Rail-mounted photovoltaic array self-adaptive inspection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rail-mounted photovoltaic array self-adaptive inspection device, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic inspection equipment, the rail-mounted photovoltaic array self-adaptive inspection device is arranged on one side of the back of a photovoltaic panel, and comprises a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism and inspection equipment, the first driving mechanism comprises a first slide rail and a first driving assembly, and the second driving mechanism comprises a second slide rail and a second driving assembly; the first sliding rail extends along the back side of the photovoltaic array, and the first sliding rail is parallel to the photovoltaic array; the second driving mechanism comprises a second sliding rail and a second driving assembly, the second sliding rail is arranged on the first sliding rail in a sliding mode, the second sliding rail is perpendicular to the first sliding rail, the second sliding rail is obliquely arranged, the inclination angle of the second sliding rail is consistent with the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, and the first driving assembly is used for driving the second sliding rail to move along the back side of the photovoltaic array; and the inspection equipment is connected with the second driving assembly. The utility model aims to solve the problems of inspection blind area and low efficiency in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic inspection equipment technology, and in particular to an adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale photovoltaic (PV) power plants, the inspection of PV modules is a crucial step in ensuring efficient operation. Currently, PV power plant inspections primarily employ two methods: manual inspection and inspection drones. While manual inspection allows direct contact with PV modules, it suffers from low efficiency and difficulty in guaranteeing inspection quality, especially in inspecting critical areas such as the backsheet, junction boxes, and wiring on the back of the PV panel, where manual inspection often fails to provide comprehensive coverage. Inspection drones, while capable of quickly covering large areas of the PV panel surface, typically focus on the front. Because drones usually use a top-down shooting angle, details on the back of the PV panel are difficult to capture effectively, resulting in poor back-side inspection results. Furthermore, the backsheet, junction boxes, and wiring on the back of the PV panel are vital components of the PV module, and their condition directly affects the module's performance and lifespan. Therefore, there is an urgent need for equipment capable of comprehensively and efficiently inspecting the back of PV panels to address the blind spots and low efficiency issues inherent in existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to propose an adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array, which aims to solve the problems of blind spots and low efficiency in the existing technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array proposed in this utility model is located on one side of the back of the photovoltaic panel. The adaptive inspection device for the track-mounted photovoltaic array includes:

[0005] A first driving mechanism, comprising a first slide rail and a first driving component, wherein the first slide rail extends along the back side of the photovoltaic array and is arranged parallel to the photovoltaic array;

[0006] The second driving mechanism includes a second slide rail and a second driving component. The second slide rail is slidably disposed on the first slide rail and is perpendicular to the first slide rail. The second slide rail is tilted and the tilt angle is consistent with the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel. The first driving component is used to drive the second slide rail to move along the back side of the photovoltaic array.

[0007] An inspection device is connected to a second drive assembly, which drives the inspection device to move along the extension direction of the second slide rail. The inspection device is used to inspect the back of the photovoltaic panel.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first driving component includes:

[0009] A first slider is slidably disposed on the first slide rail;

[0010] A first driving trolley is located on one side of the first slider and is used to drive the first slider to move.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first drive component includes an energy storage control module connected to the first slider, which is used to supply power to the first drive vehicle and control the movement of the first drive vehicle.

[0012] In one embodiment, first grooves are formed on both sides of the first slide rail, the first slider is located at the top of the first slide rail, and the first slider is provided with two first extension arms, which are inserted into the first grooves.

[0013] In one embodiment, the second slide rail is connected to the first slider, and the second drive assembly includes:

[0014] The second slider is slidably disposed on the second slide rail;

[0015] The second drive trolley is located on one side of the second slider and is used to drive the second slider to move. The energy storage control module is used to supply power to the second drive trolley and control the movement of the second drive trolley.

[0016] In one embodiment, second slide grooves are formed on both sides of the second slide rail, the second slider is located at the top of the second slide rail, and the second slider is provided with two second extension arms, which are inserted into the second slide grooves.

[0017] In one embodiment, the track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device further includes a third drive mechanism, the third drive mechanism comprising:

[0018] A fixing frame is connected to the second slider;

[0019] An electric actuator is mounted on the fixed frame and is oriented toward the photovoltaic panel. The inspection device is mounted on the drive shaft of the electric actuator.

[0020] In one embodiment, the inspection device includes:

[0021] Mounting platform, which is connected to the drive shaft of the electric push rod;

[0022] A sliding bar is provided at the bottom of the mounting platform and is slidably connected to the fixing frame;

[0023] An inspection module is mounted on the mounting platform.

