Particle storage tank and solar power generation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a particle storage tank and a solar power generation system, the particle storage tank comprises a storage tank body, the storage tank body is used for storing particles, a communication part is arranged on the storage tank body, and an external filling medium enters the storage tank body through the communication part so as to eliminate a heat exchange medium bypass in the storage tank body. The particle storage tank provided by the utility model solves the problem that the overall heat exchange efficiency of the storage tank is reduced due to the existence of a heat exchange medium bypass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of storage tanks, and more particularly to a pellet storage tank and a solar power generation system. Technical Background

[0002] Particles, as an economical and temperature-independent thermal storage material, have demonstrated wide applicability in various thermal storage applications. Their efficient energy storage systems typically involve filling storage tanks with particles as a thermal storage medium, with heat exchange occurring between the particles and an intermediate heat exchange medium. However, the relatively large diameter of the particles used in solid-state energy storage technology leads to gaps or heat exchange medium bypasses at the contact points between the particles and the tank wall in conventional tank designs. The heat exchange medium preferentially flows through these bypasses, preventing sufficient heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the storage medium, thus reducing overall heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a pellet storage tank and a solar power generation system, which solves the problem that the bypass of the heat exchange medium in the storage tank reduces the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides a granular storage tank, including a tank body for storing granules; the tank body is provided with a communication portion, through which an external filling medium enters the tank body to eliminate the bypass of the heat exchange medium inside the tank body.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sidewall of the storage tank body has a double-layer structure, the double-layer structure includes an inner wall and an outer wall surrounding the inner wall, and a cavity is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall; the connecting portion includes a first injection hole group formed on the outer wall, a second injection hole group formed on the inner wall, and a third injection hole group formed on the upper end face of the sidewall; the external filling medium enters the storage tank body sequentially through the first injection hole group and / or the third injection hole group, the cavity, and the second injection hole group to fill the heat exchange medium bypass in the storage tank body.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of first injection hole groups are sequentially provided on the outer wall along its height direction, and a plurality of second injection hole groups are sequentially provided on the inner wall along its height direction.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, multiple sets of first injection hole groups correspond one-to-one with multiple sets of second injection hole groups.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first injection hole group includes a plurality of first injection holes distributed sequentially along the circumference of the outer wall; the second injection hole group includes a plurality of second injection holes distributed sequentially along the circumference of the inner wall; and the third hole group includes a plurality of third injection holes arranged in a ring on the upper end face of the side wall.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, both the first injection hole and the third injection hole may be detachably fitted with a sealing element.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing element is a threaded sealing element, and both the first injection hole and the third injection hole are provided with internal threads adapted to the threaded sealing element.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle storage tank further includes a sensor group disposed on the outer wall of the storage tank body for detecting the deformation of the storage tank body.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sensor groups are arranged sequentially along the height direction of the tank body, and each sensor group includes a plurality of sensors arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the tank body.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor is a displacement sensor, and there is a gap between the probe of the displacement sensor and the outer wall of the tank body.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the storage tank body is provided with a sensor bracket for mounting the sensor group.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a solar power generation system, including the particle storage tank described in any of the preceding claims.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The granular storage tank provided by the present invention can effectively avoid the problem of heat exchange medium bypass during the filling process of the granular storage tank. Therefore, it can improve the heat storage and heat exchange capacity of the granular storage tank, reduce the heat storage and heat exchange cost, and ensure the high-efficiency operation of the granular storage tank.

[0018] 2. The pellet storage tank provided by the present invention is equipped with a sensor group for detecting the deformation of the tank body, which can detect the degree of deformation of the pellet storage tank in real time, so that the staff can take corresponding measures based on the data obtained by the detection and ensure the safe operation of the pellet storage tank.

