Passive equalization circuit and battery management system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a passive equalization circuit and a battery management system. The passive equalization circuit comprises n equalization switch modules which are connected in series between the head ends and the tail ends of n single batteries which are connected in series; the common connection end of the (k-1) th single battery and the kth single battery is connected with the first end of one equalization module, and the second end of the equalization module is connected with the common connection end of the (k-1) th equalization switch module and the kth equalization switch module; the common connection end of the kth single battery and the (k + 1) th single battery is connected with the common connection end of the kth equalization switch module and the (k + 1) th equalization switch module; a plurality of input ends of the sampling control module are respectively connected with common connection ends of the n single batteries which are connected in series; and a plurality of output ends of the sampling control module are connected with the control ends of the n equalization switch modules which are connected in series, and are used for controlling the on or off of each equalization switch module. According to the utility model, the circuit structure of the passive equalization circuit is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a passive balancing circuit and a battery management system. Background Technology

[0002] With the diversification of electrical devices, the use of large-capacity battery packs is becoming increasingly widespread. Battery packs are typically composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. However, regardless of manufacturing deviations or usage, the voltage of each individual cell within the battery pack will become inconsistent, potentially damaging the battery pack. Therefore, a balancing circuit is needed to regulate the voltage of each individual cell. However, existing balancing circuits have relatively complex circuit structures. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention provides a passive balancing circuit and a battery management system to simplify the circuit structure of the passive balancing circuit.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a passive balancing circuit is provided, the passive balancing circuit being connected to a battery pack; the battery pack comprising n single cells connected in series; n is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0005] The passive equalization circuit includes:

[0006] n equalization switch modules are connected in series between the beginning and end of the n series-connected single batteries;

[0007] Multiple equalization modules are provided. The common connection terminal of the (k-1)th single cell and the kth single cell is connected to the first terminal of an equalization module. The second terminal of the equalization module is connected to the common connection terminal of the (k-1)th equalization switch module and the kth equalization switch module. The common connection terminal of the kth single cell and the (k+1)th single cell is connected to the common connection terminal of the kth equalization switch module and the (k+1)th equalization switch module. k is an even number less than n. The equalization module is used to release the electrical energy of two adjacent single cells.

[0008] The sampling control module has multiple input terminals connected to the common connection terminal of each of the n series-connected single batteries; it is used to receive the voltage of each single battery; the multiple output terminals of the sampling control module are connected to the control terminals of each of the n series-connected equalization switch modules, and are used to control the on or off of each equalization switch module.

[0009] Optionally, two adjacent single cells share one equalization module;

[0010] Wherein, when n is even, the number of equalization modules is n / 2; when n is odd, the number of equalization modules is (n+1) / 2.

[0011] Optionally, the sampling control module includes:

[0012] There are n sampling switches. The first terminal of the m-th sampling switch is connected to the first terminal of the m-th single battery, and the second terminal of the m-th sampling switch is connected to the output node. The m-th sampling switch is used to output the voltage of the m-th single battery through the output node when it is turned on. m is an integer less than or equal to n.

[0013] The control unit has its input terminal connected to the output node and its output terminal connected to the control terminals of the n equalization switch modules. The control unit is used to receive the voltage of the m-th single battery and control the m-th equalization switch module to turn on or off.

[0014] Optionally, the control unit includes:

[0015] A comparator and logic circuit; the first input terminal of the comparator is connected to the output node, and the second input terminal of the comparator is connected to a voltage source, the voltage source being used to provide a first preset voltage; the comparator is used to generate a first level signal when the voltage of the single battery input at the first input terminal is greater than the first preset voltage; and is also used to generate a second level signal when the voltage of the single battery input at the first input terminal is less than the first preset voltage;

[0016] The output terminal of the comparator is connected to the input terminal of the logic circuit, and the multiple output terminals of the logic circuit are connected to the control terminals of each of the n series-connected equalization switch modules. The logic circuit is used to control the equalization switch modules used to release the electrical energy of the single battery to be turned on according to the first level signal, and is also used to control the equalization switch modules used to release the electrical energy of the single battery to be turned off according to the second level signal.

[0017] Optionally, the sampling control module further includes:

[0018] A clock generation unit is connected to the control terminal of each of the sampling switches and is used to provide a clock signal to the sampling switches so that each of the sampling switches is turned on in a time-division manner.

[0019] Optionally, each of the sampling switches shares a single comparator.

[0020] Optionally, the equalization switch module includes an equalization switch connected between the first and second ends of the single battery.