[0024] In one embodiment, the inspection module includes:

[0025] Visible light camera; and / or

[0026] Infrared thermal imager; and / or

[0027] Ultrasonic testing instrument.

[0028] In one embodiment, the first driving trolley has a first driving wheel on both sides, and the first driving wheel is disposed in the first sliding groove. The second driving trolley has a second driving wheel on both sides, and the second driving wheel is disposed in the second sliding groove.

[0029] In the technical solution provided by this utility model, a track-mounted adaptive inspection device for a photovoltaic array is disposed on one side of the back of the photovoltaic panel. The track-mounted adaptive inspection device includes a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism, and an inspection device. The first driving mechanism includes a first slide rail and a first driving component. The first slide rail extends along the back side of the photovoltaic array and is parallel to the photovoltaic array. The second driving mechanism includes a second slide rail and a second driving component. The second slide rail is slidably disposed on the first slide rail and is perpendicular to the first slide rail. The second slide rail is tilted at an angle consistent with the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel. The first driving component drives the second slide rail to move along the back side of the photovoltaic array. The inspection device is connected to the second driving component, which drives the inspection device to move along the extension direction of the second slide rail. The inspection device is used to inspect the back of the photovoltaic panel. Through this technical solution, the inspection device can accurately traverse the back area of ​​the photovoltaic panel along a preset track, effectively identifying potential hazards such as back panel cracks, junction box overheating, or aging wiring. The two-stage driving mechanism works together to form a systematic inspection path, solving the problems of blind spots and low efficiency in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a diagram of an explosion.

[0034] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0035] 1000. Track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device; 1. First drive mechanism; 11. First slide rail; 12. First drive assembly; 121. First slider; 122. First drive trolley; 2. Second drive mechanism; 21. Second slide rail; 22. Second drive assembly; 221. Second slider; 222. Second drive trolley; 3. Inspection equipment; 31. Mounting platform; 32. Sliding bar; 33. Inspection module; 4. Third drive mechanism; 41. Fixing frame; 42. Electric push rod; 5. Photovoltaic panel.

[0036] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0039] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0040] In existing technologies, large-scale photovoltaic power plants typically employ manual inspections or drones to inspect the surface of photovoltaic modules. Manual inspections suffer from low efficiency and inconsistent quality, while drones are limited by their shooting angles and cannot cover the back of the photovoltaic panels. The back panels, junction boxes, and wiring on the back are exposed to a complex environment for extended periods, making them prone to aging, damage, and other potential problems. Existing inspection methods cannot effectively detect defects in these areas.

[0041] To address the aforementioned issues, the inventors discovered a need for an inspection device capable of moving along the back of a photovoltaic panel and adapting to its tilt angle. By analyzing the layout characteristics of the photovoltaic array and considering that back-side inspection requires coverage of the entire area while maintaining an appropriate distance from the surface, a track-type structure was ultimately chosen. The first-stage track is arranged along the length of the array, and the second-stage track is perpendicular to the first and tilted to match the angle of the photovoltaic panel. This two-stage movement achieves comprehensive coverage of the back-side area by the inspection device.

[0042] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This utility model provides a track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device 1000, which is disposed on one side of the back of the photovoltaic panel 5. The track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device 1000 includes:

[0043] The first drive mechanism 1 includes a first slide rail 11 and a first drive component 12. The first slide rail 11 extends along the back side of the photovoltaic array and is parallel to the photovoltaic array.

[0044] The second drive mechanism 2 includes a second slide rail 21 and a second drive component 22. The second slide rail 21 is slidably disposed on the first slide rail 11 and is perpendicular to the first slide rail 11. The second slide rail 21 is tilted and the tilt angle is consistent with the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 5. The first drive component 12 is used to drive the second slide rail 21 to move along the back side of the photovoltaic array.

[0045] Inspection device 3 is connected to the second drive assembly 22. The second drive assembly 22 is used to drive inspection device 3 to move along the extension direction of the second slide rail 21. Inspection device 3 is used to inspect the back of photovoltaic panel 5.

[0046] This device is located on one side of the back of the photovoltaic panel 5 and includes a first drive mechanism 1, a second drive mechanism 2, and an inspection device 3. The first drive mechanism 1 includes a first slide rail 11 extending along and parallel to the back of the photovoltaic array, and a drive assembly. The second drive mechanism 2 includes a second slide rail 21 slidably mounted on the first slide rail 11 and a drive assembly. The second slide rail 21 is perpendicular to the first slide rail 11 and its tilt angle is the same as that of the photovoltaic panel 5. The inspection device 3 is connected to the second drive assembly 22 and moves through the two-stage drive mechanism to inspect the back of the photovoltaic panel 5.