[0019] 3. The granular storage tank provided by the present invention facilitates the entry of external filling medium into the storage tank body through the double-layer structure of the side wall of the storage tank body, thereby eliminating the bypass of the heat exchange medium. Furthermore, when the filling medium in the interlayer cavity is a heat-resistant foaming agent material, it can provide heat insulation performance for the storage tank body on the one hand, and on the other hand, due to its certain elasticity and plasticity, it can support and buffer the granules at the side wall of the storage tank body and the inner wall of the storage tank body. Combined with the double-sided structure of the outer wall of the storage tank body, it can also reduce or avoid the problem of excessive stress caused by the thermal ratchet effect. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the particle storage tank structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the central I section structure;

[0022] Figure 3 For along Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of line AA in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the unfolded inner wall of a particle storage tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Icon labels:

[0025] 1. Outer wall; 2. Inner wall; 3. Foaming agent material; 4. First injection hole; 5. Third injection hole; 6. Displacement sensor; 7. Sensor bracket; 8. Inlet / exhaust port; 9. Inlet / exhaust port; 10. Cover plate; 11. Base plate; 12. Particles. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a granular storage tank, including a tank body for storing granules; the tank body is provided with a connecting part, through which an external filling medium enters the tank body to eliminate the bypass of the heat exchange medium in the tank body.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the granule storage tank is being filled with granules, after the granule filling is completely finished, the external filling medium is transported into the storage tank body through the connecting part to eliminate the bypass of the heat exchange medium in the storage tank body. Alternatively, after filling a certain height of granules, the external filling medium is transported into the storage tank body through the connecting part to eliminate the bypass of the heat exchange medium in the storage tank body until the granule filling is complete.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the sidewall of the storage tank body has a double-layer structure, which includes an inner wall 2 and an outer wall 1 surrounding the inner wall 2. An interlayer cavity is formed between the inner wall 2 and the outer wall 1, and the double-layer structure of the sidewall provides a filling passage for the filling medium.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the tank body is provided with a connecting part, which includes a first injection hole group opened on the outer wall 1, a second injection hole group opened on the inner wall 2, and a third injection hole group opened on the upper end face of the side wall; the external filling medium enters the tank body in sequence through the first injection hole group and / or the third injection hole group, the interlayer cavity, and the second injection hole group to fill the heat exchange medium bypass in the tank body.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 As shown, multiple sets of first injection holes are sequentially arranged along the height direction on the outer wall 1, and multiple sets of second injection holes are sequentially arranged along the height direction on the inner wall 2; the multiple sets of first injection holes correspond one-to-one with the multiple sets of second injection holes; by opening injection hole groups at different height positions, the bypass of the heat exchange medium inside the tank body is completely eliminated. In addition, the inner diameter of the second injection hole group is smaller than the diameter of the particles, preventing particles from leaking out of the tank body through the interlayer cavity.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the first injection hole group includes multiple first injection holes 4 arranged sequentially along the outer wall 1 circumferentially; the second injection hole group includes multiple second injection holes arranged sequentially along the inner wall circumferentially; the third injection hole group includes multiple third injection holes 5 arranged in a ring on the upper end face of the side wall; the third injection hole group is provided in the cover plate portion corresponding to the interlayer cavity. The multiple first injection holes 4, multiple second injection holes, and multiple third injection holes 5 arranged along the height and circumference of the tank body further ensure that the bypass of the heat exchange medium within the tank body is completely eliminated.

[0035] Furthermore, the diameter of the second injection hole is smaller than the particle diameter to prevent particles from entering the interlayer cavity through the second injection hole. The shape and arrangement of the second injection hole can be designed according to the actual situation, and the present invention does not limit it.

[0036] Both the first injection hole 4 and the third injection hole 5 can be detachably installed with seals. When the heat exchange medium bypass is filled with external filling medium, the elimination of the heat exchange medium bypass is completed, and the first injection hole 4 and the third injection hole 5 are sealed by the seals.

[0037] In one embodiment, the seal is a threaded seal, and both the first injection hole 4 and the third injection hole 5 are provided with internal threads adapted to the threaded seal. The present invention does not limit the type of seal; the seal can also be a sealing plug, an expansion plug, a sealant, etc.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 As shown, a third injection hole is formed on the inner wall in a uniform and orderly arrangement. The diameter of the third injection hole is smaller than the diameter of the particle. It should be noted that the shape of the third injection hole is not limited to circular, hexagonal, etc. In addition, the shapes of the first and second injection holes are not limited here, and the shapes of the first, second, and third injection holes can be different, completely the same, or partially the same.

