Emergency cerebral hemorrhage detection tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to an emergency cerebral hemorrhage detection tool which comprises a comb-shaped probe and a signal driving and resolving unit, the comb-shaped probe comprises a group of emission light sources and a multi-path detector, a gyroscope is arranged at the top of the multi-path detector, and the gyroscope is used for calibrating a measurement channel; a band-pass optical filter is arranged at a probe at the bottom of the multi-path detector; the signal driving and resolving unit comprises a lock-in amplifier, a frequency source and a laser driving module. The frequency source is electrically connected with the lock-in amplifier and the laser driving module. The laser driving module is electrically connected with the emission light source; and the lock-in amplifiers are respectively and electrically connected with the multi-path detector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool. Background Technology

[0002] Acute cerebral hemorrhage caused by traumatic brain injury frequently occurs in various scenarios, including traffic accidents, work in hazardous environments, violence, and sports. It is a significant cause of death and disability, and also a major public health issue. Patients with cerebral hemorrhage suffer multiple forms of physical and psychological torment. Early diagnosis, management, and treatment in cases of acute injury can minimize the impact of secondary damage and reduce the deterioration of the condition.

[0003] Currently, computed tomography (CT) scans are the gold standard for diagnosing and locating hematomas caused by cerebral hemorrhage. However, in emergency treatment of cerebral hemorrhage, patients need to be transferred to a hospital with a radiology department for CT scans, which is often difficult to achieve or requires a long transfer time in rural areas, natural disaster zones, or war zones. In cases where patients cannot be transferred due to accidents, CT-based diagnoses cannot be quickly completed, necessitating on-site clinical assessment by emergency personnel.

[0004] Cerebral hematoma typically corresponds to changes in tissue optical properties. Human tissue possesses a near-infrared spectral window; light passing through the tissue is not completely absorbed. Therefore, by measuring the change in light intensity after passing through the tissue, changes in tissue optical parameters can be reflected, and the distribution of various components within the tissue can be deduced. For hematoma detection, because the hemoglobin concentration within the hematoma is higher than that in the blood-containing brain tissue, the blood outside the blood vessels absorbs more near-infrared light, resulting in greater near-infrared light absorption.

[0005] The primary technology currently used is the US Infrascanner 1000 / 2000 brain scanner, which mainly comprises near-infrared spectroscopy-based sensors and data processing and display devices. The sensor includes a diode laser and a photodetector, coupled to the patient's scalp via two disposable optical guides, directly contacting the scalp. The light source and detector are 4.0 cm apart, allowing for absorbance measurement within a tissue volume of 2 cm wide and 2-3 cm deep. The data processing and display module controls laser power and adjusts detector gain, receives and sets hardware parameters, digitizes the detector signal, processes it, and displays it on the interface. Infrascanner compares the left and right sides of the brain in four different regions. The NIRS sensors are placed sequentially in the left and right frontal lobes, temporal lobes, parietal lobes, and occipital lobes of the head, recording the absorbance of light at the selected wavelength. Patient measurements can be completed within 2-3 minutes. For all hemorrhages (hemorrhage exceeding 3.5 mL) within the Infrascanner's detection range, the sensitivity is 94% and the specificity is 96%. In patients requiring surgical intervention, the device exhibits 100% sensitivity.

[0006] The main shortcomings of existing technologies include:

[0007] 1. Existing technologies generally use a dual-probe design, which has a limited acquisition range, is prone to missed detections, and has a long measurement time.

[0008] 2. Existing technology uses optical density comparison values ​​as characterization values, which cannot characterize the amount and extent of bleeding.

[0009] 3. Existing technology consists of handheld stand-alone devices that cannot be interconnected with hospital systems and lack direct result output devices, thus failing to meet the needs of the Chinese medical environment.

[0010] 4. In existing technologies, probe designs are generally based on light guides or optical fibers, and black hair can easily affect the measurement results.

[0011] 5. The current system uses a time-sharing measurement method, and ambient light and other system noise can affect the accuracy of the measurement values. Summary of the Invention

[0012] This utility model aims to provide an emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool. The technical problems to be solved include at least the following: how to use a set of emitting light sources to automatically calibrate the measurement channels of multiple detectors in conjunction with gyroscopes, thereby increasing the measurement range and reducing operation time and difficulty; how to transmit the detection results to a remote location in real time or directly print out the results and obtain emergency response plans; how to increase the ease of use while reducing the influence of hair on the detection results; and how to use a multi-frequency modulation scheme in conjunction with optical filtering components to effectively filter out the noise generated by natural light and ambient light.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool, comprising a comb-shaped probe and a signal driving and calculation unit; the comb-shaped probe includes a set of emitting light sources and a multi-channel detector, the top of which is equipped with a gyroscope for calibrating the measurement channels; a bandpass filter is provided at the probe at the bottom of the multi-channel detector; the signal driving and calculation unit includes a lock-in amplifier, a frequency source, and a laser driving module, the frequency source being electrically connected to both the lock-in amplifier and the laser driving module; the laser driving module being electrically connected to the emitting light source; and the lock-in amplifier being electrically connected to the multi-channel detector.

