Storage battery power supply cut-off device and vehicle
The battery power supply cut-off device, composed of relays, transistors, and switches, automatically controls the power supply to and from the battery, solving the problem of low efficiency caused by manually disassembling and assembling terminals during vehicle testing, and realizing a fast and safe testing process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHANGXING GEELY AUTO PARTS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the frequent manual disassembly and reassembly of battery terminals during vehicle testing leads to low testing efficiency and makes it impossible to quickly switch the battery on and off.
The battery power supply cut-off device is composed of relays, transistors, and switches. The relay contacts control the power circuit, and the transistors and relay coils are used to automatically control the power supply to and from the battery. The switch controls the power supply to and from the input circuit, enabling quick power supply without the need for manual disassembly and assembly of terminals.
It improves vehicle testing efficiency, ensures operational safety, reduces testing time, and avoids the inconvenience and potential safety hazards of manual operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN224153997U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle testing technology, and more specifically, to a battery power supply cut-off device and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] The vehicle's battery is the power supply device in the vehicle, belonging to the low-voltage DC power supply category. Its main functions include powering the car's ignition, lighting, and in-vehicle electronic devices. However, when the vehicle is in the testing phase, to prevent hidden power consumption from the battery caused by the electrical devices being turned off during the gap between two tests, it is necessary to completely disconnect the battery's power supply to the electrical devices after each test.
[0003] However, in related technologies, it is usually necessary to manually disconnect the physical connection between the battery terminal and the cable to cut off the power supply from the battery to the electrical equipment, and then manually reconnect the terminal and cable to restore power supply during subsequent vehicle testing. However, this method of disconnecting and reconnecting the terminal is quite troublesome, and the frequent disconnection and reconnection during the testing phase will significantly increase the time spent on testing, directly affecting the testing efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] The problem this invention solves is: how to quickly switch the power on and off of a car battery to improve testing efficiency.
[0005] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides a battery power supply cut-off device and a vehicle.
[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a battery power supply cutoff device for a vehicle in the testing phase. The vehicle includes a battery and electrical equipment, with the battery and the electrical equipment connected to form a power circuit. The battery power supply cutoff device includes a relay, a transistor, and a switch. An output circuit is formed between the collector and emitter of the transistor, and an input circuit is formed between the base and emitter of the transistor. The contacts of the relay are connected in series in the power circuit, and the coil of the relay is connected in series in the output circuit. The switch is connected in series in the input circuit.
[0007] Optionally, the battery, the coil, and the collector and emitter of the transistor are connected in series to form the output circuit.
[0008] Optionally, it also includes a first power supply; the first power supply, the coil, and the collector and emitter of the transistor are connected in series to form the output circuit.
[0009] Optionally, the device further includes a freewheeling diode, wherein the cathode of the freewheeling diode is electrically connected to the end of the coil connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the anode of the freewheeling diode is electrically connected to the end of the coil connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.
[0010] Optionally, it also includes a second power supply, wherein the positive terminal of the second power supply, the base of the transistor, the emitter of the transistor, and the negative terminal of the second power supply are sequentially connected to form the input circuit.
[0011] Optionally, the switch is connected in series between the base of the transistor and the positive terminal of the second power supply.
[0012] Optionally, the input circuit includes a current-limiting resistor connected in series between the base of the transistor and the switch.
[0013] Optionally, the switch is a remote control switch; the battery power supply cut-off device also includes a remote controller wirelessly connected to the remote control switch.
[0014] Optionally, the relay is a normally closed relay.
[0015] Secondly, this utility model provides a vehicle including the battery power supply cut-off device as described above.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model's battery power supply disconnection device are as follows: The relay contacts are connected in series in the power circuit formed by the battery and the electrical equipment, so the power supply from the battery to the electrical equipment can be controlled by opening or closing the contacts. The relay coil is connected in series in the output circuit of the transistor, so the opening and closing of the output circuit can control the coil to open or close, thus opening or closing the contacts. The switch is connected in series in the input circuit of the transistor, so the opening or closing of the switch can control the input circuit to open or close, thus controlling the transistor to cut off or conduct, thereby energizing or de-energizing the transistor's output circuit, causing the coil to open or close, and thus causing the contacts to open or close, ultimately disconnecting or connecting the battery to the electrical equipment. This eliminates the need for manual disassembly and assembly of terminals, achieving rapid power supply to and from the battery, which is beneficial for improving vehicle testing efficiency. Furthermore, the switch can indirectly control the relay's opening and closing via the transistor to achieve battery power supply. Both the transistor and the relay have the effect of controlling a large current with a small current, ensuring that the current flowing through the switch is relatively small, thus improving the safety of power supply operation. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery power supply cutoff device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery power supply cut-off device in the power-off state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery power supply cut-off device in the energized state according to an embodiment of this utility model.
