Energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network

Abstract

The utility model provides an energy storage device, an energy storage system and a charging network, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage. The energy storage device comprises a total positive connecting end, a total negative connecting end, a first battery cluster, a second battery cluster and a control circuit, wherein the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster are connected in parallel; the control circuit is used for connecting the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster between the total positive connecting end and the total negative connecting end; the control circuit comprises a positive pole control loop connected between the positive pole of the battery cluster and the total positive connection end, and the positive pole control loop is provided with a positive pole switch and a normally-closed positive pole isolation switch; the negative electrode control loop is connected between the negative electrode of the battery cluster and the total negative connecting end, and the negative electrode control loop is provided with a negative electrode switch and a normally-closed negative electrode isolating switch; and the first pre-charging circuit is connected with the positive electrode switch in series or in parallel, and the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster pre-charge the load through the first pre-charging circuit. The number of electrical elements can be reduced, the circuit control logic is simplified, and the system response speed is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable social development. Rechargeable batteries, with their ability to store and release energy as needed, are widely used in various electrical devices and energy storage systems, and are an important component in promoting energy transition and sustainable development. For the new energy industry, battery technology is a crucial factor in its development.

[0003] In energy storage systems, energy storage batteries can be connected to external devices via inverters to discharge to external devices or store electrical energy supplied by external devices. However, because each component has its own independent switching control circuit, this not only leads to redundancy in some components but also increases the complexity of circuit control. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to at least address one of the technical problems existing in the background art. Therefore, one objective of this application is to provide an energy storage device, energy storage system, and charging network to reduce redundant components in the energy storage device and simplify circuit control logic.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, which includes a total positive connection terminal and a total negative connection terminal, a first battery cluster and a second battery cluster connected in parallel, and a control circuit connecting the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster between the total positive connection terminal and the total negative connection terminal; the control circuit includes: a positive control circuit connected between the positive terminal of the battery cluster and the total positive connection terminal, the positive control circuit having a positive switch and a positive isolation switch connected in series between the positive switch and the total positive connection terminal; a negative control circuit connected between the negative terminal of the battery cluster and the total negative connection terminal, the negative control circuit having a negative switch and a negative isolation switch connected in series between the negative switch and the total negative connection terminal; a first pre-charging circuit connected in series or in parallel with the positive switch, the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster both pre-charging the load through the first pre-charging circuit; the positive isolation switch and the negative isolation switch are normally closed switches.

[0006] By integrating the connection circuits between multiple battery clusters and the main positive and negative connection terminals, diverse connection requirements can be met. At the same time, multiple battery clusters can share the first pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, protect the switching elements when powered on, reduce redundant electrical components, and set normally closed positive and negative isolation switches to provide mechanical isolation protection, achieve reliable isolation during maintenance or failure, and improve the service life and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the positive switch is connected to the positive terminals of the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster, respectively, and the output terminal of the positive switch is connected to the overall positive connection terminal. This simplifies the switching elements and pre-charging circuit of the control circuit, thereby reducing hardware costs and the control logic of electrical components in the control circuit, and improving system response speed.

[0008] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the negative switch is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster, the output terminal of the negative disconnect switch is connected to the main negative connection terminal, and the negative terminal of the second battery cluster is connected between the negative disconnect switch and the main negative connection terminal. By sharing the positive and negative control circuits with the first battery cluster, the positive and negative switches can simultaneously control the connection of both battery clusters to the outside, thereby reducing redundant electrical components, lowering hardware costs, and simplifying the control logic of the switching elements.

[0009] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the negative switch is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster, the output terminal of the negative disconnect switch is connected to the main negative connection terminal, and the negative terminal of the second battery cluster is connected between the negative switch and the negative disconnect switch. By controlling the negative disconnect switch, the negative terminal of the battery cluster is isolated from the outside, which facilitates wiring operations for maintenance personnel and improves the reliability and maintainability of the energy storage system.

[0010] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the negative switch is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster, and the output terminal of the negative isolation switch is connected to the main negative connection terminal. The negative control circuit also includes a secondary negative switch, the input terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster, and the output terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of either the negative switch or the output terminal of the negative isolation switch. The secondary negative switch allows independent control of the connection between the negative terminal of the second battery cluster and the main negative connection terminal, thereby maintaining reliable isolation between the second battery cluster and the external environment in the event of a fault or maintenance requirement, improving the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0011] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the negative switch is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster, the output terminal of the negative isolating switch is connected to the main negative connection terminal, and the negative control circuit further includes a secondary negative switch, the input terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster, and the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminal of the negative switch. Furthermore, the control circuit further includes a second pre-charge circuit, connected in series or parallel with the secondary negative switch. The second pre-charge circuit is used to adjust the voltage difference between the first and second battery clusters when both the positive and negative switches are open. By setting the second pre-charge circuit, the voltage difference between the two battery clusters can be reduced when both main switches are open, thereby reducing the risk of current surges and arcing when the main switches are closed subsequently, protecting the switching elements, and improving the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0012] In some embodiments, the positive control circuit includes a first positive switch and a second positive switch connected in parallel. The two ends of the first positive switch are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cluster and the overall positive connection terminal, and the two ends of the second positive switch are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cluster and the overall positive connection terminal. The negative control circuit includes a first negative switch and a second negative switch connected in parallel. The two ends of the first negative switch are respectively connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster and the overall negative connection terminal, and the two ends of the second negative switch are respectively connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster and the overall negative connection terminal. The first pre-charge circuit is connected in parallel with either the first positive switch or the second positive switch. This allows for independent control of the connection between the positive and negative terminals of the battery clusters and the external load, reducing the potential risk of arcing, simplifying the system structure, and improving the system's reliability and operating efficiency.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first positive switch and the first negative switch are contactors, and the second positive switch and the second negative switch are both isolating switches. By selecting appropriate switch types, the response speed of the energy storage system's switch control can be improved while ensuring reliable isolation.

