Automatic telescopic center device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of telescopic tips, and discloses an automatic telescopic tip device, which is characterized in that elastic clamping is realized by arranging structures such as a base, a tip head and a telescopic cylinder, the device is arranged above a machine tool, the end part of the tip head is propped against the end part of a workpiece by controlling the feeding of the device, and then the feeding is continued; due to the fact that the center head is limited by the workpiece, the tail column is continuously compressed towards the interior of the contraction cylinder, the tail column moves and stably slides in the linear bearing, the friction force between the tail column and the inner wall of the contraction cylinder is reduced, the spiral compression spring provides elastic clamping force for the tail column, and therefore the tail column can stably clamp the workpiece. The working piston extrudes the floating piston due to the movement of the tail column, so that the tail column slowly moves when sliding in the contraction cylinder, the sliding speed of the base is reduced, sudden impact is avoided, and the elastic clamping effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of telescopic tip technology, and in particular to an automatic telescopic tip device. Background Technology

[0002] A center is a machine tool component used in machining. There are two types: fixed centers and movable centers. Fixed centers can support parts with complex end faces or parts for which center holes cannot be drilled.

[0003] In the existing technology, when machining shaft-type weld overlay parts, the shaft-type parts are clamped on a lathe, with one end clamped on the headstock chuck and the other end held in place by the tailstock center. During workpiece machining, cutting and other operations will cause the center to vibrate. This vibration will cause the center to be stressed and vibrate together, resulting in wear and tear on the center. The workpiece needs to be heated during machining, which may also cause the following problems: after the workpiece is heated, it will inevitably expand and contract. Since the center position is fixed, the expansion will extend to both ends and will collide with the expansion of the workpiece, causing the center to jam or break, making it impossible to continue working. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an automatic telescopic tip device, which has the advantages of adaptive contraction and suppression of processing vibration, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This utility model provides the following technical solution: an automatic telescopic tip device, including a base, the base including a tip, a bearing, and a tail column, the tip being rotatably mounted at one end of the base, the bearing being mounted at one end of the base, the tip being rotatably mounted on the outer ring of the bearing, the tail column being fixedly mounted on one side of the base, a retraction cylinder being slidably sleeved on the outer ring of the tail column, a damping valve assembly being fixedly connected to the outer ring of the tail of the retraction cylinder, the damping valve assembly including a valve cylinder, a diverter valve, a transmission block, and a pressure cylinder, the valve cylinder being fixedly connected to one side of the tail of the retraction cylinder, the diverter valve being fixedly connected to the outer ring of the retraction cylinder on one side of the valve cylinder, a connecting pipe being fixedly connected between the interior of the valve cylinder and the interior of the diverter valve, the transmission block being fixedly connected to one side of the diverter valve, and a pressure cylinder being fixedly mounted on one side of the transmission block below the diverter valve.

[0006] Through the above structural design, by incorporating a helical compression spring, a floating piston, a working piston, and a base, a parallel design is achieved to provide elastic clamping force to the base and dissipate vibration energy. This device significantly improves machining accuracy and efficiency while ensuring rigidity. This solution is suitable for high-precision machining scenarios that are sensitive to vibration.

[0007] Preferably, the shrink cylinder includes a linear bearing and a working piston. The inner ring of the shrink cylinder has fixed grooves arranged in a linear array. A linear bearing is fixedly installed inside the fixed grooves. The linear bearing is sleeved on the outer ring of the tail column. A working piston is slidably installed inside the shrink cylinder. The end of the tail column is connected to one side of the working piston. A floating piston is slidably installed inside the shrink cylinder between the working piston and the inner wall of the shrink cylinder. A helical compression spring is fixedly connected between one side of the working piston and the inner wall of the shrink cylinder. The helical compression spring is located on the outer ring of the tail column.

[0008] With the above structural setup, the tip rests on the end of the workpiece, and the tail column drives the working piston to slide inside the shrink cylinder. The tail column provides elastic clamping force to the workpiece through the spiral compression spring.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting groove A is provided on one side of the inner side of the shrink cylinder between the floating piston and the inner wall, and the interior of the shrink cylinder is connected to the interior of the valve cylinder through the connecting groove A.

