Melt-blown non-woven fabric adsorption material processing extruder
By employing a combination structure of main screw, left screw, and right screw, along with servo motor drive and spiral resistance wire heating in the extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials, the problem of uneven melt shear stress was solved, thereby improving material stability and product quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANTONG NICE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SCI ANDTECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing extruders for processing adsorbent materials have relatively simple screw structures, making it difficult to achieve a uniform distribution of melt shear stress during melt conveying and mixing. This leads to localized overheating, affecting the mechanical properties and chemical stability of the material, and consequently reducing the uniformity and stability of the product.
It adopts a combination structure of main screw, left screw and right screw, and realizes rotation through drive mechanism. With the help of servo motor, the speed is precisely controlled. Combined with spiral resistance wire heating mechanism, it ensures uniform distribution of shear stress in the melt during conveying and mixing, and reduces heat loss through heating chamber shell and heat insulation layer.
This achieves uniform distribution of melt shear stress, avoids local overheating, protects the molecular structure of the melt, improves the chemical stability and mechanical properties of the material, ensures the uniformity and stability of the product, and enhances the overall quality of meltblown nonwoven adsorption materials.
Smart Images
Figure CN224130420U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of adsorbent material production technology, and in particular to an extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven adsorbent materials. Background Technology
[0002] Meltblown nonwoven fabric, as a core component of high-performance filter materials, is widely used in air purification, medical protection, industrial dust removal, and liquid filtration. Its core advantage lies in its three-dimensional network structure formed by ultrafine fibers (typically 1-5 μm in diameter), which provides high specific surface area, low resistance, and high adsorption efficiency. With increasingly stringent global environmental regulations (such as the EU EN149 standard and China GB2626 standard) and the catalyst of public health events, the market has placed higher demands on the filtration efficiency (such as N95 level and above), air permeability, and electret stability of meltblown nonwoven fabrics.
[0003] In the production process of meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials, the extruder is the core equipment, and its performance directly affects the quality and performance of the final product. However, due to the relatively simple screw structure, the existing extruders for processing absorbent materials are difficult to achieve a uniform distribution of melt shear stress during melt conveying and mixing, which can easily lead to local overheating. This may damage the molecular structure of the melt, reduce the mechanical properties and chemical stability of the material, and thus affect the uniformity and stability of the final product. Therefore, improvements are needed. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the problem of uneven shear stress in extruders, this application provides an extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials.
[0005] The technical solution provided in this application for an extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials is as follows:
[0006] An extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials includes a frame, on which an extrusion cylinder is mounted. An inlet and an outlet are respectively located at both ends of the extrusion cylinder along its length. A feeding mechanism is located at the inlet of the extrusion cylinder. A melting and heating mechanism is located on the cylinder body. A main screw, a left screw, and a right screw are rotatably mounted inside the extrusion cylinder. The main screw, left screw, and right screw are all arranged along the extrusion direction of the extrusion cylinder. The left screw and right screw are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main screw. The thread directions of the left screw and right screw are the same and opposite to the thread direction of the main screw. A drive mechanism for driving the main screw, left screw, and right screw to rotate is mounted on the frame.
[0007] Because the screw structure is relatively simple, it is difficult to achieve a uniform distribution of melt shear stress during melt conveying and mixing, which can easily lead to local overheating. This may damage the molecular structure of the melt, reduce the mechanical properties and chemical stability of the material, and thus affect the uniformity and stability of the final product. By adopting the above technical solution, including a frame, an extrusion cylinder mounted on the frame, a feeding mechanism mounted at the extrusion cylinder inlet, a melt heating mechanism mounted on the extrusion cylinder body, and a main screw, left screw, and right screw mounted inside the extrusion cylinder, which are rotated by a drive mechanism;
[0008] When the extruder is working, the raw materials (such as thermoplastic resins like polypropylene) required for making meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials are fed to the inlet of the extrusion cylinder through the feeding mechanism. As the raw materials enter the extrusion cylinder, the melting and heating mechanism installed on the cylinder body starts to work, raising the temperature inside the extrusion cylinder to above the melting temperature of the raw materials, causing the raw materials to gradually change from a solid state to a molten state. The drive mechanism starts, driving the main screw, left screw, and right screw to rotate inside the extrusion cylinder. The thread direction of the main screw, left screw, and right screw is uniquely designed. During the rotation of the main screw, the molten raw materials are pushed from the inlet of the extrusion cylinder to the outlet. At the same time, the rotation of the left screw and right screw generates a shearing effect on the melt, promoting the flow and mixing of the melt, making the temperature, pressure, and composition of the melt more uniform. After being fully mixed and conveyed, the melt reaches the outlet of the extrusion cylinder and is sent to the next process.
