Fireproof and explosion-proof structure of base station energy storage lithium battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fireproof and explosion-proof structure of an energy storage lithium battery pack of a base station, which comprises a box body provided with a detachable top plate; the plurality of cabin bodies are arranged in the box body at equal intervals and are detachably arranged in the box body, the plurality of cabin bodies are arranged in a honeycomb shape, and lithium batteries are arranged in the plurality of cabin bodies; the plurality of cover plates are respectively arranged at the tops of the plurality of cabin bodies, and the plurality of cover plates are detachably connected with the plurality of cabin bodies; the first end of the spraying assembly is arranged on the box body, and the second end of the spraying assembly extends into the box body and penetrates through the multiple cover plates to be arranged in the cabin bodies, so that the spraying assembly covers the multiple cabin bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of base station technology, specifically to a fireproof and explosion-proof structure for a base station energy storage lithium battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G base stations and new energy storage, lithium battery packs are widely used due to their high energy density, but the risk of fire and explosion caused by thermal runaway has become a pain point in the industry.

[0003] Traditional base station energy storage battery boxes mostly adopt an integral structure, which has the following drawbacks:

[0004] High risk of thermal runaway propagation: The battery pack is centrally located, and thermal runaway of a single battery can easily trigger a chain reaction, lacking physical isolation and flame-retardant barriers; Insufficient passive protection: It relies on external fire protection systems with delayed response and cannot actively suppress the sudden rise in internal battery temperature; Uneven heat dissipation: Natural convection heat dissipation efficiency is low, and heat easily accumulates in high-temperature areas, accelerating battery aging. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, one objective of this utility model is to provide a fire-resistant and explosion-proof structure for a base station energy storage lithium battery pack, comprising:

[0006] The enclosure has a removable top plate.

[0007] Multiple compartments are equally spaced within the box and are detachably disposed within the box. The multiple compartments are arranged in a honeycomb pattern, and the multiple compartments are adapted to house lithium batteries.

[0008] Multiple cover plates are respectively disposed on the top of multiple compartments, and the multiple cover plates are detachably connected to the multiple compartments;

[0009] A spray assembly, wherein a first end of the spray assembly is disposed on the housing, and a second end of the spray assembly extends into the housing and passes through multiple cover plates disposed in the chamber, so that the spray assembly covers multiple chambers;

[0010] An air supply assembly, wherein a first end of the air supply assembly is disposed on one side of the housing, and a second end of the air supply assembly extends into the housing and penetrates the bottom of the housing and communicates with the housing, so as to be suitable for supplying air into multiple housings and reducing the temperature in multiple housings.

[0011] Preferably, the box body is provided with a fixing plate, which is spaced apart from the bottom of the box body to form a cavity.

[0012] Preferably, air ducts are provided on both sides of the cavity, and the air ducts extend through the side of the housing.

[0013] Preferably, the cabin is provided with a fixing cylinder, the lithium battery is placed inside the fixing cylinder, and the space between the cabin and the fixing cylinder is filled with aerogel.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the cabin is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, which are arranged at equal intervals around the top of the cabin.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the cover plate is provided with a plurality of positioning posts, which are arranged at equal intervals around the cover plate, and the plurality of positioning posts correspond to a plurality of positioning holes.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the cover plate is provided with a spray head, and the top of the spray head extends to the top of the cover plate.

[0017] Preferably, the spray assembly includes:

[0018] Two fixing seats are spaced apart on the top plate;

[0019] Two compression tanks are respectively mounted on two fixed bases, and the two compression tanks are filled with coolant;

[0020] A first connecting pipe, the first end of which is connected to the two compression tanks respectively;

[0021] The second connecting pipe has its first end connected to the third end of the first connecting pipe, and its second end connected to the spray head.

[0022] Preferably, the bottom of the cabin is provided with a third connecting pipe, which passes through the fixing plate in a vertical direction.

[0023] Preferably, the air supply assembly includes:

[0024] The first fixing frame is disposed on one side of the box body;

[0025] The fan is mounted on the first fixed frame;

[0026] The air duct has one end connected to the air outlet of the fan, and the other end extends into the housing and is connected to the third connecting pipe.

