Oxidation-reduction device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oxidation-reduction device, at least part of the oxidation-reduction device is arranged in a pit furnace, the oxidation-reduction device comprises a reaction barrel, a gas pipe set and a carrier assembly, the reaction barrel is provided with a first cavity, the gas pipe set can introduce gas into the first cavity to maintain the atmosphere needed by reaction, and no complex external pipeline needs to be additionally arranged. The carrier assembly is arranged in the first cavity, the carrier assembly comprises a bracket and a plurality of material trays, the bracket is provided with a plurality of material carrying spaces which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the reaction barrel, and at least part of the material carrying spaces are provided with the material trays loaded with materials. And the material trays are mutually independent, so that the device can be used for gram-level experiments and kilogram-level experiments. In addition, due to the layered design, the materials are prevented from being stacked too thick on the single-layer material disc, and sufficient roasting is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of chemical equipment, and more particularly to a redox apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In the new energy industry, recycling processes recover rare metals, precious metals, and high-performance materials from new energy equipment. For example, high-temperature equipment is used to oxidize or reduce the recovered materials to obtain recycled materials. In the laboratory, small-scale reactions are usually carried out on a gram-by-gram basis. Due to the limited material volume and processing capacity of the carrier at one time, scaling up the reaction to the kilogram level requires repeated high-temperature treatments, which is energy-intensive and cumbersome. In addition, conventional high-temperature equipment, such as muffle furnaces and vacuum drying ovens, requires additional ventilation lines to provide the necessary atmosphere for the reaction, resulting in a complex overall structure that is difficult to meet the needs of laboratory use. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides an oxidation-reduction apparatus that can solve the problem that high-temperature equipment in related technologies cannot meet the requirements of kilogram-level oxidation-reduction experiments.

[0004] This application provides a redox apparatus, at least a portion of which is disposed within a pit furnace. The redox apparatus includes a reaction vessel, a gas pipeline assembly, and a carrier assembly. The reaction vessel has a first cavity. The gas pipeline assembly includes a first gas pipe and a second gas pipe, at least partially located outside the reaction vessel. The first gas pipe communicates with the top region of the first cavity, and the second gas pipe communicates with the bottom region of the first cavity. The carrier assembly is disposed within the first cavity and includes a bracket and a plurality of material trays. The bracket has a plurality of material-carrying spaces arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the reaction vessel. At least a portion of the material-carrying spaces are provided with material trays containing materials, and each material tray is spaced apart from adjacent material trays, and / or each material tray is spaced apart from the reaction vessel.

[0005] In some embodiments, the bracket includes a first tray, a second tray, multiple connecting rods, and multiple sets of load-bearing components; the second tray is spaced apart from the first tray along the axial direction of the reaction vessel; both ends of each connecting rod are connected to the first tray and the second tray, respectively; and multiple sets of load-bearing components are spaced apart along the axial direction of the reaction vessel, and each set of load-bearing components is connected to multiple connecting rods, the multiple sets of load-bearing components dividing the space between the first tray, the second tray, and the multiple connecting rods into multiple material-carrying spaces.

[0006] In some embodiments, each group of the bearing components includes a plurality of spaced-apart bearing rods for carrying the material tray; the bearing components are located in the area between the plurality of connecting rods, and the plurality of bearing rods of the same group of bearing components correspond one-to-one with the plurality of connecting rods, and each bearing rod and its corresponding connecting rod are integrally formed.

[0007] In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the reaction vessel, the height of the material tray is h, and the distance between two adjacent sets of the bearing components is D1, wherein h and D1 satisfy: 0.5cm≤D1-h≤20cm; and / or, a plurality of the connecting rods are spaced apart circumferentially along the first support plate, and the material tray enters and exits the material loading space between two adjacent connecting rods, wherein the horizontal distance between two adjacent connecting rods is D2, and the diameter of the material tray is R, satisfying: D2>R.

[0008] In some embodiments, the reaction vessel includes a vessel body, a lid, and a seal; the vessel body includes a bottom wall and a peripheral wall connected to the bottom wall; the lid is closably mounted on the peripheral wall; the seal is disposed between the peripheral wall and the lid and seals the gap between the peripheral wall and the lid, and the vessel body, the lid, and the seal together define the first cavity; wherein, the first gas pipe is connected to the lid, and the second gas pipe is connected to the portion of the peripheral wall adjacent to the bottom wall.

