Nucleic acid amplification detection assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a nucleic acid amplification detection assembly which comprises a detection pipe frame provided with at least one containing bin, a heating element for heating the detection pipe frame, a heat dissipation element for reducing the temperature of the containing bin and a detection box carrying frame, and the detection box carrying frame comprises a heat conduction channel part and a fixing part connected with the heat conduction channel part. One end of the heat conduction channel part is connected to a heat dissipation outlet of the heat dissipation element so as to guide heat generated by the heat dissipation element. The use efficiency of energy is effectively improved, and the size of the whole nucleic acid amplification detection assembly is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of molecular diagnostic technology, specifically relating to a nucleic acid amplification detection component. Background Technology

[0002] Nucleic acid amplification detection is a method that amplifies the nucleic acid sequence to be tested through the action of enzymes and then detects it. This technology has become an indispensable and important tool in molecular biology research. With the rapid development of biotechnology, nucleic acid amplification detection plays an increasingly important role in many fields, especially in disease diagnosis, pathogen detection, and genetic disease screening.

[0003] DNA methylation, an important area of ​​research in epigenetics, is closely related to tumorigenesis due to its altered state. Studies have shown that decreased overall methylation levels and abnormally increased local methylation levels in CpG islands are key factors in tumorigenesis. These alterations in methylation status may lead to genomic instability, thereby inducing cellular carcinogenesis. Compared to gene mutations, variations at the epigenetic level are more frequent; therefore, utilizing epigenetic markers such as DNA methylation for tumor diagnosis holds promise for providing higher sensitivity and specificity.

[0004] Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a revolutionary molecular biology technique that mimics the DNA replication process outside of living organisms, enabling the efficient amplification of minute amounts of DNA fragments. The core of PCR lies in precisely controlling temperature to achieve three key steps: DNA denaturation, annealing, and extension. Specifically, DNA is denatured into single strands at high temperatures, then binds to primers at low temperatures according to the base-complementary pairing principle, and finally synthesizes complementary strands at the optimal reaction temperature of DNA polymerase. This process is precisely controlled by a PCR instrument, thus achieving highly efficient DNA amplification.

[0005] However, existing nucleic acid amplification and detection devices are bulky and cannot be effectively integrated with nucleic acid extraction equipment. Nucleic acid extraction and PCR detection often need to be performed on different devices, which not only increases the complexity of experimental operations but may also lead to risks such as cross-contamination of samples. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a novel nucleic acid amplification and detection device that is small in size, has adjustable throughput, and can be adapted to an integrated nucleic acid extraction and PCR detection machine. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a nucleic acid amplification detection component, which is small in size and has adjustable throughput, making it easy to be adapted to an integrated nucleic acid extraction and PCR detection machine, so as to realize the integrated operation of nucleic acid extraction and PCR detection.

[0007] In one aspect of this application, a nucleic acid amplification detection component is provided, comprising:

[0008] The testing tube rack is equipped with at least one receiving compartment;

[0009] At least one heating element is connected to the detection tube rack to provide heat to the accommodating chamber;

[0010] At least one heat dissipation element is connected to the detection tube rack to reduce the temperature of the containment chamber;

[0011] The test box carrier includes a heat-conducting channel portion and a fixing portion connected to the heat-conducting channel portion. One end of the heat-conducting channel portion is connected to the heat dissipation outlet of the heat dissipation element to guide the heat generated by the heat dissipation element.

[0012] In one embodiment, the heating element is inserted into the detection tube frame and located on both sides of the accommodating chamber for heating the accommodating chamber.

[0013] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation element is disposed at the bottom of the detection tube rack.

[0014] In one embodiment, the detection tube holder is connected to the fixing part by at least one first heat-conducting element to heat the fixing part.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fixing part includes a first fixing part and at least one set of heating fixing parts. The first fixing part includes a first fixing member and a second fixing member disposed opposite to each other. At least two sets of heating fixing parts are disposed between the first fixing member and the second fixing member. Each set of heating fixing parts includes at least one fixing sleeve. The first fixing member and the second fixing member are respectively used to restrict the two ends of the nucleic acid extraction detection box. The fixing sleeve is used to restrict a portion of the nucleic acid extraction detection box.

[0016] In one embodiment, each group of heating fixing parts includes a second heat-spreading plate, and a second heat-conducting element is connected between the second heat-spreading plates of different groups of heating fixing parts.

[0017] In one embodiment, the sidewall of the first fastener facing the second fastener has at least one first fastening groove recessed inward therein.

[0018] In one embodiment, the second fastener has at least one second fastening groove recessed inward on its sidewall facing the first fastener.

