Intelligent dynamic pressure sore prevention nursing bed

Abstract

The utility model relates to an intelligent dynamic pressure sore prevention nursing bed which comprises a bed frame, a lifting seat, a supporting column array and a control system. The lifting seat is arranged at the top of the bedstead, and an electric lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom and comprises at least four main electric push rods arranged at four corners of the bedstead. The supporting column array is composed of a plurality of cylindrical supporting columns, and a supporting electric push rod is arranged at the bottom of each supporting column. The control system comprises a main control circuit board, a pressure sensor installed at the top end of the supporting column and action sensors installed on the periphery of the bed frame. A control box is arranged at the side end of the bed frame, detachable vital sign monitoring belts are arranged on the two sides of the bed frame, optical sensors and temperature sensors are integrated in the monitoring belts, and the monitoring belts communicate with a control system through wireless transmission modules. According to the pressure sore prevention bed, the supporting structure can be dynamically adjusted according to pressure and action information, fitting supporting and vital sign collection are achieved, the intelligent nursing level is improved, and the problems that a traditional pressure sore prevention bed is slow in response and inaccurate in adjustment and depends on wearable equipment are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical devices, specifically relating to an intelligent dynamic pressure ulcer prevention nursing bed. Background Technology

[0002] Patients who are bedridden for extended periods are highly susceptible to pressure sores due to prolonged pressure on specific areas of their body. To reduce the incidence of pressure sores, various pressure-resistant mattresses or nursing bed structures have been proposed in existing technologies. One common method is to use an inflatable air mattress, which distributes body pressure by periodically inflating and deflating. However, because these mattresses typically regulate air pressure over a general area, they cannot achieve localized adjustment for specific areas of concentrated pressure, making it difficult to truly achieve "precise pressure relief." Some air mattresses also suffer from uneven inflation, excessive noise, and loss of function after air leakage, seriously affecting patient comfort and safety.

[0003] Another type of product uses a mechanical structure to raise and lower a portion of the bed surface to change the shape of the support surface, achieving a certain degree of positional adaptation. However, due to the lack of precision in the adjustment structure, the response time is slow, making it difficult to adapt to changes in the patient's behavior such as turning over or moving in real time. In addition, although some existing nursing beds integrate sensor systems to obtain patient position information, the sensor layout is relatively sparse, the data collection is not comprehensive, and the control logic is simple, making it difficult to achieve dynamic and coordinated adjustments to the bed surface structure.

[0004] Meanwhile, current nursing beds rarely integrate vital sign monitoring functions effectively with the bed structure, mostly relying on independent wearable devices. This makes it difficult to guarantee the stability and accuracy of continuous wear for elderly or critically ill patients. Therefore, how to improve the response accuracy of the support structure, data acquisition density, and the level of intelligent nursing care while ensuring comfortable support remains a problem that current technologies urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an intelligent dynamic pressure ulcer prevention nursing bed, which effectively solves problems such as inaccurate pressure adjustment, slow response speed, inability to adapt to changes in patient position in real time, and reliance on external wearable devices for vital sign monitoring in existing pressure ulcer prevention equipment.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is as follows:

[0007] A smart dynamic pressure ulcer prevention and care bed includes a bed frame, a lifting seat, a support column array, and a control system.

[0008] The lifting seat is located at the top of the bed frame, and an electric lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the lifting seat. The electric lifting mechanism includes at least four main electric push rods, which are respectively located at the four corners of the bed frame.

[0009] The support column array consists of several support columns, each of which is cylindrical in shape, and each support column has a support electric push rod at its bottom.

[0010] The control system includes a main control circuit board, a pressure sensor, and a motion sensor. A control box is installed on the side of the bed frame, the main control circuit board is installed inside the control box, the pressure sensor is fixed to the top of the support column, and the motion sensor is installed around the bed frame.

[0011] The bed frame is equipped with detachable vital sign monitoring belts on both sides. The vital sign monitoring belts integrate optical sensors and temperature sensors and communicate with the control system through a wireless transmission module.