[0009] By configuring the extrusion barrel, main screw, left screw, and right screw, the shear stress can be more evenly distributed during melt conveying and mixing, enhancing the mixing effect. This effectively avoids local overheating that may occur in traditional single-screw extruders, protects the molecular structure of the melt, helps maintain the chemical stability and mechanical properties of the melt, ensures the uniformity and stability of the final product, and improves the overall quality of meltblown nonwoven adsorbent materials.
[0010] Optionally, the drive mechanism includes a drive gear, two driven gears, and a servo motor. The servo motor is arranged on the frame, and its output end is connected to the end of the main screw. The drive gear is sleeved on the main screw, and the two driven gears are respectively sleeved on the left and right screws. The drive gear meshes with the two driven gears respectively.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive mechanism includes a drive gear, two driven gears, and a servo motor. When the drive mechanism is started, the servo motor is powered on, and the output end drives the main screw to rotate at a set speed. The drive gear rotates with the main screw and drives the two driven gears through meshing. The main screw (e.g., clockwise) pushes the melt from the feed port to the discharge port. The left and right screws (e.g., counterclockwise) are opposite to the main screw, generating auxiliary shearing and mixing effects, and also propelling the material forward.
[0012] By setting up the drive mechanism, the servo motor can precisely control the speed of the main screw, adapt to different raw materials and process requirements, ensure stable operation of the screw under high pressure and high shear force, reduce the failure rate, and at the same time, the gear meshing transmission has low loss and high power transmission efficiency.
[0013] Optionally, a coupling for connection is provided between the main screw and the servo motor.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the servo motor is connected to the main screw through a coupling; through the setting of the coupling, the coupling can absorb the axial (along the axis direction), radial (perpendicular to the axis direction), and angular (angle between axes) deviations caused by machining accuracy, installation errors, or equipment vibration, compensate for installation errors, and reduce assembly difficulty.
[0015] Optionally, the feeding mechanism includes a hopper body and a hopper cover, the hopper body being connected to the feed inlet of the extrusion cylinder, and the hopper cover covering the top opening of the hopper body.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the feeding mechanism includes a hopper body and a hopper cover. Through the setting of the feeding mechanism, the hopper body continuously feeds material to the extrusion cylinder by gravity, avoiding production interruption caused by material shortage, stabilizing the material supply, and ensuring production continuity. At the same time, the hopper cover effectively isolates the external environment, prevents the raw materials from getting damp and clumping or being mixed with impurities, and ensures the quality of the raw materials.
[0017] Optionally, the surface of the hopper body is provided with a visualization window for observing the internal conditions.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, a visualization window is formed on the main body of the hopper. With the setting of the visualization window, the operator can directly observe the remaining amount of raw material in the hopper, avoid the extruder running idle due to lack of material or overflow due to excessive material level, realize real-time monitoring and timely adjustment, and improve the continuity and stability of material supply.
[0019] Optionally, the bottom of the hopper body is provided with a discharge pipe for emergency unloading, and the discharge pipe is connected to the interior of the hopper body.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the hopper body. With the setting of the discharge pipe, when the extruder equipment suddenly fails, the discharge pipe valve can be opened immediately to quickly discharge the raw material in the hopper, avoiding the raw material from staying in the hopper for a long time, which would cause agglomeration, deterioration or equipment overpressure, reduce raw material waste and equipment cleaning time, realize rapid response in emergency situations, and improve production safety.
