1G-40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of PIN switches, and particularly discloses a 1G-40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch, which comprises a plurality of microwave signal input ends, a microwave signal output end, a PIN switch, a plurality of feed circuits and a driving circuit, and is characterized in that the output ends of the feed circuits are respectively connected with the input ends of the PIN switch and the microwave signal input ends; the input end of the feed circuit is connected with the output end of the drive circuit, and the output end of the PIN switch is connected with the microwave signal output end; the driving circuit comprises a driver, a resistor and a capacitor, the input end of the driver is connected with an external control TTL signal, the positive power supply pin of the driver is connected with a positive power supply, the negative power supply pin of the driver is connected with a negative power supply, and the output end of the driver is connected with one end of the resistor and one end of the capacitor. The input end of the feed circuit is connected with the other end of the resistor and the other end of the capacitor. The problems that an existing switch is narrow in coverage frequency, high in cost and slow in switching time are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PIN switch technology, and specifically discloses a 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, microwave communication systems have increasingly higher bandwidth requirements. Currently, conventional solid-state switches have a narrow frequency coverage, typically only covering a certain frequency band, such as 1GHz-2GHz, 2GHz-6GHz, 6GHz-18GHz, and 18GHz-40GHz, making it difficult to achieve fast switching between multiple frequency bands. While mechanical switches can cover a wider frequency range, their principle is to complete signal switching through physical switching. Implementing single-pole multi-throw switches is technically difficult and costly, and the switching time is long, reaching the millisecond level.

[0003] For example, a microwave communication system contains eight antennas with microwave signal frequencies of three groups (1GHz-1.5GHz, three groups (3GHz-5GHz), and two groups (17GHz-22GHz). All eight microwave signals need to enter the same receiving device, requiring a single-pole eight-throw switch to select the microwave signal during switching. Using a conventional solid-state switch for signal selection results in incomplete frequency coverage, while using a mechanical switch is costly and has a slow switching time. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch to solve the problems of narrow frequency coverage, high cost and slow switching time of existing switches.

[0005] The specific solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch includes multiple microwave signal input terminals, microwave signal output terminals, a PIN switch, a multi-channel power supply circuit, and a driving circuit. The output terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the PIN switch and the microwave signal input terminal, respectively. The input terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the output terminal of the driving circuit, and the output terminal of the PIN switch is connected to the microwave signal output terminal.

[0007] The drive circuit includes a driver, a resistor, and a capacitor. The input terminal of the driver is connected to an external control TTL signal, the positive power supply pin of the driver is connected to a positive power supply, the negative power supply pin of the driver is connected to a negative power supply, the output terminal of the driver is connected to one end of the resistor and one end of the capacitor, and the input terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the other end of the resistor and the other end of the capacitor.

[0008] In some embodiments, the resistor is a thick-film fixed resistor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit includes a power supply inductor and a filter capacitor. One end of the filter capacitor is connected to one end of the power supply inductor and the output terminal of the drive circuit, respectively. The other end of the filter capacitor is grounded. The other end of the power supply inductor is connected to the input terminal of the PIN switch and the microwave signal input terminal, respectively.

[0010] In some embodiments, the feed inductor is a wideband tapered inductor.

[0011] In some embodiments, the PIN switch includes a multi-channel PIN switch circuit and an output inductor. The PIN switch circuit includes a first PIN diode, a second PIN diode, a third PIN diode, and a fourth PIN diode. The anode of the first PIN diode is connected to one end of the output inductor and the microwave signal output terminal, respectively. The cathode of the first PIN diode is connected to the other end of the feed inductor, the anode of the second PIN diode, the anode of the third PIN diode, the anode of the fourth PIN diode, and the microwave signal input terminal, respectively. The cathodes of the second PIN diode, the third PIN diode, and the fourth PIN diode are all grounded.

[0012] In some embodiments, each PIN switch circuit is disposed in a separate slot.

[0013] In some embodiments, the width of the partition groove is less than 1.5 mm.