[0039] Due to the thermal ratchet effect, prolonged operation of granular storage tanks can lead to excessive stress on the outer wall of the tank body, potentially causing equipment damage and personnel safety issues. In this embodiment, the filling medium within the interlayer cavity is a heat-resistant foaming agent. This heat-resistant foaming agent possesses a certain degree of elasticity and plasticity, providing support and buffering for the tank wall and the granules within it, thus reducing or preventing excessive stress. Furthermore, the heat-resistant foaming agent, with its heat-resistant and insulating properties, can replace the insulation cotton on the outer wall of the storage tank, reducing costs.

[0040] Among them, the heat-resistant foaming agent material can be silicone foam, polyetheretherketone foam, polyimide foam, etc., and those skilled in the art can make reasonable selections according to the requirements of heat resistance, mechanical strength, chemical corrosion resistance and environmental adaptability.

[0041] Furthermore, the pellet storage tank in this embodiment also includes a sensor group disposed on the outer wall 1 of the tank body for detecting the deformation of the tank body. The sensor group detects the deformation data of the outer wall 1 of the tank in real time to ensure the safe operation of the pellet storage tank. In this embodiment, through the supporting and buffering effect of the filling medium and the real-time detection of the sensor group, the problems of equipment damage and personnel safety caused by the thermal ratchet effect are solved synergistically from the aspects of reducing or avoiding excessive stress and ensuring the safe operation of the pellet storage tank.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a sensor bracket 7 for installing sensor groups is provided outside the particle storage tank.

[0043] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, multiple sensor groups are sequentially arranged along the height of the tank body. Each sensor group includes multiple sensors distributed sequentially along the circumference of the outer wall 1 of the tank body. By setting multiple sensors at different height positions and circumferential positions, the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the deformation data monitoring of the outer wall 1 of the granular storage tank are ensured.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the sensor is a displacement sensor 6. There is a gap between the probe of the displacement sensor 6 and the outer wall 1 of the storage tank body. The displacement sensor 6 is fixed to the outside of the storage tank body by a sensor bracket 7. In use, the outer wall 1 of the storage tank body after the particles are filled is the detection zero point.

[0045] The sensor in this embodiment can also be a strain gauge, fiber optic sensor, eddy current sensor, capacitive sensor, etc. Those skilled in the art can select the appropriate sensor based on the specific application environment (such as temperature, humidity, pressure, etc.), measurement range, measurement accuracy, response speed, and ease of installation and maintenance.

[0046] In one embodiment, before using the displacement sensor 6 for measurement, the measuring point on the outer wall 1 is ground. The grinding area is a circular area centered on the measuring point, and the size of the grinding area is adjusted according to the sensor measurement requirements.

[0047] In this embodiment, the grinding area is a circular area with a diameter of 10mm centered on the measuring point. Grinding makes the surface of this area smooth and flat. After the particles are filled, the grinding area corresponds to the outer wall 1 of the tank body as the detection zero point. Preferably, the probe of the displacement sensor 6 is spaced 1mm from the outer wall 1.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the tank body includes a cover plate 10 and a bottom plate 11. The inner wall 2 and the outer wall 1 are respectively welded between the cover plate 10 and the bottom plate 11. The cover plate 10 is equipped with an inlet / outlet port 8 that communicates with the inner cavity of the tank body, and the bottom plate 11 is equipped with an inlet / outlet port 9 that communicates with the inner cavity of the tank body. The cover plate 10 is provided with a third injection hole 5. The inlet / outlet ports installed on the cover plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 are all equipped with standard flanges for connecting to heat exchange gas pipelines. In addition, the inlet / outlet port 8 can also be used as a feed port when filling granules.

[0049] In one embodiment, both the first and second injection hole groups are provided in three sets. The three sets of first and second injection hole groups are located at 1 / 4, 2 / 4, and 3 / 4 of the height of the tank body, respectively. Each set of first and second injection hole groups at each height includes four injection holes, and the third injection hole group also includes four injection holes. The sensor group includes three sets of sensor groups located at 1 / 4, 2 / 4, and 3 / 4 of the height of the tank body, respectively. Each sensor group includes four displacement sensors 6 evenly distributed along the circumference of the tank body. It should be noted that the present invention does not specifically limit the number of the first, second, and third injection hole groups and the sensor groups, nor does it limit the specific number of the first injection holes 4, second injection holes, and displacement sensors 6. Those skilled in the art can select according to the actual application scenario, filling requirements, measurement range, measurement accuracy, response speed, and ease of installation and maintenance. The following uses this configuration as an example to illustrate the specific usage of the granular storage tank in the present invention:

[0050] S1. Particle filling is carried out through the inlet / outlet 8 at the top of the tank body. The height of the particle filling is observed through the inlet / outlet 8 and the first injection hole 4 and / or the second injection hole and / or the third injection hole 5 located at different locations.