[0027] The above-described solution of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The battery modules are independently separated within the cabin, and combined with the aerogel filling layer, a triple isolation barrier of heat, electricity, and explosion is formed to block the propagation path of thermal runaway; the removable cover and cabin: the modular design allows for quick replacement of faulty batteries, reducing maintenance costs; the spray system provides precise coverage: the spray components penetrate all cabins, directly spraying coolant onto the battery surface; the fan injects cold air into the bottom of the cabin through the air duct, forming a bottom-up convection circulation to reduce the battery operating temperature.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fireproof and explosion-proof structure of the base station energy storage lithium battery pack provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part B;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cabin provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0036] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0037] 1. Container body; 2. Cabin body; 3. Cover plate; 4. Spray assembly; 5. Air supply assembly;

[0038] 101. Fixing plate; 102. Air duct opening;

[0039] 201. Fixing cylinder; 202. Positioning hole;

[0040] 301. Positioning column; 302. Spray head;

[0041] 401. Fixing base; 402. Compression tank; 403. First connecting pipe; 404. Second connecting pipe;

[0042] 501, First fixed frame; 502, Fan.

[0043] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "circumferential", "radial", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0049] The following describes in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a fireproof and explosion-proof structure for a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Please see Figures 1-5 In this embodiment, the system includes: a housing 1 with a detachable top plate; multiple compartments 2, which are equally spaced and detachably disposed within the housing 1, arranged in a honeycomb pattern, and each compartment 2 is suitable for housing lithium batteries; multiple cover plates 3, which are respectively disposed on the top of the multiple compartments 2 and detachably connected to the multiple compartments 2; a spray assembly 4, with a first end disposed on the housing 1 and a second end extending into the housing 1 and penetrating through the multiple cover plates 3 within the compartments 2, so that the spray assembly 4 covers the multiple compartments 2; and an air supply assembly 5, with a first end disposed on one side of the housing 1 and a second end extending into the housing 1 and penetrating through the bottom of the compartments 2 and communicating with them, so as to supply air into the multiple compartments 2 and reduce the temperature within the multiple compartments 2.

[0051] Multiple compartments 2 are arranged in a honeycomb pattern at equal intervals within the housing 1, forming independently separated battery storage spaces. The honeycomb structure naturally possesses high compressive strength and load dispersion characteristics, which can effectively prevent the heat, flame, or explosion shock wave generated by the thermal runaway of lithium batteries in a single compartment 2 from spreading to adjacent compartments 2, reducing the risk of chain reactions. At the same time, the honeycomb layout maximizes the use of the internal space of the housing 1, increasing energy storage density. The compartments 2 and housing 1, as well as the cover plate 3 and compartment 2, adopt detachable connection structures, allowing for quick disassembly of faulty battery modules for individual replacement or maintenance, avoiding the defects of traditional integrated structures that require downtime for maintenance, and significantly reducing the operation and maintenance interruption time of base station energy storage. The first end of the spray assembly 4 is fixed to the housing 1, and the second end penetrates through the cover plate 3 on the top of all compartments 2 and extends into the interior of the compartment 2, so that the spray range covers the entire lithium battery pack. Once a fire is detected, the coolant can be applied directly and evenly to the battery surface within each compartment 2 via the spray assembly 4, achieving rapid cooling and extinguishing of the fire, preventing the spread of localized fires. The air supply assembly 5 extends from one side of the housing 1 to the bottom of the compartment 2, creating a bottom-up airflow circulation through forced air supply, continuously injecting external cool air into the compartment 2 to accelerate battery pack heat dissipation. This design can actively reduce the battery operating temperature, delay thermal runaway, and prevent heat accumulation in high-temperature areas, thus extending battery life.

