Three-way joint meter

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of joint meters, in particular to a three-way joint meter which is characterized in that a locking groove is formed in the outer surface of a supporting seat; the locking mechanism is in matched locking connection with the supporting seat through the locking groove; the steering mechanism is fixedly connected with the locking mechanism, and the steering mechanism is located on the side away from the supporting base; the cushioning mechanism is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the supporting seat; according to the three-dimensional displacement decoupling device, the accuracy of three-dimensional displacement decoupling is improved, the cushioning mechanism is located at the bottom of the supporting base, vibration energy from a measured structure or the surrounding environment can be absorbed and attenuated through a mechanical structure, direct transmission of vibration to the vibrating wire sensor is reduced, and meanwhile the temperature drift effect can be restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gap measuring technology, and more specifically, to a three-dimensional gap measuring device. Background Technology

[0002] A triaxial crack gauge is a high-precision measuring instrument used to monitor changes in cracks in structures. It is widely used in civil engineering, building construction, and hydraulic engineering. Its main function is to monitor the displacement changes of cracks in three directions in real time: length, width, and depth. This provides crucial data support for the safety assessment and maintenance of engineering structures. With the increasing complexity of modern buildings and infrastructure, cracking problems in structures are becoming increasingly prominent. The generation and development of cracks not only affect the aesthetics of structures but can also lead to a decline in their mechanical properties and even serious safety accidents. Therefore, accurate monitoring and timely treatment of cracks are of paramount importance.

[0003] Existing triaxial joint gauges accurately sense minute deformations of the measured object by changing the frequency of the vibrating wire, providing key data for engineering safety assessment and early warning. However, during use, especially in engineering sites, existing triaxial joint gauges are subject to dynamic disturbances such as vibrations from construction machinery, impacts from traffic loads, and seismic wave propagation. The triaxial joint gauges directly transmit these vibrations to the vibrating wire inside the sensor, causing abnormal fluctuations in the frequency signal and reducing the accuracy of instantaneous measurements.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a three-dimensional gap measuring instrument to solve the problems existing in the current technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, this utility model proposes a three-dimensional gap measuring instrument, which aims to solve the problem of low measurement accuracy of existing three-dimensional gap measuring instruments.

[0006] This utility model provides a three-dimensional gap measuring instrument, including:

[0007] The outer surface of the support base is provided with a locking groove;

[0008] The locking mechanism is locked to the support base through a locking groove.

[0009] A steering mechanism is fixedly connected to the locking mechanism, and the steering mechanism is located on the side away from the support base;

[0010] The shock absorption mechanism is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support base;

[0011] The measuring mechanism is rotatably connected to the steering mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, a first groove is formed on the inner wall of the locking groove. The first groove is a semi-circular groove. A second groove is formed on the right side of the first groove. A locking block is provided in the second groove. A torsion spring is provided between the locking block and the bottom wall of the second groove. The torsion spring is fixedly connected to the locking block and the second groove respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a locking post, a locking cone, a locking bead, a locking ring, and a sealing ring. The sealing ring is sleeved on one side of the locking post and is fixedly connected to the locking post. The other side of the locking post is fixedly connected to the locking cone. The outer surface of the locking cone is circumferentially provided with locking beads, and the locking beads correspond to the first groove. A plurality of locking rings are provided between the locking cone and the sealing ring, and a locking groove is formed between the plurality of locking rings. The size of the locking groove corresponds to the locking block.

[0014] Furthermore, the steering mechanism includes a steering cover, a steering knuckle, and a connecting hole. The steering cover is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing ring, and the steering cover is hollow inside. The steering knuckle is located inside the steering cover, and the connecting hole is provided on the side surface of the steering cover away from the sealing ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the measuring mechanism includes a sleeve, a displacement gauge, an observation cable, a fixed base, and a threaded hole. The displacement gauge is rotatably connected to the steering knuckle through the connecting hole. A fixed base is fixedly connected to the side of the displacement gauge away from the steering knuckle, and the fixed base is provided with a threaded hole. A sleeve is provided between the fixed base and the displacement gauge. The observation cable is electrically connected to the displacement gauge, and the observation cable passes through the fixed base to connect to external equipment.

