Biomass gas tar purification device
By installing cooling components on the outer wall of the biomass gas pipeline and using a static pressure tank to collect tar, the water pollution problem of wet filtration and the clogging problem of dry filtration in biomass gas purification are solved, achieving efficient purification and low-cost operation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING HUIYU ENERGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Among existing biomass gas purification technologies, wet filtration leads to improper wastewater treatment and secondary water pollution, while dry filtration is prone to clogging of filter screens and filter elements, requiring frequent replacement, resulting in high operating and management costs, increased system resistance, insufficient exhaust fan output, and high failure rate.
A cooling component is installed on the outer wall of the biomass gas pipeline to indirectly cool and reduce the temperature, causing the tar to precipitate into suspended droplets. The tar is then collected and settled in a static pressure tank. Combined with the design of a static pressure jacket and an exhaust fan, the gas temperature is reduced and the cooling efficiency is enhanced, the frequency of filter replacement is reduced, and the system energy consumption is lowered.
It achieves zero wastewater discharge, reduces system maintenance workload, improves purification efficiency, extends equipment life, reduces operating costs, and ensures continuous system operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN224132978U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomass gas tar filtration technology, specifically a biomass gas tar purification device. Background Technology
[0002] Biomass gas is a combustible gas produced by the high-temperature pyrolysis of biomass raw materials (such as wood chips, bamboo, rice husks, and fruit shells) in a biomass gasifier. The biomass gas produced by an updraft gasifier contains a large amount of tar. After the tar precipitates, it can clog burner nozzles, instrument ports, and system pipelines, affecting the normal operation of the system and causing equipment damage or shutdown. Therefore, biomass gas must be purified to remove tar before use.
[0003] Commonly used biomass gas purification methods include wet filtration and dry filtration. Wet filtration methods, such as spraying and bubbling water baths, use water or alkaline solutions to wash and absorb tar from biomass gas. Improper treatment of the wastewater after washing can easily cause secondary water pollution. Dry filtration uses filter screens, filter cartridges, and activated carbon to adsorb and filter tar from biomass gas. However, tar easily clogs filter screens and cartridges, requiring frequent replacement of the filter, resulting in high operating and management costs. Furthermore, after the filter cartridges in dry filtration devices adsorb a certain amount of tar, the system resistance increases, leading to insufficient output of the induced draft fan or even its failure to function properly, thus increasing the system failure rate. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a biomass gas tar purification device to at least partially solve the problems of improper wastewater treatment caused by existing wet filtration methods, which can easily lead to secondary water pollution; dry filtration methods are prone to clogging of filter screens and filter elements, requiring frequent replacement of filter devices, resulting in high operating and management costs; and after the filter element of the dry filtration device adsorbs a certain amount of tar, it causes the system resistance to increase, resulting in insufficient output of the induced draft fan or even failure to work properly, thus increasing the system failure rate.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A biomass gas tar purification device, comprising:
[0007] A biomass gas pipeline, wherein the outlet end of the biomass gas pipeline is arranged at a downward angle;
[0008] A cooling assembly includes a cooling sleeve, a static pressure sleeve with an inner diameter larger than that of the cooling sleeve, and an exhaust fan. The cooling sleeve is fitted onto the upper outer periphery of the biomass gas pipeline, forming an annular cooling chamber with the biomass gas pipeline. A cooling air inlet is provided at the upper part of the cooling sleeve, and an annular air outlet is provided at the lower end of the annular cooling chamber. The static pressure sleeve is fitted onto the lower outer periphery of the biomass gas pipeline. Its upper end is connected to the cooling sleeve and communicates with its lower annular air outlet. The lower end of the static pressure sleeve is closed and connected to the biomass gas pipeline, and a cooling air outlet is provided on its side wall. The air inlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the cooling air outlet.
[0009] A static pressure tank is fixed at the bottom of the biomass gas pipeline, and its top has a gas inlet connected to the gas outlet of the biomass gas pipeline, its upper side wall has a gas outlet, and its bottom has a drain outlet.
[0010] The beneficial effects that this invention can achieve are as follows: When the biomass gas enters the biomass gas pipeline, the temperature of the biomass gas decreases under the cooling of the cooling components, causing the tar in the biomass gas to precipitate into a suspended droplet state. Most of the suspended droplet-shaped tar adheres to the inner wall of the gas pipeline and then flows into the static pressure tank at a certain downward angle along the flow direction of the biomass gas, where it is stored at the bottom of the static pressure tank. A small portion of the suspended droplet-shaped tar in the gas enters the static pressure tank along with the biomass gas and settles to the bottom of the static pressure tank under the action of gravity. The clean gas after tar removal is discharged from the gas outlet.
