Precise variable chemical fertilizer broadcasting unmanned aerial vehicle mounting equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle fertilization, and provides a precise variable chemical fertilizer spreading unmanned aerial vehicle mounting device which comprises a storage barrel arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle undercarriage, a feeding port is formed in the storage barrel, a discharging pipe fitting is arranged at the bottom of the storage barrel, a flow measuring assembly is arranged on the discharging pipe fitting, and the flow measuring assembly is provided with a flow sensor. A throwing assembly for throwing fertilizer is arranged at the lower end of the discharging pipe fitting, the discharging pipe fitting comprises an outer pipe arranged on the storage barrel, an inner pipe is arranged on the inner side of the outer pipe, and a plurality of partition plates are arranged between the inner pipe and the outer pipe; the vertical measurement unit and the diagonal measurement unit of the flow measurement assembly adopt reflective photoelectric flow sensors, so that the fertilizer flow is monitored from different angles, the influence of factors such as the size, the shape and the humidity of fertilizer particles on a measurement result can be effectively reduced, and the measurement precision is improved; and reliable data support is provided for accurately controlling the broadcasting amount.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of drone fertilization, specifically a drone-mounted device for precise variable fertilizer application. Background Technology

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the rational use of chemical fertilizers is crucial for improving crop yield and quality. With the development of drone technology, drone-mounted equipment is increasingly being used for fertilizer application.

[0003] However, most existing equipment uses a fixed broadcasting method, while soil fertility and crop requirements vary across different plots. It is difficult to adjust for variables based on actual conditions, making it impossible to precisely control the amount of fertilizer applied. Furthermore, monitoring methods are easily affected by factors such as fertilizer particle size, shape, and moisture content, leading to significant measurement errors. This fails to provide reliable data support for precise broadcasting, resulting in low fertilizer utilization rates, increased agricultural production costs, and potential environmental pollution. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device, which solves the problem that most existing devices adopt a fixed spreading mode, making it difficult to adjust the variables according to the actual situation, resulting in low fertilizer utilization.

[0005] A precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device includes a storage tank mounted on the drone landing gear, a feeding port on the storage tank, a discharge pipe at the bottom of the storage tank, a flow measurement component on the discharge pipe, and a spreading component for spreading fertilizer at the lower end of the discharge pipe.

[0006] The feeding pipe includes an outer pipe installed on the storage hopper, an inner pipe installed inside the outer pipe, and several dividing plates installed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe to divide the feeding channel into several feeding channels to achieve zoned measurement.

[0007] The flow measurement component includes a vertical measuring unit disposed outside the discharge channel, the vertical measuring unit being perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube.

[0008] Preferably, the storage hopper is further provided with a flow switching component, the flow switching component including a main shaft rotatably mounted on the storage hopper, an auger at the lower end of the main shaft, and the upper end of the main shaft passing through the storage hopper and connected to a drive motor.

[0009] Preferably, the auger includes a variable diameter section located near the material discharge port area of ​​the storage hopper, and a constant diameter section is located at the lower end of the variable diameter section, which is slidably disposed inside the outer tube.

[0010] Preferably, diagonal measuring units are provided on two adjacent dividing plates, and both the vertical measuring unit and the diagonal measuring unit are composed of a set of oppositely arranged reflective photoelectric flow sensors.

[0011] Preferably, the scattering assembly includes a material-dispensing disc disposed at the outlet of the outer tube, a rotating plate rotatably disposed inside the material-dispensing disc, and a rotating motor disposed on the lower side of the material-dispensing disc, the rotating motor being connected to the rotating plate in a transmission manner.

[0012] Preferably, the storage hopper is provided with a mounting connection assembly, which includes a connecting plate on the storage hopper, two screws on the connecting plate, a common limiting plate slidably sleeved on the two screws, and a nut on the outer side of the upper limiting plate of the screws.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This utility model uses a reflective photoelectric flow sensor in the vertical and diagonal measurement units of the flow measurement component to monitor fertilizer flow from different angles. This can effectively reduce the influence of fertilizer particle size, shape and moisture on the measurement results, improve measurement accuracy, and provide reliable data support for precise control of the application rate.