[0014] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage device, an inverter, and a switching circuit. The energy storage device includes a main positive connection terminal and a main negative connection terminal. The inverter includes a DC positive terminal and a DC negative terminal located on the DC side. The switching circuit is used to control the connection between the energy storage device and the DC side of the inverter. The switching circuit includes a positive connection circuit and a negative connection circuit. The positive connection circuit is connected in series between the main positive connection terminal and the DC positive terminal. The positive connection circuit is provided with a main positive switch, which simultaneously undertakes the positive output control function of the energy storage device and the positive input control function of the DC side of the inverter. The negative connection circuit is connected in series between the main negative connection terminal and the DC negative terminal. The negative connection circuit is provided with a main negative switch, which simultaneously undertakes the negative output control function of the energy storage device and the negative input control function of the DC side of the inverter.

[0015] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by integrating the control switches of the output terminal of the energy storage device and the DC side input terminal of the inverter into a single switching circuit, the output control of both the energy storage device and the inverter can be carried out simultaneously. This simplifies redundant switching elements, streamlines the control logic of the switches, reduces the cost of the energy storage system, and improves the system response speed.

[0016] In some embodiments, the inverter further includes a support capacitor connected between the DC positive and DC negative terminals; the energy storage system also includes a third pre-charge circuit electrically connected to the support capacitor, used to pre-charge the support capacitor before the main positive and main negative switches are closed. This can mitigate the inrush current at power-on and also integrate the redundant pre-charge circuits on the DC side of the energy storage device and the inverter, simplifying the control circuit structure and reducing system costs.

[0017] In some embodiments, the third pre-charge circuit is connected in parallel across the main positive switch or in parallel across the main negative switch. This keeps the parallel switches open during pre-charging, protecting the switching elements from the impact of instantaneous current during power-on and improving system reliability.

[0018] In some embodiments, the third pre-charge circuit includes a pre-charge switch and a pre-charge resistor, which are connected in series and then connected in parallel across the main positive switch. Connecting the third pre-charge circuit in parallel across the main positive switch can prevent the main positive switch from experiencing excessive inrush current when closed, thus protecting the main switch and improving the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0019] In some embodiments, the third pre-charging circuit further includes a bypass switch, which is connected in parallel across the main negative switch. By providing the bypass switch, the main negative switch can be protected from large inrush currents when closed, thereby improving the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0020] In some embodiments, the main positive switch and the main negative switch are disconnecting switches. Disconnecting switches typically have strong mechanical structural strength and arc-extinguishing capability, and can maintain a reliable open state after the fault current is cut off, effectively isolating the faulty inverter section from the battery cluster, preventing the fault from spreading, and helping to prevent electric shock due to misoperation, thereby improving the insulation reliability of the energy storage system.

[0021] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides a charging network, including a charging pile and the aforementioned energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery according to some embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This application provides schematic diagrams of the structure of an energy storage system according to some embodiments.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This application provides schematic diagrams illustrating the connections between multiple battery clusters in an energy storage device according to some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 5 This application provides schematic diagrams illustrating the connections between multiple battery clusters in an energy storage device according to some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 6 This application provides schematic diagrams illustrating the connections between multiple battery clusters in an energy storage device according to some embodiments. Figure 3 ;

[0030] Figure 7 This application provides schematic diagrams illustrating the connections between multiple battery clusters in an energy storage device according to some embodiments. Figure 4 ;

[0031] Figure 8 This application provides schematic diagrams illustrating the connections between multiple battery clusters in an energy storage device according to some embodiments. Figure 5 ;

[0032] Figure 9 This application provides schematic diagrams illustrating the connections between multiple battery clusters in an energy storage device according to some embodiments. Figure 6 ;

[0033] Figure 10 The diagram shows the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] Energy storage system 1000;

[0036] Battery device 100, energy storage device 200, power conversion device 300, power generation device 400, charging pile 500, connector 600;

[0037] Box 10, Part 11, Part 2 12;

[0038] Inverter 210, switching circuit 220, first battery cluster 201, second battery cluster 202, control circuit 203, general positive connection terminal 204, general negative connection terminal 205, first pre-charge circuit 206, second pre-charge circuit 207, first control circuit 203A, second control circuit 203B, third pre-charge circuit 221.

[0039] Main positive switch S1, main negative switch S2, third precharge switch S3, bypass switch S4, third precharge resistor R1, support capacitor C1;

[0040] Positive switch S11, negative switch S12, first pre-charge switch S13, first pre-charge resistor R11, positive isolation switch S14, negative isolation switch S15, secondary negative switch S16, second pre-charge resistor R12, second pre-charge switch S17.

[0041] First positive switch S21, first negative switch S22, second positive switch S23, second negative switch S24, fuse F1. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0045] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] Currently, the application of rechargeable batteries is becoming increasingly widespread, judging from market trends. They are not only used in energy storage systems for hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in various electronic devices, such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. As the application areas of rechargeable batteries continue to expand, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0051] Energy storage devices typically employ multiple battery clusters, each containing multiple battery packs, to increase the device's capacity and terminal voltage. These multiple battery clusters usually have independent switching circuits and pre-charge circuits to control the connection between the battery clusters and the load. This setup not only leads to electrical component redundancy and increased cost but also increases the complexity of the control logic.

[0052] Based on this, this application proposes an energy storage device, which includes a total positive connection terminal and a total negative connection terminal, a first battery cluster and a second battery cluster connected in parallel, and a control circuit connecting the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster between the total positive connection terminal and the total negative connection terminal; the control circuit includes: a positive control circuit connected between the positive terminal of the battery cluster and the total positive connection terminal, the positive control circuit having a positive switch and a positive isolation switch connected in series between the positive switch and the total positive connection terminal; a negative control circuit connected between the negative terminal of the battery cluster and the total negative connection terminal, the negative control circuit having a negative switch and a negative isolation switch connected in series between the negative switch and the total negative connection terminal; and a first pre-charging circuit connected in series or in parallel with the positive switch, wherein both the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster pre-charge the load through the first pre-charging circuit.

