PCBN cutter suitable for machining ductile iron materials

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of PCBN cutters for machining, and discloses a PCBN cutter suitable for machining ductile iron materials, which comprises a mounting shell, the bottom of the mounting shell is fixedly connected with a clamping shell, the inner wall of the clamping shell is fixedly connected with a cross, the bottom of the cross is provided with four trapezoidal grooves, and the trapezoidal grooves are fixedly connected with the clamping shell. And a driving shaft is rotationally connected into the cross, a driving assembly capable of driving the driving shaft to rotate is arranged on one side of the mounting shell, and the outer wall of the driving shaft is sleeved with a rotating disc. The driving assembly, the fixing assembly, the rotating disc, the driving shaft and other structures are used in cooperation, so that the four arc-shaped plates can stably drive the L-shaped plates to be connected with the clamping grooves in the outer wall of the connecting screw rod, it is guaranteed that the blade is always firm and stable in the cutting process and is not affected by vibration or torque changes, and the cutting efficiency is improved. The machining precision and safety of the cutter are greatly improved, and machining errors caused by loosening of the blade are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PCBN cutting tools for machining, and in particular to a PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials. Background Technology

[0002] Ductile iron (also known as ductile cast iron) is widely used in the automotive, machinery, and heavy industry sectors, particularly in the manufacture of engine parts, mechanical structural components, and pressure vessels. Due to its high strength, good wear resistance, and impact resistance, ductile iron places high demands on tool materials and structures during machining. Traditional tool materials such as high-speed steel and cemented carbide often exhibit lower cutting efficiency and faster wear rates when machining ductile iron due to its high hardness and wear resistance. Therefore, a tool more suitable for machining ductile iron is needed. Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tools, with their high hardness (8000-9000 HV), high thermal stability (temperature resistance above 1400℃), and excellent wear resistance, have become key tools for machining high-hardness ductile cast iron (such as QT450 and QT700).

[0003] PCBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) cutting tools are ideal for machining ductile iron due to their ultra-high hardness, good wear resistance, and heat resistance. PCBN tools offer longer service life and higher machining efficiency when machining high-hardness metals and alloys. However, despite these advantages, existing PCBN tools typically use traditional fixing methods in practical applications, which are complex to install and remove and require special tools. This increases maintenance costs and downtime in production. Furthermore, during the precision machining of ductile iron, the tools are prone to accelerated wear due to excessive cutting forces, leading to shortened tool life and increased machining costs. Therefore, improvements are needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a PCBN cutting tool suitable for processing ductile iron materials, comprising a mounting shell, a clamping shell fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting shell, a cross fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clamping shell, four trapezoidal grooves opened at the bottom of the cross, a drive shaft rotatably connected inside the cross, a drive assembly capable of driving the drive shaft to rotate provided on one side of the mounting shell, a rotating disk sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft, a groove opened on the outer wall of the rotating disk, a fixing assembly provided on the groove, a guide cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clamping shell, four guide grooves opened on the inner wall of the guide cylinder, guide strips slidably connected inside the guide grooves, a connecting screw fixedly connected to one side of the four guide strips, a threaded cylinder threadedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting screw, and a blade assembly provided on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder.

[0006] As the rigid main frame of the cutting tool, it integrates core structures such as the drive assembly to ensure that all components are coaxially aligned. The clamping shell transmits the cutting load to the machine tool spindle, while fixing the cross to constrain the positioning accuracy of the trapezoidal groove. The center of the cross penetrates the drive shaft, and the four arms extend to the inner wall of the clamping shell, forming a rigid mesh structure. The trapezoidal groove converts the rotational motion of the drive shaft into the radial linear motion of the L-shaped plate. The rotating disk converts the rotational motion of the drive shaft into the radial displacement of the trapezoidal block by hinged four arc plates. The guide cylinder guides the connecting screw to be precisely inserted along the axial direction to avoid installation misalignment. The guide groove restricts the guide bar to slide only along the axial direction to ensure rapid positioning of the cutting tool assembly. The guide bar is a steel bar with a hard chrome plated surface. The connecting screw achieves pre-positioning through the cooperation of the guide bar and the guide groove, and is finally locked by the L-shaped plate.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] The drive assembly includes a drive rod rotatably mounted on one side of the mounting housing, one end of which extends into the interior of the mounting housing and is fixedly connected to a worm gear.