[0021] Optionally, the balancing module includes: a balancing resistor, one of which is connected to the common connection terminal of every two single cells, the balancing resistor being used to release the electrical energy of the single cell connected to it.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery management system is provided, comprising: a battery pack and a passive balancing circuit provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The technical solution provided by this embodiment of the invention achieves voltage sampling of multiple individual batteries by setting up a sampling control module. When the voltage of an individual battery is too high, the corresponding equalization switch module is controlled to conduct, thereby discharging the individual battery through the equalization module. One equalization module of this invention can discharge two individual batteries simultaneously, eliminating the need for a separate equalization module for each individual battery. Compared to the existing technology where one equalization module is required for each individual battery, this reduces the number of equalization modules by half. Furthermore, all individual batteries in the battery pack share a single sampling control module for voltage sampling. Therefore, this invention significantly reduces the number of components used in the passive equalization circuit, simplifies the circuit structure, has lower costs, reduces circuit area, and achieves better passive equalization performance.

[0024] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a passive equalization circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another passive equalization circuit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another passive equalization circuit provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another passive equalization circuit provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] This utility model embodiment provides a passive equalization circuit. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a passive equalization circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model is shown below. Figure 1 The passive balancing circuit is connected to battery pack 1; battery pack 1 includes n individual cells 11 connected in series; n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The passive balancing circuit includes: n balancing switch modules 3, multiple balancing modules 2, and a sampling control module 4. The n balancing switch modules 3 are connected in series between the first and last ends of the n individual cells 11 connected in series. The common connection terminal of the (k-1)th individual cell 11 and the kth individual cell 11 is connected to the first end of a balancing module 2, and the second end of the balancing module 2 is connected to the common connection terminal of the (k-1)th balancing switch module 3 and the kth balancing switch module 3; the common connection terminal of the kth individual cell 11 and the (k+1)th individual cell 11 is connected to the common connection terminal of the kth balancing switch module 3 and the (k+1)th balancing switch module 3; k is an even number less than n; the balancing module 2 is used to release the electrical energy of two adjacent individual cells 11. The sampling control module 4 has multiple input terminals connected to the common connection terminal of each of the n series-connected single batteries 11, and is used to receive the voltage of each single battery 11. The sampling control module 4 has multiple output terminals connected to the control terminals of each of the n series-connected equalization switch modules 3, and is used to control the conduction or cutoff of each equalization switch module 3.

[0033] During use, the individual cells 11 within battery pack 1 may experience voltage imbalances. This could be due to variations in the management and control of the individual cells 11 by the battery management system, or differences arising during manufacturing or use. When some cells 11 have excessively high voltages, this inconsistency can cause abnormal operation of battery pack 1, reducing its lifespan and potentially leading to damage. Therefore, a passive balancing circuit can balance the voltage of the individual cells 11 within battery pack 1, preventing excessively high voltages and avoiding damage due to voltage inconsistencies, thereby extending the battery pack's lifespan.

[0034] The sampling control module 4 can be used to sample the voltage of each individual battery 11 and detect the magnitude of the voltage of each individual battery 11. For example, the sampling control module 4 can set a preset voltage, such as a first preset voltage. When the voltage of some individual batteries 11 in the battery pack 1 is higher than the first preset voltage, the sampling control module 4 can control the equalization switch module 3 connected between the beginning and end of these individual batteries 11 to be turned on, so that these individual batteries 11 can be passively discharged through the equalization module 2 connected to it. For example, the equalization module 2 can receive the electrical energy of the individual batteries and convert it into heat energy for release. When the voltage of some individual batteries 11 is lower than the first preset voltage, the sampling control module 4 can control the equalization switch module 3 connected between the beginning and end of these individual batteries 11 to be turned off, so that these individual batteries 11 do not discharge.

[0035] During the discharge process, each single cell 11 can share a single equalization module 2 for every two cells connected in series. Therefore, setting up a single equalization module 2 can achieve balanced control of the voltage of two single cells 11.

[0036] The technical solution provided by this embodiment of the invention achieves voltage sampling of multiple individual batteries by setting up a sampling control module. When the voltage of an individual battery is too high, the corresponding equalization switch module is controlled to conduct, thereby discharging the individual battery through the equalization module. One equalization module of this invention can discharge two individual batteries simultaneously, eliminating the need for a separate equalization module for each individual battery. Compared to the existing technology where one equalization module is required for each individual battery, this reduces the number of equalization modules by half. Furthermore, all individual batteries in the battery pack share a single sampling control module for voltage sampling. Therefore, this invention significantly reduces the number of components used in the passive equalization circuit, simplifies the circuit structure, has lower costs, reduces circuit area, and achieves better passive equalization performance.