[0011] Furthermore, the exhaust end of the exhaust fan is connected to the air inlet of the gasifier and the boiler burner.
[0012] Furthermore, the cooling assembly also includes a plurality of first heat dissipation fins, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the biomass gas pipeline, and are fixed on both sides to the outer wall of the biomass gas pipeline and the inner wall of the cooling sleeve, respectively.
[0013] Furthermore, the cooling assembly also includes a plurality of second heat dissipation fins, which are arranged alternately with the plurality of first heat dissipation fins along the circumferential direction of the biomass gas pipeline. Each second heat dissipation fin is fixed on one side to the outer wall of the biomass gas pipeline and has a gap between the other side and the inner wall of the cooling sleeve.
[0014] Furthermore, multiple air inlet louvers are provided. The upper end of the cooling sleeve is closed. Multiple cooling air inlets are provided, and the multiple cooling air inlets are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cooling sleeve on the upper side wall of the cooling sleeve. The multiple air inlet louvers are arranged corresponding to the multiple cooling air inlets. The upper end of each air inlet louver is fixed above the cooling air inlet, and the lower end is inclined away from the axis of the cooling sleeve.
[0015] Furthermore, the inner bottom surface of the static pressure tank is spherical or conical, and the drain outlet is located at the center of the bottom of the static pressure tank.
[0016] Furthermore, a drain valve is installed at the drain outlet.
[0017] Furthermore, the gas inlet is equipped with an intake valve, and the gas outlet is equipped with an exhaust valve.
[0018] Furthermore, the bottom of the static pressure tank is provided with multiple support legs.
[0019] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a biomass gas tar purification device, which has the following beneficial effects:
[0020] 1. Cooling components are installed on the outer wall of the biomass gas pipeline. The gas is purified by indirect cooling and temperature reduction, which causes tar in the gas to be released. This method does not produce wastewater, eliminates the need for frequent filter replacements, reduces the workload of system operation and maintenance, and ensures continuous system operation time.
[0021] 2. Multiple heat dissipation fins are installed inside the cooling sleeve to enhance cooling efficiency, increase tar extraction rate, and improve purification efficiency.
[0022] 3. A static pressure sleeve with an increased diameter is installed at the bottom of the cooling sleeve to reduce the cooling air velocity, extend the cooling time, and enhance the gas cooling efficiency; it also helps to reduce the energy consumption of the exhaust fan and extend the service life of the exhaust fan.
[0023] 4. The hot air exhausted by the exhaust fan is introduced into the gasifier and boiler burner, serving as the gasification agent in the gasifier and the combustion aid in the boiler burner, thereby reducing heat loss and lowering the energy consumption of the gasifier and boiler burner during operation. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0025] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a biomass gas tar purification device provided by this utility model.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a biomass gas tar purification device provided by this utility model.
[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cooling sleeve and the biomass gas pipeline provided by this utility model.
[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cooling component and biomass gas pipeline provided by this utility model.
[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section A.
[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cooling sleeve and the biomass gas pipeline.
[0031] In the diagram: 1-Biomass gas pipeline, 2-Cooling components, 21-Cooling sleeve, 211-Cooling air inlet, 22-Static pressure sleeve, 221-Cooling air outlet, 23-First heat dissipation fin, 24-Second heat dissipation fin, 3-Static pressure tank, 31-Gas outlet, 32-Drain outlet, 4-Air inlet louver, 5-Air inlet valve, 6-Exhaust valve, 7-Support leg, 8-Bend. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0034] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0035] Please see Figures 1-6 This utility model discloses a biomass gas tar purification device, comprising: a biomass gas pipeline 1, a cooling assembly 2, and a static pressure tank 3.
[0036] The outlet end of the biomass gas pipeline 1 is arranged at a downward angle.