[0053] By integrating the connection circuits between multiple battery clusters and the main positive and negative connection terminals, diverse connection requirements can be met. At the same time, multiple battery clusters can share the first pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, protect the switching elements when powered on, reduce redundant electrical components, simplify circuit control logic, and set normally closed positive and negative isolation switches to provide mechanical isolation protection, achieve reliable isolation during maintenance or failure, and improve the service life and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0054] This application also provides an energy storage device that uses a battery as a power source. The energy storage device can be, but is not limited to, an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, an energy storage power station, an energy storage battery pack, or a portable energy storage system.

[0055] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments use an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application as an example.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, with the battery cell 20 housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 provides a space for the battery cell 20 and can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which overlap each other, jointly defining a space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second portion 12 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first portion 11 may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the second portion 12 so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 jointly define the space. Alternatively, both the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first portion 11 covering the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0057] In the battery device 100, there can be multiple battery cells 20, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration. A mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel connections. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 20 is housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can also consist of multiple battery cells 20 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form battery modules, and then these battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is also housed within the housing 10. The battery device 100 may also include other structures; for example, it may include a busbar component for electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.

[0058] Each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited to these. The battery cell 20 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application. Embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device 200, including one or more battery clusters to increase the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device 200. A battery cluster may include multiple battery devices 100, which are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device 200. When the energy storage device 200 includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device 200. The energy storage device 200 can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems, etc. The energy storage device 200 can store electrical energy as needed and output electrical energy when appropriate. For example, the energy storage device 200 can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application can be any power system that requires the energy storage device 200. In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0060] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 may include a cabinet and one or more battery clusters housed in the cabinet.

[0061] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 200 may include modules such as a thermal management module, a main control module, a central control module, a power distribution module, and a fire protection module.

[0062] As an example, the thermal management module may include a liquid cooling unit that supplies coolant to each battery device 100 via piping to regulate the temperature of the individual battery cells 20.

[0063] As an example, the main control module can serve as the battery management unit for the battery cluster, used to monitor and manage the battery cluster. The main control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, or temperature of the battery cluster. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the battery cluster. The main control module includes modules such as an auxiliary battery management unit (SBMU) and a fusion switch.

[0064] As an example, the central control module can serve as the battery management unit of the energy storage device 200, used to monitor and manage the energy storage device 200. The central control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature of the energy storage device 200. For example, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the energy storage device 200. As an example, the central control module includes modules such as an insulation monitoring module (IMM), a master battery management unit (MBMU), an Ethernet (ETH) module, and a fiber optic conversion module.

[0065] As an example, a fire protection system includes control panels, detectors, alarm devices, etc., used to detect, alarm, or extinguish fires in energy storage systems.

[0066] As an example, the power distribution unit can be used to distribute power to the power modules of the energy storage device 200.

[0067] In some embodiments, the energy storage system may include one or more energy storage devices 200 and a power converter system (PCS), wherein the power converter system 300 is connected between the power generation device 400 and the energy storage device 200. The power generation device 400 generates electrical energy, which can be stored in the energy storage device 200 via the power converter system 300, and the electrical energy stored in the energy storage device 200 can be released back to the power generation device 400 via the power converter system 300. As an example, the power generation device 400 may specifically be a power grid, solar panels, hydroelectric power generation equipment, thermal power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, etc. The specific type of the power generation device 400 is not limited in this application.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging network provided in some embodiments of this application. Embodiments of this application provide a charging network including a charging pile 500 and an energy storage device 200. The charging pile 500 is electrically connected to the energy storage device 200, which provides electrical energy to the charging pile 500. The charging pile 500 is electrically connected to a battery device 100 in the energy storage device 200 via a cable, and the battery device 100 can provide its stored electrical energy to the charging pile 500. The charging pile 500 has one or more connectors 600 for connecting to electrical equipment (such as a vehicle), thereby enabling the charging equipment to receive additional power.

[0069] The energy storage device 200 can be located inside the charging pile 500 (e.g., an integrated energy storage and charging unit) or outside the charging pile 500.

[0070] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 According to some embodiments of this application, the energy storage device 200 includes a total positive connection terminal 204 and a total negative connection terminal 205, a first battery cluster 201 and a second battery cluster 202 connected in parallel, and a control circuit 203 connecting the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 between the total positive connection terminal 204 and the total negative connection terminal 205.

[0071] The control circuit 203 includes a positive control circuit and a negative control circuit. The positive control circuit is connected between the positive terminal of the battery cluster and the main positive connection terminal 204. The positive control circuit is equipped with a positive switch S11 and a positive isolation switch S14 connected in series between the positive switch S11 and the main positive connection terminal 204. The negative control circuit is connected between the negative terminal of the battery cluster and the main negative connection terminal 205. The negative control circuit is equipped with a negative switch S12 and a negative isolation switch S15 connected in series between the negative switch S12 and the main negative connection terminal 205. The first pre-charging circuit 206 is connected in series or in parallel with the positive switch S11. The first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 both pre-charge the load through the first pre-charging circuit 206. The positive isolation switch S14 and the negative isolation switch S15 are normally closed switches.

[0072] The first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 in the energy storage device 200 can be connected in parallel to the main positive connection terminal 204 and the main negative connection terminal 205 through the control circuit 203.

[0073] In some examples, such as Figure 4 As shown, the control circuit 203 includes a first control circuit 203A and a second control circuit 203B that are independent of each other. The first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 can be connected to the positive connection terminal 204 and the negative connection terminal 205 respectively through the first control circuit 203A and the second control circuit 203B.

[0074] The load can be an external electrical device or an inverter. The load is electrically connected to the main positive connection terminal 204 and the main negative connection terminal 205.

[0075] The first control circuit 203A and the second control circuit 203B can have the same structure. For example, the first control circuit 203A and the second control circuit 203B can each include a first pre-charging circuit 206, which is connected in parallel with the corresponding positive switch. This allows for pre-charging of the load's capacitor when the battery pack is connected to the load, achieving a "soft start" when the battery pack is connected to the load. However, this circuit structure has redundancy in the pre-charging circuit, leading to increased hardware costs and more complex control logic.