[0016] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing mechanism includes a support part and a shock-absorbing part. The support part includes a bottom frame plate and reinforcing columns. The bottom frame plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support base. Reinforcing columns are respectively provided at the four corners of the bottom frame plate. Shock-absorbing parts are provided between the bottom frame plates, and shock-absorbing parts are provided inside each of the reinforcing columns.

[0017] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing part includes a connecting column, a sliding plate, a torsion spring, a sliding groove, and a limiting plate. The sliding groove is disposed inside the reinforcing column, and the sliding plate is vertically slidably connected inside the sliding groove. A torsion spring is disposed between the lower surface of the sliding plate and the bottom wall of the sliding groove, and a connecting column is disposed on the upper surface of the sliding plate. The upper end of the connecting column passes through the reinforcing column and is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom frame plate.

[0018] Furthermore, reinforcing pins are provided at the four corners of the bottom frame plate, and the reinforcing pins are located on the lower surface of the bottom frame plate.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: This utility model improves the stability of the connection through the synergistic effect of the support base and the locking mechanism. The locking groove on the outer surface of the support base, in conjunction with the locking mechanism, forms a structure combining rigid constraint and flexible adjustment, reducing the risk of connection loosening caused by external load impact or vibration. Simultaneously, the specific design of the locking groove can adapt to the geometry of different mounting surfaces, ensuring a tight fit between the support base and the measured structure, while reducing the impact of installation deviations. The adjustable characteristics of the locking mechanism can compensate for minor misalignments between the support base and the structural surface in complex installation environments, reducing measurement reference offsets caused by installation errors. The steering mechanism optimizes the flexibility of the measurement direction. The rotational connection design between the measuring mechanism and the steering mechanism allows the sensor to make fine-tuning adjustments in angle within three-dimensional space, ensuring that the measurement direction is always precisely aligned with the monitored displacement path, while reducing the risk of mechanical interference. The steering mechanism can flexibly adjust the spatial posture of the measuring mechanism, avoiding long-term monitoring... During the measurement process, mechanical collisions or jamming caused by structural deformation or thermal expansion and contraction are mitigated by the damping mechanism, which reduces external vibration interference. Located at the bottom of the support base, the damping mechanism absorbs and attenuates vibration energy from the measured structure or the surrounding environment through mechanical structure, reducing the direct transmission of vibration to the vibrating wire sensor. It also suppresses the temperature drift effect. While isolating mechanical vibration, the damping mechanism can partially offset the small deformation of the support base caused by temperature changes through reasonable matching of the thermal expansion coefficient of the materials, reducing the interference of temperature fluctuations on the measurement reference. The measurement mechanism improves the consistency of multidimensional data. The three-dimensional measurement mechanism forms a spatial orthogonal layout through the combination of support bases. Sensors in each direction work independently and do not interfere with each other with the assistance of the steering mechanism, ensuring the synchronization and coordination of axial, lateral, and vertical displacement data, while reducing cross-coupling errors. The cooperation between the steering mechanism and the locking mechanism can accurately limit the motion degrees of freedom of each measurement mechanism, avoid signal crosstalk caused by non-target direction displacement transmission, and improve the accuracy of three-dimensional displacement decoupling. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional gap measuring instrument provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the locking groove in the three-dimensional joint gauge provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 A side view of the locking mechanism in the three-way gap measuring instrument provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the steering mechanism in the three-dimensional seam gauge provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the damping mechanism in the three-dimensional seam gauge provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Support base; 2. Locking groove; 201. First groove; 202. Second groove; 203. Locking block; 3. Locking mechanism; 301. Locking pin; 302. Locking cone; 303. Locking ball; 304. Locking ring; 305. Sealing ring; 306. Locking groove; 4. Steering mechanism; 401. Steering cover; 402. Steering knuckle; 403. Connecting hole; 5. Shock absorption mechanism; 510. Shock absorption part; 5101. Connecting pin; 5102. Slide plate; 5103. Slide groove; 5104. Limiting plate; 520. Reinforcing pin; 530. Strengthening pin; 6. Measuring mechanism; 601. Sleeve; 602. Displacement gauge; 603. Observation cable; 604. Fixing base; 605. Threaded hole; 7. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0029] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a three-dimensional gap gauge, including a support base 1, characterized in that it includes:

[0032] The outer surface of the support base 1 is provided with a locking groove 2.