[0009] In some embodiments, the reaction vessel is at least partially housed within the second cavity of the pit furnace along its axial direction, and the material trays, which are fully loaded with material, are all located within the second cavity; the oxidation-reduction device further includes a plurality of functional components, which are disposed on the side of the cover away from the bottom wall of the vessel, and each functional component is at least partially disposed outside the pit furnace.

[0010] In some embodiments, the operating temperature of the pit furnace is less than or equal to 400°C, and the reaction vessel is entirely contained within the cavity of the pit furnace; or, the operating temperature of the pit furnace is greater than 400°C and less than or equal to 1000°C, and the reaction vessel is partially contained within the cavity of the pit furnace.

[0011] In some embodiments, the distance L between the functional component and the furnace opening along the axial direction of the reaction vessel is L, where L satisfies: 10cm≤L≤50cm.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plurality of functional components include a first control valve and a second control valve, the first control valve being disposed in the first air tube and configured to regulate the gas flow rate inside the first air tube, and the second control valve being disposed in the second air tube and configured to regulate the gas flow rate inside the second air tube; and / or, the plurality of functional components include a pressure gauge, the pressure gauge being mounted on the cover and communicating with the first cavity, the pressure gauge being configured to monitor the gas pressure inside the first cavity to guide the opening degree of the first control valve and the second control valve.

[0013] In some embodiments, the reaction vessel further includes a locking member, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the vessel body and the cover. Along the axial direction of the reaction vessel, the locking member is used to press the cover against the vessel body so that the sealing member seals the connection between the vessel body and the cover.

[0014] An oxidation-reduction apparatus based on an embodiment of this application increases the amount of material that can be processed in a single experiment by setting up a carrier assembly with multiple material trays. Each material tray is independent of the others, allowing the apparatus to be used for both gram-level and kilogram-level experiments. The layered design of the multiple material trays in this application avoids excessive accumulation of material on a single tray, facilitating uniform heat and gas penetration during roasting and promoting a complete reaction. The gas pipeline is connected to the first chamber of the reaction vessel, allowing gas to be introduced into the first chamber to maintain the atmosphere required for the reaction, eliminating the need for complex external piping. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a redox apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a redox apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the redox apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic front view of a vehicle component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5This is a partial cross-sectional view of a reaction vessel according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a top view of the locking component according to one embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a top view of the locking component according to another embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a top view of the locking component according to another embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the reaction vessel according to another embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a redox apparatus according to another embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1. Oxidation-reduction apparatus;

[0028] 10. Reaction vessel; 100. First chamber; 11. Vessel body; 111. Bottom wall of the vessel; 112. Peripheral wall of the vessel; 12. Cover; 13. Sealing element; 14. Locking element;

[0029] 20. Gas tubing assembly; 21. First gas tubing; 22. Second gas tubing;

[0030] 30. Carrier assembly; 31. Bracket; 310. Material loading space; 311. First pallet; 312. Second pallet; 313. Linkage rod; 314. Load-bearing assembly; 315. Handle; 32. Material tray;

[0031] 40. Functional component; 41. First control valve; 42. Second control valve; 43. Pressure gauge;

[0032] 2. Pit-type furnace; 200. Second chamber;

[0033] X, the axial direction of the reaction vessel. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0035] With the development of the new energy industry, the demand for recycled resources is increasing. Recycled resource processes often require high-temperature oxidation and reduction treatments of the recovered materials. Through electron transfer and exchange, the chemical properties of the materials are transformed, thereby achieving the synthesis of recycled materials. Conventional high-temperature equipment includes muffle furnaces and vacuum drying ovens, while reduction equipment includes high-temperature reduction furnaces and microwave high-temperature reduction furnaces. Related technologies often use open containers (such as ceramic crucibles) as reaction vessels. During operation, the reaction vessel containing the materials must be sealed before high-temperature reactions can be carried out. When a reaction atmosphere needs to be introduced, the system must be equipped with gas delivery pipelines to introduce oxidizing, reducing, or inert gases.