[0052] In this embodiment, a fixing plate 101 is provided inside the housing 1. The fixing plate 101 is spaced apart from the bottom of the housing 1 to form a cavity. Air duct openings 102 are provided on both sides of the cavity, and the air duct openings 102 penetrate the side of the housing 1. The fixing plate 101 is made of aluminum plate or other heat-conducting material. The cavity formed by the fixing plate 101 and the bottom of the housing 1, combined with the air duct openings 102 on both sides penetrating the side of the housing 1, constitutes a horizontal ventilation channel. External air can enter the cavity through the air duct 102 via natural convection or forced flow, quickly removing heat accumulated at the bottom of the battery compartment, preventing the formation of high-temperature areas, and improving heat dissipation efficiency. The fixing plate 101, made of aluminum or other high thermal conductivity materials, can quickly conduct heat transferred from the bottom of the compartment 2 laterally to the air duct 102 area on both sides of the cavity, preventing local overheating. At the same time, the aluminum fixing plate 101 is lightweight and corrosion-resistant, reducing the overall weight of the enclosure 1. The fixing plate 101 and the cavity at the bottom of the enclosure 1 form a double-layer support structure, improving the overall compressive strength of the enclosure 1. In the event of battery thermal runaway or external mechanical impact, the cavity can absorb some energy and disperse stress, preventing the enclosure 1 from deforming or cracking, and ensuring the stability of the internal battery modules. The design of the air duct 102, which runs through the side of the enclosure 1, is adapted to the utilization of natural wind from multiple directions. Even without the intervention of the fan 502, basic heat dissipation can still be achieved through airflow circulation, reducing system energy consumption. At the same time, the cavity isolates the bottom of the enclosure 1 from direct contact with the ground, preventing the corrosion of the battery compartment by a humid environment and extending its service life.

[0053] In this embodiment, a fixing cylinder 201 is provided inside the chamber 2, and a lithium battery is placed inside the fixing cylinder 201. Aerogel is filled between the chamber 2 and the fixing cylinder 201. The aerogel filling layer forms a thermal insulation barrier between the fixing cylinder 201 and the chamber 2, which can prevent the high temperature generated during thermal runaway of the lithium battery from being transmitted to the adjacent chamber 2 or the structure of the box 1, slowing down the rate of heat spread and buying a critical time window for emergency response. The inert properties of aerogel can isolate the chemical interaction between the battery and the external environment, reduce the risk of corrosion caused by electrolyte leakage, stabilize the temperature fluctuation inside the chamber, and reduce the rate of battery performance degradation. The fixing cylinder 201 encloses the lithium battery to prevent the battery from being deformed or short-circuited due to vibration, squeezing or external impact.

[0054] In this embodiment, the top of the cabin 2 is provided with multiple positioning holes 202, which are equally spaced around the top of the cabin 2; the bottom of the cover plate 3 is provided with multiple positioning posts 301, which are equally spaced around the cover plate 3, and the multiple positioning posts 301 correspond to the multiple positioning holes 202; the redundant positioning structure with one-to-one correspondence between the positioning posts 301 and the positioning holes 202 ensures that the cover plate 3 and the cabin 2 are completely aligned during installation, avoiding sealing failure or structural misalignment caused by manual operation deviation; after the positioning posts 301 are inserted into the positioning holes 202, they are connected by interference fit or elastic snap-fit. The mechanical locking mechanism, combined with the sealing gasket between the cover plate 3 and the compartment 2, ensures that each compartment 2 is independently sealed, effectively preventing the leakage of flames or harmful gases during battery thermal runaway. The cover plate 3 can be separated from the compartment 2 by rotating, pressing, or directly pulling it out without additional tools, significantly reducing maintenance time. At the same time, the positioning structure prevents thread stripping or structural wear caused by repeated disassembly and assembly, extending the service life of the components. The equally spaced positioning posts 301 and positioning holes 202 form a multi-point load-sharing support, which evenly transmits external vibration or impact loads to the side wall of the compartment 2, avoiding stress concentration that could cause the cover plate 3 to deform or crack.

[0055] In this embodiment, a spray head 302 is provided on the top of the cover plate 3, and the top of the spray head 302 extends to the top of the cover plate 3; the spray assembly 4 includes: two fixed seats 401, which are spaced apart on the top plate; two compression tanks 402, which are respectively disposed on the two fixed seats 401, and are filled with coolant; a first connecting pipe 403, whose first end and second end are respectively connected to the two compression tanks 402; a second connecting pipe 404, whose first end is connected to the third end of the first connecting pipe 403, and whose second end is connected to the spray head 302; the two independent compression tanks 402 are spaced apart on the top plate fixed seats 401 and interconnected through the first connecting pipe 403 to form a parallel liquid supply system. When a single compressor tank 402 malfunctions or the coolant runs out, another compressor tank 402 can seamlessly take over the spraying task, ensuring uninterrupted fire suppression; the spray head 302 extends to the top of the cover plate 3, so that its nozzle is directly aimed at the surface of the lithium battery pack inside the compartment 2. After being transported through the second connecting pipe 404, the coolant is sprayed vertically downward in an atomized or columnar form, with the coverage area precisely matched to the size of the battery module.