[0012] Preferably, the main body of the main electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bed frame, and the end of the main electric push rod is fixedly connected to the lifting seat.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the lifting seat is fixedly connected to a mounting base, the bottom end of the supporting electric push rod is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the top end of the supporting electric push rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding support column.

[0014] Preferably, the support columns are arranged in a rectangular array, with a center-to-center distance of 2-3 cm between adjacent support columns.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the support column is covered with a medical silicone layer, the medical silicone layer having a thickness of 2-5 mm, and the surface having uniformly distributed breathable micropores, the pore diameter of which is 0.5-1 mm and the pore spacing being 2-3 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the control box contains a main control circuit board, a power management module, and a signal conditioning circuit. An STM32F407 microcontroller chip is soldered onto the main control circuit board, and the chip's GPIO pins are connected to the motor drivers supporting each electric push rod via FPC cables. The signal conditioning circuit includes an AD620 instrumentation amplifier, whose input is connected to a pressure sensor at the top of the support column via a shielded twisted-pair cable, and whose output is connected to the ADC pin of the microcontroller chip. A vital signs monitoring module is connected to the microcontroller chip via an I2C bus. The power management module includes an XL6009 DC-DC converter, whose input is connected to an external 24V power interface, and whose output provides 5V and 3.3V voltages respectively. The control box has LED status indicators and an emergency stop button on the front, and an RS485 communication interface and a power interface on the rear.

[0017] Preferably, the pressure sensor is a thin-film pressure sensor, model FlexiForce A201, with a range of 0-100N and an accuracy of ±2.5%FS; the motion sensor is a triaxial accelerometer, model ADXL345, with an installation spacing of 50-80cm; the optical sensor is a reflective photoelectric sensor, model MAX30102, containing dual light sources of red light (660nm) and infrared light (880nm); the temperature sensor is a medical-grade patch temperature sensor, model TMP117, with a measurement range of 25℃-50℃ and an accuracy of ±0.1℃; and the wireless transmission module is a Bluetooth 5.0 low-power module, model DA14580, with a transmission distance of 10 meters.

[0018] This utility model has a novel structure, ingenious design, and is simple and convenient to operate. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. This device enables stable and synchronous overall lifting and adjustment of the entire bed surface by setting a lifting seat at the top of the bed frame and equipping the four corners of the bed frame with main electric push rods, which facilitates operation by medical staff and allows patients to get in and out of bed, thereby improving nursing efficiency and safety.

[0020] 2. This device adopts a rectangular array of multiple support columns and an independent electric support rod at the bottom of each support column to achieve high-density distribution and independent drive control of the bed support unit. With the pressure sensor installed on the top of the support column and the motion sensor around the bed frame, the pressure distribution and movement status of the patient's body can be accurately acquired, thereby realizing local dynamic adjustment of the support surface and improving decompression accuracy.

[0021] 3. This device features detachable vital sign monitoring belts on both sides of the bed frame. The monitoring belts integrate optical and temperature sensors and communicate with the control system via a wireless module. Without affecting the patient's activity and comfort, the device achieves integrated vital sign monitoring with the bed, avoiding the problems of inconvenience or unstable data from traditional wearable devices. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is the first axonometric view of an intelligent dynamic pressure ulcer prevention nursing bed according to this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a second axonometric view of an intelligent dynamic pressure ulcer prevention nursing bed according to this utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the supporting electric push rod and its connecting components of an intelligent dynamic pressure ulcer prevention nursing bed according to this utility model.

[0025] In the attached diagram: 1-bed frame, 2-lifting seat, 3-control box, 4-main electric push rod, 5-support column, 6-mounting seat, 7-support electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model provides an intelligent dynamic pressure ulcer prevention nursing bed, including a bed frame 1, a lifting seat 2, a support column array, and a control system. The bed frame 1 is a rectangular frame structure made of aluminum alloy profiles or steel structure, with casters and a braking device at the bottom for easy movement and positioning of the bed. The lifting seat 2 is horizontally set at the top of the bed frame 1 to support the support column array and mounting base 6. Main electric push rods 4 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the lifting seat 2. The lower end of the main electric push rod 4 is fixedly connected to the bed frame 1 by bolts, and the upper end is connected to the lifting seat 2, used to drive the lifting seat to lift as a whole, adjusting the bed height for easy medical and nursing operations or patient getting in and out of bed.

