrolytic paper disposed on both sides of the negative aluminum foil, a positive aluminum foil disposed on one side of the electrolytic paper, and at least one electrostatic shielding film disposed on the positive aluminum foil and the other side of the electrolytic paper. The core package is used to achieve charge storage, electric field control, and electrode connection. An insulator is provided between the housing and the core package to assist the housing in preventing leakage of current from the core package.
2. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor with anti-static breakdown capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the positive electrode aluminum foil is provided with a positive electrode guide needle, which is formed by a structure of metallic nickel and ceramic alloy. Nickel is used to provide electron conduction capability, and ceramic alloy enhances oxidation resistance and thermal stability.
3. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor with anti-static breakdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the negative electrode aluminum foil is provided with a negative electrode guide needle, which is formed by an aluminum-magnesium-scandium alloy and Al3Sc and Mg2Sc nano-precipitated layers. The negative electrode guide needle is used to construct an outgoing conductor with excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance.
4. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor with anti-static breakdown capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic paper includes a dense layer, a transition layer, and a liquid storage layer. The dense layer is used to prevent electrostatic puncture, the transition layer is used to provide an ion transport path, and the liquid storage layer is used to store and contain the electrolyte. The surface of the dense layer is coated with a graphene nanosheet coating to form a conductive network, which reduces the equivalent series resistance and improves the electromagnetic shielding.
5. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor with anti-static breakdown capability according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dense layer of the electrolytic paper is formed by a composite substrate of chitosan and cellulose nanocrystals. A three-dimensional nanofiber network is constructed in the transition layer. The liquid storage layer is formed by reversible covalent bonds formed by dynamic borate ester crosslinking agents within the network, forming a three-layer gradient pore structure.
6. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor with anti-static breakdown capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrostatic shielding film is composed of an ultra-fine ceramic fiber cloth substrate, a nano-ceramic coating, and a self-healing semiconductor glaze layer. Through the synergistic effect of the flexibility of the ceramic fiber and the density of the nano-coating, the core package is prevented from being electrostatically broken down, and the self-healing semiconductor glaze layer can self-heal and repair local damaged points.
7. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor with anti-static breakdown capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulator is formed by a structure of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets and a high-temperature epoxy resin composite matrix, wherein the high-temperature epoxy resin composite matrix is used to improve insulation and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness.
8. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor with anti-static breakdown capability according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each end of the insulator is provided with a shielding terminal, which is used to assist the insulator in shielding the electrostatic discharge at the end of the capacitor.