[0037] Continue to refer to Figure 1 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, two adjacent single batteries 11 share one equalization module 2. Wherein, when n is an even number, the number of equalization modules 2 is n / 2; when n is an odd number, the number of equalization modules 2 is (n+1) / 2.

[0038] In this configuration, every two individual batteries 11 can share one equalization module 2. When the number of n series-connected individual batteries 11 is even, the number of equalization modules 2 can be set to n / 2. In this case, every two individual batteries 11 are connected to one equalization module 2, and these two individual batteries 11 can be passively discharged through the equalization module 2 connected to them.

[0039] When the number of n series-connected single cells 11 is odd, one single cell 11 cannot share the equalization module 2 with the other single cells 11. In this case, every two single cells 11 in the n-1 series-connected single cells 11 can share one equalization module 2, in which case the number of equalization modules 2 is (n-1) / 2. However, one single cell 11 is not connected to the equalization module 2 and cannot be passively discharged through the equalization module 2. Therefore, a separate equalization module 2 can be set for it, in which case the number of equalization modules 2 is (n+1) / 2.

[0040] The passive balancing circuit provided in this embodiment of the invention can share a single balancing module for power balancing between two single batteries, achieving the same balancing effect as having a separate balancing module for each single battery. Furthermore, it reduces the number of balancing modules to approximately half the total number of single batteries. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention can significantly reduce the number of balancing modules, resulting in a simpler circuit structure and a smaller area for the passive balancing circuit.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another passive equalization circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the sampling control module 4 includes: a control unit 42 and n sampling switches 41. The first end of the m-th sampling switch 41 is connected to the first end of the m-th single battery 11, and the second end of the m-th sampling switch 41 is connected to the output node; the m-th sampling switch 41 is used to output the voltage of the m-th single battery 11 through the output node when it is turned on; m is an integer less than or equal to n. The input end of the control unit 42 is connected to the output node, and the output end of the control unit 42 is connected to the control end of the n equalization switch modules 3. The control unit 42 is used to receive the voltage of the m-th single battery 11 and control the m-th equalization switch module 3 to be turned on or off.

[0042] When sampling switch 41 is turned on, the voltage of the connected single battery 11 can be input to control unit 42 through sampling switch 41. For example, each sampling switch 41 can be turned on in a time-sharing manner, so that control unit 42 can sample and detect voltage in a time-sharing manner.

[0043] For example, when the control unit 42 detects that the voltage of the first single battery 111 exceeds the first preset voltage, the control unit 42 immediately controls the first equalization switch module 31 to turn on, thereby connecting the equalization module 2 connected to the second terminal of the first single battery 111 and discharging the first single battery 111. When the control unit 42 detects that the voltage of the second single battery 112 exceeds the first preset voltage, the control unit 42 immediately controls the second equalization switch module 32 to turn on, thereby connecting the equalization module 2 connected to the first terminal of the second single battery 112 and discharging the second single battery 112. When the control unit 42 detects that the voltage of the third single battery 113 exceeds the first preset voltage, the control unit 42 immediately controls the third equalization switch module 33 to turn on, thereby connecting the equalization module 2 connected to the second terminal of the third single battery 113 and discharging the third single battery 113. When the control unit 42 detects that the voltage of the m-th single battery 11 exceeds the first preset voltage, the control unit 42 immediately controls the m-th equalization switch module 3 to be turned on, so that the equalization module 2 connected to the m-th single battery 11 is turned on and the m-th single battery 11 is discharged.

[0044] This embodiment of the invention can achieve voltage sampling of each individual cell in the battery pack by setting up a control unit, without the need to set up a control unit for each individual cell, thus reducing the number of components in the passive equalization circuit and reducing the area of ​​the passive equalization circuit.