[0028] A mounting base 6 is fixed below the lifting seat 2, and several supporting electric push rods 7 are evenly installed on the mounting base 6. The supporting electric push rods 7 are small linear electric push rods, with their lower ends fixed to the mounting base 6 and their upper ends connected to cylindrical support columns 5. Multiple support columns 5 form a dense array, arranged in a regular rectangular pattern, with a center-to-center distance of 2-3 cm between adjacent support columns to ensure high-density support and fine adjustment capability. The top of the support column 5 is covered with a flexible medical silicone layer, with a thickness of 2-5 mm. The surface has breathable micropores with a diameter of 0.5-1 mm and a spacing of 2-3 mm to improve breathability and user comfort.

[0029] Each support column 5 is fixedly equipped with a thin-film pressure sensor, model FlexiForce A201, to collect the force at the corresponding point. Multiple sets of motion sensors, preferably ADXL345 triaxial accelerometers, are symmetrically installed around the bed frame 1, with an installation spacing of 50-80 cm, to monitor changes in patient position or movement. A control box 3 is located on one side of the bed frame 1. The control box 3 contains a main control circuit board, a power management module, and a signal conditioning circuit. An STM32F407 microcontroller chip is soldered onto the main control circuit board, and its GPIO pins are connected to the motor drivers of all the supporting electric push rods 7 via FPC cables, enabling precise control of the lifting and lowering movements of each support column.

[0030] Control box 3 also integrates an AD620 instrumentation amplifier for processing sensor signals. Its input is connected to the pressure sensors at the top of each support column via shielded twisted-pair cables, and its output is connected to the ADC pin of the microcontroller. The motion sensors communicate with the main control circuit board via I2C or SPI interfaces. Removable vital sign monitoring straps are located on both sides of the bed frame 1, embedding MAX30102 reflective optical sensors and TMP117 temperature sensors. They communicate wirelessly with the control system via a DA14580 Bluetooth module, enabling wearable heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature data acquisition.

[0031] To further enhance usability and system interactivity, this invention adds an embedded touchscreen display to the control box or bed frame. This touchscreen communicates with the main control chip via SPI or UART bus, achieving the following functions: First, it displays the working status and pressure distribution of the support columns across the entire bed surface in real time using a graphical interface. Users can select different areas (such as head, back, legs, etc.) to adjust the height of corresponding support columns individually or in batches for area control. Second, it displays heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature data collected by the vital signs monitoring belt in real time, and allows setting the data refresh rate and display mode. Third, it has an alarm function. When the pressure sensor continuously detects abnormal pressure in a certain area (such as continuous high pressure), or when vital signs exceed the warning threshold (such as abnormal heart rate or high body temperature), the system automatically issues an audible and visual alarm to remind medical staff to handle the situation promptly, improving nursing safety. This display and control system has a simple structure and intuitive operation. It can be managed locally or integrated with hospital information systems, exhibiting good practicality and scalability.

[0032] When the patient lies on the nursing bed, pressure sensors at the top of the support columns collect real-time force information at each contact point and send the data to the main control circuit board via a conditioning circuit. The main control system analyzes the pressure distribution at each point using algorithms and sends control commands to the corresponding electric support rods 7 to dynamically adjust the height of the support columns, so that the bed surface forms a support structure that conforms to the patient's body curve, achieving pressure equalization and decompression. If the patient turns over or moves to the side, the motion sensors around the bed frame can immediately capture the posture change signal. Based on this, the system determines the area of ​​positional change and controls the relevant support columns to respond and adjust quickly, ensuring that the support surface always dynamically matches the patient's position, effectively reducing the risk of pressure ulcers and improving comfort.