[0009] One end of the worm gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing, achieving low-speed, high-torque output through a high transmission ratio, and utilizing the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear to prevent reverse loosening.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The outer wall of the worm is meshed with a residual worm wheel.

[0012] The residual worm wheel is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and the bottom end of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the guide cylinder. The residual worm wheel transmits the rotational motion of the worm to the drive shaft, while restricting the reverse rotation of the worm to ensure locking stability.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The fixing assembly includes four arc-shaped plates hinged inside the groove, with a trapezoidal block hinged to one end of each arc-shaped plate.

[0015] The trapezoidal block slides along the trapezoidal groove. The arc plate amplifies the small rotation of the drive shaft using the lever principle, pushing the trapezoidal block to slide along the trapezoidal groove. The trapezoidal block converts the swing of the arc plate into linear motion and reduces the contact stress through the inclination angle of the trapezoidal groove.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] An L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the top of the trapezoidal block.

[0018] The L-shaped plate clamping end is made of hardened cemented carbide, which is inserted into the groove on the outer wall of the connecting screw to form a four-point rigid locking, ensuring that the blade assembly has no displacement under high-frequency vibration.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] One end of the L-shaped plate extends into the interior of the guide groove and is adapted to the slot on the connecting screw.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] The blade assembly includes several blades and four scrapers. Several blades are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder and are arranged in a stacked structure. The four scrapers are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the threaded rod and located between the blades.

[0023] The blades are stacked PCBN blades that cut the ductile iron surface laterally to form equidistant stripes of a certain depth. The scraper is a vertical PCBN scraper that scrapes and mills the remaining material along the lateral stripe trajectory to reduce surface roughness and achieve integrated "roughing-finishing".

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] One end of the blade is fixedly connected to a reinforcing tooth.

[0026] The blade tip, reinforced with diamond particles, enhances the edge's resistance to chipping and extends its lifespan.

[0027] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. Compared with existing technologies, this PCBN tool for machining ductile iron materials, through the coordinated use of drive components, fixed components, rotating disks and drive shafts, enables four arc-shaped plates to smoothly drive the L-shaped plate to connect with the slot on the outer wall of the connecting screw, ensuring that the cutting tool remains firmly and stably in the cutting process, unaffected by vibration or torque changes, greatly improving the machining accuracy and safety of the tool, and avoiding machining errors caused by tool loosening.

[0029] 2. Compared with existing technologies, this PCBN tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials, through the coordinated use of structures such as connecting screws, threaded cylinders, guide bars, and blade assemblies, simplifies the blade installation process by utilizing the cooperation of guide bars and guide grooves, avoiding complex assembly steps, saving time and labor. Furthermore, through the synergistic effect of the cross-cutting blade and the vertical scraper, the cross-cutting blade can cut fine stripes during ductile iron cutting, while the vertical scraper effectively removes surface chips and smooths the machined surface. The combination of the two not only optimizes the cutting effect but also greatly reduces tool wear, thereby improving the smoothness and quality of the machined surface. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials proposed in this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of a PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials proposed in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a guide cylinder structure for a PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials proposed in this utility model.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an L-shaped plate structure for a PCBN cutting tool suitable for processing ductile iron materials, as proposed in this utility model.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an arc-shaped plate structure for a PCBN cutting tool suitable for processing ductile iron materials, as proposed in this utility model.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a rotating disk structure for a PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials, as proposed in this utility model.

[0036] Legend:

[0037] 1. Mounting shell; 2. Clamping shell; 3. Cross; 4. Trapezoidal groove; 5. Drive shaft; 6. Rotating disk; 7. Groove; 8. Guide cylinder; 9. Guide groove; 10. Guide strip; 11. Connecting screw; 12. Threaded cylinder; 13. Drive rod; 14. Worm gear; 15. Residual worm wheel; 16. Arc plate; 17. Trapezoidal block; 18. L-shaped plate; 19. Blade; 20. Scraper; 21. Reinforcing tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] Reference Figures 1-6This utility model provides a PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials: It includes a mounting shell 1, a clamping shell 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting shell 1, a cross 3 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clamping shell 2, four trapezoidal grooves 4 formed at the bottom of the cross 3, a drive shaft 5 rotatably connected inside the cross 3, a drive assembly capable of driving the drive shaft 5 to rotate on one side of the mounting shell 1, a rotating disk 6 sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft 5, a groove 7 formed on the outer wall of the rotating disk 6, a fixing assembly set on the groove 7, a guide cylinder 8 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clamping shell 2, four guide grooves 9 formed on the inner wall of the guide cylinder 8, guide strips 10 slidably connected inside the guide grooves 9, a connecting screw 11 fixedly connected to one side of the four guide strips 10, a threaded cylinder 12 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting screw 11, and a cutting tool assembly set on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder 12, serving as the rigid main frame of the cutting tool, integrating the drive assembly and other core structures to ensure coaxial alignment of all components. The clamping shell 2 transmits the cutting load to the machine tool spindle, while simultaneously fixing the cross 3 to constrain the positioning accuracy of the trapezoidal grooves 4. The cross 3, with its center penetrating the drive shaft 5, extends four arms to the inner wall of the clamping housing 2, forming a rigid mesh structure. The trapezoidal groove 4 converts the rotational motion of the drive shaft 5 into the radial linear motion of the L-shaped plate 18. The rotating disk 6, through hinged four arc-shaped plates 16, converts the rotational motion of the drive shaft 5 into the radial displacement of the trapezoidal block 17. The guide cylinder 8 guides the connecting screw 11 to be precisely inserted along the axial direction, avoiding installation misalignment. The guide groove 9 restricts the guide strip 10 to slide only along the axial direction, ensuring rapid positioning of the blade 19 assembly. The guide strip 10 has a hardened surface. The chromium steel bar and the connecting screw 11 are pre-positioned through the cooperation of the guide bar 10 and the guide groove 9, and finally locked by the L-shaped plate 18. Through the cooperation of the drive assembly, the fixing assembly, the rotating disk 6 and the drive shaft 5, the four arc plates 16 can smoothly drive the L-shaped plate 18 to connect with the slot on the outer wall of the connecting screw 11, ensuring that the cutting tool 19 is always firmly and stably connected during the cutting process, and is not affected by vibration or torque changes. This greatly improves the machining accuracy and safety of the tool and avoids machining errors caused by the loosening of the cutting tool 19.

[0040] The drive assembly includes a drive rod 13 rotatably mounted on one side of the mounting housing 1. One end of the drive rod 13 extends into the interior of the mounting housing 1 and is fixedly connected to a worm gear 14. One end of the worm gear 14 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting housing 1. A high transmission ratio is used to achieve low speed and high torque output, and the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear 14 is used to prevent reverse loosening. A residual worm wheel 15 is meshed with the outer wall of the worm gear 14. The interior of the residual worm wheel 15 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 5. The bottom end of the drive shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the top of the guide cylinder 8. The residual worm wheel 15 transmits the rotational motion of the worm gear 14 to the drive shaft 5, while restricting the reverse rotation of the worm gear 14 to ensure locking stability.

[0041] The fixing assembly includes four arc-shaped plates 16 hinged inside the groove 7. One end of each arc-shaped plate 16 is hinged to a trapezoidal block 17. The trapezoidal block 17 slides along the trapezoidal groove 4. The arc-shaped plate 16 uses the lever principle to amplify the small rotation of the drive shaft 5, pushing the trapezoidal block 17 to slide along the trapezoidal groove 4. The trapezoidal block 17 converts the swing of the arc-shaped plate 16 into linear motion and reduces the contact stress through the inclination angle of the trapezoidal groove 4. An L-shaped plate 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the trapezoidal block 17. The snap-fit ​​end of the L-shaped plate 18 is made of hardened carbide and snaps into the slot on the outer wall of the connecting screw 11 to form a four-point rigid locking, ensuring that the blade 19 assembly has no displacement under high-frequency vibration. One end of the L-shaped plate 18 extends into the interior of the guide groove 9 and is adapted to the slot on the connecting screw 11.