[0015] 2. This utility model controls the rotation speed of the auger driven by the drive motor, which can precisely adjust the fertilizer feeding speed according to factors such as soil fertility and crop growth needs in different areas of farmland, thereby achieving precise variable-rate sowing, improving fertilizer utilization, reducing waste, and lowering production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a second-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third-view three-dimensional structure of this utility model.

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] 1. Storage hopper; 2. Flow switching assembly; 201. Main shaft; 202. Screw; 2021. Variable diameter section; 2022. Constant diameter section; 203. Drive motor; 3. Feeding pipe fittings; 301. Outer pipe; 302. Dividing plate; 4. Flow measurement assembly; 401. Vertical measurement unit; 402. Diagonal measurement unit; 5. Spreading assembly; 501. Feeding disc; 502. Rotating plate; 503. Rotating motor; 6. Feeding port; 7. Mounting connection assembly; 701. Connecting plate; 702. Screw; 703. Limiting plate; 704. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0022] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 As shown:

[0023] This utility model provides a precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device, which consists of a storage tank 1, a flow switching component 2, a feeding pipe 3, a flow measurement component 4, a spreading component 5, a feeding port 6, and a mounting connection component 7, realizing a series of functions from fertilizer storage, flow control, measurement, spreading to connection with the drone.

[0024] As attached Figure 1 As shown: Storage hopper 1 is used to store fertilizer, providing a fertilizer source for spreading operations. It is securely connected to the drone's landing gear (not shown in the figure) via mounting and connecting component 7, ensuring stability during flight. A feeding port 6 is located on storage hopper 1, facilitating the addition of fertilizer to storage hopper 1 before operations.

[0025] As attached Figure 3 As shown: The mounting connection assembly 7 includes a connecting plate 701, on which screws 702 are provided. A limiting plate 703 is slidably fitted onto two screws 702. Nuts 704 are provided on the outer side of the upper limiting plate 703 on the screws 702. By adjusting the position of the limiting plate 703 and tightening the nut 704, the storage bin 1 can be securely installed on the UAV landing gear, and can be adapted to the size of the UAV landing gear.

[0026] As attached Figure 2 To be continued Figure 3As shown: The flow switching component 2 includes a main shaft 201 rotatably mounted on the storage tank 1. An auger 202 is mounted at the lower end of the main shaft 201, and a drive motor 203 is connected to the upper end. The variable diameter section 2021 of the auger 202 is located near the discharge port area of ​​the storage tank 1, while the constant diameter section 2022 is slidably mounted within 301. The drive motor 203 drives the main shaft 201 to rotate, thereby rotating the auger 202. By controlling the speed of the drive motor 203, the speed of the auger 202 can be adjusted, allowing for adjustment of the fertilizer discharge speed according to actual needs, thus achieving the flow switching function. An agitator rod can be optionally installed on the main shaft 201 to prevent fertilizer from clumping in the storage tank 1.

[0027] As attached Figure 2 To be continued Figure 3 As shown: The feeding pipe 3 is located at the bottom of the storage tank 1. An inner pipe adapted to the main shaft 201 is provided inside its outer pipe 301. A dividing plate 302 is installed between the outer pipe 301 and the inner pipe to divide the tank into several feeding channels. These feeding channels enable zoned measurement, which helps to more accurately control the fertilizer flow rate in different areas. Both the drive motor 203 and the rotation motor 503 are servo motors.

[0028] As attached Figure 2 To be continued Figure 3 As shown, the flow measurement component 4 consists of a vertical measurement unit 401 and a diagonal measurement unit 402. The vertical measurement unit 401 is located outside the feeding channel, perpendicular to the axis of 301; the diagonal measurement unit 402 is located on two adjacent dividing plates 302. Both consist of a set of oppositely arranged reflective photoelectric flow sensors, which accurately measure the fertilizer flow rate by detecting the degree of light obstruction by fertilizer particles, providing data for precise variable-rate application. The reflective photoelectric flow sensors, servo motors, and UAV control system are communicatively connected.