[0036] When preparing materials and conducting small-scale experiments in the laboratory, and scaling up to kilogram-scale experiments, ceramic crucibles and other carriers have limited material handling capacity and weak processing capabilities. They often require multiple high-temperature treatments, which wastes energy and involves complicated procedures. Furthermore, when it is necessary to introduce oxidizing, reducing, or inert gases, if small heating equipment and carriers are used, complex piping is required, and the atmospheric environment is unstable. If large equipment is used, the container structure is complex, expensive, cumbersome to operate, bulky, and consumes a lot of gas, making it difficult to meet the needs of laboratory use.

[0037] Based on this, this application provides an oxidation-reduction device. The oxidation-reduction device of this application is small in size, safe and convenient to operate, and has the advantages of high reusability, stable atmosphere, good reduction effect and flexible raw material processing. It solves the problems of complex operation, large footprint and high risk of high temperature oxidation-reduction equipment in related technologies. It is suitable for laboratory and small-scale experiments to kilogram-scale experiments.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-3 At least a portion of the oxidation-reduction device 1 is housed within a pit furnace 2. The oxidation-reduction device 1 includes a reaction vessel 10, a gas pipe assembly 20, and a carrier assembly 30. The reaction vessel 10 has a first cavity 100. The gas pipe assembly 20 includes a first gas pipe 21 and a second gas pipe 22, both partially located outside the reaction vessel 10. The first gas pipe 21 communicates with the top region of the first cavity 100, and the second gas pipe 22 communicates with the bottom region of the first cavity 100. By controlling the opening and closing of the first gas pipe 21 and the second gas pipe 22, the material can be roasted under a gas-filled, sealed condition or under a small-flow-rate gas circulation condition. In practical use, gas can be introduced from the top of the first cavity 100 through the first gas pipe 21, or from the bottom of the first cavity 100 through the second gas pipe 22, or both the first gas pipe 21 and the second gas pipe 22 can be simultaneously cut off to adapt to different reaction requirements.

[0039] In this embodiment, the carrier assembly 30 is disposed within the first cavity 100. The carrier assembly 30 includes a bracket 31 and multiple material trays 32. The material trays 32 are used to load the materials to be reacted. The bracket 31 has multiple material-carrying spaces 310 arranged sequentially along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10. At least some of the material-carrying spaces 310 are equipped with material trays 32 loaded with materials. By configuring multiple material trays 32, the material handling capacity of the carrier assembly 30 is improved, increasing the amount of material that the redox device 1 can handle in a single experiment, thus adapting to kilogram-scale experiments. The layered design of the multiple material trays 32 in this application avoids excessive accumulation of materials on a single layer of material tray 32, which is beneficial for the uniform penetration of heat and gas during the roasting process and promotes the full progress of the reaction. Furthermore, in the carrier assembly 30, each layer of material trays 32 is independent of each other. Materials can be selectively loaded into some of the material trays 32 for small material quantities, or materials can be loaded into all of the material trays 32 for kilogram-scale experiments. That is, materials can be selectively loaded according to experimental needs at different stages of the experiment, improving the practicality of the device.

[0040] In this configuration, each material tray 32 is spaced apart from its adjacent counterparts, with sufficient gaps between them to allow for uniform gas permeation and reduce airflow obstruction. Optionally, each material tray 32 is spaced apart from the reaction vessel 10 to reduce the risk of uneven heating due to localized contact between the material trays 32 and the reaction vessel 10. Optionally, the spaced-apart material trays 32, both from their adjacent counterparts and from the reaction vessel 10, allow gas to uniformly fill the first cavity 100 from the inner wall of the reaction vessel 10 along its axial direction X. The spaced-apart arrangement provides a thermal expansion buffer for the reaction vessel 10 and the material trays 32, reducing the risk of interference between the reaction vessel 10 and the material trays 32, and between adjacent material trays 32, due to high-temperature deformation. This also ensures uniform heating of the material trays 32.

[0041] Based on the physicochemical properties of the materials, researchers can load different types or proportions of materials onto different material trays 32 in the carrier assembly 30. This allows the oxidation-reduction device 1 to simultaneously perform multiple reactions in a high-temperature environment. If a material tray 32 has an incorrect proportion or uneven mixing, that tray can be removed for correction without affecting the materials in other material trays 32. Alternatively, the materials on all material trays 32 can be adjusted, facilitating the batching and mixing process.

