Buffer unit for emergency rescue and disaster relief shed tunnel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of road traffic safety protection, in particular to a buffer unit for an emergency rescue and disaster relief shed tunnel. Comprising a polyurethane elastic body, the polyurethane elastic body comprises a spherical crown body and a cylinder which are integrally formed from top to bottom, the spherical surface of the spherical crown body is coated with a polyurea layer, and a cylindrical cavity is coaxially formed in the center axis of the cylinder from bottom to top; a plurality of polyurethane microporous elastomers which are symmetrically distributed are wrapped in the cylinder around the cylindrical cavity, the central axis of each polyurethane microporous elastomer is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder, and the outer side surfaces of the polyurethane microporous elastomers are wrapped by the polyurethane elastomers; the weight is light, so that the transportation and installation processes are greatly facilitated; the buffer performance is excellent, and impact can be efficiently coped; the method is high in repeated utilization rate, economical and environment-friendly. A plurality of such units are orderly arranged at the top of the emergency rescue and disaster relief shed tunnel, so that the impact counter-force borne by a protected structure can be obviously reduced, and all-directional and multi-layer protection is provided for the shed tunnel structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of road traffic safety protection technology, specifically to a buffer unit for emergency rescue and disaster relief shelters. Background Technology

[0002] The terrain and geological conditions in western my country are extremely complex, with high mountains, steep slopes, and frequent extreme weather events, leading to secondary disasters such as landslides, high-altitude collapses, and rockfalls, which seriously threaten road safety. In the face of natural disasters or emergencies, rapidly restoring traffic and ensuring the safety of personnel and material transport channels are crucial for disaster relief efforts. Against this backdrop, the construction of emergency rescue shelters has become an important means of emergency transportation support. Compared to conventional shelters, emergency rescue shelters emphasize rapid construction and emergency performance; their structure is simple, lightweight, and easy to transport and assemble. To improve impact resistance, special cushioning and shock absorption devices are often used, such as spring buffer layers and grid layers on the roof of the shelter, to withstand the impact of falling rocks at the disaster site. In the exploration of related technologies, Luo Jie et al. (CN 211498549 U) of China Construction Fourth Engineering Bureau Sixth Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. designed a buffer unit for preventing rockfall disasters in tunnels; Yuan Song et al. (CN210151605 U) of Sichuan Provincial Department of Transportation Survey and Design Institute invented a buffer and shock absorption device for steel tunnels used in emergency rescue and disaster relief; Nie Xifeng et al. (CN 114908690 A) of China Railway Second Survey and Design Institute Guiyang Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd. designed an energy dissipation device suitable for preventing rockfall impacts on tunnel roofs.

[0003] However, existing technologies still face three major constraints: Currently available buffer components generally use spring-like metal materials, which not only significantly increases the weight of the components themselves (traditional buffer components account for more than 35% of the total structural weight), causing great inconvenience to transportation and installation, resulting in a reduction of transportation and hoisting efficiency by more than 60%, and significantly increasing labor and material costs; the standardization of the devices is insufficient, and their adaptability to different disaster scenarios is poor; key components undergo irreversible plastic deformation after being subjected to strong impacts, making it impossible to restore their original performance, resulting in extremely low reuse rates, with an overall reuse rate of less than 30%, causing resource waste and increased usage costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This utility model addresses the technical problems of existing emergency rescue shelter buffer components being too heavy, inconvenient to transport, and prone to irreversible plastic deformation after strong impacts, by providing a buffer unit for emergency rescue shelters.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a buffer unit for emergency rescue and disaster relief shelters, comprising a polyurethane elastic body, the polyurethane elastic body comprising a spherical crown and a cylinder integrally formed from top to bottom, the circular bottom surface of the spherical crown and the circular top surface of the cylinder being the same size and overlapping, the spherical crown being coated with a polyurea layer, the cylinder having a coaxially arranged cylindrical cavity opened from the bottom upward at the central axis of the cylinder, the cylinder surrounding the cylindrical cavity being covered with a plurality of symmetrically distributed polyurethane microporous elastomers, and the central axis of the polyurethane microporous elastomers being parallel to the central axis of the cylinder, the outer surfaces of the polyurethane microporous elastomers being all wrapped by the polyurethane elastic body.

[0006] Furthermore, the number of polyurethane microporous elastomers is four, and the centers of the cross-sections of the four polyurethane microporous elastomers are evenly distributed on the same circumference, with each polyurethane microporous elastomer being at the same distance from the cylindrical cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the height of the cylindrical cavity is less than the height of the cylinder of the polyurethane elastomer, and the height of the polyurethane microporous elastomer is equal to the height of the cylindrical cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the density of the polyurethane microporous elastomer is 0.5-0.7 g / cm³.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] (1) The buffer units are all made of flexible polymer materials, which are lightweight and greatly facilitate the transportation process. The installation and placement are also easy and simple, which can effectively save manpower and time costs.

[0011] (2) It performs excellently in terms of buffering performance. When faced with high-intensity impact, it can quickly absorb and disperse energy, providing reliable protection for the object being protected.

