Stay wire type electrical method ground disaster body monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ground disaster monitoring, in particular to a stay wire type electrical method ground disaster body monitoring device, which comprises a cable monitoring unit, a ground disaster body monitoring unit and a ground disaster body monitoring unit, the cable monitoring unit comprises a transmission cable and a cable loop in signal connection with the transmission cable, and two ends of the cable loop are respectively fixed on the ground disaster body; the microcontroller is in signal connection with the transmission cable and judges the on-off state of the cable loop according to the signal transmitted by the transmission cable; and the wireless communication module is in signal connection with the microcontroller, and when the microcontroller judges that the cable loop is disconnected, the wireless communication module sends an early warning signal. The arrangement and installation of each structure of the device are simple and easy to operate, the equipment cost is greatly reduced, the energy consumption is low, the power supply requirement is low, and popularization and application in various scenes are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geological disaster monitoring technology, and in particular to a wire-type electrical resistivity tomography geological disaster monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Geological disasters directly or indirectly endanger human safety and cause losses to social and economic development. Common geological disasters include landslides, mudslides, debris flows, ground fissures, ground subsidence, and ground collapse.

[0003] Detection of geological hazards includes displacement monitoring, stress monitoring, and water level monitoring. Common displacement monitoring methods include total station point displacement monitoring, BeiDou displacement monitoring, InSAR surface displacement monitoring, 3D laser scanner point displacement monitoring, distributed optical fiber, fiber optic grating monitoring, and TDR monitoring technology. The construction and installation of these monitoring devices are relatively complex, the equipment costs are high, and the power supply requirements are high, which limits their application scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this utility model proposes a pull-wire type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) geological disaster monitoring device.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is a pull-wire type electrical resistivity tomography (OTT) geological disaster monitoring device, comprising: a cable monitoring unit, which includes a transmission cable and a cable loop connected to the transmission cable, the two ends of the cable loop being fixed to the geological disaster body; a microcontroller, which is connected to the transmission cable and determines the continuity of the cable loop based on the signal transmitted by the transmission cable; and a wireless communication module, which is connected to the microcontroller, and sends an early warning signal when the microcontroller determines that the cable loop is disconnected.

[0006] Preferably, the cable loop is connected through a number of connectors.

[0007] Preferably, the connector is one of the following: a plug-in connector, a rotary connector, a snap-fit ​​connector, a spring-loaded PCB terminal block, or a bullet-shaped male-female mating terminal block.

[0008] Preferably, the cable monitoring unit further includes a disconnection detection element for sensing the continuity of the cable loop, and the transmission cable and the cable loop are connected through the disconnection detection element.

[0009] Preferably, the cable monitoring unit includes several cable loops, with both ends of the same cable loop fixed at the same horizontal height on the geological disaster body, and the several cable loops are evenly distributed on the geological disaster body along the vertical height direction.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes an energy module, which includes a power management component and a charging management component. The power management component supplies power to the monitoring device, and the charging management component charges the power management component.

[0011] Preferably, the system further includes a protection module disposed at the output end of the energy module, through which the energy module outputs electrical energy, and the protection module includes one or more of an overload protection structure, a short circuit protection structure, or a lightning strike protection structure.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes an interaction module, which is signal-connected to the microcontroller and / or the wireless communication module. The interaction module is used to output data from the monitoring device and to set parameters of the monitoring device.

[0013] Preferably, the wireless communication module includes a slot for inserting a SIM card, and the wireless communication module transmits information through the SIM card network.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a lockable waterproof case, and the microcontroller and wireless communication module are disposed inside the lockable waterproof case.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This utility model discloses a wire-type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) geological disaster monitoring device. It utilizes cable loops laid on the geological disaster body and monitors the deformation of the body in real time by controlling the continuity of these loops. When a geological disaster occurs, the cable loop breaks. The microcontroller acquires the breakage signal through the cable monitoring unit and generates an early warning message. Finally, the early warning message is remotely transmitted to designated equipment or personnel via a wireless communication module, achieving real-time monitoring and timely early warning of geological disasters. The cable loops and other components are simple to lay out and install, and the equipment cost is significantly lower than that of total stations, BeiDou receivers, 3D laser scanners, and time-domain reflectometer sensors. It also features low energy consumption, low power supply requirements, and is easy to promote and apply in various scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a guy wire electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) monitoring device for geological hazards deployed on a slope.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of 10 cable loops;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a microcontroller;

[0021] Figure 4This is a circuit diagram showing the disconnection of the detection element;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a wireless communication module;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a two-stage DC-DC step-down circuit;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the charging management component;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wireless communication module program download interface circuit;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the wireless communication module's operating status indicator circuit;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the charging detection circuit and the battery power detection circuit;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of a lockable waterproof box.