[0033] The locking mechanism 3 is locked to the support base 1 through the locking groove 2.

[0034] Steering mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to locking mechanism 3, and steering mechanism 4 is located on the side away from support base 1.

[0035] The shock absorption mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support base 1.

[0036] Measuring mechanism 6 is rotatably connected to steering mechanism 4.

[0037] Specifically, the three-way seam gauge uses a support base 1 as the central support component and connects three measuring mechanisms 6 in three directions to form a three-way seam gauge. A locking groove 2 is provided on the surface of the support base 1. The locking groove 2 locks the measuring mechanism 6 to the support base 1 by cooperating with the locking mechanism 3. The steering mechanism 4 is located between the locking mechanism 3 and the measuring mechanism 6 and is used to enable the measuring mechanism 6 to turn. The shock absorption mechanism 5 is located on the bottom surface of the support base 1 and is used to directly contact the ground or the bottom surface to be measured.

[0038] Understandably, the coordinated operation of the locking groove 2 and the locking mechanism 3 enhances the connection stability. The locking groove 2 on the outer surface of the support base 1, in conjunction with the locking mechanism 3, forms a multi-directional constraint structure. This secures the connection between the measuring mechanism 6 and the support base 1 through mechanical engagement or pressure locking, reducing the risk of loosening due to external load impacts or long-term vibrations. It also reduces the impact of installation deviations. The locking groove 2 is compatible with geometric errors in different installation scenarios. The adjustable characteristics of the locking mechanism 3 compensate for minor misalignments between the support base 1 and the surface to be measured, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement reference. The support base 1 optimizes the force transmission path. As the central support component, the support base 1, through its three-dimensional symmetrical layout, disperses the pressure of external loads on the single measuring mechanism 6, reducing local stress concentration and preventing equipment deformation or failure due to uneven stress. Connecting the three measuring mechanisms 6 with the support base 1 as the core achieves a compact structure for three-dimensional displacement monitoring, reducing redundant structures and lowering the overall complexity of the equipment. The steering mechanism 4 enhances the adaptability of the measurement direction. Located between the locking mechanism 3 and the measuring mechanism 6, the steering mechanism 4 allows the measuring mechanism 6 to flexibly adjust its angle after installation, ensuring that the sensor probe is always aligned with the direction of the measured displacement. This facilitates adaptation to scenarios with tilted or irregular structural surfaces and reduces mechanical interference. By adjusting the spatial attitude of the measuring mechanism 6 through the steering mechanism 4, it avoids equipment collisions or jamming caused by structural deformation, thermal expansion and contraction, or long-term displacement accumulation, ensuring the continuity of long-term monitoring. The vibration damping mechanism 5 reduces external vibration interference. The vibration damping mechanism 5 is in direct contact with the ground or the bottom surface of the structure under test. Through mechanical structure absorption and dissipation of high-frequency energy such as construction vibration, traffic load, or seismic waves, it reduces the transmission of vibration to the support base 1 and the measuring mechanism 6. At the same time, it suppresses the influence of temperature fluctuations. The thermal expansion coefficient of the vibration damping mechanism 5 matches the material of the support base 1, which can partially offset the small deformation of the support base 1 caused by changes in ambient temperature, reducing the interference of temperature drift effect on the measurement reference. The measuring mechanism 6 ensures the consistency of multidimensional data. The three measuring mechanisms 6 are orthogonally distributed via the support base 1, independently monitoring axial, lateral, and vertical displacements. Combined with the precise angle adjustment of the steering mechanism 4, signal distortion caused by directional deviations is avoided, improving the accuracy of three-dimensional displacement decoupling. Simultaneously, cross-coupling errors are reduced. The synergistic effect of the locking mechanism 3 and the steering mechanism 4 limits the motion freedom of each measuring mechanism 6, preventing displacement in non-target directions from being transmitted to adjacent sensors and reducing interference between multi-directional data. The rigid structure of the support base 1 provides a stable mounting foundation, while the vibration damping mechanism 5 isolates external disturbances. The combination of these two ensures the long-term stability of the measurement reference and prevents vibration noise from contaminating high-frequency signals.In high temperature, high humidity or dusty environments, the shock absorption mechanism 5 can reduce the direct impact of the external environment on the support base 1. The sealing structure of the locking mechanism 3 and the steering mechanism 4 further protects the internal precision components and ensures the reliability of the equipment under harsh conditions. At the same time, sealing sleeves, sealing gaskets and other materials can be added between the locking mechanism 3 and the locking groove 2 to enhance the sealing performance.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, see Figure 2 As shown, a first groove 201 is provided on the inner wall of the locking groove 2. The first groove 201 is a semi-circular groove. A second groove 202 is provided on the right side of the first groove 201. A locking block 203 is provided in the second groove 202. A torsion spring 7 is provided between the locking block 203 and the bottom wall of the second groove 202. The torsion spring 7 is fixedly connected to the locking block 203 and the second groove 202 respectively.