[0076] In other embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 can share a single positive or negative control circuit, thereby reducing the redundancy of electrical components in the control circuit 203. For example, only one first pre-charge circuit 206 is provided, and it is connected in parallel with the positive switch S11 in the positive control circuit. The first pre-charge circuit 206, connected in parallel with the positive switch S11, includes a first pre-charge resistor R11 and a first pre-charge switch S13 connected in series. Thus, when the first pre-charge switch S13 is closed, the load and the second battery cluster 202 can be connected to the load to pre-charge the load; or, when the first pre-charge switch S13 and the negative switch S12 are closed, the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the load and the first pre-charge resistor R11 to pre-charge the load.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first pre-charge circuit 206 may further include a bypass switch connected in parallel with the negative switch S12. The control of the bypass switch may be synchronized with the control of the first pre-charge switch S13, so that both the positive switch S11 and the negative switch S12 are kept off during pre-charge.

[0078] In some embodiments, the positive control circuit may also be equipped with a fuse F1 connected in series with the positive switch S11.

[0079] Positive switch S11 and negative switch S12 can be contactors. In some situations, positive switch S11 and negative switch S12 may experience contact sticking, coil burnout preventing disconnection, or control circuit failure, thus preventing the high-voltage circuit from being disconnected. Installing positive disconnect switch S14 and negative disconnect switch S15 can forcibly disconnect the high-voltage circuit in such emergency situations, thereby providing redundant mechanical isolation protection.

[0080] The positive disconnect switch S14 and the negative disconnect switch S15 are normally closed disconnect switches, which can be manually disconnected by maintenance personnel during system installation, commissioning or maintenance to form a visible disconnection point, thus meeting the safety standards for disconnecting electrical appliances.

[0081] The positive isolation switch S14 and the negative isolation switch S15 can be controlled synchronously, meaning they can be closed or opened simultaneously. The specific control can be automatic by the battery management system or manual.

[0082] By integrating the connections between multiple battery clusters and the main positive connection terminal 204 and the main negative connection terminal 205 through the control circuit 203, diverse connection requirements can be met. At the same time, multiple battery clusters can precharge the load through the first pre-charging circuit 206, protect the switching elements when powered on, reduce redundant electrical components, simplify the control logic of the circuit, and provide mechanical isolation protection by setting normally closed positive and negative isolation switches. This ensures reliable isolation during maintenance or failure, and improves the service life and reliability of the energy storage device.

[0083] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the input terminal of the positive switch S11 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cluster 201 and the positive terminal of the second battery cluster 202, respectively, and the output terminal of the positive switch S11 is connected to the main positive connection terminal 204.

[0084] The positive terminals of the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 are simultaneously connected to the input terminal of the positive switch S11, while the output terminal of the positive switch S11 is directly or indirectly connected to the total positive connection terminal 204. In this way, the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 can share the positive switch S11 on the same positive control circuit.

[0085] It should be noted that, for ease of understanding and explanation, in this application, the input terminal of a switching element refers to the end closer to the battery, and the output terminal refers to the end closer to the external load, i.e., the end closer to the main positive connection terminal or the main negative connection terminal. Specifically, for switching elements located in the positive control circuit, such as the positive switch S11 and the positive isolation switch S14, the end closer to the positive terminal of the battery cluster is the input terminal, and the end closer to the load is the output terminal. Similarly, for switching elements located in the negative control circuit, such as the negative switch S12, the end closer to the negative terminal of the battery cluster is still the input terminal, and the end closer to the load is the output terminal; this will not be elaborated further in subsequent embodiments.

[0086] The embodiments of this application can simplify the switching elements and pre-charging circuit of the control circuit 203, thereby reducing hardware costs and the control logic of the electrical components in the control circuit 203, and improving the system response speed.

[0087] In this embodiment, the normally closed positive isolation switch S14 and negative isolation switch S15 can improve the control redundancy of the high-voltage circuit, provide redundant mechanical isolation protection, achieve reliable isolation during maintenance or failure, and improve the reliability and maintainability of the energy storage system.

[0088] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the input terminal of the negative switch S12 is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster 201, and the output terminal of the negative isolation switch S15 is connected to the total negative connection terminal 205.

[0089] In some embodiments, the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 is connected between the negative isolation switch S15 and the main negative connection terminal 205.

[0090] The negative control circuit includes two parallel branches. The first branch connects the negative terminal of the first battery cluster 201 to the main negative connection terminal 205, and the negative switch S12 and the negative isolating switch S15 are connected in series in the first branch. The second branch connects the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 to the main negative connection terminal 205. No electrical components are installed on the second branch.

[0091] The negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 can be directly connected to the output terminal of the negative isolation switch S15, or it can be connected to the main negative connection terminal 205, or it can be connected to any position between the negative isolation switch S15 and the main negative connection terminal 205.

[0092] In this embodiment of the application, by sharing the positive control circuit and the negative control circuit between the second battery cluster 202 and the first battery cluster 201, the positive switch S11 and the negative switch S12 can simultaneously control the connection between the two battery clusters and the outside, thereby simplifying redundant electrical components, reducing hardware costs, and simplifying the control logic of the switching components.

[0093] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 is connected between the negative terminal switch S12 and the negative terminal isolation switch S15.

[0094] Since the negative isolation switch S15 is normally closed, connecting the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 between the output terminal of the negative switch S12 and the input terminal of the negative isolation switch S15 will not affect the connection circuit between the first pre-charging circuit 206 and the second battery cluster 202 during the pre-charging phase.

[0095] When the energy storage device 200 malfunctions or requires maintenance, disconnecting the negative electrode isolation switch S15 can disconnect the negative electrode of the first battery cluster 201 and the negative electrode of the second battery cluster 202 from the external load, thereby maintaining complete isolation between the negative electrode of the battery cluster and the external load.

[0096] This application embodiment can isolate the negative electrode of the battery cluster from the outside by controlling the negative electrode isolation switch S15, which is more conducive to the wiring operation of operation and maintenance personnel and improves the reliability and maintainability of the energy storage system.

[0097] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7As shown, the negative control circuit also includes a secondary negative switch S16. The input terminal of the secondary negative switch S16 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202, and the output terminal of the secondary negative switch S16 is connected to the output terminal of the negative switch S12 or the output terminal of the negative isolation switch S15.