[0019] In one embodiment, the accommodating compartment is located between the first fixing member and the second fixing member, and the first fixing member is disposed close to the accommodating compartment.

[0020] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation element is provided with an airflow generating section, which generates airflow toward the heat conduction channel section.

[0021] In one embodiment, the nucleic acid amplification detection component further includes an optical detection module, which is connected to the optical signal communication of the accommodating chamber.

[0022] In one embodiment, the optical detection module includes a support and at least one optical path box, the optical path box being rotatably mounted on the support, and each optical path box being optically connected to the accommodating chamber.

[0023] In one embodiment, the optical detection module further includes a rotary drive and a turntable. The rotary drive is connected to the support, the turntable is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive, and the optical path box is circumferentially connected to the turntable.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0025] This application utilizes the heat generated during the heating of the test tube rack to simultaneously heat the test cartridge rack, enabling PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification and nucleic acid pretreatment processes to share the same heat source. Furthermore, by integrating heat dissipation elements, the heat released during the PCR cooling phase is effectively directed to the nucleic acid pretreatment stage. This design significantly reduces the need for additional heat source devices, optimizes heat distribution, and improves energy efficiency.

[0026] Meanwhile, a rotating optical path box design is adopted, an innovative layout that enables the device to simultaneously acquire optical signals from multiple different channels. This not only greatly improves the parallelism of optical signal processing but also enables the simultaneous detection of multiple samples, significantly shortening the detection cycle and increasing the detection throughput.

[0027] In addition, the separate design of the PCR amplification module and the optical detection module makes the PCR detection device more open-source and compatible with a variety of devices. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid amplification detection component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection tube frame and heat dissipation element of the detection component in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first heat spreader of the detection component in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection box carrier of the detection component in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical detection module of the detection component in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 100-Detection tube rack, 110-Containment chamber, 120-First heat spreader, 130-First base plate, 140-Fiber optic fastener;

[0035] 200 - Heating element, 210 - First heat-conducting element;

[0036] 300 - Heat dissipation element; 310 - Airflow generator;

[0037] 400 - Test box carrier, 410 - Heat conduction channel section, 421 - First fixing member, 422 - Second fixing member, 430 - Heating fixing part, 431 - Fixing sleeve, 432 - Second heat spreader plate, 433 - Second heat conduction element;

[0038] 500-Optical inspection module, 511-Support, 512-Optical path box, 513-Rotation drive component, 514-Turntable, 515-Fiber optic cable. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following description provides exemplary embodiments of this application, including various details to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0040] Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular biology technique whose core principle lies in utilizing the denaturation, annealing, and extension processes of DNA under specific in vitro temperature conditions to achieve rapid amplification of DNA fragments. Specifically, when a DNA sample is placed in a high-temperature environment of around 95°C, double-stranded DNA denatures and dissociates into single-stranded states. Subsequently, at a lower temperature (usually around 60°C), specifically designed primers bind to these single-stranded DNAs according to the principle of complementary base pairing, forming a primer-template complex. Finally, the temperature is adjusted to the optimal reaction temperature of DNA polymerase (generally around 72°C), and the DNA polymerase synthesizes a new DNA strand complementary to the template strand, starting from the primer and proceeding along the phosphate-to-pentose (5'-3') direction.

[0041] Based on the above principles, a traditional PCR instrument is essentially a precision temperature control device that can accurately and rapidly switch and control between denaturation temperature, annealing temperature, and extension temperature, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the PCR reaction.

[0042] However, in current laboratory practice, DNA extraction and PCR amplification are usually performed as two separate steps. This separate approach not only increases the complexity of the experimental procedure but also consumes more laboratory space and equipment resources.

[0043] To overcome this deficiency, this application proposes a novel nucleic acid amplification detection component. This component innovatively integrates a DNA extraction and processing module with a PCR amplification module, achieving integrated operation of nucleic acid extraction and PCR amplification. More ingeniously, this application also utilizes the heat released by the PCR amplification module during the cooling phase to heat the DNA extraction and processing module. This heat recovery and utilization design not only effectively improves energy efficiency but also further reduces the overall size of the nucleic acid amplification detection component.