[0040] Specifically, the first groove 201 is located at the inner end of the locking groove 2. The first groove 201 is semi-circular in shape and is used to cooperate with the locking mechanism 3 to achieve locking. At the same time, the locking block 203 in the second groove 202 is displaced by the torsion spring 7 and is used to cooperate with the locking mechanism 3 to achieve further locking. Since the locking block 203 is trapezoidal in shape, when the locking mechanism 3 moves inward, it will drive the locking block 203 to move into the second groove 202. When it moves to a certain distance, the locking block 203 rebounds, achieving the locking effect.

[0041] Understandably, the dynamic cooperation between the locking block 203 and the torsion spring 7 enhances the automatic locking mechanism. The locking block 203 is elastically connected to the second groove 202 through the torsion spring 7. When the locking mechanism 3 moves inward, the locking block 203 is squeezed and retracts into the second groove 202. After the locking mechanism 3 reaches the preset position, the torsion spring 7 drives the locking block 203 to rebound and engage with the corresponding structure of the locking mechanism 3, achieving automatic locking. The locking action can be completed without manual intervention, simplifying the operation process and reducing the risk of accidental loosening. The rebound force of the locking block 203 continuously acts on the locking mechanism 3, forming a stable mechanical engagement. Even under external vibration or periodic load, the locking state can still be maintained, avoiding loosening of the connection due to long-term stress. The trapezoidal locking block 203 optimizes the locking path by providing guidance and limiting. Its trapezoidal inclined surface guides the locking mechanism 3 along a predetermined direction during insertion, reducing jamming or wear caused by angular deviations and ensuring smooth locking action. It also enhances shear resistance. The increased contact area between the wide base of the trapezoidal structure and the second groove 202 disperses the lateral shear force transmitted by the locking mechanism 3, reducing local stress concentration and extending the service life of the locking block 203 and the groove. The semi-circular first groove 201 improves alignment accuracy. Its semi-circular contour matches the end shape of the locking mechanism 3, providing physical guidance during initial insertion and assisting the locking mechanism 3 in quickly positioning itself correctly, reducing manual calibration time and minimizing the impact of installation errors. The symmetrical design of the semi-circular groove allows the locking mechanism 3 to adaptively adjust within a small angular deviation range, preventing locking failure due to uneven mounting surfaces or operational deviations. The locking groove 2 achieves progressive locking through a staged locking mechanism. The locking mechanism 3 first completes the initial positioning and pre-locking through the first groove 201. Then, when the displacement continues, it triggers the locking block 203 in the second groove 202 to rebound, forming a two-stage locking effect. This ensures the convenience of initial installation and enhances the final stability through secondary locking.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, see Figure 3 As shown, the locking mechanism 3 includes a locking post 301, a locking cone 302, a locking bead 303, a locking ring 304, and a sealing ring 305. The sealing ring 305 is sleeved on one side of the locking post 301 and is fixedly connected to the locking post 301. The other side of the locking post 301 is fixedly connected to the locking cone 302. The outer surface of the locking cone 302 is provided with a locking bead 303 in an annular shape, and the locking bead 303 corresponds to the first groove 201. A plurality of locking rings 304 are provided between the locking cone 302 and the sealing ring 305, and a locking groove 306 is formed between the plurality of locking rings 304. The size of the locking groove 306 corresponds to the locking block 203.