[0029] 10. Slope geological disaster bodies;

[0030] 20. Cable loop; 21. Transmission cable;

[0031] 30. Microcontroller;

[0032] 40. Wireless communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, a wire-type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) device for monitoring geological hazards is disclosed. The device includes a cable monitoring unit, a microcontroller 30, and a wireless communication module 40. The cable monitoring unit includes a transmission cable 21 and a cable loop 20. The cable loop 20 is signal-connected to the transmission cable 21, and both ends of the cable loop 20 are fixed to the geological hazard. The microcontroller 30 is signal-connected to the transmission cable 21 and determines the continuity of the cable loop 20 based on the signal transmitted by the transmission cable 21. The wireless communication module 40 is signal-connected to the microcontroller 30. When the microcontroller 30 determines that the cable loop 20 is disconnected, it sends a signal to the wireless communication module 40, which then sends an early warning signal. The geological hazard refers to a geological body or structure that may cause geological hazards, such as landslide-prone slopes, easily deformable retaining walls, and unstable rocks prone to rockfalls.

[0035] In use, the pull-wire type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) geological disaster monitoring device is placed on the geological disaster body to be monitored, with the cable loop 20 fixed to the disaster body at both ends. When a geological disaster such as a landslide, collapse, or rockfall occurs on the disaster body, the falling soil or rock will pull on the cable loop 20 during its descent, causing the cable loop 20 to break. The microcontroller 30 receives the signal that the cable loop 20 has broken through the transmission cable 21, and then sends a command signal to the wireless communication module 40. The wireless communication module 40 sends an early warning signal based on the command signal, and relevant personnel can quickly take countermeasures based on the early warning signal to reduce the losses caused by the geological disaster.

[0036] The pull-wire type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) geological disaster monitoring device in this embodiment monitors the deformation of the geological disaster body in real time by deploying a cable loop 20 on the disaster body and using the on / off state of the cable loop 20. When a geological disaster occurs, the cable loop 20 is broken, and the microcontroller 30 obtains the break signal through the cable monitoring unit and generates an early warning message. Finally, the early warning message is remotely transmitted to designated equipment or personnel through the wireless communication module 40, realizing real-time monitoring and timely early warning of geological disasters. The cable loop 20 and other structures are simple to deploy and install, and the equipment cost is significantly lower than that of total stations, Beidou receivers, 3D laser scanners, and time domain reflectometer sensors. It also features low energy consumption, low power supply requirements, and is easy to promote and apply in various scenarios.

[0037] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, the microcontroller can be an STM32F103 series microprocessor, etc. The STM32F103 series microprocessor is a 32-bit standard RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) processor based on the ARMv7-M architecture, offering high code efficiency and leveraging the high performance of the ARM core within the memory space of typical 8-bit and 16-bit systems. This series of microprocessors operates at a frequency of 72MHz, has up to 128KB of built-in Flash memory and 20KB of SRAM, and features abundant general-purpose I / O ports. This embodiment utilizes a processor with advantages of low power consumption and high stability.

[0038] In one embodiment, the cable loop is connected by several joints, which can connect cable segments into a cable loop, ensuring a reliable electrical path between each cable segment. Moreover, compared to a continuous cable, laying multiple joints in the cable loop provides convenience for breaking the cable in the event of a geological disaster. When the geological disaster body deforms, the joints can be flexibly disconnected without affecting the early warning function of the monitoring device.