[0044] In one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figures 1-5 A nucleic acid amplification detection assembly is provided, including a detection tube holder 100, a heating element 200, a heat dissipation element 300, and a detection cartridge carrier 400. The detection tube holder 100 is provided with at least one receiving compartment 110 for holding detection tubes containing nucleic acid samples. At least one heating element 200 is provided and connected to the detection tube holder 100 to provide heat energy to the receiving compartment 110, thereby heating the nucleic acid sample inside the detection tube to reach the denaturation temperature required for PCR amplification. At least one heat dissipation element 300 is provided and connected to the detection tube holder 100 to absorb and dissipate heat from the receiving compartment 110, thereby reducing the temperature of the detection tube to reach the temperature required for annealing and extension. The detection cartridge carrier 400 is used to hold detection cartridges and includes a heat-conducting channel portion 410 and a fixing portion connected to the heat-conducting channel portion 410. One end of the heat-conducting channel portion 410 is connected to the heat dissipation outlet of the heat dissipation element 300 to guide the heat generated by the heat dissipation element 300, achieving efficient heat utilization.

[0045] This nucleic acid amplification detection component heats the container 110 using a heating element 200, transferring heat energy to the detection tube placed within the container 110, thus creating a high-temperature environment for the nucleic acid sample within the tube. Under this high temperature, the double-stranded DNA denatures, the hydrogen bonds between the strands break, and the DNA dissociates into single-stranded states, laying the foundation for the annealing and extension stages in the subsequent PCR amplification reaction. After the denaturation stage, the heat dissipation element 300 in the nucleic acid amplification detection component is tightly connected to the detection tube holder 100. By absorbing and effectively dissipating heat from the detection tube holder 100, it rapidly lowers the temperature of the detection tube, creating a suitable low-temperature environment for the binding of primers to single-stranded DNA. Under these low-temperature conditions, the primers bind to specific sequences of single-stranded DNA according to the principle of complementary base pairing, forming a stable primer-template complex. This provides a starting point for DNA polymerase, initiating the synthesis of new DNA strands.

[0046] It is worth noting that the heat dissipation element 300 in this application not only reduces the temperature of the detection tube, but also, through its unique thermal conductivity, guides and transfers some of the heat through the heat conduction channel of the detection cartridge carrier 400. This design utilizes the heat generated by the heat dissipation element 300 to heat the detection cartridge carrier 400, thereby heating the detection cartridge placed on it. This method of heat recovery and utilization not only improves energy efficiency but also avoids the need for an additional heat source for the detection cartridge carrier 400, thus simplifying the device structure, reducing the device size, and making the entire nucleic acid amplification detection component more compact and portable.

[0047] In this application, the test tube rack 100 provides stable support and precise temperature control for the PCR amplification process of nucleic acid samples. The container 110 is used to hold the test tubes containing the nucleic acid samples. The number of containers 110 can be one, multiple, or arranged in a specific array to accommodate different numbers of test tubes. The shape and size of the container 110 must be adapted to the shape of the test tubes to ensure that the test tubes can be securely placed within them, preventing displacement or detachment during heating and cooling.

[0048] In some embodiments, the detection tube rack 100 includes a plurality of first heat spreaders 120 stacked sequentially to form a multi-layer structure. Each first heat spreader 120 has multiple openings, which can be circular, rectangular, elliptical, or other shapes. The openings on each first heat spreader 120 are arranged one-to-one, and the openings on two adjacent heat spreaders form a continuous accommodating space. Each opening corresponds to an accommodating chamber 110, the shape of which matches the shape of the opening. Through the multi-layer stacked first heat spreaders 120 design, uniform heating or cooling of multiple detection tubes is achieved. This design can effectively avoid local heat accumulation and improve the efficiency of thermal management.

[0049] In some embodiments, the number of the first heat spreader 120 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., and preferably, the number of the first heat spreader 120 is 2 or 3.

[0050] In some embodiments, the openings on the first heat spreader 120 are arranged sequentially along the extending direction of the first heat spreader 120, forming one or more rows. The extending direction can be the length direction, width direction, or diagonal direction of the heat spreader. The spacing between the openings can be adjusted according to the heat conduction requirements and structural strength requirements. Too small a spacing may weaken the structural strength, while too large a spacing may affect the thermal uniformity.

[0051] In some embodiments, the test tube rack 100 further includes a first base plate 130, to which the bottommost first heat spreader 120 is fixed. The first base plate 130 may be made of the same material as the first heat spreader 120, typically a material with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, or their alloys, to ensure that the first base plate 130 can quickly and evenly transfer heat and form good thermal contact with the first heat spreader 120. The first base plate 130 serves as a supporting foundation, improving the structural stability of the test tube rack 100 and ensuring its reliability during use.

[0052] In some embodiments, the bottom of the first base plate 130 is provided with a slot, the first heat spreader 120 is accommodated in the slot, and the first base plate 130 is provided with openings that correspond one-to-one with the first heat spreader 120. The openings of the first base plate 130 and the openings of the first heat spreader 120 form a continuous accommodating space.

