Irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly area
By adopting a channel structure combining precast concrete bricks and cast-in-place concrete base slabs in high-standard farmland in hilly areas, setting intermediate field ridges, water outlets and irrigation outlets, and using stilling basins and gravel filter bags wrapped with geotextile, the problem of channel blockage was solved, achieving efficient water conveyance and drainage, and meeting the construction needs of high-standard farmland.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- POWERCHINA HUADONG ENG CORP LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
In hilly areas, the irrigation canals of high-standard farmland are plagued by problems such as overgrown weeds, collapses, blockages, and poor drainage, which hinder water transport and drainage and affect crop planting and agricultural production.
The channel structure combines precast concrete bricks with cast-in-place concrete base slabs, and includes intermediate field embankments, water outlets, and irrigation outlets. It utilizes stilling basins and geotextile-wrapped gravel filter bags to optimize construction techniques, reduce sediment accumulation, and improve the roughness of the water passage cross-section.
It achieves efficient water conveyance and drainage of the canal, shortens the construction period, reduces construction costs, improves irrigation efficiency and social benefits, and meets the needs of high-standard farmland construction.
Smart Images
Figure CN224133677U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of farmland construction technology, specifically to an irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas. Background Technology
[0002] High-standard farmland refers to arable land that is flat, contiguous, well-equipped, fertile, and ecologically sound, and is adapted to modern agricultural production and management methods, ensuring stable and high yields regardless of drought or flood. The construction of high-standard farmland requires the construction of irrigation canals along the outer edges of the farmland, while simultaneously draining waterlogged areas. Under current technological conditions, these canals are mostly earthen, often overgrown with weeds, prone to collapse and blockage, hindering water flow and resulting in cascading irrigation and drainage. During rainfall, the drainage canals cannot promptly remove accumulated water, leading to flooding. The water conveyance capacity of the canals is insufficient to meet the irrigation needs of the farmland, and the drainage capacity is inadequate to meet the drainage requirements. This severely impacts the timely planting of crops, hindering the development of local agricultural production and the construction of high-standard farmland.
[0003] High-standard farmland irrigation and drainage channels in hilly areas are characterized by their routes changing along field boundaries, steep drops in channel bottom at points of field elevation change, small cross-sectional areas, short construction periods, and unfavorable conditions for large machinery operations. Traditional channel cross-sectional designs are not suitable for the construction requirements of high-standard farmland. Utility Model Content
[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas, in order to effectively solve the problems in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] An irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas includes a channel bottom, channel surfaces on both sides of the channel bottom, and a channel top at the top of the channel surface. The channel bottom is a cast-in-place concrete base slab, the channel surface is composed of multiple layers of precast concrete bricks, the channel top is a precast concrete brick capping, and precast concrete bricks are arranged along the slopes on both sides of the cast-in-place concrete base slab.
[0007] The irrigation and drainage channel is provided with a middle field ridge on one side, which is used to separate the upstream field surface from the downstream field surface; the irrigation and drainage channel has at least one water outlet upstream of the middle field ridge, and at least one irrigation outlet downstream of the middle field ridge.
[0008] Water pipes are installed at the outlet and the irrigation outlet. A side ditch is set outside the water pipe at the irrigation outlet, and a stilling pool is set at the bottom of the side ditch.
[0009] While adopting the above technical solutions, this utility model may also adopt or combine the following technical solutions:
[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: each layer of the precast concrete bricks adopts a five-header-one-stretcher joint configuration with staggered joints between upper and lower layers.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: door slots are provided at the water outlet, the irrigation outlet, and the irrigation and drainage channel 20cm downstream of the irrigation outlet, and the door slots are used to insert water-blocking inserts.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: the door groove is 8cm wide and 8cm deep on both sides, and 8cm wide and 5cm deep at the bottom.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: the water-crossing surface of the precast concrete brick is plastered with mortar.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: an upstream field ridge is provided between the upstream field surface and the channel, and a downstream field ridge is provided between the downstream field surface and the channel.
[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: at least one precast concrete brick is provided with at least one drainage pipe, and the outer opening of the drainage pipe is provided with a gravel filter bag wrapped with geotextile.