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another passive equalization circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 3Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the control unit 42 includes a comparator 421 and a logic circuit 422. The first input terminal of the comparator 421 is connected to the output node, and the second input terminal of the comparator 421 is connected to a voltage source 423, which provides a first preset voltage. The comparator 421 generates a first level signal when the voltage of the single battery 11 input at the first input terminal is greater than the first preset voltage; it also generates a second level signal when the voltage of the single battery 11 input at the first input terminal is less than the first preset voltage. The output terminal of the comparator 421 is connected to the input terminal of the logic circuit 422, and multiple output terminals of the logic circuit 422 are connected to the control terminals of each of the n series-connected equalization switch modules 3. The logic circuit 422 controls the equalization switch module 3 used to release the energy of the single battery 11 to be turned on according to the first level signal, and also controls the equalization switch module 3 used to release the energy of the single battery 11 to be turned off according to the second level signal.

[0046] The second input terminal of comparator 421 is connected to a voltage source 423 with a fixed voltage value. Comparator 421 can output a first level signal or a second level signal by comparing the voltage between the first input terminal and the second input terminal.

[0047] When the voltage at the first input terminal of comparator 421 is greater than the first preset voltage, comparator 421 outputs a first level signal, which can be a high level signal. When the voltage at the first input terminal of comparator 421 is less than the first preset voltage, comparator 421 outputs a second level signal, which can be a low level signal.

[0048] For example, when the first sampling switch 411 is turned on, the voltage of the first single battery 111 is input to the first input terminal of the comparator 421. When the comparator 421 outputs a first-level signal, the logic circuit 422 controls the first equalization switch module 31 to turn on according to the first-level signal, so that the equalization module 2 discharges the first single battery 111. When the second sampling switch 412 is turned on, the voltage of the second single battery 112 is input to the first input terminal of the comparator 421. When the comparator 421 outputs a second-level signal, the logic circuit 422 controls the second equalization switch module 32 to turn off according to the second-level signal, so that the equalization module 2 does not discharge the second single battery 112. When the third sampling switch 413 is turned on, the voltage of the third single battery 113 is input to the first input terminal of the comparator 421. When the comparator 421 outputs a first-level signal, the logic circuit 422 controls the third equalization switch module 33 to turn on according to the first-level signal, so that the equalization module 2 discharges the third single battery 113. When the m-th sampling switch 41 is turned on, the voltage of the m-th single battery 11 is input to the first input terminal of the comparator 421. When the comparator 421 outputs a first level signal, the logic circuit 422 controls the m-th equalization switch module 3 to be turned on according to the first level signal, so that the equalization module 2 discharges the m-th single battery 11.

[0049] This embodiment of the invention achieves rapid comparison of the voltages of individual cells by setting up a comparator, and generates a first-level signal and a second-level signal. The logic circuit can control the on / off state of each equalization switch module according to the first-level signal or the second-level signal, which has a good control effect.

[0050] refer to Figure 3 Based on the above embodiments, the sampling control module may optionally include a clock generation unit connected to the control terminal of each sampling switch 41, for providing a clock signal to the sampling switch 41 so that each sampling switch 41 is turned on in a time-division manner.

[0051] For example, the clock generation unit can control the sampling switches 41 to be turned on sequentially in the order of the first sampling switch 411, the second sampling switch 412, the third sampling switch 413, ..., the nth sampling switch 41. This causes the comparator 421 to compare the voltage of the first single battery 111, the voltage of the second single battery 112, the voltage of the third single battery 113, ..., the voltage of the nth single battery 11 with a first preset voltage in sequence. This allows the comparator 421 to output pulse signals with different high and low levels according to the voltage difference. The timing of the pulse signals is the same as the timing of the clock signal provided by the clock generation unit, and the logic circuit 422 can perform time-division control on each equalization switch module 3 according to the pulse signals.

[0052] This embodiment of the utility model achieves time-division multiplexing control of each sampling switch by setting a clock generation unit, so that the comparator can output pulse signals with different high and low levels, and control each equalization switch module through logic circuit. The clock generation unit can turn on different sampling switches at different times, avoiding confusion in the turn-on or turn-off of sampling switches, and making the control of the equalization switch module by logic circuit 422 more accurate.

[0053] Continue to refer to Figure 3 Optionally, based on the above embodiments, each sampling switch may share a comparator 421.

[0054] The comparator 421 can output a high-level or low-level signal based on the voltage difference between the first input terminal and the second input terminal. For example, when the first input terminal receives a voltage input in a time-division manner, the comparator 421 can output pulse signals with different high and low levels based on the voltage difference. The logic circuit 422 can control each equalization switch module 3 according to the pulse signal.

[0055] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another passive equalization circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 4 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the equalization switch module 3 includes: an equalization switch Sw, connected between the first and second ends of a single battery.