[0053] In this application, the heating element 200 is a device or component designed to provide thermal energy to the container 110 in the nucleic acid amplification detection assembly. The heating element can be implemented using various different technologies and structures, including but not limited to resistance heating, electromagnetic induction heating, and microwave heating. In this application, the heating element 200 is preferably a resistance heating element 200, which uses the Joule heat generated when current passes through the resistive element to heat the container 110.

[0054] In some embodiments, the heating element 200 is disposed within the detection tube frame 100 and located on both sides of the receiving chamber 110 for heating the receiving chamber 110. The heating element 200 is a strip-shaped thermal resistor, disposed within the first base plate 130 or the first heat spreader 120 of the detection tube frame 100, or located between two adjacent first heat spreaders 120, with one heating element 200 disposed on each side of each receiving chamber 110.

[0055] In some embodiments, two first heat spreaders 120 are stacked vertically, and the heating element 200 is fixed between the two first heat spreaders 120. Adjacent sides of the two first heat spreaders 120 are provided with grooves for accommodating the heating element 200. The heating element 200 is disposed within the grooves, the shape and size of which match the heating element 200. The groove design not only facilitates the positioning of the heating element 200 but also increases the contact area between the heating element 200 and the heat spreader, thereby improving heat conduction efficiency. The fixing method can be achieved through mechanical clamping, welding, adhesives, or other suitable methods to ensure good thermal contact between the heating element 200 and the heat spreader.

[0056] In this application, the heat dissipation element 300 is matched and disposed at the bottom of the detection tube rack 100. The structure of the heat dissipation element 300 is not limited, and it can be a metal heat sink, heat pipe, liquid cooling device, air cooling device, or any other structure or combination that can achieve effective heat dissipation.

[0057] Preferably, the heat dissipation element 300 can be a metal heat sink.

[0058] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation element 300 is mounted on the bottom of the first heat spreader 120 or on the bottom of the first base plate 130 to absorb and effectively dissipate heat from the detection tube rack 100, rapidly reducing the temperature of the detection tube and creating a suitable low-temperature environment for the binding of primers to single-stranded DNA.

[0059] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation element 300 includes a substrate and a plurality of arranged heat sinks extending vertically from the substrate, the top of the substrate being connected and fixed to the first heat spreader 120. The substrate is typically formed by stamping or casting from a sheet metal (such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy, or stainless steel).

[0060] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation element 300 further includes an airflow generating section 310 that generates airflow toward the heat conduction channel section 410.

[0061] The airflow generator 310 is a device designed to generate airflow, and its working principle may rely on the technical principles of fans, compressors, or other aerodynamic equipment. This device has a dual function: first, it effectively improves heat dissipation efficiency by accelerating airflow; second, it guides heat transfer in a specific direction to direct thermal energy into the heat conduction channel 410 for heating the detection box holder 400, thereby achieving effective heat recovery and reuse. When the airflow generator 310 is activated, it generates an airflow that flows through the heat sink, forming a directional heat flow that precisely directs towards the heat conduction channel 410, ensuring directional heat transfer and efficient utilization.

[0062] In some embodiments, the airflow generating section 310 is connected to the side of the substrate facing away from the heat conduction channel section 410, and the heat sink of the heat dissipation element 300 is arranged in the same direction as the airflow of the airflow generating section 310. This design ensures that the heat sink of the heat dissipation element 300 is aligned with the airflow generated by the airflow generating section 310, thereby optimizing the heat dissipation effect and improving the heat transfer efficiency. The connection between the airflow generating section 310 and the heat dissipation element 300 can be a mechanical connection, adhesive bonding, welding, or other suitable connection method.

[0063] In some embodiments, the airflow generator 310 is specifically implemented as a fan device, which is mounted and fixed on the base of the heat dissipation element 300. The fan is designed so that one end of its output airflow is directly directed to the heat sink area of ​​the heat dissipation element 300, ensuring that the airflow generated by the fan can directly and effectively act on the heat dissipation element 300, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0064] The connection between the fan and the heatsink 300 base is flexible; they can be directly connected or indirectly connected via intermediate components such as air ducts or connecting plates. Regardless of the connection method, the core objective is to ensure that the airflow generated by the fan can be smoothly and unobstructedly transferred to the surface of the heatsink, thereby fully utilizing the cooling effect of the airflow and achieving efficient heat dissipation.

[0065] In this application, the test box carrier 400 includes a heat-conducting channel portion 410 and a fixing portion connected to the heat-conducting channel portion 410. The heat-conducting channel portion 410 is used to conduct and guide heat originating from the heat dissipation element 300. This heat, through the heat conduction effect of the heat-conducting channel portion 410, achieves a preheating effect on the fixing portion connected thereto. Furthermore, through the heat conduction effect of the fixing portion, the heat is transferred to the test box housed in the fixing portion, thereby achieving the purpose of heating the test box.