[0042] In the carrier assembly 30, each material tray 32 can be placed and removed individually. When a material tray 32 is damaged due to high-temperature deformation, corrosion, or mechanical damage, it can be directly replaced without replacing the entire carrier assembly 30, thus extending the average service life of the carrier assembly 30. When processing small amounts of material (such as in laboratory gram-level experiments), one or two material trays 32 can be placed on the bracket 31 according to experimental needs. The remaining empty material trays 32 can be kept in a low-temperature area to avoid exposure to high-temperature environments, thereby extending the service life of the material trays 32.

[0043] Please see Figure 3 The bracket 31 includes a first support plate 311, a second support plate 312, multiple connecting rods 313, and multiple sets of load-bearing components 314. The second support plate 312 is spaced apart from the first support plate 311 along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10. The two ends of each connecting rod 313 are connected to the first support plate 311 and the second support plate 312, respectively. The first support plate 311, the second support plate 312, and the multiple connecting rods 313 form a frame structure, and the multiple connecting rods 313 can effectively distribute the load. The multiple sets of load-bearing components 314 are spaced apart along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10, and each set of load-bearing components 314 is connected to multiple connecting rods 313. The first support plate 311, the second support plate 312, and the multiple connecting rods 313 together define a receiving space for accommodating the material tray 32. Along the axial direction of the reaction vessel 10, the multiple sets of load-bearing components divide the receiving space into multiple material-carrying spaces 310, and each material-carrying space 310 is used to load one material tray 32.

[0044] Optionally, the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10 is the direction of gravity, meaning the support 31 has multiple material-carrying spaces 310 arranged along the direction of gravity. This fully utilizes the longitudinal space of the reaction vessel 10, increases the material capacity per unit volume, and reduces space waste. When the oxidation-reduction device 1 is in use, the support 31 is at least partially placed in the pit furnace 2, and all the material trays 32 of the carrier assembly 30 are located within the pit furnace 2 to ensure thorough roasting of the material within the carrier assembly 30.

[0045] To withstand high-temperature processing, the bracket 31 can be made of metal. For example, the first support plate 311 and the second support plate 312 can be made of metal round plates, and the multiple connecting rods 313 and the multiple sets of load-bearing components 314 can be made of metal bars or metal tubes. The metal round plates and metal bars are fixed together by welding. In actual processing, the specifications of the metal material are selected according to the preset maximum load-bearing weight to ensure the stability of the bracket 31 in use.

[0046] In some embodiments, each set of support components 314 includes a plurality of spaced-apart support rods for supporting the material tray 32. The support rods of the same set of support components 314 are arranged on the same plane. For example, if the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10 is the direction of gravity, the support rods of the same set of support components 314 are arranged on the same horizontal plane to allow the material tray 32 to rest against them. The support components 314 are located in the area between the plurality of connecting rods 313, and the plurality of support rods of the same set of support components 314 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of connecting rods 313. Compared to a flat support structure, the plurality of support rods of the support components 314 obstruct airflow in the axial direction of the reaction vessel 10 less. Each support rod and its corresponding connecting rod 313 are integrally formed, for example, the support rod and its corresponding connecting rod 313 are integrally molded or welded together to ensure that the material tray 32 is stably supported by the support rod. For example, bracket 31 includes three connecting rods 313, and each set of bearing components 314 includes three bearing rods disposed on the same horizontal plane. Each bearing rod is correspondingly connected to a connecting rod 313, and the material tray 32 can be placed on the three bearing rods of the same set of bearing components 314.

[0047] In other embodiments, each set of support components 314 includes multiple support rods for supporting the material tray 32, and the multiple support rods of the same set of support components 314 are arranged on the same plane. The support components 314 are located in the area between multiple connecting rods 313, and each end of each support rod is connected to a connecting rod 313. The multiple support rods of each set of support components 314 are arranged in parallel or cross-shaped intervals and are used for supporting the material tray 32. For example, the bracket 31 includes four connecting rods 313, and each set of support components 314 includes two horizontally spaced support rods. The two ends of one support rod are connected to two of the connecting rods 313 respectively, and the two ends of the other support rod are connected to the other two connecting rods 313 respectively. The material tray 32 can be placed on the two horizontally spaced support rods. Without affecting the stability of the material tray 32, any two bearing rods in the same group of bearing components 314 can also be arranged at an angle. Specifically, any two bearing rods in the same group of bearing components 314 can be spaced apart and arranged at an angle; or, two bearing rods in the same group of bearing components 314 can be arranged crosswise. For example, the ends of the two bearing rods can be connected to the same connecting rod 313, or the ends of the two bearing rods can be connected to different connecting rods 313 respectively, and the two meet at the middle and then connect to each other.