[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0021] 1. Relay; 11. Contact; 12. Coil; 121. First terminal; 122. Second terminal; 2. Transistor; 21. Output circuit; 22. Input circuit; C. Collector; E. Emitter; B. Base; 3. Switch; 4. Freewheeling diode; 41. Cathode; 42. Anode; 5. Second power supply; 6. Current-limiting resistor; 7. Remote control; 8. Storage battery; 9. Electrical equipment. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this utility model can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this utility model. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of this utility model are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0023] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this utility model are only used to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.
[0024] It should be noted that the terms "one" and "multiple" used in this utility model are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".
[0025] This invention provides a battery power supply cutoff device and vehicle, which can quickly switch the power supply on and off of a car battery to improve testing efficiency. The following detailed description is provided with reference to specific embodiments.
[0026] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, this utility model provides a battery power supply cutoff device for a vehicle in the testing phase. The vehicle includes a battery 8 and an electrical device 9. The battery 8 and the electrical device 9 are connected to form an electrical circuit. The battery power supply cutoff device includes a relay 1, a transistor 2, and a switch 3. An output circuit 21 is formed between the collector C and the emitter E of the transistor 2, and an input circuit 22 is formed between the base B and the emitter E of the transistor 2. The contacts 11 of the relay 1 are connected in series in the electrical circuit, and the coil 12 of the relay 1 is connected in series in the output circuit 21. The switch 3 is connected in series in the input circuit 22.
[0027] It should be noted that the electrical device 9 can be an ignition device, lighting device, or in-vehicle electronic device in a vehicle. Furthermore, the input circuit 22 of transistor 2 is a circuit connected between the base B and the emitter E, and the output circuit 21 is a circuit connected between the collector C and the emitter E. Applying current to the input circuit 22 can control the conduction or cutoff state of transistor 2. When transistor 2 is in the conduction state, current can flow from the collector C to the emitter E, making the output circuit 21 a closed circuit, and thus current will flow through the coil 12 connected in series with the output circuit 21. When transistor 2 is in the cutoff state, current cannot flow from the collector C to the emitter E, that is, the output circuit 21 is open, and no current flows through the coil 12. In this embodiment, switch 3 is used to control the current supply and demand of the input circuit 22, thereby controlling the conduction or cutoff of transistor 2. When switch 3 is closed, current flows through the input circuit 22 from the base B to the emitter E, transistor 2 is in the conducting state, and the current in the output circuit 21 can flow from the collector C to the emitter E, thus energizing the coil 12 of relay 1. When switch 3 is open, transistor 2 is in the cutoff state, and current cannot flow from the collector C to the emitter E, thus de-energizing the coil 12 of relay 1. Specifically, transistor 2 can be an NPN transistor, and the contacts 11 of relay 1 can be connected in series between the positive terminal of battery 8 and electrical equipment 9.
[0028] In this embodiment, the contact 11 of relay 1 is connected in series in the power circuit formed by the battery 8 and the electrical device 9. Therefore, the power supply from the battery 8 to the electrical device 9 can be controlled by opening or closing the contact 11. The coil 12 of relay 1 is connected in series in the output circuit 21 of transistor 2. Therefore, the opening and closing of the output circuit 21 can control the energization of the coil 12, thereby opening or closing the contact 11. The switch 3 is connected in series in the input circuit 22 of transistor 2. Therefore, the opening or closing of the switch 3 can control the opening and closing of the input circuit 22, thereby controlling the transistor 2 to be cut off or turned on, so that the relay 11 can be opened or closed. The output circuit 21 of transistor 2 is energized or de-energized, thereby causing coil 12 to be energized or de-energized, which in turn causes contact 11 to open or close, ultimately disconnecting or connecting battery 8 to electrical equipment 9. This eliminates the need for manual disassembly and assembly of terminals, enabling rapid energization and de-energization of battery 8, which is beneficial for improving vehicle testing efficiency. Furthermore, the switch 3 can indirectly control the relay 1 via transistor 2 to energize and de-energize battery 8. Both transistor 2 and relay 1 have the effect of controlling large current with small current, which ensures that the current flowing through switch 3 is relatively small, thereby improving the safety of energization and de-energization operations.