[0014] Preferably, the emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool also includes a built-in printer, which can directly print out the measurement results.

[0015] Preferably, the emitting light source is positioned at the center of the comb-shaped probe, and the multi-channel detector surrounds the emitting light source.

[0016] Preferably, the multi-channel detectors are evenly distributed on a circle with the emission light source as the center and a radius of 3 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the multi-channel detector includes a first detector, a second detector, a third detector, and a fourth detector.

[0018] Preferably, the operating wavelength of the multi-channel detector is 750nm to 850nm. Preferably, the emission source is a laser.

[0019] Preferably, the center wavelength of the laser is 808 nm.

[0020] Preferably, the bandpass filter is an absorption-type neutral density filter.

[0021] Preferably, the emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool further includes a wireless communication unit, which is used to package and send the data collected by the detector and the detection results to the hospital management terminal.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] The emergency cerebral hemorrhage detection tool of this utility model uses a set of emitting light sources to calibrate the measurement channels with multiple detectors and gyroscopes, increasing the measurement range and reducing operation time and difficulty; it adds a wireless communication unit, which can transmit the detection results to the remote end in real time and obtain emergency response plans, and adds a result output printing module to print out the results immediately; it adopts a comb-shaped probe design, which increases the ease of use and reduces the influence of hair on the detection results; it also filters out the influence of noise generated by natural light and ambient light to a limited extent. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solution of this utility model and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the specific embodiments of this application to explain the technical solution of this utility model, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool described in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the comb-shaped probe described in this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the comb-shaped probe described in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention is described in more detail below to aid in understanding it.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool of this utility model includes a comb-shaped probe and a signal driving and processing unit.

[0030] 1. A comb-shaped probe structure is formed by a set of emitting light sources and multiple detectors, combined with optical filtering components to reduce the influence of ambient light noise. The probe is equipped with a gyroscope for automatic calibration measurement.

[0031] Existing technologies generally employ a dual-probe design, where one light source emits laser light and another detector detects the light after it has been absorbed and refracted by the tissue. When the tissue distribution is uneven, the scalp curvature is too large, or the detection area is covered by a lot of hair, skull, or other objects that affect light transmission, it is easy to miss detections. Subsequent detections require constantly moving the detection position, which prolongs the measurement time.

[0032] The multi-probe design is as follows: the center of the probe is light source 1, and multiple detectors are distributed with a radius of 3cm. Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is an example with four detectors. To prevent detector saturation due to ambient light, an absorptive neutral density filter is added to the detector probe, with an operating wavelength of 750-850nm and a laser center wavelength of 808nm. The bandpass filter ensures the laser wavelength passes through smoothly while filtering out optical noise outside the operating wavelength, thus preventing detector saturation due to ambient light and improving the detection signal-to-noise ratio.

[0033] Multiple probes are combined to form a comb-shaped probe, which can simultaneously detect the emitted light intensity at multiple locations and in multiple directions. The design of the comb-shaped probe ensures that the probe can pass through the "hair barrier" and make better contact with the scalp.

[0034] The probe is equipped with a gyroscope. When measuring different brain regions, the probe's direction and angle are recorded, so that the positioning of each detector relative to the scalp is recorded. When measuring the contralateral brain region, the probe is calibrated according to the direction and angle of the previous measurement, so that the detector positions of each measurement pair correspond and ensure the symmetry of the measurement positions (each measurement requires two measurement positions, i.e., one measurement on the left side and one measurement on the right side. The measurement positions on the left and right sides are called a measurement pair, and the selection of measurement positions should follow medical standards).

[0035] 2. Optical density values ​​are defined as follows:

[0036] The normal testing procedure is as follows:

[0037] ΔOD = log 10 (I N / I H )

[0038] I N This is the light intensity on the normal side, I H ΔOD represents the light intensity on the hemorrhage side, and ΔOD is the detected signal. When ΔOD is higher than a certain value, the hematoma detection is considered positive. The larger the ΔOD, the greater the difference in absorbance of the optical parameters between the hemorrhage side and the normal side of the brain, and the larger the hemorrhage.