[0048] Please see Figure 4 Along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10, the height of the material tray 32 is h, and the distance between two adjacent sets of bearing components 314 is D1. Among them, h and D1 satisfy: 0.5cm≤D1-h≤20cm. By selecting h and D1 to satisfy the above range, the material loading space 310 has sufficient longitudinal dimensions to place the material tray 32, while avoiding excessive longitudinal dimensions of the material loading space 310 that would cause waste.

[0049] In the bracket 31 of the above embodiment, multiple connecting rods 313 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first support plate 311. The material tray 32 enters and exits the loading space 310 between two adjacent connecting rods 313. The horizontal distance between two adjacent connecting rods 313 is D2, and the diameter of the material tray 32 is R, satisfying that D2 > R. By selecting D2 and R to satisfy the above range, the material tray 32 can be translated into the loading space 310 and rest against the first support plate 311 or the bearing assembly 314, improving the situation where material spillage or uneven distribution is caused by the tilting of the material tray 32 during placement. Optionally, the multiple connecting rods 313 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the first support plate 311 to balance the load of each bearing rod in the same group of bearing assemblies 314.

[0050] In some embodiments, the bracket 31 is made entirely of 316L stainless steel, the first tray 311 and the second tray 312 are stainless steel round plates with a specification of φ242mm and a thickness of 5mm, the bracket 31 is equipped with three connecting rods 313, the length of the connecting rods 313 is 420mm, the diameter is 12mm and the wall thickness is 3mm, wherein the three connecting rods 313 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the first tray 311, and the horizontal distance D2 between two adjacent connecting rods 313 is 212mm, the diameter R of the material tray 32 is 208mm, at this time the material tray 32 can move parallel between any two connecting rods 313 and enter the loading space 310.

[0051] In some embodiments, the bracket 31 further includes a handle 315, which is disposed on the side of the second tray 312 opposite to the first tray 311 and connected to the second tray 312. An operator can pull the handle 315 to put the bracket 31 and the material tray 32 placed on the bracket 31 into or take out the first cavity 100.

[0052] In some embodiments, the reaction vessel 10 includes a vessel body 11, a cover 12, and a seal 13. The vessel body 11 includes a bottom wall 111 and a peripheral wall 112 connected to the bottom wall 111. The cover 12 is closably mounted on the peripheral wall 112, and the seal 13 is disposed between the peripheral wall 112 and the cover 12. When the redox apparatus 1 is in use, the seal 13 seals the gap between the peripheral wall 112 and the cover 12, and the vessel body 11, the cover 12, and the seal 13 together define a first cavity 100. The first air pipe 21 is connected to the cover 12, and the second air pipe 22 is connected to the portion of the barrel peripheral wall 112 adjacent to the barrel bottom wall 111. When the reaction requires a flowing atmosphere, one of the first air pipe 21 and the second air pipe 22 is configured as an inlet air pipe and the other as an outlet air pipe according to the density of the gas being filled. For example, when the density of the gas being filled is greater than the density of air, the second air pipe 22 is selected as the inlet air pipe and the first air pipe 21 is selected as the outlet air pipe. In this way, the gas being filled can fully and uniformly fill the first cavity 100. When the reaction requires a closed atmosphere, the first air pipe 21 and the second air pipe 22 are cut off, and the first cavity 100 forms a sealed space.

[0053] Optionally, the material of the aforementioned barrel 11 can be a metal / alloy material, including but not limited to stainless steel, carbon steel, etc. The barrel 11 can withstand a pressure of at least 0.6 MPa. For example, the barrel 11 can be made of 316L stainless steel with a wall thickness of 6 mm. In actual manufacturing, the machining dimensions of the barrel 11 are adapted to the cavity dimensions of the pit furnace 2, that is, the diameter of the barrel 11 is smaller than the diameter of the pit furnace 2 cavity. This ensures that after the reaction barrel 10 is placed in the pit furnace 2, a certain gap is left between the barrel 11 and the inner wall of the pit furnace 2, reducing direct contact between the reaction barrel 10 and the inner wall of the pit furnace 2, thereby improving the risk of localized overheating and reserving space for thermal expansion deformation compensation.