[0098] The secondary negative switch S16 can be used to control the on / off state of the second branch in the negative control circuit. In this way, regardless of whether the second branch is connected to the output terminal of the negative switch S12 or the output terminal of the negative isolation switch S15, the connection between the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 and the main negative connection terminal 205 can be disconnected through the secondary negative switch S16.

[0099] The connection between the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 and the main negative connection terminal 205 can be independently controlled by the secondary negative switch S16, thereby maintaining reliable isolation between the second battery cluster 202 and the outside world in the event of a fault or maintenance, and improving the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0100] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the negative control circuit also includes a secondary negative switch S16. The input terminal of the secondary negative switch S16 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202, and the output terminal of the secondary negative switch S16 is connected to the input terminal of the negative switch S12.

[0101] The control circuit 203 also includes a second pre-charge circuit 207, which is connected in series or in parallel with the secondary negative switch S16. The second pre-charge circuit 207 is used to adjust the voltage difference between the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 when both the positive switch S11 and the negative switch S12 are open.

[0102] The negative control circuit includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is equipped with a negative switch S12 and a negative isolation switch S15 connected in series. The second branch is equipped with a secondary negative switch S16. One end of the second branch is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202, and the other end is connected between the negative switch S12 and the negative isolation switch S15.

[0103] The second pre-charging circuit 207 can be connected in series with the secondary negative switch S16 or in parallel with the secondary negative switch S16. It is understood that corresponding switch control elements can be set for the corresponding connection methods.

[0104] like Figure 9As shown, the two ends of the secondary negative switch S16 are connected to the input terminal of the negative switch S12 (the negative terminal of the first battery cluster 201) and the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202, respectively. The second pre-charge circuit 207 is connected in parallel with the secondary negative switch S16. The second pre-charge circuit 207 specifically includes a second pre-charge resistor R12 and a second pre-charge switch S17 connected in series. In this way, when both the positive switch S11 and the negative switch S12 are open, the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 can be connected through the second pre-charge circuit 207, thereby reducing the voltage difference between them. After the voltage difference is reduced to below a set threshold, the positive switch S11 and the negative switch S12 are closed, and the second pre-charge switch S17 is opened.

[0105] By setting up a second pre-charging circuit 207, the voltage difference between the two battery clusters can be reduced when both main switches (positive switch S11 and negative switch S12) are open. This helps to reduce the risk of current surge and arcing when the main switch is closed, which helps to protect the switching components and improve the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0106] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, the positive control circuit includes a first positive switch S21 and a second positive switch S22 connected in parallel. The two ends of the first positive switch S21 are connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cluster 201 and the total positive connection terminal 204, respectively. The two ends of the second positive switch S22 are connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cluster 202 and the total positive connection terminal 204, respectively. The negative control circuit includes a first negative switch S23 and a second negative switch S24 connected in parallel. The two ends of the first negative switch S23 are connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster 201 and the total negative connection terminal 205, respectively. The two ends of the second negative switch S24 are connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 and the total negative connection terminal 205, respectively. The first pre-charging circuit 206 is connected in parallel with either the first positive switch S21 or the second positive switch S22.

[0107] The positive control circuit includes a first positive branch connected to the first battery cluster 201 and a second positive branch connected to the second battery cluster 202. The positive switch includes a first positive switch S21 disposed in the first positive branch and a second positive switch S23 disposed in the second positive branch. The first positive branch is also provided with a positive isolation switch S14 connected in series with the first positive switch S21. The first positive branch and the second positive branch are connected in parallel to the main positive connection terminal 204.

[0108] The negative control circuit includes a first negative branch connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster 201 and a second negative branch connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202. The negative switch includes a first negative switch S23 disposed in the first negative branch and a second negative switch S24 disposed in the second negative branch. The first negative branch is also provided with a negative isolation switch S15 connected to the first negative switch S23. The first negative branch and the second negative branch are connected in parallel to the main negative connection terminal 205.

[0109] The first pre-charging circuit 206 can be connected in parallel with the positive control circuit corresponding to any battery cluster.

[0110] like Figure 10 As shown, the first pre-charge circuit 206 is connected in parallel with the first positive switch 21. During wiring, since the first positive switch 21 is in the open state, the risk of arcing due to the switch not being closed is reduced, thereby improving the safety of the wiring operation. When high voltage is applied, the first battery cluster 201 equipped with the first pre-charge circuit 206 completes the power-on operation first, and pre-charges the supporting capacitor of the inverter 210 through the first pre-charge circuit 206, effectively preventing the problem of arcing during closing due to voltage surges. Subsequently, the remaining battery clusters complete the switch closing operation in sequence.

[0111] By setting corresponding switch branches for the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202, the connection between the positive and negative terminals of the battery clusters and the external load can be controlled independently, reducing the potential risk of electric arc, simplifying the system structure, and improving the system's reliability and operating efficiency.

[0112] According to some embodiments of this application, the first positive switch S21 and the first negative switch S22 are both contactors, and the second positive switch S23 and the second negative switch S24 are both disconnect switches.

[0113] Compared to disconnect switches, contactors are cheaper and smaller, making them suitable as the main on / off switch for battery clusters.

[0114] In this embodiment, the first positive switch S21 and the first negative switch S22 are each connected in series with an isolating switch, which can achieve forced isolation. Therefore, the first positive switch S21 and the first negative switch S22 serve as the main switches of the energy storage device 200. Both are contactors and are connected to the battery management system signal to achieve on / off control according to the control instructions issued by the battery management system.

[0115] The second positive switch S23 and the second negative switch S24 can be either electrically controlled disconnect switches or manually operated disconnect switches. This allows for reliable disconnection of connections between multiple battery clusters, achieving reliable electrical isolation, by controlling the second positive switch S23 and the second negative switch S24.

[0116] By selecting the appropriate switch type, the response speed of the energy storage system's switch control can be improved while ensuring reliable isolation.

[0117] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 The diagram shows the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0118] This application provides an energy storage system 1000, which includes an energy storage device 200, an inverter 210, and a switching circuit 220.