[0014] In some embodiments, the depth of the partition groove is less than 2 mm.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This utility model provides a positive or negative voltage to the power supply circuit through a driving circuit, thereby providing a positive or negative bias to the PIN diode in the PIN switch circuit, realizing rapid switching of various frequency bands, increasing the frequency coverage of the switch, reducing costs, shortening the switching time, and reducing the types of microwave switches in the microwave communication system, thus improving reliability and maintainability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the PIN switch and power supply circuit in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the driving circuit in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1- PIN switch, 2- power supply circuit, 3- drive circuit, 4- PIN switch circuit, 5- driver. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific implementation method is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes eight microwave signal input terminals IN, microwave signal output terminals OUT, PIN switch 1, eight-way power supply circuit 2, and drive circuit 3. The output terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the PIN switch and the microwave signal input terminal IN, respectively. The input terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the output terminal V1 of the drive circuit, and the output terminal of the PIN switch is connected to the microwave signal output terminal OUT.

[0024] The driving circuit 3 includes a driver 5, a resistor R1, and a capacitor C0. The input terminal of the driver is connected to the external control TTL signal T1. The positive power supply pin of the driver is connected to the positive power supply VDD, and the negative power supply pin of the driver is connected to the negative power supply VEE. The output terminal of the driver is connected to one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the capacitor C0, respectively. The input terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and the other end of the capacitor C0, respectively.

[0025] By providing a positive or negative voltage to the power supply circuit 2 through the driving circuit 3, a positive or negative bias is provided to the PIN diode in the PIN switch circuit 4, enabling rapid switching of various frequency bands, increasing the coverage frequency width, reducing costs, shortening the switching time, and reducing the types of microwave switches in the microwave communication system, thereby improving reliability and maintainability.

[0026] Among them, driver 5 is a CMOS-PIN transistor driver.

[0027] Driver circuit 3 is used because the normal TTL level is +5V / 0V, which only satisfies the forward bias of the PIN diode. To simultaneously satisfy both the forward and negative bias of the PIN diode, driver circuit 3 needs to convert the TTL level to both positive and negative levels. When the external control TTL signal T1 is high, the output terminal V1 of the driver circuit outputs a positive voltage; when the external control TTL signal T1 is low, the output terminal V1 of the driver circuit outputs a negative voltage, thus meeting the requirements for positive and negative power supply to the PIN diode switch.

[0028] In some embodiments, the resistor is a thick-film fixed resistor. The thick-film fixed resistor is an RMK1608 series thick-film fixed resistor.

[0029] Using thick-film fixed resistors can reduce the resistance value and increase the DC bias current, thereby improving the inter-circuit isolation.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power supply circuit 2 includes a power supply inductor L1 and a filter capacitor C1. One end of the filter capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the power supply inductor L1 and the output terminal V1 of the drive circuit, respectively. The other end of the filter capacitor C1 is grounded. The other end of the power supply inductor L1 is connected to the input terminal of the PIN switch and the microwave signal input terminal IN, respectively.

[0031] When the microwave signal is on from the microwave signal input terminal IN to the microwave signal output terminal OUT, the first PIN diode D1, the second PIN diode D2, the third PIN diode D3, and the fourth PIN diode D4 all need to be forward biased, requiring a negative feed voltage from the output terminal V1 of the drive circuit. When the microwave signal is off from the microwave signal input terminal IN to the microwave signal output terminal OUT, the first PIN diode D1, the second PIN diode D2, the third PIN diode D3, and the fourth PIN diode D4 all need to be reverse biased, requiring a positive feed voltage from the output terminal V1 of the drive circuit. Furthermore, since this invention covers a frequency range of 1GHz to 40GHz, a broadband feed circuit 2 is required to feed the PIN diodes.

[0032] In some embodiments, the feed inductor L1 is a wideband tapered inductor.

