Liquid collecting slope protection structure for ion type rare earth in-situ leaching mine
By setting up a protective structure of retaining walls and gravel filter layers on the slopes of rare earth mines, the problems of slope collapse and low leaching solution recovery efficiency during in-situ leaching were solved, achieving the effects of slope stability and smooth discharge of leaching solution.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INST OF EXPLORATION TECH OF CHINESE ACAD OF GEOLOGICAL SCI
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
During the in-situ leaching of ion-adsorption rare earth minerals, the slope of the liquid collection area is prone to landslides. Conventional retaining wall prevention projects are not applicable and are likely to cause piping in the soil and blockage of the drainage holes, affecting the recovery efficiency of the leaching solution.
A retaining wall is set up at the slope of the rare earth mine, and a gravel filter layer is filled between the retaining wall and the slope. The drainage holes are set at an angle, and combined with PVC pipes and liquid collection ditches, a protective structure is formed to prevent soil particles from being lost and blocked.
It effectively prevents slope collapse, ensures smooth drainage of leaching solution, protects the stability of slope structure, avoids soil piping and hole blockage, and improves the efficiency of leaching solution recovery.
Smart Images
Figure CN224133768U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of liquid collection technology in ion-type rare earth mining, specifically to a liquid collection slope protection structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth minerals. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the most mainstream mining method for ion-adsorption rare earths is in-situ leaching. This process involves injecting leaching solution into the ore-bearing slope through in-situ drilling to leach and recover adsorbed mineral ions. It is achieved through an injection and collection system. To improve the efficiency of mother liquor recovery, collection projects such as collection ditches are often excavated at the foot of the slope during the leaching process. This requires slope cutting to form steep slopes. Under the continuous seepage of the leaching solution, the steep slopes in the collection area are prone to collapse or even landslides and other geological disasters, which seriously harm the production, living conditions, and surrounding environment of the mining area.
[0003] The in-situ leaching liquid recovery system mainly relies on a large number of diversion holes set in the slope to divert the leaching liquid in the slope to the liquid accumulation ditch at the toe of the slope for preliminary recovery. The setting of diversion holes and other engineering works in the slope increases the difficulty of the layout of slope protection engineering. Conventional slope protection engineering such as retaining walls is no longer applicable. Conventional retaining walls achieve the recovery of leaching liquid by opening drainage holes, but problems such as soil piping and drainage hole blockage are prone to occur during the injection process. It is necessary to take targeted structural optimization on the basis of meeting stability requirements and propose a liquid recovery system that can achieve the effect of slope protection without affecting the recovery of leaching liquid. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid collection and slope protection structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth minerals, aiming to solve the problem of easy landslides on the slopes of the liquid collection area during the in-situ leaching process of ion-type rare earth minerals.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A liquid collection and slope protection structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth minerals includes a retaining wall set beside a rare earth mine slope, wherein a drainage hole is provided on the retaining wall. The structure is characterized in that a gravel filter layer is provided between the retaining wall and the slope, and the end of the drainage hole near the slope extends to the gravel filter layer.
[0007] Furthermore, a liquid accumulation ditch is provided below the side of the retaining wall away from the gravel filter layer, and the liquid accumulation ditch is located below the discharge hole.
[0008] Furthermore, both the retaining wall and the slurry drainage ditch are constructed of cast concrete.
[0009] Furthermore, multiple PVC pipes are pre-embedded within the retaining wall, and all of the multiple PVC pipes penetrate the retaining wall, forming multiple drainage holes.
[0010] Furthermore, the drain hole is inclined, and the end of the drain hole away from the gravel filter layer is the lowest inclined end.
[0011] Furthermore, an impermeable layer is provided below the gravel filter layer.
[0012] Furthermore, the impermeable layer is a clay layer.
[0013] Furthermore, the impermeable layer is a grouting layer.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0015] In this invention, a retaining wall is installed at the slope of an ion-adsorption rare earth mine. A through-hole is installed within the retaining wall. A horizontal drilling rig is then used to drill through the through-hole into the slope, completing the construction of the guide holes within the slope. Finally, a gravel filter layer is filled between the retaining wall and the slope. In this design, the retaining wall protects the slope, while the gravel filter layer isolates fine sand particles within the slope, preventing piping during leaching and protecting the stability of the slope structure. It also prevents sand particles from clogging the through-holes, ensuring the smooth discharge of the leaching solution. The principle of the gravel filter layer is that the graded gravel layers are laid with a particle size ranging from fine to coarse along the water flow direction. Particles in each layer are not allowed to pass through the pores of the adjacent coarser layer, thus preventing soil loss. This design allows the leaching solution to flow smoothly, while soil particles are retained in the filter layer, preventing them from being carried away by the water flow and preventing piping and soil erosion. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:
[0020] 1. Slope; 2. Retaining wall; 3. Drainage hole; 4. Gravel filter layer; 5. Drainage hole; 6. Liquid accumulation ditch; 7. Clay layer; 8. Grouting layer. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0022] Example 1
[0023] A liquid collection and slope protection structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth minerals, referring to Figure 1 It includes a retaining wall 2 set next to the rare earth mine slope 1, with a drainage hole 3 on the retaining wall 2, and a gravel filter layer 4 set between the retaining wall 2 and the slope 1. The end of the drainage hole 3 near the slope 1 extends to the gravel filter layer 4.