[0016] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the ditch is 30cm wide and 45cm deep.
[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: the energy dissipation pool is 40cm long and wide, and 40cm deep.
[0018] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: the irrigation and drainage channel is provided with a drop at the elevation change point.
[0019] This utility model provides an irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas, with the following beneficial effects: The channel structure combines precast concrete bricks with a cast-in-place concrete base slab, optimizing construction technology and shortening the construction period; the stilling basin prevents water from scouring the outer slope of the field embankment and downstream fields during irrigation; the use of geotextile-wrapped gravel filter bags reduces the amount of mud carried into the channel during drainage, preventing mud accumulation and affecting irrigation and drainage; compared to traditional engineering technologies, it has lower construction costs, lower cross-sectional roughness, and significantly improved water conveyance and drainage effects, resulting in better irrigation and social benefits, and can be widely applied in the field of high-standard farmland engineering. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the irrigation and drainage channel for high-standard farmland in hilly areas provided by this utility model;
[0021] Figure 2A plan of the irrigation and drainage system;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the irrigation and drainage channel;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a stilling basin;
[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of precast concrete bricks within the channel;
[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a single-layer precast concrete brick arrangement with five headers and one stretcher;
[0026] In the diagram: 1-cast-in-place concrete base slab; 2-precast concrete bricks; 3-precast concrete brick capping; 4-field ridge; 5-drainage pipe; 6-crushed stone filter bag; 7-geotextile; 8-water outlet; 9-irrigation outlet; 10-water pipe; 11-stilling basin; 12-water-blocking plate; 13-drop; 41-intermediate field ridge; 42-upstream field ridge; 43-downstream field ridge. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0028] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas includes a channel bottom, channel surfaces on both sides of the channel bottom, and a channel top at the top of the channel surface. The channel bottom is a cast-in-place concrete base slab 1, the channel surface is composed of multiple layers of precast concrete bricks 2, and the channel top is a precast concrete brick capping 3. Precast concrete bricks 2 are set along the slope on both sides of the cast-in-place concrete base slab 1, and the water-passing surface of the precast concrete bricks 2 is plastered with 2cm thick mortar.
[0029] The irrigation and drainage channel is provided with an intermediate field ridge 41, which is used to separate the upstream field surface and the downstream field surface. An upstream field ridge 42 is provided between the upstream field surface and the channel, and a downstream field ridge 43 is provided between the downstream field surface and the channel. The irrigation and drainage channel has at least one outlet 8 on the upstream field ridge 42 upstream of the intermediate field ridge 41, and at least one irrigation outlet 9 on the downstream field ridge 43 downstream of the intermediate field ridge 41, so as to facilitate farmland irrigation and drainage.
[0030] Water pipes 10 are installed at the outlet 8 and the irrigation outlet 9. A side ditch is set along the outer slope of the field ridge 4 outside the water pipe of the irrigation outlet 9. A stilling pool 11 is set at the bottom of the side ditch to prevent water from scouring the outer slope of the field ridge 4 and the downstream field during irrigation.
[0031] At least one precast concrete brick 2 is provided with at least one drainage pipe 5. The drainage pipe 5 is buried with a 5% slope. The outer opening of the drainage pipe 5 is provided with a gravel filter bag 6 wrapped with geotextile 7.
[0032] The cast-in-place concrete base slab 1, the precast concrete bricks 2, and the precast concrete brick coping 3 are all made of C20 grade concrete.
[0033] like Figure 5-6 As shown, each layer of precast concrete bricks 2 adopts a five-header-one-stretcher joint configuration with staggered joints between upper and lower layers. The horizontal arrangement of precast concrete bricks 2 is the stretcher, and the vertical arrangement of precast concrete bricks 2 is the header. Continuous joint construction is prohibited. The concrete block size is 30×20×15cm.