[0039] In one embodiment, the connector can be a plug-in connector, a rotary connector, a snap-fit ​​connector, a spring-loaded PCB terminal block, or a bullet-shaped male-female mating terminal block, etc. A plug-in connector connects and disconnects via a simple insertion and removal action. A rotary connector connects and disconnects via a rotational action. A snap-fit ​​connector connects and disconnects via a snap-fit ​​mechanism. A spring-loaded PCB terminal block uses a spring instead of a screw as a fastener, connecting the wire to the conductive component via the spring. Unlike traditional screw-based wiring, it eliminates the screw, allowing wires to be connected directly or with the aid of tools. This improves wiring efficiency and effectively prevents screw loosening caused by mechanical vibrations from motors, etc. Bullet-shaped male-female mating terminals simply need to be pushed in to engage, making them easy to use. To ensure long-term reliability, the contacts can be made of highly conductive tin-plated copper; and chemical-resistant and crack-resistant nylon material is used as the insulating surface to maintain wiring safety. All of the aforementioned connectors provide convenient breakage during geological disasters, ensuring the realization of early warning functions.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, the cable monitoring unit also includes a disconnection detection element for sensing the continuity of the cable loop. The transmission cable and the cable loop are connected through the disconnection detection element. The disconnection detection element can be an optocoupler (PC817), a Hall sensor, a mechanical switch, etc., which can accurately sense the continuity of the cable loop and then transmit the continuity signal to the microcontroller through the transmission cable. The PC817 provides complete isolation between upstream and downstream circuits, preventing mutual interference and ensuring complete isolation between the front end and the load. This increases safety, reduces circuit interference, and simplifies circuit design. The PC817 primarily serves as a front-to-back isolation unit and for signal transmission. By intermittently closing the power supply port, the PC817 can detect changes in the square wave signal at the output, thereby determining whether each cable is broken.

[0041] In one embodiment, the cable monitoring unit includes several cable loops 20, with both ends of the same cable loop 20 fixed at the same horizontal height on the disaster body, and the several cable loops 20 are evenly distributed on the disaster body along the vertical height direction.

[0042] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cable monitoring unit includes 10 cable loops 20, each connected to the transmission cable 21 via a unique disconnection detection element, meaning the cable monitoring unit includes 10 disconnection detection elements. The same cable loop 20 is positioned at the same horizontal level on the geological disaster body, for example, on the same slope of the geological disaster body 10, and fixed at both ends to ensure stable placement and continuous, reliable monitoring of slope deformation. The 10 cable loops 20 are evenly distributed on 10 different slopes of the geological disaster body 10, continuously and reliably monitoring the deformation of different slopes. The 10 disconnection detection elements promptly transmit on / off signals to the microcontroller 30, allowing the microcontroller 30 to determine whether to send a command to the wireless communication module 40 to issue an early warning signal. In other embodiments, the number of cable loops can be specifically designed according to the size of the geological disaster body, and the arrangement direction and spacing of the cable loops can also be determined based on the possible deformation of the geological disaster body.

[0043] In one embodiment, the wire-type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) geological disaster monitoring device further includes an energy module, which includes a power management component and a charging management component. The power management component supplies power to the monitoring device, and the charging management component charges the power management component.

[0044] Specifically, the power management components may include lithium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, or other types of batteries to provide a continuous power supply. They may also employ a DC-DC step-down method to power the monitoring device, such as using a two-stage DC-DC step-down circuit to reduce the battery output voltage to the operating voltage required by the various components of the monitoring device, thus providing stable power. Figure 6 As shown, a two-stage DC-DC step-down converter is used to reduce the battery voltage to 4V for use by the wireless communication module and to 3.6V for use by the microcontroller. The power management component may also include a power distribution circuit to distribute power to various parts of the monitoring device, such as the cable monitoring unit, wireless communication module, and microcontroller.