[0037] The cooling assembly 2 includes a cooling sleeve 21, a static pressure sleeve 22 with an inner diameter larger than that of the cooling sleeve 21, and an exhaust fan (not shown in the figure). The cooling sleeve 21 is fitted on the upper outer periphery of the biomass gas pipeline 1, forming an annular cooling chamber with the biomass gas pipeline 1. A cooling air inlet 211 is provided on the upper part of the cooling sleeve 21, and the lower end of the annular cooling chamber is an annular air outlet. The static pressure sleeve 22 is fitted on the lower outer periphery of the biomass gas pipeline 1. Its upper end is connected to the cooling sleeve 21 and connected to the annular air outlet at its lower end. The lower end of the static pressure sleeve 22 is closed and connected to the biomass gas pipeline 1, and a cooling air outlet 221 is provided on its side wall. The exhaust end of the exhaust fan is connected to the cooling air outlet 221. Air from the atmosphere, driven by a blower, enters the smaller-diameter cooling sleeve 21 through the cooling air inlet 211 to cool the biomass gas inside the biomass gas pipeline 1, reducing the temperature of the gas pipeline and the biomass gas inside, causing tar to precipitate. After heat exchange, the air in the cooling sleeve 21 enters the larger-diameter static pressure sleeve 22, where the flow velocity decreases, extending the cooling time and enhancing the gas cooling efficiency. At the same time, the dynamic resistance that the low-speed airflow needs to overcome when entering the blower is reduced, thereby reducing energy consumption, extending motor life, and reducing airflow turbulence and eddies, significantly reducing high-frequency noise.
[0038] The static pressure tank 3 is located below the biomass gas pipeline 1, with a gas inlet at its top, a gas outlet 31 on the upper side wall, and a drain outlet 32 at its bottom. The gas inlet is connected to the gas outlet of the biomass gas pipeline 1 via a bend 8.
[0039] Tar in biomass gas is generally gaseous above 300℃ and precipitates as liquid below 200℃. After entering the biomass gas pipeline 1, the temperature of the biomass gas is reduced to below 100℃ by the cooling component 2, causing the tar in the biomass gas to precipitate as suspended droplets. Most of the suspended droplets of tar adhere to the inner wall of the biomass gas pipeline 1, and then flow into the static pressure tank 3 at a certain downward angle along the flow direction of the biomass gas, and are stored at the bottom of the static pressure tank 3. A small portion of the suspended droplets of tar in the gas enters the static pressure tank 3 along with the biomass gas and settles to the bottom of the static pressure tank 3 under the action of gravity. The clean gas after tar removal is discharged from the gas outlet 31.
[0040] To further optimize the above technical solution, the exhaust end of the blower is connected to the air inlet of the gasifier and the boiler burner. When the gasifier is in use, it requires the introduction of gasifying agent oxygen or air to flow counter-currently with the biomass raw materials to achieve separation of raw materials and slag and generation of combustible gases. When the boiler burner is in use, it requires the introduction of air or oxygen as a combustion aid. Therefore, the cold air preheated by the cooling component 2 can be used as a gasifying agent in the gasifier and a combustion aid in the boiler burner, thereby reducing energy consumption, saving costs, and improving process efficiency. Existing gasifiers and boiler burners are usually equipped with blowers to introduce gasifying agents or combustion aids. Therefore, when connected to the cooling component 2, there is no need to install an additional exhaust fan; the blower can be directly used as an exhaust fan, connecting the blower's air inlet to the cooling air outlet 221 on the static pressure sleeve 22, reducing cost expenditure.
[0041] To further optimize the above technical solution, the cooling assembly 2 also includes multiple first heat dissipation fins 23. These first heat dissipation fins 23 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the biomass gas pipeline 1, and each first heat dissipation fin 23 is arranged along the radial direction of the biomass gas pipeline 1, with its two sides respectively fixed to the outer wall of the biomass gas pipeline 1 and the inner wall of the cooling sleeve 21. The first heat dissipation fins 23 not only dissipate heat but also support and connect the biomass gas pipeline 1 and the cooling sleeve 21.
[0042] To further optimize the above technical solution, the cooling assembly 2 also includes multiple second heat dissipation fins 24. These second heat dissipation fins 24 and multiple first heat dissipation fins 23 are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the biomass gas pipeline 1. Each second heat dissipation fin 24 is fixed to the outer wall of the biomass gas pipeline 1 on one side, and has a gap between its other side and the inner wall of the cooling sleeve 21. The second heat dissipation fins 24 are mainly used to increase the contact area between the biomass gas pipeline 1 and the cooling air, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect.