[0029] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, relay 1 is a normally closed relay.
[0030] It should be noted that when relay 1 is a normally closed relay, its contact 11 is also a normally closed contact. Only when coil 12 is energized does the magnetic field generated by coil 12 overcome the spring force in the normally closed contact, causing the normally closed contact to open, thereby cutting off the power supply from battery 8 to electrical equipment 9. When relay 1 is a normally closed relay, the entire battery power supply disconnection device operates as follows: When it is necessary to disconnect the power to battery 8, switch 3 is closed, and the input circuit 22 of transistor 2 is energized (the current direction of input circuit 22 is referred to...). Figure 2 (Hollow arrow shown), thus energizing the output circuit 21 of transistor 2 (the current direction of output circuit 21 is referenced). Figure 2 (See solid arrow shown) When the coil 12 is energized, the magnetic field generated by the coil 12 causes the contact 11 to open, ultimately cutting off the power supply from the battery 8 to the electrical device 9. When it is necessary to restore the power supply from the battery 8 to the electrical device 9, the switch 3 is turned off, the input circuit 22 of the transistor 2 is de-energized, and thus the output circuit 21 of the transistor 2 is de-energized. Consequently, the coil 12 is de-energized, the magnetic field of the coil 12 disappears, and the contact 11 closes under the action of the spring force, ultimately restoring the power supply from the battery 8 to the electrical device 9 (current direction can be referenced). Figure 3 (Solid arrow shown).
[0031] In this optional embodiment, the relay 1 is selected as a normally closed relay. The coil 12 can only control the contact 11 to open to cut off the power to the battery 8 when the coil 12 is energized. This can prevent the power supply to the battery 8 from being abnormally cut off due to abnormal power failure of the coil 12 (e.g., the second power supply 5 suddenly loses power).
[0032] It should be noted that the output circuit 21 of transistor 2 can be connected in series with the battery 8 to provide current through the battery 8, or an external power supply can be added and the output circuit 21 can be connected in series with the external power supply. There are no restrictions here.
[0033] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery 8, the coil 12, the collector C and emitter E of the transistor 2 are connected in series to form the output circuit 21.
[0034] Specifically, the first end 121 of the coil 12 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery 8, the second end 122 of the coil 12 is electrically connected to the collector C of the transistor 2, and the emitter E of the transistor 2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery 8.
[0035] In this optional embodiment, by connecting the battery 8, coil 12 and transistor 2 in sequence, the battery 8, coil 12, collector C of transistor 2 and emitter E of transistor 2 can be connected in series to form an output circuit 21, thereby realizing that the output circuit 21 is connected in series with the battery 8. There is no need to add an external power supply to power the output circuit 21, which helps to reduce costs.
[0036] Optionally, in some other embodiments, the battery power supply cutoff device further includes a first power source; the first power source, the coil 12, the collector C and emitter E of the transistor 2 are connected in series to form the output circuit 21.
[0037] Specifically, the first end 121 of the coil 12 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first power supply, the second end 122 of the coil 12 is electrically connected to the collector C of the transistor 2, and the emitter E of the transistor 2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first power supply.
[0038] In this optional embodiment, by connecting the first power supply, coil 12 and transistor 2 in sequence, the first power supply, coil 12, collector C of transistor 2 and emitter E of transistor 2 can be connected in series to form an output circuit 21, thereby realizing that the output circuit 21 is connected in series with an external power supply. Compared with connecting in series with the battery 8, the loss of power to the battery 8 can be reduced.
[0039] Optionally, such as Figure 1As shown, the battery power supply cutoff device also includes a freewheeling diode 4. The cathode 41 of the freewheeling diode 4 is electrically connected to the end of the coil 12 connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the anode 42 of the freewheeling diode 4 is electrically connected to the end of the coil 12 connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.