[0119] The energy storage device 200 has a main positive connection terminal and a main negative connection terminal; the inverter 210 includes a DC positive terminal and a DC negative terminal located on the DC side; the switching circuit 220 is used to control the connection between the energy storage device 200 and the DC side of the inverter 210, and the switching circuit 220 includes a positive connection circuit and a negative connection circuit; the positive connection circuit is connected in series between the main positive connection terminal and the DC positive terminal, and the positive connection circuit is provided with a main positive switch S1, which simultaneously undertakes the positive output control function of the energy storage device 200 and the positive input control function of the DC side of the inverter 210; the negative connection circuit is connected in series between the main negative connection terminal and the DC negative terminal, and the negative connection circuit is provided with a main negative switch S2, which simultaneously undertakes the negative output control function of the energy storage device 200 and the negative input control function of the DC side of the inverter 210.

[0120] The energy storage device 200 can be the energy storage device in any of the above embodiments, and it can include one or more battery clusters, with the multiple battery clusters connected to form a total positive connection terminal and a total negative connection terminal.

[0121] Inverter 210 can be installed within power conversion equipment 300 or integrated into battery clusters or battery cabinets. The core function of inverter 210 is to convert DC to AC power, and it also has power regulation, power quality control, and various protection functions to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0122] The inverter 210 mainly includes power switching devices, DC-side circuits, an inverter bridge, an AC-side filter circuit, a control unit, a communication interface, and protection circuits. Among these, the power switching devices are the core components for power conversion, and their switching characteristics directly determine the inverter's conversion efficiency and response speed. The inverter bridge, composed of power switching devices, achieves DC-to-AC conversion by controlling the on / off sequence of these devices. The DC-side circuit and AC-side filter circuit are used to stabilize the DC input and filter out high-frequency harmonics in the AC output, respectively, improving power quality. The control unit, as the inverter's control center, acquires input and output power parameters through sampling circuits, combines them with preset control strategies, drives the power switching devices, and simultaneously performs functions such as power regulation and fault detection. The communication interface is used for information exchange between the inverter and equipment such as the BMS, EMS, and grid dispatching system, ensuring coordinated system operation.

[0123] A switching circuit 220 is located between the output terminal of the energy storage device 200 and the DC input terminal of the inverter 210. The switching circuit 220 mainly includes a positive connection circuit with a main positive switch S1 and a negative connection circuit with a main negative switch S2. The main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 can be controlled by the battery management system to achieve automatic closing and opening. Thus, the switching circuit 220 simultaneously handles the output control of both the energy storage device 200 and the inverter 210.

[0124] In this embodiment, compared to setting control switches at the output terminal of the energy storage device 200 and the DC input terminal of the inverter 210 respectively, this application integrates the control switches of the two into a single switching circuit 220. This allows the circuit to simultaneously handle the output control of both the energy storage device 200 and the inverter 210, thereby reducing redundant switching elements, simplifying the control logic of the switches, lowering the cost of the energy storage system, and improving the system response speed.

[0125] According to some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 10 As shown, the inverter 210 also includes a support capacitor C1, which is connected between the DC positive terminal and the DC negative terminal; the switching circuit 220 also includes a third pre-charging circuit 221, which is electrically connected to the support capacitor C1 and is used to pre-charge the support capacitor C1 before the main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 are closed.

[0126] The supporting capacitor C1 is located on the DC side of the inverter 210. It can stabilize the DC input current, suppress the fluctuation and ripple of the DC side voltage, filter out high-frequency interference on the DC side, and mitigate energy surges.

[0127] The switching circuit 220 also includes a third pre-charging circuit 221, which is electrically connected to the support capacitor C1 to achieve stable pre-charging of the support capacitor C1, thereby protecting the core components of the inverter 210 and the DC input power supply. Specifically, the support capacitor C1 is in an uncharged state at the initial stage of inverter startup, which is equivalent to a short circuit. If the main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 are closed directly at this time, the DC power supply will charge the support capacitor C1 directly through the switches, generating a huge instantaneous inrush current. This instantaneous large current will seriously damage the switching devices such as the main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2, and may also impact the DC input power supply, such as the energy storage device 200, causing power supply damage, or even short circuits, device burnout, and other faults.

[0128] The third pre-charge circuit 221 forms an independent pre-charge circuit with the supporting capacitor C1 through a series current-limiting element. Its working sequence strictly matches the control logic of the switching circuit 220: during the inverter startup phase, the main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 are first kept in the open state, and then the third pre-charge circuit 221 is turned on, so that the DC power supply slowly charges the supporting capacitor C1 through the current-limiting element in the third pre-charge circuit. As the supporting capacitor C1 is charged, the voltage across its terminals gradually increases until it approaches the DC input voltage. When the control unit detects that the voltage across the supporting capacitor C1 has reached the preset pre-charge threshold, it determines that the pre-charge is complete. At this time, the main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 are closed, and the third pre-charge circuit 221 is turned off, and the inverter enters the normal working state.

[0129] In this embodiment, a pre-charging circuit is integrated into the switching circuit 220. This can alleviate the inrush current at the moment of power-on, and also integrate the redundant pre-charging circuits on the DC side of the energy storage device 200 and the inverter 210, simplifying the control circuit structure and reducing system cost.

[0130] According to some embodiments of this application, the third pre-charging circuit 221 is connected in parallel across the two ends of the main positive switch S1, or in parallel across the two ends of the main negative switch S2.

[0131] The third pre-charging circuit 221 can be connected in parallel with the main positive switch S1 or in parallel with the main negative switch S2.

[0132] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the third pre-charging circuit 221 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the main positive switch S1. During pre-charging, the main negative switch S2 can be closed first and the main positive switch S1 can be opened, so that the energy storage device 200, the third pre-charging circuit 221 and the supporting capacitor C1 form a circuit, reducing the differential voltage between the energy storage device 200 and the supporting capacitor C1 to below the preset threshold. Then the third pre-charging circuit 221 is opened and the main positive switch S1 is closed.