[0043] To further optimize the above technical solution, multiple air inlet louvers 4 are also provided. The upper end of the cooling sleeve 21 is closed, and multiple cooling air inlets 211 are provided, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cooling sleeve 21 on the upper side wall of the cooling sleeve 21. The multiple air inlet louvers 4 are arranged corresponding to the multiple cooling air inlets 211. The upper end of each air inlet louver 4 is fixed above the cooling air inlet 211, and the lower end is inclined away from the axis of the cooling sleeve 21. The air inlet louvers 4 can effectively shield the cooling air inlets 211 and prevent rainwater from entering the cooling sleeve 21.
[0044] To further optimize the above technical solution, the bottom surface of the static pressure tank 3 is spherical or conical, and the drain port 32 is located at the center of the bottom of the static pressure tank 3. The tar inside the static pressure tank 3 can be smoothly discharged through the drain port 32.
[0045] To further optimize the above technical solution, a drain valve is installed at the drain outlet 32. The drain valve is opened periodically to discharge the tar stored at the bottom, ensuring the normal operation of the tar removal device.
[0046] To further optimize the above technical solution, an intake valve 5 is installed at the gas inlet, and an exhaust valve 6 is installed at the gas outlet 31. During maintenance of the purification device, the gas supply can be cut off by closing the intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve 6.
[0047] To further optimize the above technical solution, multiple support legs 7 are provided at the bottom of the static pressure tank 3 to support the static pressure tank 3.
[0048] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.
[0049] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A biomass gas fuel tar purifying apparatus, characterized by comprising: include: Biomass gas pipeline (1), the gas outlet end of the biomass gas pipeline (1) is arranged at a downward angle; The cooling assembly (2) includes a cooling sleeve (21), a static pressure sleeve (22) with an inner diameter larger than that of the cooling sleeve (21), and an exhaust fan. The cooling sleeve (21) is fitted on the upper outer periphery of the biomass gas pipeline (1) and forms an annular cooling chamber with the biomass gas pipeline (1). A cooling air inlet (211) is provided on its upper part, and the lower end of the annular cooling chamber is an annular air outlet. The static pressure sleeve (22) is fitted on the lower outer periphery of the biomass gas pipeline (1). Its upper end is connected to the cooling sleeve (21) and connected to the annular air outlet at its lower end. The lower end of the static pressure sleeve (22) is closed and connected to the biomass gas pipeline (1), and a cooling air outlet (221) is provided on its side wall. The air inlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the cooling air outlet (221). The static pressure tank (3) is fixed at the bottom of the biomass gas pipeline (1), and its top is provided with a gas inlet that communicates with the gas outlet of the biomass gas pipeline (1), its upper side wall is provided with a gas outlet (31), and its bottom is provided with a drain outlet (32).
2. The biomass gas fuel tar purification device according to claim 1, wherein The exhaust fan's outlet is connected to the gasifier and the boiler burner's air inlet.
3. The biomass gas tar purification device according to claim 1, wherein The cooling assembly (2) further includes a plurality of first heat dissipation fins (23), which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the biomass gas pipeline (1), and their two sides are respectively fixed to the outer side wall of the biomass gas pipeline (1) and the inner side wall of the cooling sleeve (21).
4. The biomass gas tar purification device according to claim 3, wherein The cooling assembly (2) also includes a plurality of second heat dissipation fins (24), which are arranged alternately with the plurality of first heat dissipation fins (23) along the circumferential direction of the biomass gas pipeline (1). Each second heat dissipation fin (24) is fixed on one side to the outer wall of the biomass gas pipeline (1) and has a gap between the other side and the inner wall of the cooling sleeve (21).
5. The biomass gas fuel tar purification device according to claim 1, wherein It is also provided with multiple air inlet louvers (4), the upper end of the cooling sleeve (21) is closed, and multiple cooling air inlets (211) are provided. The multiple cooling air inlets (211) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cooling sleeve (21) on the upper side wall of the cooling sleeve (21). The multiple air inlet louvers (4) are arranged corresponding to the multiple cooling air inlets (211). The upper end of each air inlet louver (4) is fixed above the cooling air inlet (211), and the lower end is inclined away from the axis of the cooling sleeve (21).
6. The biomass gas tar purification device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The inner bottom surface of the static pressure tank (3) is spherical or conical, and the drain outlet (32) is located at the center of the bottom of the static pressure tank (3).
7. A biomass gas tar purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein A drain valve is installed at the drain outlet (32).
8. A biomass gas tar purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The gas inlet is equipped with an intake valve (5), and the gas outlet (31) is equipped with an exhaust valve (6).
9. A biomass gas tar purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The bottom of the static pressure tank (3) is provided with multiple support legs (7).