[0056] The equalization switch Sw is controlled by logic circuit 422. When logic circuit 422 receives a first-level signal, it controls the equalization switch Sw corresponding to the single battery 11 that generates the first-level signal to turn on. When logic circuit 422 receives a second-level signal, it controls the equalization switch Sw corresponding to the single battery 11 that generates the second-level signal to turn off.

[0057] Continue to refer to Figure 4 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the equalization module includes: an equalization resistor R, with one equalization resistor R connected to the common connection terminal of every two single cells 11, and the equalization resistor R is used to release the electrical energy of the single cell connected to it.

[0058] When a single battery 11 is in a discharging state, the equalizing resistor R connected to the single battery acts as a load and receives the electrical energy, thus forming a discharge circuit. During this process, the single battery 11 dissipates energy by releasing current to the equalizing resistor R. The electrical energy output by the single battery 11 is ultimately converted and consumed as heat energy through the equalizing resistor R, ultimately achieving the effect of making the voltage of each single battery 11 tend to be consistent.

[0059] This utility model embodiment also provides a battery management system. The battery management system includes a battery pack and a passive balancing circuit provided in any embodiment of this utility model, which has similar beneficial effects to the passive balancing circuit, and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] It should be understood that the various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this utility model can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this utility model can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0061] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A passive equalization circuit, characterized in that, The passive balancing circuit is connected to the battery pack; the battery pack comprises n individual cells connected in series. n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; The passive equalization circuit includes: n equalization switch modules are connected in series between the beginning and end of the n series-connected single batteries; Multiple equalization modules are provided. The common connection terminal of the (k-1)th single cell and the kth single cell is connected to the first terminal of an equalization module. The second terminal of the equalization module is connected to the common connection terminal of the (k-1)th equalization switch module and the kth equalization switch module. The common connection terminal of the kth single cell and the (k+1)th single cell is connected to the common connection terminal of the kth equalization switch module and the (k+1)th equalization switch module. k is an even number less than n. The equalization module is used to release the electrical energy of two adjacent single cells. The sampling control module has multiple input terminals connected to the common connection terminal of each of the n series-connected single batteries; it is used to receive the voltage of each single battery; the sampling control module has multiple output terminals connected to the control terminals of each of the n series-connected equalization switch modules, and is used to control the on or off of each equalization switch module.

2. The passive equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two adjacent single cells share one equalization module; Wherein, when n is even, the number of equalization modules is n / 2; when n is odd, the number of equalization modules is (n+1) / 2.

3. The passive equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling control module includes: There are n sampling switches. The first terminal of the m-th sampling switch is connected to the first terminal of the m-th single battery, and the second terminal of the m-th sampling switch is connected to the output node. The m-th sampling switch is used to output the voltage of the m-th single battery through the output node when it is turned on. m is an integer less than or equal to n. The control unit has its input terminal connected to the output node and its output terminal connected to the control terminals of the n equalization switch modules. The control unit is used to receive the voltage of the m-th single battery and control the m-th equalization switch module to turn on or off.

4. The passive equalization circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control unit includes: A comparator and logic circuit; the first input terminal of the comparator is connected to the output node, and the second input terminal of the comparator is connected to a voltage source, the voltage source being used to provide a first preset voltage; the comparator is used to generate a first level signal when the voltage of the single battery input at the first input terminal is greater than the first preset voltage; and is also used to generate a second level signal when the voltage of the single battery input at the first input terminal is less than the first preset voltage; The output terminal of the comparator is connected to the input terminal of the logic circuit, and the multiple output terminals of the logic circuit are connected to the control terminals of each of the n series-connected equalization switch modules. The logic circuit is used to control the equalization switch modules used to release the electrical energy of the single battery to be turned on according to the first level signal, and is also used to control the equalization switch modules used to release the electrical energy of the single battery to be turned off according to the second level signal.

5. The passive equalization circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sampling control module also includes: A clock generation unit is connected to the control terminal of each of the sampling switches and is used to provide a clock signal to the sampling switches so that each of the sampling switches is turned on in a time-division manner.

6. The passive equalization circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the sampling switches shares a single comparator.

7. The passive equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equalization switch module includes an equalization switch connected between the first and second ends of the single battery.

8. The passive equalization circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equalization module includes an equalization resistor, one of which is connected to the common connection terminal of every two individual cells. The equalization resistor is used to release the electrical energy of the individual cells connected to it.

9. A battery management system, characterized in that, include: The battery pack and the passive equalization circuit according to any one of claims 1-8.

Images