[0033] Furthermore, the main electric push rod 4 is fixedly installed on the four corner support parts of the bed frame 1 by bolts or welding. The push rod end of the main electric push rod 4 is fixedly connected to the four corner parts of the lifting seat 2 through connecting flanges. The direction of the push rod's axis of motion is consistent with the vertical direction of the bed frame 1. When powered on, the main electric push rod 4 can extend and retract synchronously, driving the lifting seat 2 to move up and down as a whole, thereby realizing the adjustment of the bed surface height within a certain range. The adjustment stroke is usually 30 to 70 centimeters, which can adapt to the needs of patients of different body types and nursing operations. The lifting process is smooth and requires no manual intervention, improving nursing efficiency and safety.

[0034] The bottom surface of the lifting seat 2 is fixed with a metal frame or rigid mounting plate as a mounting base 6, which is used to support and fix several supporting electric push rods 7. The bottom end of the supporting electric push rod 7 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 6 by bolt or pin structure, and its push rod end is connected to the bottom of the corresponding support column 5. The connection part can use a slot-type positioning structure and screw reinforcement to ensure that the support column is stable and reliable and does not shake during the lifting process.

[0035] The support columns 5 are all made of high-strength medical-grade plastic or aluminum alloy, and are cylindrical in shape, arranged in a regular rectangular array. The array layout is evenly distributed on the upper surface of the lifting seat 2. The center-to-center distance between adjacent support columns 5 is controlled between 2 and 3 centimeters to ensure the formation of high-density independent support units at different contact points of the patient's body. Through a reasonable support column spacing design, the bed surface can accurately fit the curve of the human body without sacrificing breathability and softness. Under overall control, the support column array forms a dynamic support surface composed of multiple vertical drive units, which can be adjusted independently or in conjunction with the instructions output by the control system to adapt the bed surface to different patient positions and achieve effective pressure ulcer prevention support function.

[0036] Furthermore, the top of the support column 5 is covered with a flexible medical silicone layer, which is 2 to 5 millimeters thick. This silicone layer enhances the softness and comfort for patients during contact, preventing secondary pressure injuries caused by an overly hard support column surface. The silicone layer is fixed to the top of the support column by heat pressing or bonding, making it resistant to detachment. To ensure the breathability and humidity regulation of the bed surface, the silicone layer has uniformly distributed micropores with a pore diameter of 0.5 to 1 millimeter and a spacing of 2 to 3 millimeters. This effectively improves air circulation on the bed surface, reduces the accumulation of sweat and moisture, and thus lowers the incidence of pressure ulcers, making it suitable for patients who are bedridden for extended periods.

[0037] The control system is centrally integrated into the control box 3 on one side of the bed frame. The control box 3 is made of metal or ABS engineering plastic shell, with a compact structure, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. Inside the control box 3, there are a main control circuit board, a power management module and a signal conditioning circuit. On the main control circuit board, an STM32F407 microcontroller chip is installed. This chip has a high-performance ARM Cortex-M4 core, which can process multi-channel sensor data, perform real-time logical judgment and PWM signal output. The GPIO pins of the chip are connected to the motor drivers of each support electric push rod 7 through FPC cables to achieve independent control of each support column. The signal conditioning circuit part selects an AD620 instrumentation amplifier to amplify the weak electrical signals from the pressure sensors and improve the acquisition accuracy; its input end is connected to the pressure sensors at the top of each support column 5 through shielded twisted pair wires, and the output end is connected to the ADC pin of the microcontroller.

[0038] In addition, the vital sign monitoring module is connected to the main control chip through the I2C bus and can stably transmit data such as heart rate, blood oxygen and body temperature. The power management module internally has a group of XL6009 DC-DC buck converters. Its input end is connected to an external 24V power supply interface, and the output end provides two voltages of 5V and 3.3V, which are used for sensors, control circuits and wireless modules respectively. On the front side of the control box 3, there are LED status indicators and emergency stop buttons, which are convenient for operators to monitor the operating status in real time and perform emergency operations; on the back side of the control box, there are RS485 communication interfaces and power supply interfaces, which support remote communication and multi-device linkage control, and are suitable for integrated applications in intelligent wards or centralized monitoring systems.