[0133] In this embodiment, the third pre-charging circuit 221 is connected in parallel with the main positive switch S1 or the main negative switch S2. During pre-charging, the main switch can be kept open, thereby protecting the switching elements from the impact of instantaneous current when powered on and improving the reliability of the system.

[0134] According to some embodiments of this application, the third pre-charge circuit 221 includes a third pre-charge switch S3 and a third pre-charge resistor R1. The third pre-charge switch S3 and the third pre-charge resistor R1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel across the two ends of the main positive switch S1.

[0135] The third pre-charge resistor R1 is the core current-limiting component in the third pre-charge circuit 221. The third pre-charge switch S3 is connected in series with the third pre-charge resistor R1. Its main functions include controlling the on / off state of the pre-charge circuit and preventing the main circuit current from flowing through R1. That is, during the pre-charge stage, the third pre-charge switch S3 needs to be closed to establish a pre-charge current path; after pre-charge is completed, the third pre-charge switch S3 needs to be opened to avoid the third pre-charge resistor R1 being connected in series in the main circuit for a long time, causing losses. If the third pre-charge switch S3 is always closed, the main current will flow through the third pre-charge resistor R1, leading to severe overheating, decreased efficiency, or even resistor burnout. Therefore, the third pre-charge switch S3 needs to be opened in time after the main positive switch S1 is closed.

[0136] Connecting the third pre-charging circuit 221 in parallel across the main positive switch S1 can prevent the main positive switch S1 from experiencing excessive inrush current when it is closed, thus protecting the main switch and improving the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0137] According to some embodiments of this application, the third pre-charging circuit 221 further includes a bypass switch S4, which is connected in parallel to both ends of the main negative switch S2.

[0138] During pre-charging, the third pre-charging switch S3 and the bypass switch S4 can be closed simultaneously, thus forming a closed loop that allows the pre-charging current to flow. At this time, the main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 remain open.

[0139] In some embodiments, the bypass switch S4 may be a switch of the same type as the third precharge switch S3, and the two may be controlled to perform closing and opening operations synchronously to improve the system response speed.

[0140] By setting a bypass switch S4, the main negative switch S2 can be protected to prevent it from receiving a large inrush current when closed, thereby improving the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0141] According to some embodiments of this application, the main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 are isolation switches.

[0142] A disconnecting switch is a mechanical switch with a clearly visible disconnect point. When it is in the "off" position, it can form a visible, standard-compliant insulation gap between the input and output terminals of the switch.

[0143] When the inverter or energy storage system requires maintenance, repair, or component replacement (such as replacing power modules or overhauling control boards), maintenance personnel must ensure that there is no voltage on the DC bus side. The disconnecting switch has a clearly visible disconnection gap, allowing maintenance personnel to directly observe that the switch is in the open state, confirming that the DC bus and battery are completely physically isolated, thus ensuring the personal safety of the operators.

[0144] Disconnect switches typically have strong mechanical structure and arc-extinguishing capabilities. They can maintain a reliable disconnected state after the fault current is cut off, effectively isolating the faulty inverter section from the battery cluster, preventing the fault from spreading, and helping to prevent electric shock due to misoperation, thereby improving the insulation reliability of the energy storage system.

[0145] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides a charging network including a charging pile and the aforementioned energy storage system 1000, wherein the energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

[0146] The energy storage system 1000 of this application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0147] like Figures 4-10 As shown, the energy storage system 1000 includes an energy storage device 200, an inverter 210, and a switching circuit 220.

[0148] The energy storage device 200 has a total positive connection terminal 204 and a total negative connection terminal 205; the inverter 210 includes a DC positive terminal and a DC negative terminal located on the DC side.

[0149] The switching circuit 220 is used to control the connection between the energy storage device 200 and the DC side of the inverter 210. The switching circuit 220 includes a positive connection circuit and a negative connection circuit. The positive connection circuit is connected in series between the main positive connection terminal and the DC positive terminal. The positive connection circuit has a main positive switch S1, which simultaneously performs the positive output control function of the energy storage device 200 and the positive input control function of the DC side of the inverter 210. The negative connection circuit is connected in series between the main negative connection terminal and the DC negative terminal. The negative connection circuit has a main negative switch S2, which simultaneously performs the negative output control function of the energy storage device 200 and the negative input control function of the DC side of the inverter 210. The main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 are isolating switches.

[0150] Inverter 210 also includes a support capacitor C1, which is connected between the DC positive terminal and the DC negative terminal; switch circuit 220 also includes a third pre-charge circuit 221, which is electrically connected to the support capacitor C1 and is used to pre-charge the support capacitor C1 before the main positive switch S1 and the main negative switch S2 are closed at the same time.

[0151] The third pre-charge circuit 221 includes a third pre-charge switch S3 and a third pre-charge resistor R1. The third pre-charge switch S3 and the third pre-charge resistor R1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel across the two ends of the main positive switch S1. The third pre-charge circuit 221 also includes a bypass switch S4, which is connected in parallel across the two ends of the main negative switch S2.

[0152] The energy storage device 200 includes a first battery cluster 201 and a second battery cluster 202 connected in parallel, and a control circuit 203 connecting the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 between a total positive connection terminal 204 and a total negative connection terminal 205.

[0153] The control circuit 203 includes a positive control circuit and a negative control circuit. The positive control circuit is connected between the positive terminal of the battery cluster and the main positive connection terminal 204, and the positive control circuit is equipped with a positive switch S11. The negative control circuit is connected between the negative terminal of the battery cluster and the main negative connection terminal 205, and the negative control circuit is equipped with a negative switch S12. The first pre-charge circuit 206 is connected in parallel with the positive switch S11, and both the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 can pre-charge the load through the first pre-charge circuit 206. The positive control circuit also includes a positive isolation switch S14 connected in series between the positive switch S11 and the main positive connection terminal 204, and the negative control circuit also includes a negative isolation switch S15 connected in series between the negative switch S12 and the main negative connection terminal 205; wherein, the positive isolation switch S14 and the negative isolation switch S15 are normally closed switches.

[0154] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the positive switch S11 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cluster 201 and the positive terminal of the second battery cluster 202, respectively, and the output terminal of the positive switch S11 is connected to the total positive connection terminal 204; the input terminal of the negative switch S12 is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster 201, and the output terminal of the negative switch S12 is connected to the total negative connection terminal 205 and the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202.