[0043] Specifically, the locking post 301 is the central support post, and a tapered locking cone 302 is provided on one side of the locking ball 303. The surface of the locking cone 302 is provided with the locking ball 303. The locking ball 303 can retract and rebound into the locking cone 302. That is, when the locking ball 303 moves into the locking groove 2, the locking ball 303 rebounds into the locking cone 302 under the action of the inner wall of the locking groove 2, without affecting the displacement of the locking post 301. When it moves to the corresponding position of the first groove 201, since the shape of the locking ball 303 corresponds to the first groove 201, the locking ball 303 rebounds into the first groove 201, that is, half of the locking ball 303 is located in the first groove 201. The locking block 203 fits into the first groove 201, with half of it located inside the locking cone 302. Several locking rings 304 are provided in the middle of the locking pin 301, forming a locking groove 306 between the locking rings 304. When the locking pin 301 moves to the corresponding position of the second groove 202, the locking block 203 rebounds downward into the locking groove 306 to achieve the locking effect. The sealing ring 305 is on the other side of the locking pin 301. When the locking pin 301 is completely moved into the locking groove 2, the sealing ring 305 is used to seal the gap between the locking groove 2 and the locking pin 301. A sealing sleeve can also be fitted between the sealing ring 305 and the locking pin 301 for further sealing and to improve the sealing performance.

[0044] Understandably, the multi-stage locking mechanism enhances the automation and precision of locking. The engagement structure between the locking bead 303 and the first groove 201 achieves initial positioning and pre-locking. When the locking pin 301 moves to the position of the first groove 201, the locking bead 303 automatically rebounds and embeds itself, guided by the shape of the groove, forming a semi-enclosed engagement. This ensures that the locking mechanism 3 locks quickly without manual intervention, while also strengthening its resistance to loosening. The secondary locking mechanism between the locking ring 304 and the locking block 203 forms redundant constraints through the engagement of the locking groove 306 and the locking block 203. Even under high vibration or impact loads, the dual locking structure can disperse external forces, reducing the risk of locking failure. Furthermore, the dynamic adaptability of the elastic locking ball 303 reduces displacement friction resistance. When the locking pin 301 moves, the locking ball 303 can retract into the locking cone 302, avoiding rigid friction with the inner wall of the locking groove 2, ensuring smooth displacement of the locking pin 301 to the target position. The sealing ring 305 and the sealing sleeve isolate external contaminants from intrusion. The tight fit between the sealing ring 305 and the locking pin 301 seals the gap between the locking groove 2 and the locking pin 301, preventing moisture, dust, or corrosive media from penetrating the internal structure. Adding a sealing sleeve further strengthens the sealing layer, making it suitable for humid, dusty, or chemically corrosive environments, extending the service life of the components. By blocking direct corrosion of the internal metal parts of the locking mechanism 3 (such as the locking ball 303 and locking ring 304) by the external environment, it reduces the rate of rust and wear, ensuring long-term operational reliability.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, see Figure 4 As shown, the steering mechanism 4 includes a steering cover 401, a steering knuckle 402 and a connecting hole 403. The steering cover 401 is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing ring 305, and the steering cover 401 is hollow inside. The steering knuckle 402 is located inside the steering cover 401, and the connecting hole 403 is provided on the side surface of the steering cover 401 away from the sealing ring 305.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, the measuring mechanism 6 includes a sleeve 601, a displacement gauge 602, an observation cable 603, a fixed base 604, and a threaded hole 605. The displacement gauge 602 is rotatably connected to the steering knuckle 402 through the connecting hole 403. The fixed base 604 is fixedly connected to the side of the displacement gauge 602 away from the steering knuckle 402, and the fixed base 604 is provided with a threaded hole 605. The sleeve 601 is provided between the fixed base 604 and the displacement gauge 602. The observation cable 603 is electrically connected to the displacement gauge 602, and the observation cable 603 passes through the fixed base 604 to connect to external equipment.

[0047] Specifically, the steering cover 401 is used to protect the steering knuckle 402 and prevent external factors such as cement from affecting the steering effect. The steering cover 401 is fixedly connected to the sealing ring 305. When the sealing ring 305 is embedded in the locking groove 2, the steering cover 401 fits against the support seat 1. At the same time, the steering knuckle 402 inside the steering cover 401 can rotate. The displacement gauge 602 is rotatably connected to the steering knuckle 402 through the connecting hole 403. The sleeve 601 is sleeved around the displacement gauge 602 and can move. The observation cable 603 connects to the displacement gauge 602 and finally connects to the external observation equipment through the fixed seat 604. The threaded hole 605 on the fixed seat 604 is used to fix the fixed seat 604.