[0066] In some embodiments, the test box carrier 400 is mounted on the side of the heat dissipation element 300, and the test box carrier 400 can be directly or indirectly connected to the heat dissipation element 300. In the case of direct connection, the test box carrier 400 is directly connected to the side of the heat dissipation element 300 via fasteners (such as bolts, screws, etc.) or structures such as clips and slots. In the case of indirect connection, the test box carrier 400 and the heat dissipation element 300 are connected via intermediate components (such as connecting plates, brackets, heat conduction plates, etc.).

[0067] In some embodiments, the fixing part is connected to the top of the heat-conducting channel 410, so that the heat generated from the heat dissipation element 300 can be guided through the heat-conducting channel 410 and directly heat the fixing part located at the top. The fixing part being connected to the top of the heat-conducting channel 410 makes the entire test box carrier 400 more compact and saves space.

[0068] The connection method between the fixing part and the heat conduction channel part 410 can be direct connection or indirect connection. Direct connection can be bolt connection, welding connection, or riveting connection, while indirect connection can be thermal adhesive connection, heat pipe connection, or heat sink connection.

[0069] In some embodiments, the heat conduction channel portion 410 is configured in a tortuous, straight, or other geometric shape, with the aim of optimizing heat conduction efficiency and / or better adapting to and integrating into the overall structural layout of the component to meet specific design requirements and performance standards.

[0070] In some embodiments, at least one first heat-conducting element 210 is provided between the detection tube holder 100 and the fixing part to achieve the heating function of the fixing part. The first heat-conducting element 210 serves as a heat transfer medium, and its core function is to effectively conduct the heat generated by the detection tube holder 100 to the fixing part, ensuring smooth and efficient heat transfer.

[0071] The first thermally conductive element 210 can be of various types, including but not limited to metal thermally conductive elements (such as copper sheets, aluminum sheets, stainless steel sheets, etc.), non-metal thermally conductive elements (such as graphite sheets, silicon sheets, etc.), and composite thermally conductive materials (such as thermally conductive silicone sheets, thermally conductive phase change materials, etc.). The number of first thermally conductive elements 210 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc.

[0072] In some embodiments, the fixing part includes a first fixing part and at least one set of heating fixing parts 430. The first fixing part includes a first fixing member 421 and a second fixing member 422 disposed opposite to each other. At least two sets of heating fixing parts 430 are disposed between the first fixing member 421 and the second fixing member 422. Each set of heating fixing parts 430 includes at least one fixing sleeve 431. The first fixing member 421 and the second fixing member 422 are respectively used to restrict the two ends of the nucleic acid extraction detection box. The fixing sleeve 431 is used to restrict a part of the nucleic acid extraction detection box.

[0073] The first heat-conducting element 210 is connected to the heating fixing part 430 and is used to heat each of the heating fixing parts 430. The connection method can be direct connection or indirect connection.

[0074] In some embodiments, each set of heating fixing parts 430 includes a second heat spreader 432, and a plurality of fixing sleeves 431 are arranged along the extension direction of the second heat spreader 432. One end of the first heat conducting element 210 passes through the detection tube frame 100 and the other end passes through the second heat spreader 432 to achieve effective heat transfer and uniform distribution.

[0075] The second heat spreader 432 is a plate-like structure with high thermal conductivity, typically made of metal (such as copper or aluminum) or alloy. When the heating element 200 within the heating fixing part 430 operates, the generated heat is rapidly transferred through the second heat spreader 432. The second heat spreader 432 acts as an accelerator for heat transfer, quickly transferring heat from the heat source (i.e., the first heat-conducting element 210) to the entire structure. Through the heat spreader 432's heat-spreading effect, heat is evenly distributed to each heating fixing part 430 and fixing sleeve 431, thereby achieving uniform heating of the object to be heated.

[0076] In some embodiments, one end of the first heat-conducting element 210 passes through the first base plate 130 or the first heat-spreading plate 120 or is located between two adjacent first heat-spreading plates 120, and the other end passes through the second heat-spreading plate 432. The first heat-conducting element 210 and the heating element 200 may be located in the same first heat-spreading plate 120, or between the same adjacent first heat-spreading plates 120, or in different first heat-spreading plates 120, or between different adjacent first heat-spreading plates 120.

[0077] Preferably, the first heat-conducting element 210 is located in or between the first heat-spreading plate 120 near the accommodating chamber 110.