[0040] Specifically, the cathode 41 of the freewheeling diode 4 is electrically connected to the first end 121 of the coil 12, and the anode 42 of the freewheeling diode 4 is electrically connected to the second end 122 of the coil 12. The reverse withstand voltage of the freewheeling diode 4 can be greater than 12V. For example, in this embodiment, the reverse withstand voltage of the freewheeling diode 4 is 24V to prevent the freewheeling diode 4 from being reverse-biased and broken down.
[0041] In this optional embodiment, the freewheeling diode 4 is in a forward conducting state from the anode 42 to the cathode 41, and in a reverse cutoff state from the cathode 41 to the anode 42. By electrically connecting the cathode 41 of the freewheeling diode 4 to the end of the coil 12 connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and electrically connecting the anode 42 of the freewheeling diode 4 to the end of the coil 12 connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, when the coil 12 is normally energized, the freewheeling diode 4 is in a reverse cutoff state, which does not affect the normal operation of the coil 12. However, when the coil 12 is suddenly de-energized, generating an induced electromotive force from the end connected to the positive terminal of the power supply to the end connected to the negative terminal, the freewheeling diode 4 is in a forward conducting state (the current direction can be referenced). Figure 3 (as shown by the hollow arrow), which allows coil 12 to be short-circuited to prevent the induced electromotive force from flowing to transistor 2 and causing damage, thereby improving the service life of transistor 2.
[0042] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery power supply cutoff device also includes a second power supply 5, wherein the positive terminal of the second power supply 5, the base B of the transistor 2, the emitter E of the transistor 2, and the negative terminal of the second power supply 5 are sequentially connected to form the input circuit 22.
[0043] Specifically, the positive terminal of the second power supply 5 is electrically connected to the base B of the transistor 2, and the negative terminal of the second power supply 5 is electrically connected to the emitter E of the transistor 2.
[0044] In this optional embodiment, by adding a second power supply 5, and the positive terminal of the second power supply 5, the base B of the transistor 2, the emitter E of the transistor 2, and the negative terminal of the second power supply 5 are sequentially connected to form an input circuit 22, the input circuit 22 is powered by the second power supply 5. The input circuit 22 is powered by the second power supply 5 instead of directly using the battery, which can relatively reduce the loss of battery power.
[0045] Optionally, such as Figure 1As shown, the switch 3 is connected in series between the base B of the transistor 2 and the positive terminal of the second power supply 5.
[0046] Specifically, the switch 3 can be a manual switch or a remote control switch, and there is no limitation here.
[0047] In this optional embodiment, by connecting the switch 3 in series between the base B of the transistor 2 and the positive terminal of the second power supply 5, it can be ensured that the power supply of the second power supply 5 to the base B is completely cut off when the switch 3 is turned off, so as to more effectively control the flow and cut-off of the input circuit 22, thereby avoiding safety hazards caused by short circuit or leakage.
[0048] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the input circuit 22 is provided with a current-limiting resistor 6, which is connected in series between the base B of the transistor 2 and the switch 3.
[0049] The resistance value of the current-limiting resistor 6 can be determined based on the voltage of the second power supply 5, the amplification factor of the transistor 2, the rated operating current of the coil 12, and the voltage drop between the base B and the emitter E. For example, the second power supply 5 can be 5V, the transistor 2 can be an NPN transistor with an amplification factor of 100, the rated operating current of the coil 12 is 100mA, and the voltage drop between the base B and the emitter E can be 0.7V. In this case, in order to make the transistor 2 operate stably, the base B current is taken as 2mA. Therefore, the resistance of the current-limiting resistor 6 = (5V-0.7V) / (2mA / 1000) = 2150Ω, which is rounded to 2.2kΩ.
[0050] In this optional embodiment, by connecting the current-limiting resistor 6 in series between the base B of the transistor 2 and the switch 3, the base B of the transistor 2 can obtain a current that allows the transistor 2 to remain in a continuous saturation state, thereby ensuring that the transistor 2 can conduct stably.
[0051] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the switch 3 is a remote control switch; the battery power supply cut-off device also includes a remote controller 7 that is wirelessly connected to the remote control switch.
[0052] Specifically, wireless connectivity can be Bluetooth connectivity, WiFi connectivity, etc.