[0021] Optionally, the melting heating mechanism includes a heating chamber shell and a spiral resistance wire. The heating chamber shell is sleeved on the extrusion cylinder body, and the spiral resistance wire is arranged inside the heating chamber shell in a spiral arrangement along the extrusion direction of the extrusion cylinder.
[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the melting and heating mechanism includes a heating chamber shell and a spiral resistance wire. The setting of the melting and heating mechanism helps to achieve efficient, accurate and reliable heating performance. The spiral resistance wire forms a uniform axial temperature gradient, which not only meets the requirements of segmented melting of raw materials, but also significantly reduces heat loss through the sealed heat insulation structure of the heating chamber shell. At the same time, the heating chamber shell wraps around the extrusion cylinder to form a sealed heating space, reducing heat loss.
[0023] Optionally, a heat insulation layer for heat insulation is provided on the outside of the heating chamber housing, and the heat insulation layer is wrapped around the heating chamber housing.
[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, a heat insulation layer is wrapped around the heating chamber shell. Through the setting of the heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer blocks the heat conduction and convection from the heating chamber shell to the environment, reduces ineffective energy consumption, further reduces heat loss, and ensures that the raw materials stably change from solid to molten state.
[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0026] By configuring the extrusion cylinder, main screw, left screw, and right screw, the shear stress can be more evenly distributed during melt conveying and mixing, enhancing the mixing effect, effectively avoiding local overheating that may occur in traditional single-screw extruders, protecting the molecular structure of the melt, helping to maintain the chemical stability and mechanical properties of the melt, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the final product, and improving the overall quality of meltblown nonwoven adsorbent materials.
[0027] Through the setting of the drive mechanism, the servo motor can precisely control the speed of the main screw, adapt to different raw materials and process requirements, ensure stable operation of the screw under high pressure and high shear force environment, reduce failure rate, and at the same time, the gear meshing transmission has low loss and high power transmission efficiency.
[0028] The melting and heating mechanism helps to achieve efficient, precise and reliable heating performance. The spiral resistance wire forms a uniform axial temperature gradient, which not only meets the requirements of segmented melting of raw materials, but also significantly reduces heat loss through the sealed heat insulation structure of the heating chamber shell. At the same time, the heating chamber shell wraps around the extrusion cylinder to form a sealed heating space, reducing heat loss. Attached Figure Description
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials according to an embodiment of this application.
[0030] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view used in the embodiments of this application to illustrate the melting and heating mechanism.
[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the extrusion cylinder in an embodiment of this application.
[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Frame; 2. Extrusion cylinder; 21. Feed inlet; 22. Discharge outlet; 3. Feeding mechanism; 31. Hopper body; 32. Hopper cover; 4. Melting and heating mechanism; 41. Heating chamber shell; 42. Helical resistance wire; 5. Main screw; 6. Left screw; 7. Right screw; 8. Drive mechanism; 81. Drive gear; 82. Driven gear; 83. Servo motor; 9. Coupling; 10. Visualization window; 11. Discharge pipe; 12. Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.
[0034] This application discloses an extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The meltblown nonwoven fabric adsorbent material processing extruder includes a frame 1, on which an extrusion cylinder 2 is installed. In this embodiment, the extrusion cylinder 2 has a hollow structure inside. An inlet 21 and an outlet 22 are respectively formed on the extrusion cylinder 2, and the inlet 21 and the outlet 22 are respectively arranged at both ends of the length direction of the extrusion cylinder 2.
[0035] Reference Figure 1 A feeding mechanism 3 is installed at the feed inlet 21 of the extrusion cylinder 2. In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 3 feeds the raw material into the extrusion cylinder 2. The feeding mechanism 3 includes a hopper body 31 and a hopper cover 32. The hopper body 31 is conical and is connected to the feed inlet 21 of the extrusion cylinder 2. At the same time, the hopper cover 32 covers the opening at the top of the hopper body 31. The hopper body 31 continuously feeds the material to the extrusion cylinder 2 by gravity, avoiding production interruption caused by material shortage, stabilizing the material supply, and ensuring production continuity. At the same time, the hopper cover 32 effectively isolates the external environment, prevents the raw material from getting damp and clumping or being mixed with impurities, and ensures the quality of the raw material.