[0012] (3) It has a very high reusability rate. After multiple impacts, the material structure and cushioning function remain stable, reducing the cost of use and providing significant economic and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a buffer unit used in emergency rescue and disaster relief shelters.

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0016] The markings in the image are as follows:

[0017] 1-Polyurea layer, 2-Polyurethane elastomer, 3-Polyurethane microporous elastomer, 4-Cylindrical cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Example 1

[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a buffer unit for emergency rescue and disaster relief shelters includes a polyurethane elastic body 2. The polyurethane elastic body 2 includes a spherical crown and a cylinder integrally formed from top to bottom. The circular bottom surface of the spherical crown and the circular top surface of the cylinder are the same size and overlap. The spherical surface of the spherical crown is coated with a polyurea layer 1. A coaxial cylindrical cavity 4 is opened from the bottom to the top at the central axis of the cylinder. Multiple symmetrically distributed polyurethane microporous elastomers 3 are wrapped inside the cylinder surrounding the cylindrical cavity 4. The central axis of the polyurethane microporous elastomers 3 is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder. The outer surfaces of the polyurethane microporous elastomers 3 are all wrapped by the polyurethane elastic body 2.

[0020] Furthermore, the number of polyurethane microporous elastomers 3 is four, and the centers of the cross-sections of the four polyurethane microporous elastomers 3 are evenly distributed on the same circumference, and the distance between each polyurethane microporous elastomer 3 and the cylindrical cavity 4 is consistent.

[0021] Furthermore, the height of the cylindrical cavity 4 is less than the height of the cylinder of the polyurethane elastic body 2, and the height of the polyurethane microporous elastomer 3 is equal to the height of the cylindrical cavity 4.

[0022] Furthermore, the density of the polyurethane microporous elastomer 3 is 0.5-0.7 g / cm³.

[0023] How to use:

[0024] Depending on the actual situation, multiple buffer units of this utility model can be installed above the emergency rescue shelter, thus effectively resisting the impact of falling rocks. Under the dual action mechanism of these buffer units, the impact reaction force borne by the protected structure can be significantly reduced, providing comprehensive and multi-layered protection for the shelter structure and ensuring that the shelter remains structurally stable even under severe impact conditions.

[0025] The structural advantages of the buffer unit of this utility model are as follows:

[0026] Dome-shaped puncture-resistant layer: The top arc structure adopts an ultra-wear-resistant polyurea elastic coating (i.e., polyurea layer 1), which can not only effectively avoid the local damage of the protective structure to sharp edges, but also decompose the impact force of falling rocks into tangential components, so that the impact kinetic energy is converted into sliding energy.

[0027] Composite energy dissipation system: The intermediate encapsulated polyurethane microporous elastomer 3 (density range 0.5-0.7 g / cm³) has excellent energy absorption properties. Its closed-cell structure can independently form the first line of defense against small to medium energy impacts.

[0028] The high-damping polyurethane elastomer 2 (Shore A88-93) and the hollow cylindrical cavity 4 work together to form a second protective barrier. When subjected to impact, the elastomer not only buffers and dissipates energy through large displacement deformation, but also further dissipates some kinetic energy through its viscoelastic response during the large displacement process.

[0029] Buffer units are specifically designed for emergency rescue and disaster relief shelters, offering numerous significant advantages thanks to their unique material properties and structural design. Their lightweight nature greatly facilitates transportation and installation; their superior cushioning performance effectively withstands impacts; and their high reusability makes them both economical and environmentally friendly. By systematically deploying multiple such units on the roof of the emergency rescue and disaster relief shelter, the impact reaction force borne by the protected structure can be significantly reduced, providing comprehensive and multi-layered protection for the shelter structure.

Claims

1. A buffer unit for a rescue and relief tunnel, characterized by, The polyurethane elastic body (2) includes a spherical crown and a cylinder integrally formed from top to bottom. The circular bottom surface of the spherical crown and the circular top surface of the cylinder are the same size and overlap. The spherical crown is coated with a polyurea layer (1). A coaxial cylindrical cavity (4) is opened from the bottom to the top at the central axis of the cylinder. Multiple symmetrically distributed polyurethane microporous elastomers (3) are wrapped in the cylinder around the cylindrical cavity (4). The central axis of the polyurethane microporous elastomers (3) is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder. The outer surfaces of the polyurethane microporous elastomers (3) are all wrapped by the polyurethane elastic body (2).

2. The buffer unit for the rescue and relief shed tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of polyurethane microporous elastomers (3) is four. The centers of the cross-sections of the four polyurethane microporous elastomers (3) are evenly distributed on the same circumference, and the distance between each polyurethane microporous elastomer (3) and the cylindrical cavity (4) is consistent.

3. The buffer unit for the rescue and relief shed tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the cylindrical cavity (4) is less than the height of the cylinder of the polyurethane elastic body (2), and the height of the polyurethane microporous elastomer (3) is equal to the height of the cylindrical cavity (4).

4. The buffer unit for the rescue and relief shed tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of the polyurethane microporous elastomer (3) is 0.5-0.7 g / cm³.

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