[0010] With the above structural design, when the floating piston slides, it will drive the hydraulic oil to move together. When the floating piston is squeezed, the hydraulic oil between the floating piston and the inner wall will enter the interior of the valve cylinder through the connecting groove A.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting groove B is provided on one side of the inside of the shrink cylinder between the working piston and the floating piston, and the inside of the shrink cylinder is connected to the inside of the diverter valve through the connecting groove B.

[0012] With the above structural configuration, when the working piston is driven by the base to retract into the shrink cylinder, the floating piston is squeezed, and the squeezed hydraulic oil flows into the interior of the diverter valve through the valve cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, an impeller is rotatably mounted inside the diversion valve, and the interior of the diversion valve is connected to the interior of the valve cylinder and the interior of the contraction cylinder, respectively.

[0014] With the above structural configuration, when the working piston is squeezed, the hydraulic oil between the floating piston and the bottom wall of the contraction cylinder flows into the interior of the diverter valve through the valve cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission block has a flow pipe inside, the upper port of the flow pipe is connected to the inside of the diverter valve, and the lower port of the flow pipe is connected to the inside of the pressure cylinder.

[0016] With the above structural configuration, the remaining hydraulic oil inside the diverter valve is continuously compressed by the floating piston and flows into the interior of the transmission block, which then transports the oil to the interior of the pressure cylinder through the flow pipe.

[0017] Preferably, an oil supply pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure cylinder, the oil supply pipe is connected to an external oil reservoir, and a pressure piston is slidably installed inside the pressure cylinder.

[0018] With the above structural design, the hydraulic oil inside the contraction cylinder enters the pressure cylinder through the transmission block and then pushes the pressure piston to slide towards the oil supply pipe.

[0019] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. This automatic telescopic center device achieves elastic clamping through a structure consisting of a base, center head, and retraction cylinder. When mounted above a machine tool, the device's feed is controlled so that the center head rests against the workpiece end. Continued feed allows the elastic force provided by the helical compression spring to stably clamp the workpiece. Because the center head is restricted by the workpiece, the tail column continuously compresses into the retraction cylinder. The tail column moves stably within the linear bearing, reducing friction between the tail column and the inner wall of the retraction cylinder. The helical compression spring provides elastic support to the tail column. The working piston, compressed by the tail column's movement, presses against the floating piston, causing the tail column to move slowly within the retraction cylinder, reducing the base's sliding speed and preventing sudden impacts, thus achieving the effect of elastic clamping.

[0021] 2. This automatic telescopic centering device reduces vibration by incorporating a contraction cylinder, damping valve assembly, valve cylinder, and flow divider valve. The hydraulic oil pressure between the working piston and the floating piston, and between the floating piston and the inner wall of the contraction cylinder, is adaptively adjusted by the damping valve assembly. After the floating piston is squeezed by the working piston, the hydraulic oil between the floating piston and the inner wall of the contraction cylinder flows out through the valve cylinder, reducing the distance between them. This also provides damping for the extension and retraction of the base, gradually stabilizing the position of the working piston. The contraction cylinder and damping valve assembly counteract vibrations caused by workpiece processing, significantly reducing the vibration amplitude and improving the surface finish of the workpiece, thus achieving vibration damping. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shrink cylinder of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shrink cylinder of this utility model from another perspective;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the damping valve assembly of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Center head; 12. Bearing; 13. Tail column; 2. Contraction cylinder; 21. Linear bearing; 22. Working piston; 23. Floating piston; 24. Helical compression spring; 3. Valve cylinder; 31. Connecting pipe; 4. Diverter valve; 41. Impeller; 5. Transmission block; 51. Flow pipe; 6. Pressure cylinder; 61. Oil delivery pipe; 62. Pressure piston. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] Please see Figures 1-3 An automatic telescopic tip device includes a base 1, which includes a tip 11, a bearing 12, and a tail column 13. The tip 11 is rotatably mounted on the end of the base 1, and the bearing 12 is mounted on the end of the base 1. The tip 11 is rotatably mounted on the outer ring of the bearing 12. The tail column 13 is fixedly mounted on one side of the base 1. A retraction cylinder 2 is slidably sleeved on the outer ring of the tail column 13. A damping valve assembly is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the tail of the retraction cylinder 2. The damping valve assembly includes a valve cylinder 3, a diverter valve 4, a transmission block 5, and a pressure cylinder 6. The valve cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the tail of the retraction cylinder 2. The diverter valve 4 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the retraction cylinder 2 on one side of the valve cylinder 3. A connecting pipe 31 is fixedly connected between the interior of the valve cylinder 3 and the interior of the diverter valve 4. The transmission block 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the diverter valve 4. The pressure cylinder 6 is fixedly mounted on one side of the transmission block 5 below the diverter valve 4.