[0054] Optionally, the seal 13 is a flat gasket, selected from graphite sheets, mica sheets, asbestos sheets, copper sheets, and ceramic fiber sheets. Alternatively, the seal 13 is an elastic seal, selected from high-temperature silicone sheets, perfluoroether rubber sheets, and fluororubber sheets. The experimenter can flexibly choose the type of seal 13 according to the reaction temperature.

[0055] Please see Figures 5-9 The reaction vessel 10 also includes a locking member 14, with its two ends connected to the vessel body 11 and the cover 12 respectively. Along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10, the locking member 14 is used to press the cover 12 against the vessel body 11 so that the sealing member 13 seals the connection between the vessel body 11 and the cover 12.

[0056] Please see Figure 5The reaction vessel 10 includes a manhole cover with a lever, meaning the locking component 14 uses a lever locking mechanism. The manhole cover includes a cover body 12 and a lever locking component connected to the cover body 12. The lever locking component uses a lever principle to lock or unlock the vessel body 11 and the cover body 12. When the reaction temperature exceeds 500℃, the reaction vessel 10 uses a manhole cover with a lever, making locking and unlocking operations simple and convenient. In actual manufacturing, different specifications of lever locking components are selected according to the size of the reaction vessel 10, such as... Figure 6 As shown, when the diameter of the cover 12 is less than 500mm, a single pressure rod locking device is used, such as... Figure 7 As shown, when the diameter of the cover 12 is greater than 500mm, a double pressure rod locking device is used.

[0057] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 The reaction vessel 10 includes a flanged top cover, that is, the locking part 14 is fasteners. The flanged top cover includes a cover body 12 and fasteners connected to the cover body 12. When the reaction temperature is greater than 500℃, the reaction vessel 10 adopts a flanged top cover. The flanged top cover can withstand gas permeation under high temperature and high pressure, and has better sealing performance in high temperature environment.

[0058] When the redox apparatus 1 is in operation, the operating temperature of the pit furnace is less than or equal to 400°C, and the reaction vessel 10 is entirely contained within the cavity of the pit furnace 2. When the redox apparatus 1 is in operation, the operating temperature of the pit furnace is greater than 400°C and less than or equal to 1000°C, and the reaction vessel 10 is partially contained within the cavity of the pit furnace 2. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 10 The cover 12 and the seal 13 are placed outside the cavity of the pit furnace 2. Along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10, the distance between the seal 13 and the furnace opening of the pit furnace 2 is S, where S > 5cm. By controlling S to meet the above range, the working temperature of the seal 13 can be controlled, which helps to improve the situation where the seal 13 is damaged by overheating and causes sealing failure.

[0059] Along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10, the reaction vessel 10 is at least partially housed within the second chamber 200 of the pit furnace 2, and all material trays 32 filled with materials are located within the second chamber 200. The oxidation-reduction device 1 also includes multiple functional components 40, which are located on the side of the cover 12 away from the bottom wall 111 of the vessel, and each functional component 40 is at least partially located outside the pit furnace 2 to reduce damage to the functional components caused by high temperature.

[0060] The multiple functional components 40 include a first control valve 41 and a second control valve 42. The first control valve 41 is located in the first gas pipe 21 and is configured to regulate the gas flow rate inside the first gas pipe 21. The second control valve 42 is located in the second gas pipe 22 and is configured to regulate the gas flow rate inside the second gas pipe 22. The first control valve 41 and the second control valve 42 work together to not only enable the first chamber 100 of the reaction vessel 10 to achieve a sealed atmosphere or a flowing atmosphere, but also to regulate the gas flow rate in the flowing atmosphere. This is suitable for different redox reactions and effectively enhances the practicality of the redox device 1.

[0061] Optionally, the multiple functional components 40 include a pressure gauge 43, which is mounted on the cover 12 and communicates with the first chamber 100. The pressure gauge 43 is configured to monitor the air pressure in the first chamber 100 to guide the opening of the first control valve 41 and the second control valve 42, thereby stabilizing the reaction environment in the first chamber 100.

[0062] In some embodiments, along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10, the distance L between the functional component 40 and the furnace opening of the pit furnace 2 is 10cm≤L≤50cm. By controlling L to meet the above range, the functional component 40 is far away from the high-temperature radiation zone of the furnace opening of the pit furnace 2, which reduces the aging, deformation or failure of electronic components or sealing materials in the functional component 40 due to long-term heating. At the same time, the distance between the functional component 40 and the reaction vessel 10 is appropriate to ensure the accuracy of control.