[0053] The remote control 7 usually has "on" and "off" buttons. When it is necessary to disconnect the power to the battery 8, press the "off" button on the remote control 7. The remote control switch receives the signal from the remote control 7 and closes immediately. Figure 2As shown, the current direction in input circuit 22 can be referenced to the direction of the hollow arrow, and the current direction in output circuit 21 can be referenced to the direction of the solid arrow. When the input circuit 22 of transistor 2 is energized, transistor 2 enters a conducting state. The positive current of battery 8 can flow back to the negative terminal of battery 8 through coil 12 and the output circuit 21 of transistor 2, energizing coil 12. The energized coil 12 generates a magnetic field to control contact 11 to open, ultimately cutting off the power supply from battery 8 to the electrical device 9. When normal power supply from battery 8 is needed, pressing the "on" button on remote control 7 causes the remote control switch to receive the signal and immediately disconnect. The input circuit 22 of transistor 2 is de-energized, causing transistor 2 to enter a cut-off state. The positive current of battery 8 cannot flow back to the negative terminal of battery 8 through coil 12 and the output circuit 21 of transistor 2, de-energizing coil 12. The magnetic field of coil 12 disappears after de-energization, and contact 11 closes under the action of elasticity, ultimately restoring the power supply from battery 8 to the electrical device 9 (current direction can be referenced to...). Figure 3 (Solid arrow shown).
[0054] In this optional embodiment, the remote controller 7 can remotely control the remote switch to open or close without the need for manual operation on the switch 3, which improves the safety of operation. In addition, since the remote controller 7 is a device that is not physically connected to the remote switch, it can be placed outside the vehicle for use. Even when the vehicle is completely locked, it can still control the power supply to and from the battery 8, making operation more convenient.
[0055] This utility model provides a vehicle including the battery power supply cut-off device described above.
[0056] It should be noted that the vehicle may be in the testing phase.
[0057] In this embodiment, since the vehicle includes the aforementioned battery power supply cutoff device, it possesses all the beneficial effects brought about by all embodiments of the aforementioned battery power supply cutoff device, which will not be elaborated here.
[0058] Although the present invention has been disclosed above, its protection scope is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A battery power supply cutoff device, characterized in that, For a vehicle in the testing phase, the vehicle includes a battery (8) and electrical equipment (9), the battery (8) and the electrical equipment (9) are connected to form an electrical circuit; the battery power supply cut-off device includes a relay (1), a transistor (2) and a switch (3); an output circuit (21) is formed between the collector (C) and emitter (E) of the transistor (2), and an input circuit (22) is formed between the base (B) and emitter (E) of the transistor (2); the contacts (11) of the relay (1) are connected in series in the electrical circuit, and the coil (12) of the relay (1) is connected in series in the output circuit (21); the switch (3) is connected in series in the input circuit (22).
2. The battery powered disconnect device of claim 1, wherein, The battery (8), the coil (12), and the collector (C) and emitter (E) of the transistor (2) are connected in series to form the output circuit (21).
3. The battery power supply cutoff device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first power supply; the first power supply, the coil (12), the collector (C) and emitter (E) of the transistor (2) are connected in series to form the output circuit (21).
4. A battery powered cut-off device according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that, It also includes a freewheeling diode (4), the cathode (41) of which is electrically connected to the end of the coil (12) connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the anode (42) of which is electrically connected to the end of the coil (12) connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.
5. The battery powered disconnect device of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a second power supply (5), the positive terminal of the second power supply (5), the base (B) of the transistor (2), the emitter (E) of the transistor (2) and the negative terminal of the second power supply (5) are sequentially connected to form the input circuit (22).
6. The battery powered disconnect device of claim 5, wherein, The switch (3) is connected in series between the base (B) of the transistor (2) and the positive terminal of the second power supply (5).
7. The battery powered disconnect device of claim 6, wherein, The input circuit (22) is provided with a current-limiting resistor (6), which is connected in series between the base (B) of the transistor (2) and the switch (3).
8. The battery powered shut-off device of claim 1, wherein, The switch (3) is a remote control switch; the battery power supply cut-off device also includes a remote controller (7) that is wirelessly connected to the remote control switch.
9. The battery powered shut-off device of claim 1, wherein, The relay (1) is a normally closed relay.
10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: Includes the battery power supply cut-off device as described in any one of claims 1-9.