[0029] In practical applications, this device employs a parallel design that provides elastic clamping force and dissipates vibration energy to the base 1 by incorporating a helical compression spring 24, a floating piston 23, a working piston 22, and a base 1. This design significantly improves machining accuracy and efficiency while maintaining rigidity. This solution is suitable for high-precision machining scenarios that are sensitive to vibration.

[0030] After the center tip 11 contacts the workpiece, the spring provides clamping force to the base 1 located inside the shrink cylinder 2 according to its own extension and contraction. The hydraulic oil inside the shrink cylinder 2 provides shock absorption force to the base 1 to avoid impact. When machining the workpiece, the center tip will vibrate due to cutting and other operations. The vibration of the workpiece is suppressed and the vibration energy is offset by the setting of the damping valve group inside the shrink cylinder 2. The helical compression spring 24 maintains stiffness due to its elasticity to prevent the workpiece from being loosened.

[0031] After machining, when the cutting force is low, the helical compression spring 24 pushes the base 1 to retract, and the damping valve group plus the shrink cylinder 2 slows down the rebound speed to prevent the base 1 from impacting.

[0032] Please see Figures 1-3 The shrink cylinder 2 includes a linear bearing 21 and a working piston 22. The inner ring of the shrink cylinder 2 has a fixed groove in a linear array. The linear bearing 21 is fixedly installed inside the fixed groove and is sleeved on the outer ring of the tail column 13. The working piston 22 is slidably installed inside the shrink cylinder 2. The end of the tail column 13 is connected to one side of the working piston 22. When working, the working piston 22 moves together with the end of the tail column 13. A floating piston 23 is slidably installed inside the shrink cylinder 2 between the working piston 22 and the inner wall of the shrink cylinder 2. A helical compression spring 24 is fixedly connected between one side of the working piston 22 and the inner wall of the shrink cylinder 2. The helical compression spring 24 is located on the outer ring of the tail column 13.

[0033] During operation, the center head 11 is placed against the end of the workpiece, and the tail column 13 drives the working piston 22 to slide inside the shrink cylinder 2. The tail column 13 provides elastic clamping force to the workpiece through the helical compression spring 24. The hydraulic oil between the working piston 22 and the floating piston 23 pushes the working piston 22 to move towards the inner wall of the shrink cylinder 2. The hydraulic oil between the floating piston 23 and the inner wall is dispersed through the damping valve group, with part flowing into the space between the working piston 22 and the floating piston 23, and the other part flowing into the interior of the pressure cylinder 6 to reduce vibration energy.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-3 A connecting groove A is provided on one side of the inside of the contraction cylinder 2 between the floating piston 23 and the inner wall, and the inside of the contraction cylinder 2 is connected to the inside of the valve cylinder 3 through the connecting groove A.

[0035] When working, the floating piston 23 slides inside the shrink cylinder 2. Since the workpiece processing will generate vibration, the vibration is reduced by the cooperation between the working piston 22 and the floating piston 23. When the floating piston 23 slides, it will drive the hydraulic oil to move together. When the floating piston 23 is squeezed, the hydraulic oil between the floating piston 23 and the inner wall will enter the interior of the valve cylinder 3 through the connecting groove A. The valve cylinder 3 will flow the hydraulic oil into the interior of the diverter valve 4. When the working piston 22 rises, the pressure of the floating piston 23 gradually weakens, driving the hydraulic oil from the interior of the valve cylinder 3 into the space between the floating piston 23 and the inner wall of the shrink cylinder 2, thereby slowing down the movement speed of the device and avoiding high-speed rebound or shrinkage impact on the workpiece.

[0036] Please see Figures 1-3 A connecting groove B is provided on one side of the inside of the shrink cylinder 2 between the working piston 22 and the floating piston 23. The inside of the shrink cylinder 2 is connected to the inside of the diversion valve 4 through the connecting groove B.