[0063] In some embodiments, the body 11 and cover 12 of the reaction vessel 10 are made of 316L stainless steel, the height of the reaction vessel 10 is 600mm, the first gas pipe 21 and the second gas pipe 22 are made of stainless steel pipe with a diameter of 12mm and a wall thickness of 3mm, wherein, along the axial direction X of the reaction vessel 10, the length of the first gas pipe 21 is 750mm and the length of the second gas pipe 22 is 150mm, thereby allowing the first control valve 41 and the second control valve 42 to be installed at a position higher than the furnace mouth of the pit furnace 2.

[0064] This application embodiment also provides an oxidation-reduction system, which includes a pit furnace 2 and the aforementioned oxidation-reduction device 1. The pit furnace 2 has a second cavity 200, at least a portion of the oxidation-reduction device 1 is placed in the second cavity 200, and all material trays 32 loaded with materials are located within the second cavity 200.

[0065] The redox apparatus 1 and redox system of this application are further described below with reference to specific redox reactions. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0066] I. Experiment on the calcination and recovery of black powder from lithium iron phosphate batteries

[0067] (1) Experimental Principle

[0068] Under aerobic conditions at 400℃~800℃, O2 acts as an oxidant to oxidize Fe in LiFePO4. 2+ Oxidized to Fe 3+ The reaction produces Li3Fe2(PO4)3 and Fe2O3. The reaction mechanism is as follows:

[0069] 12LiFePO4+3O2→4Li3Fe2(PO4)3+2Fe2O3.

[0070] (2) Experimental steps

[0071] Weigh 700g of lithium iron phosphate battery black powder and spread it evenly in seven material trays 32 at a rate of 100g / tray.

[0072] Seven material trays 32 are moved horizontally and placed in the material loading space 310 of the bracket 31. The carrier assembly 30 is installed into the reaction barrel 10. The locking part 14 is locked to seal the reaction barrel 10. A part of the oxidation-reduction device 1 is placed into the pit furnace 2.

[0073] The second air pipe 22 is connected to the compressed air pipeline. The pit furnace 2 is started, the heating temperature is set to 700℃, and the temperature is maintained for 2.5h. At the same time, the second control valve 42 is controlled to adjust the gas flow rate in the second air pipe 22 to 12L / min. The first chamber 100 is always in a state of air saturation. The first control valve 41 is controlled to keep the first air pipe 21 unobstructed to discharge waste gas.

[0074] After the heat preservation is completed, the mixture is allowed to cool naturally. The reaction product Li3Fe2(PO4)3 is easily soluble in the acid solution, thus achieving the separation and recovery of lithium iron phosphate. This indicates that the equipment in this embodiment can provide a stable oxidizing atmosphere and has a good oxidation effect.

[0075] II. Trial Lithium Battery Powder Roasting and Recycling Experiment

[0076] (1) Experimental Principle

[0077] Under an inert atmosphere at 550℃~700℃, C reacts with LiMeO2 to produce LiCO3, Me, and MeO, where Me is a transition metal. The reaction mechanism is as follows:

[0078] 2LiMeO2+C→Li2CO3+Me+MeO.

[0079] (2) Experimental steps

[0080] Carbon was added and mixed at 10 wt% of the ternary lithium battery powder. 700g of the mixture was weighed and evenly spread in seven material trays 32 at a rate of 100g / tray.

[0081] Seven material trays 32 are moved horizontally and placed in the material loading space 310 of the bracket 31. The carrier assembly 30 is installed into the reaction barrel 10. The locking part 14 is locked to seal the reaction barrel 10. A part of the oxidation-reduction device 1 is placed into the pit furnace 2.

[0082] The second gas pipe 22 is connected to the inert gas pipeline. The inert gas is argon or nitrogen. The pit furnace 2 is started, the heating temperature is set to 700℃, and the temperature is maintained for 2 hours. At the same time, the second control valve 42 is controlled to adjust the gas flow rate in the second gas pipe 22 to 12L / min. The first chamber 100 is always saturated with inert gas. The first control valve 41 is controlled to keep the first gas pipe 21 unobstructed to discharge waste gas.