[0024] In this scheme, a retaining wall 2 is set at the slope 1 of the ion-adsorption rare earth ore, and a through-hole 3 is set inside the retaining wall 2. Then, a horizontal drilling rig is used to drill through the through-hole 3 on the retaining wall 2 into the slope to complete the construction of the guide hole 5 in the slope. Then, a gravel filter layer 4 is filled between the retaining wall 2 and the slope 1. In this scheme, the retaining wall 2 can protect the slope, and the gravel filter layer 4 can isolate the fine sand particles in the slope, which can prevent soil piping during the injection process to a certain extent, which is conducive to protecting the stability of the slope structure. At the same time, it can also prevent the sand particles in the slope from blocking the through-hole 3 to a certain extent, thereby ensuring the smooth discharge of the leaching solution. The principle of the gravel filter layer 4 is that by laying graded gravel layers, the particle size gradually increases from fine to coarse along the water flow direction. Particles in each layer are not allowed to pass through the pores of the adjacent coarser layer, thus preventing soil loss. This design allows the leaching solution to flow smoothly, while soil particles are retained in the filter layer, preventing them from being carried away by the water flow and thus preventing piping and soil erosion. To reduce the amount of gravel discharged through the discharge holes 3 in the gravel filter layer 4, a filter screen can be installed at the discharge holes 3. The pore size of the filter screen is smaller than the particle size of the gravel near the retaining wall 2 in the gravel filter layer 4.
[0025] Example 2
[0026] Based on Example 1, in this example, refer to Figure 1 A liquid accumulation ditch 6 is provided below the side of the retaining wall 2 away from the gravel filter layer 4. The liquid accumulation ditch 6 is located below the discharge hole 3. Both the retaining wall 2 and the liquid accumulation ditch 6 are made of C20 concrete.
[0027] By setting up a slurry collection ditch 6 below the retaining wall 2, it is convenient to receive and collect the leaching liquid discharged from the slope, which facilitates the subsequent recycling of the leaching liquid.
[0028] Example 3
[0029] Based on Example 1, in this example, refer to Figure 1 Multiple PVC pipes are pre-embedded inside the retaining wall 2. All the PVC pipes penetrate the retaining wall 2 and form multiple drainage holes 3. The drainage holes 3 are inclined, that is, the multiple PVC pipes and the guide holes 5 in the slope are all inclined, and the end of the PVC pipe away from the gravel filter layer 4 is the lowest inclined end, which facilitates the rapid discharge of leaching liquid.
[0030] Example 4
[0031] Based on Example 1, in this example, refer to Figure 1 Below the gravel filter layer 4, there is a seepage barrier layer, which is a clay layer 7. Before filling the gravel filter layer 4, a layer of clay layer 7 is filled and compacted at the bottom between the retaining wall 2 and the slope, and then the gravel filter layer 4 is filled. The clay layer 7 can reduce the leakage of leaching solution into the ground to a certain extent.
[0032] Example 5
[0033] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that, in this embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 2 The seepage prevention layer is the grouting layer 8. After filling the gravel filter layer 4, grouting is performed by drilling horizontal holes at the bottom of the retaining wall 2 to form the grouting layer 8. The grouting layer 8 is used for seepage prevention to reduce the leakage of leaching solution.
[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A slope protection structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth minerals, comprising a retaining wall (2) disposed beside a rare earth mine slope (1), wherein the retaining wall (2) is provided with drainage holes (3), characterized in that: A gravel filter layer (4) is provided between the retaining wall (2) and the slope (1), and the drain hole (3) extends from one end of the slope (1) to the gravel filter layer (4).
2. The liquid collecting and protecting structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid accumulation ditch (6) is provided below the side of the retaining wall (2) away from the gravel filter layer (4), and the liquid accumulation ditch (6) is located below the drain hole (3).
3. The liquid collecting and protecting structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth ores according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the retaining wall (2) and the slurry ditch (6) are made of concrete.
4. The liquid collecting and protecting structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple PVC pipes are pre-embedded in the retaining wall (2), and all of the multiple PVC pipes penetrate the retaining wall (2), forming multiple drainage holes (3).
5. A liquid-collecting slope protection structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth minerals according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The drain hole (3) is inclined, and the end of the drain hole (3) away from the gravel filter layer (4) is the lowest inclined end.
6. The liquid collecting and protecting structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: An impermeable layer is provided below the gravel filter layer (4).
7. The liquid collecting and protecting structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth ores according to claim 6, characterized in that: The impermeable layer is a clay layer (7).
8. The liquid collecting and protecting structure for in-situ leaching of ion-type rare earth ore according to claim 6, characterized in that: The impermeable layer is a grouting layer (8).