[0078] In some embodiments, a second heat-conducting element 433 is connected between the second heat-spreading plates 432 of the different groups of heating fixing parts 430.

[0079] In some embodiments, the sidewall of the first fastener 421 facing the second fastener 422 has at least one set of first fastening grooves recessed therein, and the sidewall of the second fastener 422 facing the first fastener 421 has at least one set of second fastening grooves recessed therein.

[0080] The two ends of the nucleic acid extraction and detection kit can be respectively engaged with the first fixing slot and the second fixing slot, thereby restricting the position of the nucleic acid extraction and detection kit and ensuring that the nucleic acid extraction and detection kit will not move during the nucleic acid extraction process, thus avoiding affecting the nucleic acid extraction process.

[0081] In some embodiments, the receiving compartment 110 is located between the first fixing member 421 and the second fixing member 422, and the first fixing member 421 is disposed close to the receiving compartment 110. The first fixing member 421 can be connected to the detection tube rack 100 or to other fixing members.

[0082] In some embodiments, a group of heating fixing parts 430 are provided in the direction from the first fixing member 421 to the second fixing member 422. Each group of heating fixing parts 430 includes b spaced-apart fixing sleeves 431, and the receiving chambers 110 on the detection tube rack 100 are correspondingly arranged in b ways. Each receiving chamber 110 and its corresponding plurality of fixing sleeves 431 are on the same straight line.

[0083] In some embodiments, a receiving chamber 110 and four sets of heating fixing parts 430 are sequentially arranged between the first fixing member 421 and the second fixing member 422 in the direction from the first fixing member 421 to the second fixing member 422, and each set of heating fixing parts 430 includes a fixing sleeve 431.

[0084] In some embodiments, in the direction from the first fixing member 421 to the second fixing member 422, two accommodating chambers 110 and four sets of heating fixing parts 430 are sequentially arranged between the first fixing member 421 and the second fixing member 422, and each set of heating fixing parts 430 includes two spaced fixing sleeves 431.

[0085] In this application, the nucleic acid amplification detection component further includes an optical detection module 500, which is connected to the optical signal communication of the accommodating chamber 110. The optical detection module 500 is used to receive and detect the optical signal (such as fluorescence signal) generated during the nucleic acid amplification process, thereby realizing the quantitative or qualitative analysis of the amplification product.

[0086] In some embodiments, the optical detection module 500 includes a support 511 and at least one optical path box 512, which is rotatably mounted on the support 511. Each optical path box 512 is optically connected to the receiving chamber 110. The optical path box 512 can rotate around the central axis of the support 511, thereby simultaneously detecting multiple samples. The optical path box 512 and the receiving chamber 110 can achieve optical signal communication via an optical fiber 515, a lens, or other optical elements. Preferably, an optical fiber 515 is used for optical signal communication.

[0087] In some embodiments, the optical detection module 500 includes a support 511 and at least one optical path box 512. The number of optical path boxes 512 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. Preferably, the number of optical path boxes 512 can be 4 or 6.

[0088] In some embodiments, the number of optical fibers 515 is the same as the number of accommodating compartments 110, with each optical fiber 515 corresponding to one accommodating compartment 110 connection.

[0089] In some embodiments, the detection tube rack 100 further includes at least one optical fiber fastener 140, which is used to fix the optical fiber 515 to the detection tube rack 100 to ensure the stability and reliability of the optical fiber 515 during detection or communication. The optical fiber fastener 140 can adopt various structural forms, such as clamping, snap-fit, and spiral types. The optical fiber fastener 140 can be fixed to the detection tube rack 100 by welding, bolting, snap-fitting, or other methods.

[0090] In some embodiments, the test tube rack 100 further includes an optical fiber fixing member 140, which is elongated and fixed parallel to the test tube rack 100 along the arrangement direction of the accommodating compartment 110. The optical fiber 515 is disposed between the optical fiber fixing member 140 and the test tube rack 100.

[0091] In some embodiments, one end of the optical fiber 515 passes through and extends into the interior of the accommodating compartment 110 to achieve an optical signal transmission connection with the interior of the accommodating compartment 110; the other end of the optical fiber 515 is fixedly mounted on the support 511, and its position is set on the rotation path of the optical path box 512 to ensure that when the optical path box 512 rotates to a specific position, a stable and effective optical signal communication connection can be established with the optical fiber 515.

[0092] In some embodiments, the optical detection module 500 further includes a rotary drive 513 and a turntable 514. The rotary drive 513 is fixedly connected to the support 511, the turntable 514 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive 513, and the optical path box 512 is circumferentially connected to the turntable 514.