[0051] S2. When the height of the granular packing reaches 1 / 4 of the height of the tank body, the external filling medium is injected into the interlayer cavity through the first injection hole 4, which is uniformly arranged at 1 / 4 of the height of the tank body. The external filling medium enters the tank body through the second injection hole to eliminate the bypass of the heat exchange medium.

[0052] S3. When the filling height of the external filling medium reaches 1 / 4 of the height of the tank body, stop the injection and then seal the first injection hole with a sealant.

[0053] S4. The filling process of the entire storage tank body is divided into 4 stages. Repeat the above process until the tank body is completely filled.

[0054] S5. After filling, 16 displacement sensors 6 (4 at each height) are evenly arranged at the heights of 1 / 4, 2 / 4, 3 / 4 and the top of the tank to detect the degree of deformation of the outer wall 1 of the tank body during operation.

[0055] S6. Grind the measuring point on the outer wall 1 to make the surface of the area smooth and flat. Set the grinding area as a circular area with a diameter of 10mm centered on the measuring point, and take the outer wall 1 of the filled storage tank body as the detection zero point.

[0056] S7. The displacement sensor 6 is fixed to the outside of the tank body by four sensor brackets 7. The probe of the displacement sensor 6 is adjusted to be 1mm away from the outer wall 1.

[0057] The following are based on a base area of ​​5m²2 Taking a storage tank body with a height of 15m as an example, the implementation effect of using the granular storage tank provided in this embodiment is explained.

[0058] Heating process (without interlayer cavity):

[0059] The particles had an initial temperature of 20℃, a specific heat capacity of 0.75 KJ / (kg×K), and a density of 1.35-1.45 g / cm³. 3 .

[0060] Tank volume = 5 × 15 = 75 m³ 3 The actual filling amount of the particles is approximately 70m³. 3 Approximately 94.5 tons.

[0061] The particles are heated using hot air at a temperature of 400℃, with an air flow rate of 1000m³. 3 / h, heating time 24 hours.

[0062] After the heating process was completed, the particle temperature was measured to be approximately 32°C, and the air temperature was approximately 156.3°C.

[0063] Calculation of heat release from air:

[0064] The specific heat capacity cp of hot air is approximately 1.005 kJ / (kg×K), and its density is approximately 0.362 kg / m³.

[0065] The mass flow rate of air is m = 5000 × 0.362 = 362 kg / h

[0066] The change in air temperature ΔT = 400 - 156.3 = 243.7℃

[0067] The heat released by the air = m × cp × ΔT × t = 362 × 1.005 × 243.7 × 24 = 2127851.9 kJ

[0068] Calculation of heat absorbed by particles:

[0069] Particle temperature change ΔT = 32 - 20 = 12℃

[0070] Particle mass m = 94500 kg

[0071] The specific heat capacity (cp) of the particles is approximately 0.75 kJ / (kg×K).

[0072] Heat absorbed by the particles = m × cp × ΔT = 94500 × 0.75 × 12 = 850800 KJ

[0073] Heat exchange efficiency = Heat absorbed by particles / Heat released by air = 850800 / 2127851.9 = 39.969% ≈ 40%

[0074] Heating process (with interlayer cavity):

[0075] The particles had an initial temperature of 20℃, a specific heat capacity of 0.75 KJ / (kg×K), and a density of 1.35-1.45 g / cm³. 3 .

[0076] Tank volume = 5 × 15 = 75 m³ 3 The actual filling amount of the particles is approximately 70m³. 3 Approximately 94.5 tons.

[0077] The particles are heated using hot air at a temperature of 400℃, with an air flow rate of 1000m³. 3 / h, heating time 24 hours.