[0048] Understandably, the sealing and protective function of the steering cover 401 reduces external environmental interference. The steering cover 401 is fixedly connected to the sealing ring 305 and fits against the support seat 1, forming a closed space that isolates contaminants such as cement slurry, dust, and rainwater from entering the steering knuckle 402. This avoids rotational jamming or mechanical wear caused by the accumulation of impurities, while also improving long-term operational reliability. In open-air or harsh environments, the hollow structure of the steering cover 401 protects the steering mechanism 4 from corrosive media, reducing component corrosion or performance degradation caused by environmental factors. The physical isolation function of the sleeve 601 reduces the risk of mechanical damage. The sleeve 601 wraps around the outer surface of the displacement gauge 602, forming a physical barrier and suppressing the effects of temperature and humidity fluctuations. The sealed design of the sleeve 601 can buffer the direct impact of sudden changes in external temperature or humidity on the internal components of the displacement gauge 602, maintaining measurement stability.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, see Figure 5As shown, the shock absorption mechanism 5 includes a support part and a shock absorption part 510. The support part includes a bottom frame plate and reinforcing columns 520. The bottom frame plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support base 1. Reinforcing columns 520 are respectively provided at the four corners of the bottom frame plate. Shock absorption parts 510 are provided between the bottom frame plates, and shock absorption parts 510 are provided inside each reinforcing column 520.

[0050] In some embodiments of this application, the shock-absorbing part 510 includes a connecting column 5101, a sliding plate 5102, a torsion spring 7, a sliding groove 5103, and a limiting plate 5104. The sliding groove 5103 is disposed inside the reinforcing column 520. The sliding plate 5102 is vertically slidably connected inside the sliding groove 5103. A torsion spring 7 is disposed between the lower surface of the sliding plate 5102 and the bottom wall of the sliding groove 5103. The connecting column 5101 is disposed on the upper surface of the sliding plate 5102. The upper end of the connecting column 5101 passes through the reinforcing column 520 and is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom frame plate.

[0051] Understandably, the coordinated structure of the bottom frame plate and the reinforcing columns 520 optimizes the load transfer path. The bottom frame plate is fixed to the lower surface of the support base 1, and the planar rigid structure evenly distributes the equipment's self-weight and external loads to the four corner reinforcing columns 520, avoiding the risk of deformation or breakage of the support base 1 due to local stress concentration, while improving the overall anti-overturning performance. The vertical support layout of the four corner reinforcing columns 520 forms a multi-point stable base, reducing the risk of lateral overturning of the equipment on inclined ground or under non-uniform force, and ensuring the benchmark stability for long-term monitoring. The distributed damping function of the reinforcing columns 520 enhances local compressive and impact resistance. The reinforcing columns 520 integrate a damping unit 510, which absorbs vertical impact energy (such as construction vibration or sudden loads) through the elastic linkage of the sliding plate 5102 and the torsion spring 7, reducing the direct transmission of shock waves to the support base 1. The elastic buffer structure of the slide plate 5102 and the torsion spring 7 suppresses high-frequency vibration interference. When the slide plate 5102 slides vertically in the slide groove 5103, the torsion spring 7 absorbs external vibration energy (such as mechanical impact or traffic load) through elastic deformation, reducing the transmission of high-frequency vibration to the support base 1 and the upper measuring mechanism 6, reducing the signal noise of the precision sensor, and alleviating the low-frequency resonance effect. The adjustable natural frequency design of the slide plate 5102 torsion spring 7 avoids resonance with common environmental vibration frequencies (such as seismic waves or heavy equipment operation), reducing the overall shaking of the equipment or the drift of the measurement reference caused by resonance.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, reinforcing pins 530 are also provided at the four corners of the bottom frame plate, and the reinforcing pins 530 are located on the lower surface of the bottom frame plate.