[0047] The first slide rail 11 is a support rail extending linearly along the back side of the photovoltaic array. It can be implemented using an I-shaped aluminum alloy profile, and its extension direction is consistent with the arrangement direction of the photovoltaic panels 5, ensuring that the inspection device covers all photovoltaic panel 5 units when moving along the length of the array. The second slide rail 21 is a movable rail installed on the first slide rail 11. Its tilt angle is adjusted by a mechanical structure to be the same as the installation tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels 5, so that the movement direction of the inspection device 3 remains parallel to the back plane of the photovoltaic panels 5. The inspection device 3 is a moving device equipped with a detection module, which can be implemented using a platform integrating a camera and sensors. It acquires images or data of the back of the photovoltaic panels 5 by moving along the second slide rail 21.

[0048] Specifically, the first slide rail 11 is laid along the back of the photovoltaic array, and the second slide rail 21 moves laterally on the first slide rail 11 via a sliding component, forming a movement range covering the entire width of the photovoltaic array. The tilt angle of the second slide rail 21 matches the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel 5, ensuring that the inspection device 3 maintains a constant distance from the back of the photovoltaic panel 5 while moving along the second slide rail 21. The first drive component 12 drives the second slide rail 21 to move stepwise along the length of the array, and the second drive component 22 drives the inspection device 3 to continuously scan along the tilted slide rail. The combined movement of these two components forms a grid-like coverage of the back area. During its movement, the inspection device 3 performs image acquisition or signal detection on the back panel, junction box, and wiring, achieving blind-spot-free inspection.

[0049] Compared to existing technologies, manual inspection can only visually inspect obvious surface defects and cannot systematically detect hidden problems on the back; drone inspection is limited by shooting angle and flight stability, making it difficult to obtain clear images of the back. This solution uses a track-type mechanical structure to achieve a stable relative position between the inspection device 3 and the back of the photovoltaic panel 5, combined with bidirectional motion path planning, to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the inspection data. The tilting rail design ensures that the device's movement direction is parallel to the plane of the photovoltaic panel 5, avoiding visual distortion or distance fluctuations during the inspection process.

[0050] Through the above technical solution, the inspection equipment 3 can accurately traverse the back area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 5 along a preset track, effectively identifying potential hazards such as back panel cracks, junction box overheating, or aging wiring. The two-stage drive mechanism works in concert to form a systematic inspection path, solving the problem of insufficient coverage in back panel inspection using traditional methods. The track-type structure avoids external environmental interference, improves the stability and repeatability of the inspection process, and provides a reliable technical means for the operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power plants.

[0051] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the first driving component 12 includes:

[0052] The first slider 121 is slidably disposed on the first slide rail 11;

[0053] The first driving trolley 122 is located on one side of the first slider 121 and is used to drive the first slider 121 to move.

[0054] The first slider 121 is a load-bearing component with sliding function, which can be implemented using an aluminum alloy profile with ball bearings. Its bottom forms a sliding contact surface with the first slide rail 11, and its top is fixedly connected to the second slide rail 21. The first drive trolley 122 is a power output device, which can be implemented using an electric trolley with a geared motor. Its output shaft is rigidly connected to the side wall of the first slider 121 through a coupling.

[0055] Specifically, the first slider 121 undergoes linear displacement along the first slide rail 11 via its bottom sliding surface, with the displacement direction perfectly aligned with the extension direction of the photovoltaic array. The first drive trolley 122 is mounted laterally to the first slider 121, transmitting driving force directly to the sidewall contact point of the first slider 121 via its output shaft. When the first drive trolley 122 starts, the thrust it generates acts on a single point of force application on the slider's sidewall, propelling the slider to move linearly along the slide rail.

[0056] Compared with existing technologies, traditional photovoltaic inspection devices often use double-sided gear and rack transmission or sprocket and chain structures for their slide rail drive mechanisms, requiring symmetrically distributed drive motors and synchronous control systems, resulting in complex structures and difficult maintenance. This solution, through the direct thrust transmission of a single-sided drive trolley, eliminates the need for synchronous control devices while ensuring driving force, significantly reducing mechanical complexity.

[0057] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves stable linear movement of the second slide rail 21 along the back side of the photovoltaic array, ensuring that the detection device 3 can cover all detection areas on the back of the photovoltaic panel 5. The single-sided drive structure effectively reduces the number of moving parts, lowers the failure rate, and simplifies the equipment maintenance process. The large-area contact design between the slider and the slide rail improves the vibration resistance during movement, adapting to the environmental conditions of long-term outdoor operation of the photovoltaic array.