[0093] In some embodiments, the optical detection module 500 further includes a cover plate, the first end of which is connected to the support 511 and the second end of which is connected to the detection tube rack 100, and the cover plate is located on top of the optical fiber fixing member 140.

[0094] In some embodiments, the second end of the cover plate has a through hole corresponding to the accommodating compartment 110, the accommodating compartment 110 passes through the through hole, and the first fixing member 421 is fixedly connected to the second end of the cover plate.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] Reference Figures 1-5 A nucleic acid amplification detection assembly includes a detection tube holder 100, a heating element 200, a heat dissipation element 300, and a detection cartridge carrier 400. The heating element 200 is disposed within the detection tube holder 100 for heating the detection tube holder 100. The heat dissipation element 300 is connected to the bottom of the detection tube holder 100 for dissipating heat from the detection tube holder 100. The detection cartridge carrier 400 is disposed on one side of the detection tube holder 100 for holding detection cartridges.

[0097] The testing tube rack 100 includes a first base plate 130, three first heat spreaders 120, and a receiving chamber 110. The three first heat spreaders 120 are stacked sequentially to form a three-layer structure. Each first heat spreader 120 has 12 circular openings arranged along its extension direction, with each opening corresponding to the previous one. The bottom of the first base plate 130 has a slot, in which the three first heat spreaders 120 are accommodated. The first base plate 130 has openings corresponding to the first heat spreaders 120, forming 12 continuous receiving spaces. A receiving chamber 110 is installed in each receiving space.

[0098] The heating element 200 includes two long strip-shaped thermal resistors. The bottom two first heat spreaders 120 of the three first heat spreaders 120 have two parallel grooves on their adjacent sides. The two parallel grooves are respectively opened along the arrangement direction of the circular opening and are located on both sides of the circular opening. The two special groups are respectively placed in the grooves so as to make full contact with the two first heat spreaders 120, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency.

[0099] The heat dissipation element 300 includes a substrate and a plurality of heat sinks arranged in an array extending vertically downward from the substrate. The top of the substrate is connected and fixed to the first base plate 130, and the bottommost of the three first heat spreaders 120 contacts the top surface of the substrate to improve heat dissipation efficiency. The heat sinks are made of metal. The heat dissipation element 300 also includes an airflow generating section 310, which is a fan. The fan is connected to the side of the substrate facing away from the detection box carrier 400. The airflow output area of ​​the fan corresponds to the distribution area of ​​the heat sinks, and the plane of the fan is perpendicular to the heat sinks.

[0100] The detection box carrier 400 includes a heat-conducting channel portion 410 and a fixing portion. One end of the heat-conducting channel is correspondingly disposed on the side of the heat sink area facing away from the airflow generating portion 310. The fixing portion is fixedly connected to the top of the heat-conducting channel portion 410. The fixing portion includes a first fixing portion and four sets of heating fixing portions 430. The first fixing portion includes a first fixing member 421 and a second fixing member 422 disposed opposite to each other. Four sets of heating fixing portions 430 are disposed between the first fixing member 421 and the second fixing member 422. Each set of heating fixing portions 430 includes 12 spaced fixing sleeves 431. The first fixing member 421 and the second fixing member 422 are used to restrict the two ends of the nucleic acid extraction detection box, and the fixing sleeves 431 are used to restrict a portion of the nucleic acid extraction detection box. The side wall of the first fixing member 421 facing the second fixing member 422 has 12 first fixing grooves recessed inward thereto, and the side wall of the second fixing member 422 facing the first fixing member 421 has 12 second fixing grooves recessed inward thereto. Each group of heating fixing parts 430 has a second heat spreader 432 connected to its bottom, and 12 fixing sleeves 431 are arranged along the extending direction of the second heat spreader 432. A first heat-conducting element 210 is connected between the second heat spreader 432 and the first heat spreader 120. One end of the first heat-conducting element 210 passes through the uppermost of the three first heat spreaders 120, and the other end passes through the second heat spreader 432. Second heat-conducting elements 433 are connected between the second heat spreaders 432 of different groups of heating fixing parts 430.

[0101] The nucleic acid amplification detection component further includes an optical detection module 500. The optical detection module 500 includes a support 511, four optical path boxes 512, a rotation drive 513, and a turntable 514. The rotation drive 513 is fixedly connected to the support 511, and the turntable 514 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the rotation drive 513. The rotation drive 513 is a rotary motor. The four optical path boxes 512 are circumferentially distributed and suspended on the bottom surface of the turntable 514. Each accommodating chamber 110 is correspondingly provided with an optical fiber 515. One end of the optical fiber 515 passes through and extends into the interior of the accommodating chamber 110, and the other end is fixedly installed on the support 511, with its end position positioned on the rotation path of the optical path box 512. The optical detection module 500 also includes a cover plate. The first end of the cover plate is connected to the support 511, and the second end is connected to the detection tube frame 100. The second end of the cover plate has through holes corresponding to the accommodating compartments 110. The accommodating compartments 110 are inserted into the through holes. The first fixing member 421 is fixedly connected to the second end of the cover plate. The cover plate is located on top of the optical fiber fixing member 140.