[0056] In this embodiment, a third connecting pipe (not shown in the figure) is provided at the bottom of the cabin 2, and the third connecting pipe passes through the fixing plate 101 in a vertical direction; the air supply assembly 5 includes: a first fixing frame 501, which is located on one side of the box 1; a fan 502, which is located on the first fixing frame 501; and an air duct, one end of which is connected to the air outlet of the fan 502, and the other end of which passes through the box 1 and is connected to the third connecting pipe; the third connecting pipe provided at the bottom of the cabin 2 passes through the fixing plate 101 in a vertical direction, forming a vertical The direct airflow channel allows external cold air to be delivered through the duct and then uniformly injected into the interior of the cabin 2 from bottom to top through the third connecting pipe, directly acting on the heat source area at the bottom of the battery pack. The fan 502 is independently installed on one side of the housing 1 through the first fixing bracket 501 to avoid resonance with the internal structure of the housing 1 and reduce noise. The cold air injected from the bottom of the cabin 2 prioritizes cooling the bottom of the battery pack (the initial area of ​​thermal runaway), delaying the thermal runaway trigger time. At the same time, the vertical airflow accelerates the hot air to be discharged from the top of the cabin 2, forming a chimney effect to prevent high-temperature gas from accumulating inside the cabin.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fire and explosion prevention structure for a base station energy storage lithium battery pack, characterized by, include: The enclosure has a removable top plate. Multiple compartments are equally spaced within the box and are detachably disposed within the box. The multiple compartments are arranged in a honeycomb pattern, and the multiple compartments are adapted to house lithium batteries. Multiple cover plates are respectively disposed on the top of multiple compartments, and the multiple cover plates are detachably connected to the multiple compartments; A spray assembly, wherein a first end of the spray assembly is disposed on the housing, and a second end of the spray assembly extends into the housing and passes through multiple cover plates disposed in the chamber, so that the spray assembly covers multiple chambers; An air supply assembly, wherein a first end of the air supply assembly is disposed on one side of the housing, and a second end of the air supply assembly extends into the housing and penetrates the bottom of the housing and communicates with the housing, so as to be suitable for supplying air into multiple housings and reducing the temperature in multiple housings.

2. The fire and explosion prevention structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box is equipped with a fixing plate, which is spaced apart from the bottom of the box to form a cavity.

3. The fire and explosion prevention structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cavity has air duct openings on both sides, and the air duct openings extend through the side of the box body.

4. The fire and explosion prevention structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chamber is equipped with a fixed cylinder, the lithium battery is placed inside the fixed cylinder, and the space between the chamber and the fixed cylinder is filled with aerogel.

5. The fire and explosion prevention structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the cabin is provided with multiple positioning holes, which are evenly spaced around the top of the cabin.

6. The fire and explosion prevention structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the cover plate is provided with a plurality of positioning posts, which are arranged at equal intervals around the cover plate and correspond to a plurality of positioning holes.

7. The fire and explosion prevention structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the cover plate is provided with a spray head, and the top of the spray head extends to the top of the cover plate.

8. The fire and explosion prevention structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, The spray assembly includes: Two fixing seats are spaced apart on the top plate; Two compression tanks are respectively mounted on two fixed bases, and the two compression tanks are filled with coolant; A first connecting pipe, the first end of which is connected to the two compression tanks respectively; The second connecting pipe has its first end connected to the third end of the first connecting pipe, and its second end connected to the spray head.

9. The fire and explosion prevention structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the cabin is provided with a third connecting pipe, which passes through the fixing plate in a vertical direction.

10. The fireproof and explosion-proof structure of a base station energy storage lithium battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The air supply assembly includes: The first fixing frame is disposed on one side of the box body; The fan is mounted on the first fixed frame; The air duct has one end connected to the air outlet of the fan, and the other end extends into the housing and is connected to the third connecting pipe.

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