[0045] The charging management components may include solar panels, charging controllers, battery management systems (BMS), and energy storage batteries to use solar energy to charge the power management components, ensuring that the monitoring device can continue to operate without an external power source.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the charging management component can employ circuits such as the CN3722. The CN3722 is a PWM buck-mode charging management integrated circuit that can be powered by a solar cell and features solar cell maximum power point tracking. The CN3722 is suitable for charging management of single or multiple lithium-ion or lithium iron phosphate batteries, offering advantages such as small package size, fewer external components, and ease of use. The CN3722 features constant current and constant voltage charging modes, making it ideal for charging lithium-ion or lithium iron phosphate batteries. In constant voltage charging mode, the constant voltage charging voltage is set by an external resistor divider network; in constant current charging mode, the charging current is set by an external resistor. For deeply discharged batteries, when the battery voltage is lower than 66.7% of the set constant voltage charging voltage, the CN3722 trickles the battery with 15% of the set constant current charging current. During the constant voltage charging phase, the charging current gradually decreases, and when the charging current decreases to 9.5% of the set constant current charging current, the charging process ends. When the input power supply fails or the input voltage is lower than the battery voltage, the CN3722 automatically enters a low-power sleep mode. The CN3722 also features other functions such as input low voltage latch-up, battery temperature monitoring, battery overvoltage protection, and charging status indication.

[0047] In one embodiment, the pull-wire type electrical fault monitoring device further includes a protection module located at the output end of the energy module. The energy module outputs electrical energy through the protection module, which includes one or more of the following: overload protection structure, short-circuit protection structure, or lightning protection structure. For example, a DV1-10 10-channel ceramic gas discharge tube SMB90XM is used as the lightning protection device for the cable. The ceramic gas discharge tube is a switching type overvoltage lightning protection device. Its interior consists of one or more sealed devices filled with inert gases such as argon and neon through gaps. When the voltage at both ends reaches a level that causes the gas inside the discharge tube to break down, the ceramic gas discharge tube begins to discharge, changing from high impedance to low impedance, rapidly short-circuiting the surge voltage to zero voltage, and releasing it to the ground through current, thereby protecting the subsequent circuits. The ceramic gas discharge tube has the advantages of high insulation resistance, small parasitic capacitance, and strong surge protection capability. Before breakdown, the ceramic gas discharge tube is equivalent to an open circuit with a very high resistance and no or very small leakage current, which does not affect the normal operation of the line; after breakdown, it is equivalent to a short circuit, allowing a large current to pass through with a very small voltage drop. Ceramic gas discharge tubes have a large pulse current capacity (peak current), ranging from approximately 2.5kA to 100kA, and possess bidirectional symmetrical characteristics. The protection module may also include reverse polarity protection circuits, power isolation circuits, charging shutdown protection circuits, and energy dissipation channel circuits.

[0048] In one embodiment, the pull-wire type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) geological disaster monitoring device further includes an interaction module. The interaction module is signal-connected to a microcontroller and / or a wireless communication module. The interaction module is used to output data from the monitoring device to external devices, such as computers, data servers, or cloud platforms. Common interface types include USB, RS232, RS485, and Ethernet interfaces. The interaction module is also used to set parameters of the monitoring device, such as monitoring frequency and threshold settings, which can be done via physical buttons, DIP switches, or a software interface.

[0049] Specifically, the interaction module may include a wireless communication module program download interface circuit, such as... Figure 8 As shown, this is used to download programs or firmware to the wireless communication module, ensuring that the wireless communication module can function properly and be updated. The interaction module may also include a wireless communication module operating status indicator circuit, such as... Figure 9 As shown, this is used to indicate the operating status of the wireless communication module, such as power-on, connection, and data transmission. The interaction module may also include a charging detection circuit and a battery power detection circuit, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the charging detection circuit is used to detect the charging status of the battery in the power management component, such as whether it is charging and the magnitude of the charging current; the battery power detection circuit is used to detect the remaining battery power to ensure that a warning is issued or appropriate measures are taken when the power is low.

[0050] In one embodiment, the wireless communication module includes a slot for inserting a SIM card, so that when the monitoring device detects a cable loop break, the wireless communication module sends a warning signal via the SIM card network. The wireless communication module also includes circuit connections integrating communication modules such as GSM / GPRS / 4G to ensure the stable implementation of the SIM card information push function. Corresponding communication protocols and software are designed to remotely and instantly push warning information when multiple channels of cable breakage occur via the SIM card network, ensuring that the warning signal can be quickly transmitted to the designated data backend client or the mobile phone of relevant personnel.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the wireless communication module can include a 4G CAT1 module, such as the WH-G401tf. The WH-G401tf is a single-mode LTE Cat.1 networking communication module. This module has comprehensive software functions, covering most common application scenarios. Users can achieve bidirectional transparent data transmission from the serial port to the network with simple settings. The module supports custom registration packets, heartbeat packet functions, and 4-way socket connections, enabling faster transmission of user data to the network. The hardware architecture complexity of the 4G Cat.1 terminal side is reduced, allowing for effective management of power consumption modules and thus reducing overall system power consumption. Compared to 2G and 3G, the openCPU-based mode results in lower overall hardware costs, approximately 40% lower than Cat.4, and a price advantage over existing market products. Leveraging the excellent network coverage of 4G, it effectively avoids the risks associated with the decommissioning of 2G / 3G networks and covers a wider area. Operators do not need to upgrade their networks; only network-side configuration is required to access LTE Cat.1 terminals. Overall, it boasts advantages such as low power consumption, low cost, wide coverage, and easy deployment.