[0039] Furthermore, to achieve dynamic monitoring and support adjustment control of the patient's body position and vital signs, this device uses multi-type sensors arranged in cooperation. The pressure sensor selects a FlexiForce A201 thin-film pressure sensor, which has the characteristics of thin thickness, fast response, and simple installation. It is installed at the top of the support column 5 and is fixed under the silicone layer by bonding or snap-in pressing, corresponding to the area directly contacting the patient's body. The range of this sensor is 0~100N, and the accuracy is ±2.5%FS. It can collect the force change of each support point of the patient's body in real time. The output of the sensor is an analog voltage signal, which is amplified by the AD620 instrumentation amplifier in the signal conditioning circuit and then input into the ADC channel in the main control circuit board for subsequent calculation and judgment of the support adjustment strategy.

[0040] The motion sensors are ADXL345 model triaxial accelerometers, surface-mount packaged, and installed around the perimeter of the bed frame 1 at intervals of 50-80cm. The number of sensors can be adjusted according to the bed dimensions. Each motion sensor can detect acceleration changes in the X, Y, and Z directions, thereby determining whether the patient is turning over, rolling to the side, raising an arm, or performing other actions. By comparing acceleration data changes at different time points, the system quickly identifies areas of positional change and, combined with pressure distribution trends, accurately locates the target area for support adjustment.

[0041] The vital signs monitoring system includes detachable monitoring straps mounted on both sides of the bed frame, embedding a MAX30102 reflective photoelectric sensor and a TMP117 temperature sensor. The MAX30102 features a dual-wavelength light source (660nm red light and 880nm infrared light) and uses the PPG photoplethysmography method to collect heart rate and blood oxygen saturation; it monitors by simply attaching to the skin. The TMP117 is a medical-grade patch-type digital temperature sensor with a measurement range of 25℃~50℃ and an accuracy of ±0.1℃, used to monitor the patient's body surface temperature. Data collected by these vital signs sensors is transmitted to the main control system via a Bluetooth 5.0 low-power wireless communication module (model DA14580). The Bluetooth module has a transmission distance of 10 meters, stably covering the communication range of the bed control system, ensuring real-time data transmission without interfering with other devices.

[0042] Furthermore, to achieve continuous monitoring of vital signs in elderly patients without the need for wearable devices, this device incorporates integrated vital sign acquisition units within the support columns 5 in the head, hand, and foot areas. These acquisition units utilize compact, highly responsive reflective optical sensors and patch-type temperature sensors, which are integrated and fixed by embedding them into the top structure of the support columns. The support column 5 in the head area embeds a MAX30102 photoelectric sensor and a TMP117 temperature sensor, used to acquire heart rate, blood oxygen, and body temperature data while the patient's head is in natural contact with the sensor. The MAX30102 employs a dual-wavelength light source (660nm red light and 880nm infrared light), detecting blood flow rhythm through penetrating light signals to generate pulse wave signals for calculating heart rate and SpO2.

[0043] The support pillars for the hand and foot areas are also equipped with sensing windows that contact the skin. These windows are made of medical-grade flexible silicone, and an optical window structure is located beneath them to ensure the stability of the reflected light path and the quality of the measurement signal. The top of each sensing pillar is connected to a sensor module at the bottom via a flexible circuit board. The module contains a miniature signal conditioning chip and the signals are aggregated to the main control circuit board via an I2C or SPI bus. To avoid data interference, each acquisition unit is configured with an independent time-slice polling mechanism, uploading data sequentially at different time points.