[0036] Reference Figure 1 The hopper body 31 has a visual window 10 formed on its surface, allowing operators to directly observe the remaining amount of raw material in the hopper. This prevents the extruder from running idle due to lack of material or overflowing due to excessive material level, enabling real-time monitoring and timely adjustment, and improving the continuity and stability of material supply.
[0037] Reference Figure 1The bottom of the hopper body 31 is connected to the discharge pipe 11. The discharge pipe 11 is equipped with a valve to control the on and off. When the extruder equipment suddenly fails, the valve of the discharge pipe 11 can be opened immediately to quickly discharge the raw material in the hopper, avoiding the raw material from staying in the hopper for a long time, which may cause agglomeration, deterioration or equipment overpressure, reduce raw material waste and equipment cleaning time, realize rapid response in emergency situations, and improve production safety.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A melting and heating mechanism 4 is installed on the body of the extrusion cylinder 2. In this embodiment, the melting and heating mechanism 4 is used to gradually change the raw material from a solid state to a molten state. The heating chamber shell 41 and the spiral resistance wire 42 are installed. The heating chamber shell 41 is sleeved on the body of the extrusion cylinder 2 and arranged along the length of the body of the extrusion cylinder 2. The interior of the heating chamber shell 41 is a hollow structure. At the same time, the spiral resistance wire 42 is arranged inside the heating chamber shell 41. The spiral resistance wire 42 is spirally arranged along the extrusion direction of the extrusion cylinder 2 and is equipped with a corresponding power supply. This helps to achieve efficient, accurate and reliable heating performance. The spiral resistance wire 42 forms a uniform axial temperature gradient, which not only meets the requirements of segmented melting of raw materials, but also significantly reduces heat loss through the sealed heat insulation structure of the heating chamber shell 41. At the same time, the heating chamber shell 41 wraps the body of the extrusion cylinder 2 to form a sealed heating space and reduce heat loss.
[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The heating chamber shell 41 is wrapped with a heat insulation layer 12. In this embodiment, the heat insulation layer 12 can be a ceramic fiber blanket or an aerogel felt. The heat insulation layer 12 blocks the heat conduction and convection of the heating chamber shell 41 to the environment, reduces ineffective energy consumption, further reduces heat loss, and ensures that the raw materials can stably change from a solid state to a molten state.
[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The main screw 5, left screw 6, and right screw 7 are rotatably installed inside the extrusion cylinder 2. The main screw 5, left screw 6, and right screw 7 are all arranged along the extrusion direction of the extrusion cylinder 2. The left screw 6 and right screw 7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main screw 5. The thread direction of the left screw 6 and right screw 7 is the same and opposite to the thread direction of the main screw 5. In this embodiment, the main screw 5 is a right-hand thread, and the left screw 6 and right screw 7 are left-hand threads.
[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3A drive mechanism 8 is installed on the frame 1. In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 8 is used to drive the main screw 5, the left screw 6 and the right screw 7 to rotate. The drive mechanism 8 includes a driving gear 81, two driven gears 82 and a servo motor 83. The servo motor 83 is installed on the frame 1. In this embodiment, a coupling 9 is installed between the main screw 5 and the servo motor 83 for connection. The coupling 9 can absorb axial (along the axis direction), radial (perpendicular to the axis direction) and angular (angle between axes) deviations caused by machining accuracy, installation error or equipment vibration, compensate for installation errors and reduce assembly difficulty.
[0042] Reference Figure 3 The driving gear 81 is sleeved and fixed on the main screw 5, and the two driven gears 82 are sleeved and fixed on the left screw 6 and the right screw 7 respectively. The driving gear 81 and the two driven gears 82 are located on the same side, and the driving gear 81 meshes with the two driven gears 82 respectively. The servo motor 83 can precisely control the speed of the main screw 5 to adapt to different raw materials and process requirements, ensure stable operation of the screw under high pressure and high shear force environment, reduce the failure rate, and at the same time, the gear meshing transmission loss is low and the power transmission is efficient.