[0053] Understandably, the anchoring effect of the reinforcing pin 530 enhances stability against lateral loads. Vertically embedded in the ground or base surface, the reinforcing pin 530 creates an anchoring effect, resisting lateral loads, seismic forces, or lateral thrust generated during equipment operation. This reduces the risk of overall slippage or overturning of the base frame and suppresses dynamic displacement accumulation. Under long-term vibration or cyclic loads, the reinforcing pin 530, through physical interlocking, restricts minute relative displacements between the base frame and the base surface, preventing reference drift or structural loosening caused by displacement accumulation. Distributed load transfer optimization strengthens local compressive strength. The reinforcing pin 530, located on the lower surface of the four corners of the base frame, together with the reinforcing column 520, forms a multi-point support system, further dispersing concentrated loads (such as impacts or heavy loads) to deeper layers of the base surface, reducing compressive deformation in shallow layers or the base surface. Furthermore, it can adapt to non-uniform foundation conditions. In foundations with alternating soft and hard surfaces or locally soft foundations, the reinforcement needle 530 can adjust the bearing capacity of each support point through differentiated embedding depth, compensating for differences in foundation strength and ensuring overall equipment stability. It also enhances applicability to soft soil and slope scenarios, improving the grip of soft soil foundations. By penetrating the foundation, the reinforcement needle 530 increases the contact area and frictional resistance between the bottom frame plate and the ground, preventing the equipment from sinking or sliding on low-bearing-capacity surfaces. It also reduces the impact of soil erosion. In riverbanks, embankments, or areas with frequent rainfall, the embedding depth of the reinforcement needle 530 can penetrate the surface loose soil layer and anchor it in stable strata, reducing the risk of foundation erosion caused by water flow or rainwater infiltration. It suppresses frost heave and thaw settlement effects. In seasonally frozen soil areas, the reinforcement needle 530 penetrates the freeze-thaw activity layer and anchors in deep stable foundations, reducing the lifting or settlement of the bottom frame plate caused by frost heave or thaw settlement. The reinforcement pin 530, through rigid anchoring, cuts off part of the vibration wave transmission path from the base to the bottom frame plate, forming a "rigid anchoring and flexible damping" synergistic mechanism with the elastic buffer of the damping unit 510, thereby improving the overall vibration resistance efficiency. It reduces instantaneous impact displacement; under sudden impact, the anchoring effect of the reinforcement pin 530 limits the instantaneous displacement amplitude of the bottom frame plate, preventing damage to internal components or interruption of measurement signals due to severe shaking.

[0054] In the above embodiments, a three-dimensional seam gauge improves connection stability through the synergistic effect of the support base 1 and the locking mechanism 3. The locking groove 2 on the outer surface of the support base 1 cooperates with the locking mechanism 3 to form a structure that combines rigid constraint and flexible adjustment, reducing the risk of connection loosening caused by external load impact or vibration. At the same time, the specific design of the locking groove 2 can adapt to the geometry of different mounting surfaces, ensuring a tight fit between the support base 1 and the measured structure, while reducing the impact of installation deviation. The adjustable characteristics of the locking mechanism 3 can compensate for minor misalignments between the support base 1 and the structural surface in complex installation environments, reducing the measurement reference offset caused by installation errors. The steering mechanism 4 optimizes the flexibility of the measurement direction. The rotational connection design between the measuring mechanism 6 and the steering mechanism 4 allows the sensor to make fine-tuning angles in three-dimensional space, ensuring that the measurement direction is always accurately aligned with the monitored displacement path, while reducing the risk of mechanical interference. The steering mechanism 4 can flexibly adjust the spatial posture of the measuring mechanism 6, avoiding the risk of mechanical interference during long-term monitoring. The damping mechanism 5 reduces external vibration interference caused by mechanical collisions or jamming due to structural deformation or thermal expansion and contraction. Located at the bottom of the support base 1, the damping mechanism 5 can absorb and attenuate vibration energy from the measured structure or the surrounding environment through mechanical structure, reducing the direct transmission of vibration to the vibrating wire sensor. At the same time, it can also suppress the temperature drift effect. While isolating mechanical vibration, the damping mechanism 5 can partially offset the small deformation of the support base 1 caused by temperature changes through reasonable matching of the thermal expansion coefficient of the material, reducing the interference of temperature fluctuations on the measurement reference. The measurement mechanism 6 improves the consistency of multidimensional data. The three-dimensional measurement mechanism 6 forms a spatial orthogonal layout through the combination of the support base 1. The sensors in each direction work independently and do not interfere with each other with the assistance of the steering mechanism 4, ensuring the synchronization and coordination of axial, lateral and vertical displacement data, while reducing cross-coupling errors. The cooperation between the steering mechanism 4 and the locking mechanism 3 can accurately limit the motion degrees of freedom of each measurement mechanism 6, avoid signal crosstalk caused by non-target direction displacement transmission, and improve the accuracy of three-dimensional displacement decoupling.