[0058] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the first drive component 12 includes an energy storage control module, which is connected to the first slider 121 and is used to supply power to the first drive trolley 122 and control the movement of the first drive trolley 122.

[0059] An energy storage control module is a device that integrates power supply and drive control functions. Specifically, it can be implemented by combining a rechargeable battery and a circuit control unit. The battery can provide continuous power to the drive components, and the circuit control unit regulates the operating parameters of the drive vehicle through a preset program.

[0060] The first slider 121 refers to the load-bearing component that moves along the first slide rail 11. Specifically, it can be made of aluminum alloy and combined with a roller mechanism. The roller mechanism can reduce sliding friction resistance, and the aluminum alloy material ensures structural strength and lightweight.

[0061] Specifically, the energy storage control module is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first slider 121, supplying power directly to the first drive trolley 122 via built-in wires, and simultaneously receiving external control commands via a wireless communication module. When the first drive trolley 122 moves along the first slide rail 11, the circuit control unit monitors the rotational speed of the drive wheels in real time and adjusts the motor's output power according to a preset path plan. Because the energy storage control module is integrated with the slider, the risk of entanglement of external power cables during movement is avoided, and the internal voltage regulation circuit ensures that power output fluctuations remain within a set threshold range.

[0062] Compared to existing technologies, traditional inspection devices typically employ external power lines or separate control units, resulting in limited mobility and potential for line wear. Existing technologies often place the drive control unit in a fixed location, failing to respond in real-time to dynamic position changes of moving parts. This solution, however, integrates energy storage and control functions onto the moving slider, shortening the drive control signal transmission path and effectively reducing signal delay. Simultaneously, the modular design enhances the device's vibration resistance on the back of the tilted photovoltaic panel 5.

[0063] Through the above technical solutions, this application solves the risk of power outage for the track-type inspection device in the complex environment behind the photovoltaic panel 5, eliminates the movement jamming caused by line dragging, and achieves millimeter-level accuracy in controlling the start and stop position error of the drive trolley. The real-time feedback mechanism of the built-in circuit control unit ensures that the first drive trolley 122 maintains a uniform speed at different tilt angles of the slide rail, avoiding the impact of speed fluctuations caused by slope changes on detection accuracy.

[0064] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, first slide grooves are provided on both sides of the first slide rail 11, and the first slider 121 is located at the top of the first slide rail 11. The first slider 121 is provided with two first extension arms, which are inserted into the first slide grooves.

[0065] The first groove refers to the groove structure provided along both sides of the first slide rail 11. Specifically, it can be formed by milling on both sides of the slide rail using mechanical processing, and is used to provide constraint on the lateral displacement of the slider. The first extension arm refers to the protrusion extending from the slider body to both sides. Specifically, it can be formed by bending metal sheet, and its end is embedded in the groove to form a sliding fit relationship, and the slider is prevented from disengaging from the slide rail by double-sided limiting.

[0066] Specifically, during the movement of the slider at the top of the first slide rail 11, the two extended arms are always embedded in the side grooves. The sidewalls of the grooves contact the sides of the extended arms, restricting the displacement of the slider in the direction perpendicular to the slide rail axis. When the drive assembly applies a driving force, the slider moves axially along the slide rail, and the side grooves provide continuous guidance to the extended arms, preventing lateral displacement caused by inertia or external vibration. The top mounting method of the slider allows the load of the second drive mechanism 2 to be directly transmitted to the top bearing surface of the slide rail, reducing the risk of torque imbalance caused by the cantilever structure.

[0067] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of easy deviation or derailment during the movement of the slider, ensuring the stability of the drive mechanism when moving long distances on the back side of the photovoltaic array. The matching structure of the slide and the extension arm simplifies the assembly process, improves the reliability of the device under complex working conditions, and provides a stable motion foundation for the back inspection equipment.

[0068] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of this utility model, the second slide rail 21 is connected to the first slider 121, and the second drive assembly 22 includes:

[0069] The second slider 221 is slidably disposed on the second slide rail 21;

[0070] The second drive trolley 222 is located on one side of the second slider 221. The second drive trolley 222 is used to drive the second slider 221 to move. The energy storage control module is used to supply power to the second drive trolley 222 and control the movement of the second drive trolley 222.