[0102] The detection tube rack 100 also includes an optical fiber fixing component 140. The optical fiber fixing component 140 is designed in a long strip shape. The optical fiber fixing component 140 is fixed parallel to the first base plate 130 along the arrangement direction of the accommodating compartment 110. The optical fiber 515 is disposed between the optical fiber fixing component 140 and the first base plate 130.

[0103] During use, the thermal resistor heats the container 110, causing the double-stranded DNA to denature under high temperature. The hydrogen bonds between the two strands break, and the DNA dissociates into single strands. After the denaturation stage, the system activates the airflow generator 310, which, with the help of the heat sink, effectively lowers the temperature of the container 110 to the appropriate temperature required for the annealing and extension stages. At this point, the primers specifically bind to the dissociated single-stranded DNA, providing a clear starting point for DNA polymerase and initiating the DNA synthesis process. Throughout the DNA amplification process, the fiber optic system 515 receives the generated fluorescence signal and transmits it to the optical path box 512 for real-time and accurate monitoring and analysis of fluorescence changes during DNA amplification.

[0104] Meanwhile, the nucleic acid amplification detection component in this application also cleverly incorporates a first heat-conducting element 210, which effectively conducts heat from the detection tube holder 100 to the fixing part, thereby heating the fixing sleeve 431. Furthermore, the heat flow generated by the airflow generator 310 is also guided into the heat-conducting channel 410 to heat the detection box on the fixing sleeve 431. This design facilitates nucleic acid pretreatment. The four rotating optical path boxes 512 can simultaneously acquire optical signals from four different channels. The rotating motor drives the optical path boxes 512 to rotate, allowing them to sequentially acquire optical signals from the 12 optical fibers 515.

[0105] The nucleic acid amplification detection component of this application heats the detection cartridge carrier 400 by utilizing the heat from the detection tube holder 100, which effectively reduces the need for additional heat source mechanisms, making the overall structure simpler, more reasonable, and easier to operate.

[0106] Although the embodiments of this application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments and application fields described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and instructive, not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms based on the guidance of this specification and without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of this application, and these are all within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid amplification detection component, characterized in that, include: The testing tube rack is equipped with at least one receiving compartment; At least one heating element is connected to the detection tube rack to provide heat to the accommodating chamber; At least one heat dissipation element is connected to the detection tube rack to reduce the temperature of the containment chamber; The test box carrier includes a heat-conducting channel portion and a fixing portion connected to the heat-conducting channel portion. One end of the heat-conducting channel portion is connected to the heat dissipation outlet of the heat dissipation element to guide the heat generated by the heat dissipation element.

2. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element is installed inside the detection tube frame and is located on both sides of the accommodating chamber.

3. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection tube rack is connected to the fixing part by at least one first heat-conducting element.

4. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing part includes a first fixing part and at least one set of heating fixing parts. The first fixing part includes a first fixing member and a second fixing member disposed opposite to each other. At least two sets of heating fixing parts are disposed between the first fixing member and the second fixing member. Each set of heating fixing parts includes at least one fixing sleeve. The first fixing member and the second fixing member are respectively used to restrict the two ends of the nucleic acid extraction detection box. The fixing sleeve is used to restrict a part of the nucleic acid extraction detection box.

5. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each group of heating fixing parts includes a second heat-spreading plate, and a second heat-conducting element is connected between the second heat-spreading plates of different groups of heating fixing parts.

6. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 4, characterized in that, The accommodating compartment is located between the first fixing member and the second fixing member, with the first fixing member positioned close to the accommodating compartment.

7. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation element is provided with an airflow generating section, which generates airflow toward the heat conduction channel section.

8. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nucleic acid amplification and detection component also includes an optical detection module, which is connected to the optical signal communication of the accommodating chamber.

9. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optical detection module includes a support and at least one optical path box, which is rotatably mounted on the support. Each optical path box is connected to the accommodating chamber via optical signal communication.

10. The nucleic acid amplification detection component according to claim 9, characterized in that, The optical detection module further includes a rotary drive and a turntable. The rotary drive is connected to the support, and the turntable is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive. The optical path box is circumferentially connected to the turntable.

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