[0039] When examining both sides of the same brain region, the absorbance of the hematoma side is greater, while the light intensity output value is smaller. In the above formula, IN is the light intensity output value of the normal side, and IH is the light intensity output value of the hematoma side. That is, the side with the smaller light intensity output value between IN and IH is considered the hematoma side. ΔOD is the result calculated from the detected light intensity output value. When ΔOD is higher than a certain value, the hematoma detection is considered positive. The larger the ΔOD, the greater the difference in absorbance of the optical parameters between the hematoma side and the normal side of the brain region, and the larger the hemorrhage.

[0040] Based on the above, this application provides an emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool, which includes a comb-shaped probe and a signal driving and calculation unit. The comb-shaped probe includes a set of emitting light sources 1 and a multi-channel detector. A gyroscope 2 is installed on the top of the multi-channel detector, and the gyroscope is used to calibrate the measurement channel. A bandpass filter is installed at the probe at the bottom of the multi-channel detector. The bandpass filter is used to ensure that the laser wavelength can pass smoothly, while filtering out light noise outside the working wavelength, avoiding ambient light saturation of the detector, and improving the detection signal-to-noise ratio. The signal driving and calculation unit includes a lock-in amplifier, a frequency source, and a laser driving module. The frequency source is electrically connected to the lock-in amplifier and the laser driving module, respectively. The laser driving module is electrically connected to the emitting light source. The lock-in amplifier is electrically connected to the multi-channel detector.

[0041] One output of the frequency source is sent to the laser drive module to modulate the light source, and the other output serves as a reference signal for the lock-in amplifier for demodulation. The signals from the multiple detectors are demodulated and filtered by the lock-in amplifier to obtain the amplitude of the modulation frequency. A threshold judgment is performed on the amplitude to exclude invalid measurements, and the effective measurement segments are averaged to obtain the detector's light intensity output value. The specific process for obtaining the light intensity output value will be protected in another invention patent, and will remain independent of the technical solution claimed in this application, without affecting the normal implementation of the technical solution claimed in this application.

[0042] Preferably, the emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool further includes a wireless communication unit, which is used to package and send the data collected by the detector and the detection results to the hospital management terminal.

[0043] Preferably, the emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool also includes a built-in printer, which can directly print out the measurement results.

[0044] Preferably, the emitting light source 1 is positioned at the center of the comb-shaped probe, and the multi-channel detector surrounds the emitting light source 1.

[0045] Preferably, the multi-channel detectors are evenly distributed on a circle with the emitting light source 1 as the center and a radius of 3 cm.

[0046] Preferably, the multi-channel detector includes a first detector 3, a second detector 4, a third detector 5, and a fourth detector 6.

[0047] Preferably, the operating wavelength of the multi-channel detector is 750nm to 850nm, and the emitting light source 1 is a laser with a center wavelength of 808nm.

[0048] Preferably, the bandpass filter is an absorption-type neutral density filter.

[0049] Preferably, the comb-shaped probe can simultaneously detect the emitted light intensity at multiple locations and in multiple directions, and the comb-shaped probe can pass through the "hair barrier" and make effective contact with the scalp.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of this utility model have been described above, but they are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make improvements and changes to the embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this utility model.

Claims

1. An emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool, characterized in that, The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool includes a comb-shaped probe and a signal driving and processing unit. The comb-shaped probe includes a set of emitting light sources and a multi-channel detector. A gyroscope is installed on the top of the multi-channel detector, and the gyroscope is used to calibrate the measurement channels. A bandpass filter is installed at the probe at the bottom of the multi-channel detector. The signal driving and processing unit includes a lock-in amplifier, a frequency source, and a laser driving module. The frequency source is electrically connected to both the lock-in amplifier and the laser driving module. The laser driving module is electrically connected to the emitting light source. The lock-in amplifier is electrically connected to the multi-channel detector.

2. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool also includes a built-in printer, which can directly print out the measurement results.

3. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source is positioned at the center of the comb-shaped probe, and the multi-channel detector surrounds the light source.

4. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-channel detectors are evenly distributed on a circle with the emission light source as the center and a radius of 3 cm.

5. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-channel detector includes a first detector, a second detector, a third detector, and a fourth detector.

6. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating wavelength of the multiplexer is 750nm to 850nm.

7. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source is a laser.

8. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The center wavelength of the laser is 808 nm.

9. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bandpass filter is an absorption-type neutral density filter.

10. The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency brain hemorrhage detection tool also includes a wireless communication unit, which is used to package and send the data collected by the detector and the detection results to the hospital management terminal.

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