[0033] Conventional inductors cannot meet the requirements of broadband, and their self-resonant frequency will affect the signal fluctuation within the band. In order to prevent the influence of inductor self-resonance on the channel, a broadband tapered inductor L1 is used to prevent the influence of inductor self-resonance on the channel.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, PIN switch 1 includes an eight-channel PIN switch circuit 4 and an output inductor LO. PIN switch circuit 4 includes a first PIN diode D1, a second PIN diode D2, a third PIN diode D3, and a fourth PIN diode D4. The anode of the first PIN diode D1 is connected to one end of the output inductor LO and the microwave signal output terminal OUT, respectively. The cathode of the first PIN diode D1 is connected to the other end of the feed inductor L1, the anode of the second PIN diode D2, the anode of the third PIN diode D3, the anode of the fourth PIN diode D4, and the microwave signal input terminal IN, respectively. The cathodes of the second PIN diode D2, the third PIN diode D3, and the fourth PIN diode D4 are all grounded.

[0035] PIN switch 1 is the most important component of a single-pole multiple-throw switch, and it consists of multiple PIN diodes. The structure of a PIN diode includes a P-region and an N-region, with a relatively wide undoped intrinsic region I-region sandwiched between the P-region and the N-region. The P-region is doped with trivalent impurities, and the N-region is doped with pentavalent impurities.

[0036] The microwave impedance of a PIN diode depends on the polarity and magnitude of the DC bias, and is almost independent of the microwave signal amplitude. When forward biased, a PIN diode presents a linear resistance to the microwave signal, determined by the DC bias. Under forward bias, the resistance of a PIN diode is very small, approaching a short circuit; under reverse bias, its resistance is very large, approaching an open circuit. Therefore, based on this characteristic of PIN diodes, the switching on and off of the PIN diode can be controlled by providing forward or reverse bias, thereby enabling the switching on and off of the microwave signal.

[0037] In some embodiments, each PIN switch circuit is disposed in a separate slot.

[0038] Since the coverage frequency of this utility model is very wide, with the highest frequency reaching 40GHz, spatial leakage can lead to a decrease in isolation. Therefore, a separator is used to separate each PIN switch circuit to improve the inter-circuit isolation.

[0039] In some embodiments, the width of the partition groove is less than 1.5 mm.

[0040] In some embodiments, the depth of the partition groove is less than 2 mm.

[0041] This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model shall be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch, characterized in that: It includes multiple microwave signal input terminals, microwave signal output terminals, a PIN switch, a multi-channel power supply circuit, and a driving circuit. The output terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the PIN switch and the microwave signal input terminal, respectively. The input terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the output terminal of the driving circuit, and the output terminal of the PIN switch is connected to the microwave signal output terminal. The driving circuit includes a driver, a resistor, and a capacitor. The input terminal of the driver is connected to an external control TTL signal, the positive power supply pin of the driver is connected to a positive power supply, the negative power supply pin of the driver is connected to a negative power supply, the output terminal of the driver is connected to one end of the resistor and one end of the capacitor, and the input terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the other end of the resistor and the other end of the capacitor.

2. The 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistor is a thick-film fixed resistor.

3. The 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes a power supply inductor and a filter capacitor. One end of the filter capacitor is connected to one end of the power supply inductor and the output terminal of the drive circuit, respectively. The other end of the filter capacitor is grounded. The other end of the power supply inductor is connected to the input terminal of the PIN switch and the microwave signal input terminal, respectively.

4. A 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feed inductor is a wideband tapered inductor.

5. A 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The PIN switch includes a multi-channel PIN switch circuit and an output inductor. The PIN switch circuit includes a first PIN diode, a second PIN diode, a third PIN diode, and a fourth PIN diode. The anode of the first PIN diode is connected to one end of the output inductor and the microwave signal output terminal, respectively. The cathode of the first PIN diode is connected to the other end of the feed inductor, the anode of the second PIN diode, the anode of the third PIN diode, the anode of the fourth PIN diode, and the microwave signal input terminal, respectively. The cathodes of the second PIN diode, the third PIN diode, and the fourth PIN diode are all grounded.

6. A 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned PIN switch circuits is respectively housed in a partition slot.

7. A 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the dividing groove is less than 1.5 mm.

8. A 1G~40G broadband single-pole eight-throw switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depth of the dividing groove is less than 2 mm.

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