[0055] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional seam gauge, comprising a support base (1), characterized in that, include: The outer surface of the support base (1) is provided with a locking groove (2); The locking mechanism (3) is locked in place with the support base (1) through the locking groove (2); Steering mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the locking mechanism (3), and the steering mechanism (4) is located on the side away from the support base (1); The shock-absorbing mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support base (1); The measuring mechanism (6) is rotatably connected to the steering mechanism (4).

2. The three-dimensional gap measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the locking groove (2) is provided with a first groove (201), which is a semi-circular groove. A second groove (202) is provided on the right side of the first groove (201). A locking block (203) is provided in the second groove (202). A torsion spring (7) is provided between the locking block (203) and the bottom wall of the second groove (202). The torsion spring (7) is fixedly connected to the locking block (203) and the second groove (202) respectively.

3. The three-dimensional gap measuring instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking mechanism (3) includes a locking pin (301), a locking cone (302), a locking bead (303), a locking ring (304), and a sealing ring (305). The sealing ring (305) is sleeved on one side of the locking pin (301) and is fixedly connected to the locking pin (301). The other side of the locking pin (301) is fixedly connected to the locking cone (302). The outer surface of the locking cone (302) is provided with a locking bead (303) in an annular shape, and the locking bead (303) corresponds to the first groove (201). A plurality of locking rings (304) are provided between the locking cone (302) and the sealing ring (305), and a locking groove (306) is formed between the plurality of locking rings (304). The size of the locking groove (306) corresponds to the locking block (203).

4. The three-dimensional gap measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steering mechanism (4) includes a steering cover (401), a steering knuckle (402), and a connecting hole (403). The steering cover (401) is fixedly connected to one side of the sealing ring (305), and the steering cover (401) is hollow inside. The steering knuckle (402) is located inside the steering cover (401), and the connecting hole (403) is provided on the side surface of the steering cover (401) away from the sealing ring (305).

5. The three-dimensional gap measuring instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, The measuring mechanism (6) includes a sleeve (601), a displacement gauge (602), an observation cable (603), a fixed base (604), and a threaded hole (605). The displacement gauge (602) is rotatably connected to the steering knuckle (402) through the connecting hole (403). The fixed base (604) is fixedly connected to the side of the displacement gauge (602) away from the steering knuckle (402), and the fixed base (604) is provided with a threaded hole (605). A sleeve (601) is provided between the fixed base (604) and the displacement gauge (602). The observation cable (603) is electrically connected to the displacement gauge (602), and the observation cable (603) passes through the fixed base (604) to connect to external equipment.

6. The three-dimensional gap measuring instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing mechanism (5) includes a support part and a shock-absorbing part (510). The support part includes a bottom frame plate and a reinforcing column (520). The bottom frame plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support base (1). Reinforcing columns (520) are respectively provided at the four corners of the bottom frame plate. Shock-absorbing parts (510) are provided between the bottom frame plates, and shock-absorbing parts (510) are provided inside each reinforcing column (520).

7. The three-dimensional gap measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing part (510) includes a connecting column (5101), a sliding plate (5102), a torsion spring (7), a sliding groove (5103), and a limiting plate (5104). The sliding groove (5103) is disposed inside the reinforcing column (520). The sliding plate (5102) is vertically slidably connected inside the sliding groove (5103). A torsion spring (7) is disposed between the lower surface of the sliding plate (5102) and the bottom wall of the sliding groove (5103). The connecting column (5101) is disposed on the upper surface of the sliding plate (5102). The upper end of the connecting column (5101) passes through the reinforcing column (520) and is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom frame plate.

8. The three-dimensional gap measuring instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom frame plate is also provided with reinforcing pins (530) at its four corners, and the reinforcing pins (530) are located on the lower surface of the bottom frame plate.

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