[0042] The blade assembly includes several blades 19 and four scrapers 20. The blades 19 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder 12 and are arranged in a stacked structure. The four scrapers 20 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the threaded rod and located between the gaps of the blades 19. The blades 19 are stacked PCBN blades 19 that cut the ductile iron surface laterally to form equidistant stripes of a certain depth. The scrapers 20 are vertical PCBN scrapers 20 that scrape and mill the residual material along the lateral stripe trajectory to reduce surface roughness and achieve "roughing-finishing" integration. One end of the blade 19 is fixedly connected to a reinforcing tooth 21. The tip of the reinforcing tooth 21 is inlaid with diamond particles to enhance the edge's resistance to chipping and extend the life of the blade 19.

[0043] Working principle: First, in use, screw the connecting screw 11 into the threaded cylinder 12 to fix the blade 19 assembly and the connecting screw 11. Then, during installation, insert the guide strip 10 on the connecting screw 11 into the guide cylinder 8 along the guide groove 9. Then, rotate the drive rod 13 to drive the worm gear 14 to rotate, causing the meshing residual worm wheel 15 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive shaft 5 to rotate. The drive shaft 5 synchronously drives the rotating disk 6 to rotate, causing the rotating disk 6 to drive the four arc-shaped plates 1... 6. The movement is carried out. At this time, under the action of the trapezoidal groove 4 opened on the cross 3, the trapezoidal block 17 on the arc plate 16 is stopped at the upper limit of the trapezoidal groove 4 and moves linearly, thereby driving the L-shaped plate 18 fixed thereto to move, so that the L-shaped plate 18 is engaged in the slot on the outer wall of the connecting screw 11, thereby completing the installation and fixing. This ensures that the blade 19 is stably and firmly fixed on the tool body during the cutting process, avoiding the blade 19 from loosening due to vibration or torque changes generated during the cutting process, thereby improving the machining accuracy and the safety of tool use.

[0044] Then, when using the cutting blade 19 to cut ductile iron, the cross-cutting blade 19 is responsible for making transverse cuts on the surface of the ductile iron, cutting out multiple fine stripes, while the vertical scraper 20 scrapes the fine stripes in a vertical direction, thereby removing surface chips and smoothing the machined surface. The combination of the cross-cutting blade 19 and the vertical scraper 20 improves the cutting effect during the machining process, reduces tool wear, and improves the quality of the machined surface.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron material, comprising a mounting shell (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the mounting shell (1) is fixedly connected to a clamping shell (2), and the inner wall of the clamping shell (2) is fixedly connected to a cross (3). The bottom of the cross (3) is provided with four trapezoidal grooves (4). The interior of the cross (3) is rotatably connected to a drive shaft (5). One side of the mounting shell (1) is provided with a drive assembly that can drive the drive shaft (5) to rotate. The outer wall of the drive shaft (5) is fitted with a rotating disk (6). The outer wall of the rotating disk (6) is provided with a groove (7). A fixing assembly is provided on the groove (7). The inner wall of the clamping shell (2) is fixedly connected to a guide cylinder (8). The inner wall of the guide cylinder (8) is provided with four guide grooves (9). The interior of the guide grooves (9) is slidably connected to a guide strip (10). One side of the four guide strips (10) is fixedly connected to a connecting screw (11). The outer wall of the connecting screw (11) is threadedly connected to a threaded cylinder (12). The outer wall of the threaded cylinder (12) is provided with a blade assembly.

2. The PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a drive rod (13) rotatably mounted on one side of the mounting housing (1), one end of which extends into the interior of the mounting housing (1) and is fixedly connected to a worm gear (14).

3. The PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the worm (14) is engaged with a residual worm wheel (15).

4. The PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly includes four arc-shaped plates (16) hinged inside the groove (7), with a trapezoidal block (17) hinged to one end of each arc-shaped plate (16).

5. A PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: An L-shaped plate (18) is fixedly connected to the top of the trapezoidal block (17).

6. A PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the L-shaped plate (18) extends into the interior of the guide groove (9) and is adapted to the slot on the connecting screw (11).

7. A PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade assembly includes a plurality of blades (19) and four scrapers (20). The plurality of blades (19) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder (12) and are arranged in a stacked structure. The four scrapers (20) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the threaded rod and located between the gaps of the blades (19).

8. A PCBN cutting tool suitable for machining ductile iron materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the blade (19) is fixedly connected to a reinforcing tooth (21).

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