[0037] When the working piston 22 is driven by the base 1 to retract into the shrink cylinder 2, the floating piston 23 is squeezed. The squeezed-out hydraulic oil flows into the interior of the diverter valve 4 through the valve cylinder 3. Part of the hydraulic oil enters the space between the working piston 22 and the floating piston 23 through the connecting groove B, and the other part enters the interior of the pressure cylinder 6 through the transmission block 5. When the working piston 22 is driven to retract by the helical compression spring 24, the hydraulic oil between the working piston 22 and the floating piston 23 and inside the pressure cylinder 6 is attracted by the negative pressure inside the floating piston 23 and returns to the space between the floating piston 23 and the bottom wall of the shrink cylinder 2 through the valve cylinder 3.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-4 An impeller 41 is rotatably mounted inside the diversion valve 4, and the interior of the diversion valve 4 is connected to the interior of the valve cylinder 3 and the interior of the contraction cylinder 2 respectively.

[0039] The function of the diverter valve 4 is similar to that of dispersing or transferring. The hydraulic oil inside the valve cylinder 3 and the pressure cylinder 6 is dispersed or circulated through the diverter valve 4. When the working piston 22 is squeezed, the hydraulic oil between the floating piston 23 and the bottom wall of the contraction cylinder 2 flows into the interior of the diverter valve 4 through the valve cylinder 3. Subsequently, the flow of hydraulic oil drives the impeller 41 to rotate, adding to the flow of hydraulic oil and making it flow quickly. After the rotation of the impeller 41, part of the hydraulic oil enters the space between the working piston 22 and the floating piston 23 through the diverter valve 4, and the remaining part flows into the interior of the pressure cylinder 6 through the transmission block 5, realizing the pressure flow transmission.

[0040] Please see Figures 1-4 The transmission block 5 has a flow pipe 51 inside. The upper port of the flow pipe 51 is connected to the inside of the diverter valve 4, and the lower port of the flow pipe 51 is connected to the inside of the pressure cylinder 6.

[0041] The remaining hydraulic oil inside the diverter valve 4 is continuously compressed by the floating piston 23 and flows into the transmission block 5. The transmission block 5 delivers the hydraulic oil to the pressure cylinder 6 through the flow pipe 51. When the spiral compression spring 24 drives the working piston 22 to retract, the hydraulic oil inside the pressure cylinder 6 is drawn out due to the negative pressure suction. The hydraulic oil flows back to the diverter valve 4 through the transmission block 5, and then flows back between the floating piston 23 and the inner wall of the retraction cylinder 2 through the diverter valve 4.

[0042] Please see Figures 1-4 The end of the pressure cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to an oil supply pipe 61, which is connected to an external oil reservoir. A pressure piston 62 is slidably installed inside the pressure cylinder 6.

[0043] The pressure cylinder 6 controls its internal pressure through the pressure piston 62. When the hydraulic oil inside the retracting cylinder 2 enters the pressure cylinder 6 through the transmission block 5, it will push the pressure piston 62 to slide towards the oil supply pipe 61. The hydraulic oil between the pressure piston 62 and the oil supply pipe 61 is squeezed back to the external oil reservoir. When the working piston 22 retracts, the hydraulic oil between the pressure piston 62 and the flow pipe 51 is attracted, causing the pressure piston 62 to slide towards the flow pipe 51. The hydraulic oil inside the oil reservoir enters the pressure cylinder 6 through the oil supply pipe 61. The sliding of the pressure piston 62 stabilizes the hydraulic oil pressure inside the pressure cylinder 6.