[0083] After the heat preservation is completed, the product is naturally cooled and then roasted at high temperature. Lithium is extracted by water leaching to separate lithium carbonate, metal, and metal oxides from the product. This shows that the equipment in this embodiment can provide a stable inert atmosphere and has a good reduction effect.

[0084] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A redox apparatus, wherein at least a portion of the redox apparatus is disposed within a pit furnace, characterized in that, The oxidation-reduction device includes: The reaction vessel has a first chamber; A gas assembly includes a first gas pipe and a second gas pipe, each partially located outside the reaction vessel, wherein the first gas pipe communicates with the top region of the first cavity, and the second gas pipe communicates with the bottom region of the first cavity; and A carrier assembly is disposed within the first cavity. The carrier assembly includes a bracket and a plurality of material trays. The bracket has a plurality of material-carrying spaces arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the reaction vessel. At least a portion of the material-carrying spaces are provided with material trays loaded with materials, and any material tray is spaced apart from adjacent material trays, and / or any material tray is spaced apart from the reaction vessel.

2. The redox apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket includes: First pallet; The second tray is spaced apart from the first tray along the axial direction of the reaction vessel; Multiple connecting rods, each connecting rod having its two ends connected to the first support plate and the second support plate, respectively; and, Multiple sets of support components are spaced apart along the axial direction of the reaction vessel, and each set of support components is connected to multiple connecting rods. The multiple sets of support components divide the space between the first pallet, the second pallet, and the multiple connecting rods into multiple material loading spaces.

3. The redox apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned support components includes a plurality of spaced-apart support rods for supporting the material tray; The bearing assembly is located in the area between the multiple connecting rods, and the multiple bearing rods of the same bearing assembly correspond one-to-one with the multiple connecting rods, with each bearing rod and the corresponding connecting rod being integrally formed.

4. The redox apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the reaction vessel, the height of the material tray is h, and the distance between two adjacent sets of the supporting components is D1, wherein h and D1 satisfy: 0.5cm ≤ D1 - h ≤ 20cm; and / or, Multiple connecting rods are arranged circumferentially along the first pallet, and the material tray enters and exits the material loading space between two adjacent connecting rods, wherein the horizontal distance between two adjacent connecting rods is D2, and the diameter of the material tray is R, satisfying: D2 > R.

5. The redox apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction vessel includes: The barrel body includes a bottom wall and a peripheral wall connected to the bottom wall; A lid, which can be opened and closed, is mounted on the periphery of the barrel; and A sealing element is disposed between the peripheral wall of the barrel and the cover and seals the gap between the peripheral wall of the barrel and the cover. The barrel, the cover and the sealing element together define the first cavity. The first air pipe is connected to the cover, and the second air pipe is connected to the portion of the barrel's peripheral wall adjacent to the barrel's bottom wall.

6. The redox apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the reaction vessel, the reaction vessel is at least partially housed within the second cavity of the pit furnace, and the material trays, which are fully loaded with materials, are all located within the second cavity; The oxidation-reduction device also includes multiple functional components, which are located on the side of the cover away from the bottom wall of the barrel, and each functional component is at least partially located outside the pit furnace.

7. The redox apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operating temperature of the pit furnace is less than or equal to 400℃, and the entire reaction vessel is contained within the cavity of the pit furnace; or, The operating temperature of the pit furnace is greater than 400℃ and less than or equal to 1000℃, and the reaction tank is partially housed within the cavity of the pit furnace.

8. The redox apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the reaction vessel, the distance L above the opening of the pit furnace of the functional component is L, where L satisfies: 10cm≤L≤50cm.

9. The redox apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plurality of functional components include a first control valve and a second control valve, wherein the first control valve is disposed in the first air tube and configured to regulate the gas flow rate inside the first air tube, and the second control valve is disposed in the second air tube and configured to regulate the gas flow rate inside the second air tube. And / or, The plurality of said functional components include a pressure gauge mounted on the cover and in communication with the first cavity, the pressure gauge being configured to monitor the air pressure in the first cavity to guide the opening of the first control valve and the second control valve.

10. The redox apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reaction vessel also includes a locking member, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the vessel body and the cover. Along the axial direction of the reaction vessel, the locking member is used to press the cover against the vessel body so that the sealing member seals the connection between the vessel body and the cover.

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