[0155] In some embodiments, the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 is connected between the negative isolation switch S15 and the main negative connection terminal 205.

[0156] In some embodiments, the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 is connected between the negative terminal switch S12 and the negative terminal isolation switch S15.

[0157] In some embodiments, the negative control circuit further includes a secondary negative switch S16, the input terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202, and the output terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the negative switch S12 or the output terminal of the negative isolation switch S15.

[0158] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the secondary negative switch S16 is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202, and the output terminal of the secondary negative switch S16 is connected to the input terminal of the negative switch S12; the control circuit further includes a second pre-charge circuit 207, which is connected in series or in parallel with the secondary negative switch S16, and the second pre-charge circuit 207 is used to adjust the voltage difference between the first battery cluster 201 and the second battery cluster 202 when both the positive switch S11 and the negative switch S12 are open.

[0159] In some embodiments, the positive control circuit includes a first positive switch S21 and a second positive switch S22 connected in parallel. The two ends of the first positive switch S21 are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cluster 201 and the total positive connection terminal 204, and the two ends of the second positive switch S22 are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cluster 202 and the total positive connection terminal 204. The negative control circuit includes a first negative switch S23 and a second negative switch S24 connected in parallel. The two ends of the first negative switch S23 are respectively connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster 201 and the total negative connection terminal 205, and the two ends of the second negative switch S24 are respectively connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster 202 and the total negative connection terminal 205. The first pre-charging circuit 206 is connected in parallel with either the first positive switch S21 or the second positive switch S22.

[0160] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: A total positive connection terminal and a total negative connection terminal, a first battery cluster and a second battery cluster connected in parallel, and a control circuit connecting the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster between the total positive connection terminal and the total negative connection terminal; The control circuit includes: A positive control circuit is connected between the positive terminal of the battery cluster and the main positive connection terminal. The positive control circuit includes a positive switch and a positive isolation switch connected in series between the positive switch and the main positive connection terminal. A negative electrode control circuit is connected between the negative electrode of the battery cluster and the main negative connection terminal. The negative electrode control circuit includes a negative electrode switch and a negative electrode isolating switch connected in series between the negative electrode switch and the main negative connection terminal. The first pre-charging circuit is connected in series or in parallel with the positive switch, and both the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster pre-charge the load through the first pre-charging circuit. The positive and negative disconnect switches are normally closed switches.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input terminal of the positive switch is connected to the positive terminals of the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster, respectively, and the output terminal of the positive switch is connected to the main positive connection terminal.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The input terminal of the negative switch is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster, the output terminal of the negative isolation switch is connected to the total negative connection terminal, and the negative terminal of the second battery cluster is connected between the output terminal of the negative isolation switch and the total negative connection terminal.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The input terminal of the negative switch is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster, the output terminal of the negative isolation switch is connected to the main negative connection terminal, and the negative terminal of the second battery cluster is connected between the output terminal of the negative switch and the input terminal of the negative isolation switch.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The input terminal of the negative switch is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster, and the output terminal of the negative isolation switch is connected to the main negative connection terminal. The negative control circuit further includes a secondary negative switch, the input terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster, and the output terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the negative switch or the output terminal of the negative isolation switch.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The input terminal of the negative switch is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster, and the output terminal of the negative isolation switch is connected to the main negative connection terminal. The negative control circuit also includes a secondary negative switch, the input terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster, and the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminal of the negative switch. Furthermore, the control circuit further includes: The second pre-charging circuit is connected in series or in parallel with the secondary negative switch. The second pre-charging circuit is used to adjust the voltage difference between the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster when both the positive switch and the negative switch are open.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive control circuit includes a first positive switch and a second positive switch connected in parallel. The two ends of the first positive switch are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cluster and the total positive connection terminal. The two ends of the second positive switch are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cluster and the total positive connection terminal. The negative control circuit includes a first negative switch and a second negative switch connected in parallel. The two ends of the first negative switch are respectively connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cluster and the total negative connection terminal. The two ends of the second negative switch are respectively connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cluster and the total negative connection terminal. The first pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel with either the first positive switch or the second positive switch.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first positive switch and the first negative switch are contactors, and the second positive switch and the second negative switch are disconnect switches.

9. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include The energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1-8, the energy storage device includes a total positive connection terminal and a total negative connection terminal; An inverter, comprising a positive DC terminal and a negative DC terminal on the DC side; as well as A switching circuit is used to control the connection between the energy storage device and the DC side of the inverter, the switching circuit comprising: A positive connection circuit is connected in series between the main positive connection terminal and the DC positive terminal. The positive connection circuit is equipped with a main positive switch, which simultaneously undertakes the positive output control function of the energy storage device and the positive input control function of the DC side of the inverter. A negative connection circuit is connected in series between the main negative connection terminal and the DC negative terminal. The negative connection circuit is equipped with a main negative switch, which simultaneously undertakes the negative output control function of the energy storage device and the negative input control function of the DC side of the inverter.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inverter also includes a support capacitor connected between the DC positive terminal and the DC negative terminal; The energy storage system also includes: The third pre-charging circuit is electrically connected to the supporting capacitor and is used to pre-charge the supporting capacitor before the main positive switch and the main negative switch are closed.

11. The energy storage system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The third pre-charging circuit is connected in parallel across the two ends of the main positive switch, or in parallel across the two ends of the main negative switch.

12. The energy storage system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The third pre-charge circuit includes a pre-charge switch and a pre-charge resistor. The pre-charge switch and the pre-charge resistor are connected in series and then connected in parallel across the two ends of the main positive switch.

13. The energy storage system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The third pre-charging circuit also includes a bypass switch, which is connected in parallel across the two ends of the main negative switch.

14. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 9-13, characterized in that, The main positive switch and the main negative switch are disconnect switches.

15. A charging network, characterized in that, It includes a charging pile and an energy storage system as described in any one of claims 9-14, wherein the energy storage system is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

Images