[0043] The implementation principle of the extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven absorbent material in this application embodiment is as follows: When the extruder is working, the raw materials (such as thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene) required for making meltblown nonwoven absorbent material are transported through the hopper body 31 to the feed inlet 21 of the extrusion cylinder 2. As the raw materials enter the extrusion cylinder 2, the melting heating mechanism 4 installed on the cylinder body of the extrusion cylinder 2 starts to work. The spiral resistance wire 42 raises the temperature inside the extrusion cylinder 2 to above the melting temperature of the raw materials, so that the raw materials gradually change from solid to molten state.
[0044] When the drive mechanism 8 is started, the servo motor 83 is powered on, and the output end drives the main screw 5 to rotate at a set speed. The drive gear 81 rotates with the main screw 5 and drives the two driven gears 82 through meshing. The main screw 5 (clockwise) pushes the melt from the feed port 21 to the discharge port 22. The left and right screws 7 (counterclockwise) are opposite to the main screw 5, generating auxiliary shearing and mixing effects. They also push the material forward, pushing the molten raw material from the feed port 21 of the extrusion cylinder 2 to the discharge port 22, promoting the flow and mixing of the melt, and making the temperature, pressure and composition of the melt more uniform. After being fully mixed and transported, the melt reaches the discharge port 22 of the extrusion cylinder 2 and is sent to the next process.
[0045] By configuring the extrusion cylinder 2, main screw 5, left screw 6, and right screw 7, the shear stress can be more evenly distributed during melt conveying and mixing, enhancing the mixing effect. This effectively avoids local overheating that may occur in traditional single-screw extruders, protects the molecular structure of the melt, helps maintain the chemical stability and mechanical properties of the melt, ensures the uniformity and stability of the final product, and improves the overall quality of meltblown nonwoven adsorbent materials.
[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A melt blown nonwoven adsorbent material processing extruder characterized by: The device includes a frame on which an extrusion cylinder is mounted. An inlet and an outlet are located at opposite ends of the length of the extrusion cylinder. A feeding mechanism is located at the inlet of the extrusion cylinder. A melting and heating mechanism is located on the cylinder body. A main screw, a left screw, and a right screw are rotatably mounted inside the extrusion cylinder. The main screw, left screw, and right screw are all arranged along the extrusion direction of the extrusion cylinder. The left screw and right screw are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main screw. The thread directions of the left screw and right screw are the same but opposite to the thread direction of the main screw. A drive mechanism for rotating the main screw, left screw, and right screw is mounted on the frame.
2. The extruder for processing meltblown nonwoven absorbent materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a drive gear, two driven gears, and a servo motor. The servo motor is mounted on the frame, and its output end is connected to the end of the main screw. The drive gear is mounted on the main screw, and the two driven gears are mounted on the left and right screws, respectively. The drive gear meshes with the two driven gears.
3. The melt-blown nonwoven adsorptive material processing extruder of claim 2, wherein: A coupling is provided between the main screw and the servo motor for connection.
4. The melt-blown nonwoven adsorbing material processing extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a hopper body and a hopper cover. The hopper body is connected to the feed inlet of the extrusion cylinder, and the hopper cover covers the top opening of the hopper body.
5. The melt-blown nonwoven adsorptive material processing extruder of claim 4, wherein: The surface of the hopper body is provided with a visualization window for observing the internal conditions.
6. The melt-blown nonwoven adsorptive material processing extruder of claim 4, wherein: The bottom of the hopper body is provided with a discharge pipe for emergency unloading, and the discharge pipe is connected to the inside of the hopper body.
7. The melt-blown nonwoven adsorbent material processing extruder of claim 1, wherein: The melting heating mechanism includes a heating chamber shell and a spiral resistance wire. The heating chamber shell is sleeved on the extrusion cylinder body, and the spiral resistance wire is arranged inside the heating chamber shell. The spiral resistance wire is spirally arranged along the extrusion direction of the extrusion cylinder.
8. The melt-blown nonwoven adsorptive material processing extruder of claim 7, wherein: The heating chamber shell is provided with a heat insulation layer for heat insulation, which is wrapped around the heating chamber shell.