[0071] The connection between the second slide rail 21 and the first slider 121 refers to the installation of the second slide rail 21 on the top of the first slider 121 through bolt fixing or a snap-fit ​​structure, so that the movement path of the second slide rail 21 is linked with the displacement of the first slider 121, thereby ensuring that the movement trajectory of the second slide rail 21 on the back side of the photovoltaic array is consistent with the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 5. The second drive trolley 222 refers to a moving device equipped with a drive motor and a reducer, such as a wheeled or tracked structure. Its power output shaft meshes with the side wall of the second slider 221, driving the second slider 221 to slide along the second slide rail 21 through friction or gear transmission. The energy storage control module refers to a functional unit that integrates a lithium battery pack and a control circuit. For example, it can be an intelligent power management system with voltage regulation function, which receives movement commands through a wireless communication module and outputs pulse signals to the drive motor to achieve synchronous control of dual-axis movement.

[0072] Specifically, when the first drive mechanism 1 drives the second slide rail 21 to translate along the back side of the photovoltaic array, the tilt angle of the second slide rail 21 is synchronized with the installation tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 5. The second drive trolley 222 generates traction force through the contact between the drive wheels and the side wall of the second slide rail 21, pushing the second slider 221 to move along the tilt direction. The inspection device 3 scans the back of the photovoltaic panel 5 line by line as the second slider 221 moves. The energy storage control module dynamically adjusts the power supply parameters to match the load demand under different slopes by monitoring the current changes of the first drive trolley 122 and the second drive trolley 222 in real time. At the same time, it uses a preset movement algorithm to coordinate the start and stop sequence of the two drive mechanisms to avoid equipment vibration caused by acceleration differences.

[0073] Compared to existing technologies, traditional photovoltaic inspection devices often employ independently powered moving units for their second drive mechanism 2, resulting in complex wiring and a tendency for insufficient power on inclined tracks. For example, some devices use chain drive structures, which pose a risk of chain tooth breakage when the photovoltaic panel 5 tilts at an angle exceeding 15 degrees. This solution, however, eliminates the impact of transmission backlash on positioning accuracy by directly driving the second drive trolley 222 onto the second slider 221 via a lateral drive method, while maintaining a constant driving force output on inclined tracks. The integrated design of the energy storage control module replaces the traditional separate power supply system, effectively reducing interference from cable entanglement on the moving mechanism.

[0074] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problems of movement stability and energy coordination of the second drive mechanism 2 during the inspection of the back of the photovoltaic panel 5. The rigid connection between the second slide rail 21 and the first slider 121 ensures the consistency between the inclined movement trajectory and the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel 5, avoiding blind spots caused by track angle deviation. The lateral drive mode of the second drive trolley 222 improves the adaptability to the inclined track and prevents power interruption when the slope changes. The synchronous power supply and command transmission function of the energy storage control module realizes the precise coordination of dual-axis movement, enabling the inspection equipment 3 to move stably along the preset path, thereby improving the inspection coverage of key parts such as the junction box and back panel on the back of the photovoltaic panel 5.

[0075] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, second slide grooves are provided on both sides of the second slide rail 21, and the second slider 221 is located at the top of the second slide rail 21. The second slider 221 is provided with two second extension arms, which are inserted into the second slide grooves.

[0076] The second groove refers to a continuous groove structure machined on both sides of the slide rail, which can be achieved through machining or extrusion molding. Its extension direction is parallel to the slide rail body, providing linear guiding constraint for the extension arm. The second extension arm refers to a protruding structure extending from the slider body to both sides, which can be achieved through integral casting or bolt connection. Its cross-sectional shape matches the inner contour of the groove, forming a sliding pair by embedding it into the groove. Top positioning refers to bringing the slider's load-bearing surface into contact with the upper surface of the slide rail. This can be achieved through surface grinding to ensure the flatness of the contact surface, making the slider's gravity direction perpendicular to the slide rail support surface.

[0077] Specifically, the second chute is set along the extension direction of the slide rail, and the two extension arms are respectively embedded in the two side chute to form a double limit. When the second drive trolley 222 drives the second slider 221 to move, the extension arms are in continuous contact with the side wall of the chute, and the lateral component force generated by the tilt of the slide rail is offset by mechanical constraint. The depth of the chute is greater than the embedding length of the extension arms, which ensures both sliding freedom and prevents derailment. The top positioning design allows the weight of the slider to be transmitted to the first drive mechanism 1 through the slide rail support surface, avoiding the generation of overturning moment. This combined structure ensures that the inspection device 3 always moves along the predetermined trajectory when moving on the tilted slide rail, eliminating the detection position offset caused by angular deviation.

[0078] Compared to existing technologies, traditional slide rail slider structures are prone to lateral displacement when operating on inclined tracks, requiring additional guide wheels or electromagnetic locking devices. This solution achieves passive guidance through the interlocking engagement of the slide groove and the extension arm, maintaining movement stability without the need for an additional power unit. In conventional designs, the arrangement of the slider's bottom surface contacting the slide rail's side surface can easily lead to accelerated wear under inclined conditions, while the top contact method optimizes force distribution and reduces frictional losses. The double-slide groove structure improves anti-deviation capability compared to single-sided guidance solutions, adapting to operating environments with larger inclination angles.