[0044] Working Principle: In use, this device is installed above the machine tool. By controlling the feed of this device, the end of the center head 11 is pressed against the end of the workpiece. Continued feed allows the elastic force provided by the helical compression spring 24 to stably clamp the workpiece. Because the center head 11 is restricted by the workpiece, the tail column 13 continuously compresses into the shrinking cylinder 2. The tail column 13 moves stably within the linear bearing 21, reducing friction between the tail column 13 and the inner wall of the shrinking cylinder 2. The helical compression spring 24 provides elastic support to the tail column 13. The working piston 22, under the influence of the tail column 13, compresses the floating piston 23, causing the tail column 13 to move slowly within the shrinking cylinder 2, reducing the sliding speed of the base 1 and avoiding sudden impacts. The hydraulic oil pressure between the working piston 22 and the floating piston 23, and between the floating piston 23 and the inner wall of the shrinking cylinder 2, is adaptively adjusted by the damping valve assembly. The position of the floating piston 23 is controlled by the working piston 23. 2. After compression, the hydraulic oil between the floating piston 23 and the inner wall of the shrinking cylinder 2 flows out through the valve cylinder 3, reducing the distance between the floating piston 23 and the inner wall of the shrinking cylinder 2. At the same time, it provides a damping effect for the extension and retraction of the base 1, so that the position of the working piston 22 gradually stabilizes, providing a stable elastic clamping force for the workpiece. Subsequently, the workpiece is processed. Due to the vibration of the workpiece caused by cutting and other operations, it is transmitted to the inside of the base 1 through the center head 11, which will cause the base 1 to vibrate. This device uses the shrinking cylinder 2 and the damping valve group to counteract the vibration caused by the workpiece processing. With this device, the vibration amplitude of the workpiece and the base 1 can be greatly reduced, improving the surface finish of the workpiece. The base 1 maintains the clamping stiffness due to the helical compression spring 24, preventing the workpiece from loosening. The elastic clamping force provided by the helical compression spring 24 and the vibration energy of the shrinking cylinder 2 are weakened. This device significantly improves the processing accuracy and efficiency while ensuring rigid clamping.

Claims

1. An automatic retractable centre device comprising a base (1), characterised in that: The base (1) includes a center head (11), a bearing (12), and a tail column (13). The center head (11) is rotatably mounted on the end of the base (1), and the bearing (12) is mounted on the end of the base (1). The center head (11) is rotatably mounted on the outer ring of the bearing (12). The tail column (13) is fixedly mounted on one side of the base (1). A shrink cylinder (2) is slidably sleeved on the outer ring of the tail column (13). A damping valve assembly is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the tail of the shrink cylinder (2). The damping valve assembly includes a valve cylinder. (3), diverter valve (4), transmission block (5), pressure cylinder (6), a valve cylinder (3) is fixedly connected to one side of the tail of the contraction cylinder (2), a diverter valve (4) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the contraction cylinder (2) on one side of the valve cylinder (3), a connecting pipe (31) is fixedly connected between the inside of the valve cylinder (3) and the inside of the diverter valve (4), a transmission block (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the diverter valve (4), and a pressure cylinder (6) is fixedly installed on one side of the transmission block (5) below the diverter valve (4).

2. An automatic retractable centre device according to claim 1 wherein: The shrink cylinder (2) includes a linear bearing (21) and a working piston (22). The inner ring of the shrink cylinder (2) is provided with a fixed groove in a linear array. The linear bearing (21) is fixedly installed inside the fixed groove. The linear bearing (21) is sleeved on the outer ring of the tail column (13). The working piston (22) is slidably installed inside the shrink cylinder (2). The end of the tail column (13) is connected to one side of the working piston (22). A floating piston (23) is slidably installed inside the shrink cylinder (2) between the working piston (22) and the inner wall of the shrink cylinder (2). A helical compression spring (24) is fixedly connected between one side of the working piston (22) and the inner wall of the shrink cylinder (2). The helical compression spring (24) is located on the outer ring of the tail column (13).

3. An automatic retractable centre device according to claim 2, wherein: The shrink cylinder (2) has a connecting groove A on one side of its interior between the floating piston (23) and the inner wall. The interior of the shrink cylinder (2) is connected to the interior of the valve cylinder (3) through the connecting groove A.

4. An automatic retractable centre device according to claim 3, wherein: The shrink cylinder (2) has a connecting groove B on one side of its interior between the working piston (22) and the floating piston (23). The interior of the shrink cylinder (2) is connected to the interior of the diversion valve (4) through the connecting groove B.

5. An automatic retractable centre device according to claim 4, wherein: An impeller (41) is rotatably mounted inside the diversion valve (4), and the interior of the diversion valve (4) is connected to the interior of the valve cylinder (3) and the interior of the contraction cylinder (2) respectively.

6. The automatic telescopic tip device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission block (5) is provided with a flow pipe (51) inside. The upper port of the flow pipe (51) is connected to the inside of the diversion valve (4), and the lower port of the flow pipe (51) is connected to the inside of the pressure cylinder (6).

7. The automatic telescopic tip device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the pressure cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to an oil supply pipe (61), which is connected to an external oil reservoir. A pressure piston (62) is slidably installed inside the pressure cylinder (6).

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