[0029] As attached Figure 3 As shown: The spreading component 5 is located at the discharge port 301, including a feeding disc 501. A rotating plate 502 is rotatably mounted inside the feeding disc 501, and a rotating motor 503 is mounted on its lower side. The rotating motor 503 is connected to the rotating plate 502 for transmission. The rotating motor 503 drives the rotating plate 502 to rotate, which evenly spreads the fertilizer falling from the feeding pipe 3, ensuring the uniformity of spreading.

[0030] Working principle: Align the connecting plate 701 of the mounting assembly 7 with the drone landing gear. Adjust the position using the sliding limit plate 703 so that the screw 702 passes through the mounting hole on the drone landing gear. Then tighten the nut 704 to securely install the storage tank 1 onto the drone. Check the stability of all component connections, especially critical parts such as the discharge pipe 3 and the spreading assembly 5. Turn on the power to the drone and the mounting equipment, and calibrate the flow measurement assembly 4 to ensure accurate measurement data.

[0031] Operation Process: Before operation, add an appropriate amount of fertilizer to the storage tank 1 through the feeding port 6. Based on the soil fertility distribution and crop planting information of the farmland, set the fertilizer spreading amount for different areas on the ground control terminal. After the drone takes off, it flies to the operation area according to the preset program. The drive motor 203 of the flow switching component 2 drives the auger 202 to rotate according to the control command, adjusting the fertilizer feeding speed. The fertilizer falls through the feeding channel of the feeding pipe 3, and the flow measurement component 4 monitors the fertilizer flow in real time and feeds the data back to the drone control system. The rotating motor 503 of the spreading component 5 drives the rotating plate 502 to rotate, spreading the fertilizer evenly in the farmland.

[0032] The embodiments of this utility model are given for the purpose of illustration and description. Although embodiments of this utility model have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device, comprising a storage tank (1) mounted on the drone landing gear, wherein the storage tank (1) is provided with a feeding port (6), characterized in that: The bottom of the storage tank (1) is provided with a discharge pipe (3), the discharge pipe (3) is provided with a flow measurement component (4), and the lower end of the discharge pipe (3) is provided with a spreading component (5) for spreading fertilizer. The feeding pipe fitting (3) includes an outer pipe (301) set on the storage bucket (1), an inner pipe is set on the inner side of the outer pipe (301), and a number of dividing plates (302) are set between the inner pipe and the outer pipe (301) to divide into a number of feeding channels to realize zone measurement; The flow measurement component (4) includes a vertical measurement unit (401) disposed outside the discharge channel, the vertical measurement unit (401) being perpendicular to the axis of the outer tube (301).

2. The precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The storage hopper (1) is also equipped with a flow switching component (2). The flow switching component (2) includes a main shaft (201) rotatably mounted on the storage hopper (1). The lower end of the main shaft (201) is equipped with an auger (202). The upper end of the main shaft (201) passes through the storage hopper (1) and is connected to a drive motor (203).

3. The precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The auger (202) includes a variable diameter section (2021) located near the discharge port area of ​​the storage hopper (1), and a constant diameter section (2022) is provided at the lower end of the variable diameter section (2021), which is slidably disposed inside the outer tube (301).

4. The precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A diagonal measuring unit (402) is provided on each of the two adjacent dividing plates (302). Both the vertical measuring unit (401) and the diagonal measuring unit (402) are composed of a set of oppositely arranged reflective photoelectric flow sensors.

5. The precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The scattering assembly (5) includes a material feeding disc (501) disposed at the outlet of the outer tube (301). A rotating plate (502) is rotatably disposed inside the material feeding disc (501). A rotating motor (503) is disposed on the lower side of the material feeding disc (501). The rotating motor (503) is connected to the rotating plate (502) in a transmission connection.

6. The precision variable fertilizer spreading drone mounting device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The storage hopper (1) is provided with a mounting connection assembly (7). The mounting connection assembly (7) includes a connecting plate (701) provided on the storage hopper (1). The connecting plate (701) is provided with two screws (702). The same limiting plate (703) is slidably sleeved on the two screws (702). Nuts (704) are provided on the outside of the upper limiting plate (703) of the screws (702).

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