[0079] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of trajectory deviation when the slider moves on the inclined track, ensuring the accurate positioning of the inspection equipment 3 in different tilt angle areas on the back of the photovoltaic panel 5. The cooperative structure of the extension arm and the slide simplifies the complexity of the device and avoids the disadvantage of traditional guiding mechanisms requiring regular maintenance. The combination design of top support and double-sided limiting enables the device to maintain stable operation in an inclined state, meeting the positioning accuracy requirements of the inspection operation on the back of the photovoltaic panel 5.

[0080] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of this utility model, the track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device 1000 further includes a third drive mechanism 4, which includes:

[0081] Fixture 41, which is connected to the second slider 221;

[0082] An electric push rod 42 is mounted on a fixed frame 41 and is oriented toward the photovoltaic panel 5. An inspection device 3 is mounted on the drive shaft of the electric push rod 42.

[0083] The fixed frame 41 refers to the support structure rigidly connected to the second slider 221. Specifically, it can be formed by welding a metal frame and fixedly connected to the second slider 221 by bolt fastening. This structure allows the third drive mechanism 4 to inherit the tilt angle of the second slide rail 21, ensuring that the inspection equipment 3 and the back of the photovoltaic panel 5 maintain a parallel movement trajectory.

[0084] The electric push rod 42 refers to a linear motion actuator, which can be implemented using a ball screw structure driven by a servo motor, with a built-in displacement sensor providing real-time feedback on the push rod's stroke. This device drives the inspection equipment 3 to move along the normal direction of the photovoltaic panel 5 via axial linear motion, achieving precise adjustment of the inspection distance.

[0085] Specifically, when the second slider 221 carries the inspection device 3 along the inclined second slide rail 21, the rigid connection between the fixing frame 41 and the second slider 221 ensures that the axis of the electric push rod 42 is always perpendicular to the back plane of the photovoltaic panel 5. During the inspection, if a protruding structure such as a junction box or cable connection is detected, the electric push rod 42 can drive the inspection device 3 to move in a direction perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel 5, maintaining an appropriate inspection distance between the inspection module and the inspected part. When there is a positional deviation in the installation of the photovoltaic panel 5, the stroke of the electric push rod 42 can automatically compensate for the deviation, ensuring that the inspection module maintains an effective contact distance with the back of the photovoltaic panel 5. For concealed cable joints, the electric push rod 42 can push the inspection module 33 close to the predetermined inspection distance, avoiding insufficient image resolution due to excessive shooting distance.

[0086] Compared to existing technologies, traditional photovoltaic panel backside inspection equipment typically uses fixed mounting brackets, making it impossible to adjust the inspection distance according to the structural characteristics of the inspected area. While some improved solutions incorporate adjustable brackets, they rely on manual adjustment or complex multi-joint robotic arm structures, resulting in low adjustment efficiency and poor positioning accuracy. This solution achieves precise single-degree-of-freedom adjustment through the axial movement of a linear push rod, simplifying the mechanical structure while maintaining adjustment accuracy.

[0087] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves active adjustment of the detection distance between the inspection device 3 and the back of the photovoltaic panel 5, which can adapt to different installation tilt angles and back structural features of the photovoltaic panel 5, and solves the problem of blind spots caused by fixed installation of traditional inspection equipment. When there is an installation error in the photovoltaic panel 5, it can automatically compensate for the positional deviation, ensuring that the inspection module is always within the effective working distance range, and improving the inspection accuracy of key parts such as back wiring connections and junction boxes.

[0088] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of this utility model, the inspection device 3 includes:

[0089] Mounting platform 31 is connected to the drive shaft of electric push rod 42;

[0090] Sliding bar 32 is located at the bottom of the mounting platform 31 and is slidably connected to the fixing frame 41;

[0091] Inspection module 33 is installed on the mounting platform 31.

[0092] The mounting platform 31 is a flat base that supports the testing instrument. It can be implemented using a metal plate with bolt holes, used to transmit the vertical movement of the electric push rod 42 to the inspection module 33. The sliding bar 32 is a guide component that forms a sliding constraint. It can be implemented using a T-shaped aluminum alloy profile, with a groove at its bottom forming a sliding pair with the protruding rail on the mounting bracket 41 to suppress lateral displacement of the equipment. The inspection module 33 is a device that integrates testing functions. It can be implemented using a detachable snap-on mounting base for fixing testing instruments such as visible light cameras or infrared thermal imagers.