[0052] In one embodiment, the pull-wire type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) geological disaster monitoring device also includes a lockable waterproof box. The microcontroller, wireless communication module, energy module, and interaction module are housed inside the lockable waterproof box, effectively preventing rainwater, moisture, and other liquids, as well as dust, sand, and other particles, from entering the box. This protects the internal electronic components from moisture damage, reduces equipment failures caused by dust accumulation, and ensures long-term stable operation of the monitoring device. The lockable design increases physical security, preventing unauthorized personnel from opening the box, protecting the equipment from vandalism and theft, and ensuring data integrity and equipment security. Specifically, such as... Figure 11 As shown, lockable waterproof cases can be made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials such as ABS plastic, stainless steel, or aluminum alloy. The lid and body are fitted with a waterproof sealing ring (usually made of rubber) to ensure a tight seal and prevent water and dust from entering. Lockable waterproof cases can use mechanical or electronic locks to ensure that only authorized personnel can open the case.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the terms "Embodiment 1," "this embodiment," or "in one embodiment," etc., indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example; moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," "setting," and "having" are interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In the description of this specification, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0056] The above description of the embodiments is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and apply the technology of this invention. Those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these examples and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Modifications in the following situations should be within the scope of protection of this invention: ① New technical solutions implemented based on the technical solution of this utility model and combined with existing common knowledge, where the technical effects of the new technical solution do not exceed the technical effects of this utility model; ② Equivalent substitutions of some features of the technical solution of this utility model using known technology, resulting in the same technical effects as those of this utility model; ③ Extendable technical solutions based on the technical solution of this utility model, where the substantive content of the extended technical solution does not exceed the technical solution of this utility model; ④ Equivalent transformations made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields.

Claims

1. A wire-type electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) device for monitoring geological disasters, characterized in that, include: A cable monitoring unit includes a transmission cable and a cable loop connected to the transmission cable for signal transmission, with both ends of the cable loop fixed to the geological disaster body. A microcontroller is connected to the transmission cable and determines the continuity of the cable circuit based on the signals transmitted through the transmission cable. A wireless communication module is connected to the microcontroller. When the microcontroller determines that the cable loop is broken, the wireless communication module sends a warning signal.

2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable circuit is connected through several connectors.

3. The monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connector is one of the following: plug-in connector, rotary connector, snap-fit ​​connector, spring-loaded PCB terminal block, or bullet-shaped male-female mating terminal block.

4. The monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cable monitoring unit also includes a disconnection detection element for sensing the continuity of the cable loop, and the transmission cable and the cable loop are connected through the disconnection detection element.

5. The monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The cable monitoring unit includes several cable loops, with both ends of the same cable loop fixed at the same horizontal height on the geological disaster body, and the several cable loops are evenly distributed on the geological disaster body along the vertical height direction.

6. The monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an energy module, which includes a power management component and a charging management component. The power management component supplies power to the monitoring device, and the charging management component charges the power management component.

7. The monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a protection module installed at the output end of the energy module, through which the energy module outputs electrical energy, and the protection module includes one or more of the following: overload protection structure, short circuit protection structure, or lightning protection structure.

8. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an interaction module, which is signal-connected to the microcontroller and / or wireless communication module. The interaction module is used to output data from the monitoring device and to set parameters of the monitoring device.

9. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless communication module includes a slot for inserting a SIM card, and the wireless communication module transmits information through the SIM card network.

10. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lockable waterproof case, inside which the microcontroller and wireless communication module are housed.

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