[0044] To facilitate data transmission and system compatibility, the collected data is transmitted to the main control system via the Bluetooth 5.0 low-power wireless module DA14580. It can also be connected to the hospital monitoring system via an RS485 interface for remote, visualized data viewing. Because the sensor is integrated into a fixed structure, vital signs can be measured while the patient is lying down, eliminating the need for additional wearable devices. This is particularly suitable for the elderly, postoperative patients, or those with impaired consciousness, improving the quality and efficiency of care while reducing the risk of measurement failure due to loosening, loss, or improper wearing of traditional wearable devices. The compact design, clear installation method, ease of manufacturing and maintenance, and strong potential for widespread application are all advantages.

[0045] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent dynamic pressure ulcer prevention nursing bed, comprising a bed frame (1), a lifting seat (2), a support column array, and a control system, characterized in that: The lifting seat (2) is located on the top of the bed frame (1), and the bottom of the lifting seat (2) is provided with an electric lifting mechanism. The electric lifting mechanism includes at least four main electric push rods (4), which are respectively located at the four corners of the bed frame (1). The support column array consists of several support columns (5), each support column (5) is cylindrical, and each support column (5) has a support electric push rod (7) at its bottom. The control system includes a main control circuit board, a pressure sensor and a motion sensor. A control box (3) is installed on the side of the bed frame (1). The main control circuit board is installed inside the control box (3). The pressure sensor is fixed to the top of the support column (5). The motion sensor is installed around the bed frame (1). The bed frame (1) is provided with detachable vital sign monitoring belts on both sides. The vital sign monitoring belts are equipped with optical sensors and temperature sensors and communicate with the control system through a wireless transmission module.

2. The intelligent dynamic anti-pressure ulcer care bed of claim 1, wherein, The main body of the main electric push rod (4) is fixedly connected to the bed frame (1), and the end of the main electric push rod (4) is fixedly connected to the lifting seat (2).

3. The intelligent dynamic anti-pressure ulcer care bed of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the lifting seat (2) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (6), the bottom end of the supporting electric push rod (7) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (6), and the top end of the supporting electric push rod (7) is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting column (5).

4. The intelligent dynamic anti-pressure ulcer care bed of claim 1, wherein, The support columns (5) are arranged in a rectangular array, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent support columns (5) is 2-3 cm.

5. The intelligent dynamic anti-pressure ulcer care bed of claim 1, wherein, The top of the support column (5) is covered with a medical silicone layer with a thickness of 2-5 mm and a surface with uniformly distributed breathable micropores. The diameter of the breathable micropores is 0.5-1 mm and the spacing between the micropores is 2-3 mm.

6. The intelligent dynamic anti-pressure ulcer care bed of claim 1, wherein, The control box (3) contains a main control circuit board, a power management module, and a signal conditioning circuit. An STM32F407 microcontroller chip is soldered onto the main control circuit board. The GPIO pins of the chip are connected to the motor drivers of each supporting electric push rod (7) via FPC cables. The signal conditioning circuit includes an AD620 instrumentation amplifier. Its input is connected to the pressure sensor at the top of the support column (5) via a shielded twisted pair cable, and its output is connected to the ADC pin of the microcontroller chip. The vital signs monitoring module is connected to the microcontroller chip via an I2C bus. The power management module includes an XL6009 DC-DC converter. Its input is connected to an external 24V power interface, and its output provides 5V and 3.3V voltages respectively. The front of the control box (3) is equipped with an LED status indicator and an emergency stop button, and the rear is equipped with an RS485 communication interface and a power interface.

7. The intelligent dynamic anti-pressure ulcer care bed of claim 1, wherein, The pressure sensor is a thin-film pressure sensor, model FlexiForce A201, with a range of 0-100N and an accuracy of ±2.5%FS; the motion sensor is a triaxial accelerometer, model ADXL345, with an installation spacing of 50-80cm; the optical sensor is a reflective photoelectric sensor, model MAX30102, containing dual light sources of red light (660nm) and infrared light (880nm); the temperature sensor is a medical-grade patch temperature sensor, model TMP117, with a measurement range of 25℃-50℃ and an accuracy of ±0.1℃; the wireless transmission module is a Bluetooth 5.0 low-power module, model DA14580, with a transmission distance of 10 meters.

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