[0093] Specifically, when the electric push rod 42 drives the mounting platform 31 to rise and fall vertically, the sliding bar 32 slides along the track of the fixed frame 41 to form a lateral constraint, eliminating the lateral offset caused by the tilting movement of the second slide rail 21. The mounting platform 31 remains horizontal during the rising and falling process, so that the inspection module 33 maintains a constant detection distance from the back of the photovoltaic panel 5.

[0094] Compared to existing technologies, traditional inspection equipment typically mounts the testing instruments directly at the end of the push rod, lacking a lateral constraint mechanism, resulting in significant vibration during oblique movement. Existing sliding guide devices often employ roller structures, leading to positioning deviations due to gaps during vertical lifting. This solution utilizes a planar contact guide between the sliding bar 32 and the fixed frame 41, achieving both vertical movement and bidirectional constraint, thus resolving the equipment vibration problem caused by multi-degree-of-freedom motion coupling.

[0095] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively suppresses the lateral vibration generated when the inspection device moves on the inclined track, thus meeting the stability requirements of high-precision inspection operations.

[0096] In one embodiment of this utility model, the inspection module 33 includes:

[0097] Visible light camera; and / or

[0098] Infrared thermal imager; and / or

[0099] Ultrasonic testing instrument.

[0100] Among them, the visible light camera refers to the detection device that captures the surface condition of the back of the photovoltaic panel 5 through optical imaging. Specifically, it can be implemented using a CMOS imaging module with LED supplementary lighting, which is used to identify visible defects such as back panel cracks, stains, and exposed circuits.

[0101] Infrared thermal imagers are detection devices that generate temperature distribution images by receiving thermal radiation from objects. Specifically, they can be implemented using uncooled microbolometers to detect abnormal hot spots caused by local overheating of junction boxes or microcracks in battery cells.

[0102] Among them, the ultrasonic testing instrument refers to the testing device that analyzes the reflected signal by emitting high-frequency sound waves. Specifically, it can be implemented using a pulse echo ultrasonic probe and is used to detect structural defects such as backplate delamination and loose internal connectors.

[0103] Specifically, a visible light camera, by adjusting its focus and light intensity, acquires high-resolution images of the backsheet surface, capable of identifying minute cracks as small as 0.5mm. An infrared thermal imager scans the junction box area without contact, triggering an alarm when the detected temperature exceeds a set threshold, such as 65℃, effectively identifying potential overheating hazards caused by poor contact. An ultrasonic detector emits sound waves at a preset frequency, such as 5MHz, and analyzes the characteristics of the sound wave reflection signals in the backsheet material to determine the presence of internal cavities or delamination. Through data fusion processing, these three detection devices can cover the detection needs for physical defects, thermal anomalies, and structural damage in three key areas: the backsheet of the photovoltaic panel, the junction box, and the wiring.

[0104] Compared to existing technologies, traditional inspection methods rely solely on a single optical detection method, failing to detect defects hidden within the back panel or thermal anomalies that haven't yet left visible traces. This solution, through the combined application of multimodal detection devices, expands the types of defects detected from a single surface to internal structures and thermodynamic anomalies while maintaining detection efficiency, increasing detection coverage by over 70%. The "and / or" configuration of the detection modules allows for the selection of the optimal combination based on the characteristics of the power plant environment; for example, in areas with strong electromagnetic interference, only ultrasonic detection can be used to avoid accidental triggering of electronic equipment.

[0105] Through the above technical solutions, this application can simultaneously identify multiple types of defects on the back of the photovoltaic panel 5, such as surface contamination, junction box overheating, and backsheet delamination, solving the problem of missed detection of non-visible defects by traditional inspection methods. The time-synchronous acquisition of visible light and infrared data can establish a spatial correspondence between defect locations, improving fault location accuracy. The ability of ultrasonic testing to penetrate the backsheet material effectively detects internal structural damage that conventional visual inspection cannot identify, avoiding component performance degradation caused by latent defects.

[0106] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the first driving trolley 122 is provided with first driving wheels on both sides and the first driving wheels are disposed in the first sliding groove, and the second driving trolley 222 is provided with second driving wheels on both sides and the second driving wheels are disposed in the second sliding groove.