[0078] After the heating process was completed, the particle temperature was measured to be approximately 52.52℃, and the air temperature was approximately 89.4℃.

[0079] Calculation of heat release from air:

[0080] The specific heat capacity (cp) of hot air is approximately 1.005 kJ / (kg×K), and its density is approximately 0.362 kg / m³. 3 .

[0081] The mass flow rate of air is m = 5000 × 0.362 = 362 kg / h

[0082] The change in air temperature ΔT = 400 - 89.4 = 310.6℃

[0083] Heat released by air = m × cp × ΔT × t = 362 × 1.005 × 310.6 × 24 = 2711985.264 kJ

[0084] Calculation of heat absorbed by particles:

[0085] The temperature change of the particles, ΔT, is calculated as follows: 52.52 - 20 = 32.52℃

[0086] Particle mass m = 94500 kg

[0087] The specific heat capacity (cp) of the particles is approximately 0.75 kJ / (kg×K).

[0088] Heat absorbed by the particles = m × cp × ΔT = 94500 × 0.75 × 32.52 = 2304855 KJ

[0089] Heat exchange efficiency = Heat absorbed by particles / Heat released by air = 2304855 / 2711985.264 = 84.9% ≈ 85%

[0090] The heat exchange efficiency increased from 40% to 85% during the heat exchange test, indicating that the problem of heat exchange medium bypass was effectively solved. At the same time, after 1,000 heat exchange cycle tests, the measurement data of displacement sensor 6 installed on the outer wall 1 was still within the expected range, indicating that the deformation of the storage tank was effectively controlled.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] This embodiment provides a solar power generation system, including the pellet storage tank in Embodiment 1.

[0093] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A granule storage tank characterized by, It includes a storage tank body for storing particles; the storage tank body is provided with a connecting part, through which an external filling medium enters the storage tank body to eliminate the bypass of the heat exchange medium inside the storage tank body.

2. A granular storage tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein The sidewall of the storage tank body has a double-layer structure, which includes an inner wall and an outer wall surrounding the inner wall, with a cavity formed between the inner wall and the outer wall. The connecting part includes a first injection hole group on the outer wall, a second injection hole group on the inner wall, and a third injection hole group on the upper end face of the sidewall. The external filling medium enters the storage tank body sequentially through the first injection hole group and / or the third injection hole group, the cavity, and the second injection hole group to fill the heat exchange medium bypass in the storage tank body.

3. A granular storage tank as claimed in claim 2, wherein Multiple sets of the first injection hole group are sequentially arranged on the outer wall along its height direction, and multiple sets of the second injection hole group are sequentially arranged on the inner wall along its height direction.

4. A granular storage tank as claimed in claim 3, wherein Multiple sets of the first injection hole group correspond one-to-one with multiple sets of the second injection hole group.

5. A granular storage tank as claimed in claim 4, wherein The first injection hole group includes a plurality of first injection holes distributed sequentially along the circumference of the outer wall; the second injection hole group includes a plurality of second injection holes distributed sequentially along the circumference of the inner wall; and the third injection hole group includes a plurality of third injection holes arranged in a ring on the upper end face of the side wall.

6. A granular storage tank as claimed in claim 5, wherein Both the first injection hole and the third injection hole can be detachably fitted with seals.

7. A granular storage tank as claimed in claim 6, wherein The sealing element is a threaded sealing element, and both the first injection hole and the third injection hole are provided with internal threads adapted to the threaded sealing element.

8. A pellet storage tank according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The particle storage tank also includes a sensor group for detecting the deformation of the tank body, the sensor group being located outside the tank body.

9. A particulate storage tank according to claim 8, wherein Multiple sets of sensor groups are sequentially arranged along the height of the tank body, and each set of sensor groups includes multiple sensors distributed sequentially along the circumference of the outer wall of the tank body.

10. A particulate storage tank according to claim 9, wherein The sensor is a displacement sensor, and there is a gap between the probe of the displacement sensor and the outer wall of the tank body.

11. A granular storage tank as claimed in claim 9, wherein The storage tank body is provided with a sensor bracket for mounting the sensor group.

12. A solar power system, characterized by, Includes the particle storage tank according to any one of claims 1-11.

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