[0034] The outlet 8 is 40cm wide and 30cm deep, and the irrigation outlet 9 is 40cm wide and 60cm deep. If the height difference between adjacent fields is less than 60cm, the height of the irrigation outlet 9 shall be arranged according to the actual situation. The bottom elevation of the water pipe 10 shall be level with the downstream field to ensure that water can flow smoothly into the downstream field. The water pipe 10 is a DN315 PVC pipe.
[0035] The eight water outlets and ten water pipes were backfilled with concrete to ensure that the water in the field could be drained smoothly.
[0036] Gate slots are provided at 8 water outlets, 9 irrigation outlets, and 20cm downstream of irrigation outlet 9 in the irrigation and drainage channel. The gate slots are used to insert water-blocking plates 12 to raise the water level and irrigate the downstream fields.
[0037] The doorway is 8cm wide and 8cm deep on both sides, and 8cm wide and 5cm deep at the bottom.
[0038] The side ditch is 30cm wide and 45cm deep, and the stilling basin 11 is 40cm long and wide and 40cm deep.
[0039] Drainage pipe 5 is installed at the T-shaped brick joints with a spacing of 1.68m, at 1 / 3 of the distance from the bottom. Drainage pipe 5 is installed with a staggered joint and a reserved width of 3.2cm. DN32 PVC pipe is buried and M10 mortar is used to fill the joints.
[0040] The gravel filter bag 6 contains gravel with a particle size of not less than 60cm, and then 1-4mm sand or stone chips are laid on top. The gravel filter bag 6 has a size of 15×15×15cm, and is then wrapped with geotextile 7.
[0041] At locations where the elevation of high-standard farmland changes, a drop waterfall 13 is installed in the irrigation and drainage channel. The height of the retaining wall and the bottom length of the drop waterfall 13 are determined by the elevation difference between adjacent fields. The bottom is filled with 15cm thick C20 concrete. The bottom of the drop waterfall is flush with the bottom of the channel. C20 concrete stepped drop waterfalls are installed between fields, with dimensions of 0.5m × 0.5m. The total height of the drop waterfalls should not exceed 2m.
[0042] The above specific embodiments are used to explain and illustrate the present utility model, and are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made to the present utility model within the spirit and protection scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas, comprising a channel bottom, a channel surface on both sides of the channel bottom, and a channel top on the top of the channel surface, characterized in that: The bottom of the channel is a cast-in-place concrete slab (1), the surface of the channel is composed of multiple layers of precast concrete bricks (2), the top of the channel is a precast concrete brick capping (3), and precast concrete bricks (2) are set along the slope on both sides of the cast-in-place concrete slab (1). The irrigation and drainage channel is provided with a middle field ridge (41) on one side, which is used to separate the upstream field surface and the downstream field surface; the irrigation and drainage channel has at least one outlet (8) upstream of the middle field ridge (41), and the irrigation and drainage channel has at least one irrigation outlet (9) downstream of the middle field ridge (41). Water pipes (10) are provided at the outlet (8) and the irrigation outlet (9). A side ditch is provided on the outside of the water pipe at the irrigation outlet (9). A stilling pool (11) is provided at the bottom of the side ditch.
2. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast concrete bricks (2) are arranged with five headers and one stretcher in each layer, and staggered joints between upper and lower layers.
3. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet (8), the irrigation outlet (9), and the irrigation and drainage channel 20cm downstream of the irrigation outlet (9) are all provided with door slots, which are used to insert water-blocking inserts (12).
4. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The door groove is 8cm wide and 8cm deep on both sides, and 8cm wide and 5cm deep at the bottom.
5. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast concrete bricks (2) are then plastered with mortar on the water-crossing surface.
6. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upstream field embankment (42) is provided between the upstream field surface and the channel, and a downstream field embankment (43) is provided between the downstream field surface and the channel.
7. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one precast concrete brick (2) is provided with at least one drainage pipe (5), and the outer opening of the drainage pipe (5) is provided with a gravel filter bag (6) wrapped with geotextile (7).
8. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ditch is 30cm wide and 45cm deep.
9. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stilling pool (11) is 40cm long and wide, and 40cm deep.
10. The irrigation and drainage channel suitable for high-standard farmland in hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation and drainage channel is equipped with drop structures (13) at elevation changes.