[0107] The first drive wheel refers to the rolling component installed on both sides of the first drive trolley 122 and cooperating with the first slide groove. Specifically, it can be a rubber wheel with anti-slip texture, achieving guidance and power transmission through contact with the inner wall of the first slide groove. The second drive wheel refers to the rolling component installed on both sides of the second drive trolley 222 and cooperating with the second slide groove. Specifically, it can be a metal wheel with a wear-resistant coating, forming double-sided constraints within the inclined second slide groove. The first slide groove refers to the guide structure extending along both sides of the first slide rail 11, specifically a U-shaped cross-section channel, used to limit the lateral displacement of the first drive wheel. The second slide groove refers to the guide structure extending along both sides of the second slide rail 21, specifically an inverted trapezoidal cross-section channel, used to maintain the contact pressure distribution of the second drive wheel within the inclined track.

[0108] Specifically, when the first drive trolley 122 moves along the first slide rail 11, the first drive wheels on both sides simultaneously embed into the first slide groove. The continuous contact between the wheel rims and the groove walls creates a bidirectional constraint, eliminating any tendency for horizontal offset. When the second drive trolley 222 moves along the inclined second slide rail 21, the second drive wheels on both sides embed into the second slide groove at a preset angle. Under the influence of gravity, a self-centering effect is achieved, while the dual-point contact between the wheel body and the bottom of the groove maintains vertical positioning accuracy. This nested structure of double-sided drive wheels and slide grooves maintains the stability of the drive mechanism's motion trajectory under complex spatial postures.

[0109] Compared to existing technologies, traditional inspection devices typically employ single-sided drive or planar track designs for their drive wheels, which are prone to uneven wheel-rail contact pressure and slippage on inclined tracks. This solution utilizes the nested cooperation of dual-sided drive wheels with corresponding grooves to create a symmetrical distribution of constraint forces at the inclined angle, effectively overcoming the lateral force interference caused by non-horizontal tracks.

[0110] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves stable operation of the drive mechanism on the tilted back side of the photovoltaic panel 5, ensuring that the inspection equipment 3 can move accurately along the preset trajectory. The cooperative structure of the dual-side drive wheels and the slide groove effectively suppresses the motion deviation caused by the track tilt, solves the problem of insufficient positioning accuracy of traditional devices in complex spatial postures, and provides a reliable mobile foundation for back-side inspection operations.

[0111] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device, characterized in that, The track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device is located on one side of the back of the photovoltaic panel, and the track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device includes: A first driving mechanism, comprising a first slide rail and a first driving component, wherein the first slide rail extends along the back side of the photovoltaic array and is arranged parallel to the photovoltaic array; The second driving mechanism includes a second slide rail and a second driving component. The second slide rail is slidably disposed on the first slide rail and is perpendicular to the first slide rail. The second slide rail is tilted and the tilt angle is consistent with the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel. The first driving component is used to drive the second slide rail to move along the back side of the photovoltaic array. An inspection device is connected to a second drive assembly, which drives the inspection device to move along the extension direction of the second slide rail. The inspection device is used to inspect the back of the photovoltaic panel.

2. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving component includes: A first slider is slidably disposed on the first slide rail; A first driving trolley is located on one side of the first slider and is used to drive the first slider to move.

3. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first drive component includes an energy storage control module, which is connected to the first slider and is used to supply power to the first drive vehicle and control the movement of the first drive vehicle.

4. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first slide rail has first grooves on both sides, the first slider is located at the top of the first slide rail, and the first slider has two first extension arms that are inserted into the first grooves.

5. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The second slide rail is connected to the first slider, and the second drive component includes: The second slider is slidably disposed on the second slide rail; The second drive trolley is located on one side of the second slider and is used to drive the second slider to move. The energy storage control module is used to supply power to the second drive trolley and control the movement of the second drive trolley.

6. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second slide rail has second slide grooves on both sides, the second slider is located at the top of the second slide rail, and the second slider has two second extension arms that are inserted into the second slide grooves.

7. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The track-mounted photovoltaic array adaptive inspection device further includes a third drive mechanism, which includes: A fixing frame is connected to the second slider; An electric actuator is mounted on the fixed frame and is oriented toward the photovoltaic panel. The inspection device is mounted on the drive shaft of the electric actuator.

8. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The inspection equipment includes: Mounting platform, which is connected to the drive shaft of the electric push rod; A sliding bar is provided at the bottom of the mounting platform and is slidably connected to the fixing frame; An inspection module is mounted on the mounting platform.

9. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The inspection module includes: Visible light camera; and / or Infrared thermal imager; and / or Ultrasonic testing instrument.

10. The adaptive inspection device for a track-mounted photovoltaic array as described in any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, The first driving trolley has a first driving wheel on both sides, and the first driving wheel is located in the first slide groove. The second driving trolley has a second driving wheel on both sides, and the second driving wheel is located in the second slide groove.

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