Decomposition system suitable for single-glass and double-glass type photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic recovery, and particularly relates to a decomposition system suitable for a single-glass and double-glass type photovoltaic module. Comprising a stacking feeding machine, a first belt conveyor, a first cleaning machine, a first air dryer, a frame prying machine, a second belt conveyor, a first heating furnace, a first glass removing machine, an overturning machine, a second heating furnace, a second glass removing machine, a second cleaning machine, a second air dryer, a stainless steel mesh belt conveying belt, a third heating furnace, a back plate removing machine, a feeding machine and a cracking furnace which are sequentially and tightly arranged from left to right. Through reasonable layout and design, the waste crystal silicon photovoltaic module decomposition device can be suitable for intelligent automatic decomposition of waste crystal silicon photovoltaic modules, and is high in decomposition efficiency, good in decomposition effect and better in overall use.

Description

A decomposition system suitable for single- and double-glass photovoltaic modules Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic recycling technology, specifically relating to a decomposition system suitable for single and double glass photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are the core components of solar power generation systems. Common photovoltaic modules are of two types: single-glass and double-glass. With the increasing application of photovoltaic module products, more and more waste photovoltaic module products are also being generated. By properly decomposing and recycling photovoltaic modules, we can not only protect the environment, but also avoid resource waste and reduce the production costs of enterprises through reuse.

[0003] Existing single- and double-glass photovoltaic modules generally include frames, glass, silicon wafers, and wires. Currently, the recycling and processing of waste photovoltaic modules typically includes methods such as chemical decomposition, physical separation, and thermal decomposition. However, existing photovoltaic module decomposition lines have inadequate functional module settings, are scattered and not compact, and require manual loading, transfer, and decomposition operations in some areas. The level of automation is low, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in low decomposition efficiency. Further design improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a decomposition system suitable for single- and double-glass photovoltaic modules. Through reasonable layout and design, this decomposition system can be used for the intelligent and automatic decomposition of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, with high decomposition efficiency, good decomposition effect, and excellent overall performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a decomposition system suitable for single and double-glass photovoltaic modules, comprising a stacker and feeder, a belt conveyor, a cleaning machine, a drying machine, a frame prying machine, a belt conveyor, a heating furnace, a glass removal machine, a turning machine, a heating furnace, a glass removal machine, a cleaning machine, a drying machine, a stainless steel mesh conveyor, a heating furnace, a backsheet removal machine, a feeder, and a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the stacker and feeder, belt conveyor, cleaning machine, drying machine, frame prying machine, belt conveyor, heating furnace, glass removal machine, turning machine, heating furnace, glass removal machine, cleaning machine, drying machine, stainless steel mesh conveyor, heating furnace, backsheet removal machine, feeder, and pyrolysis furnace are arranged sequentially from left to right.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the decomposition system applicable to single and double glass photovoltaic modules of this utility model, the right side of the air dryer and the left side of the frame prying machine are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the decomposition system for single and double glass photovoltaic modules according to this utility model, the right side of the glass removal machine and the left side of the flipping machine are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the decomposition system for single and double glass photovoltaic modules according to this utility model, the right side of the backsheet removal machine and the left side of the feeding machine are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the decomposition system for single and double glass photovoltaic modules according to this utility model, the output end of the feeder is connected to the input end of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0011] This utility model includes, from left to right, a stacker feeder, a belt conveyor, a cleaning machine, a drying machine, a frame prying machine, a belt conveyor, a heating furnace, a glass removal machine, a turning machine, a heating furnace, a glass removal machine, a cleaning machine, a drying machine, a stainless steel mesh conveyor, a heating furnace, a back panel removal machine, a feeder, and a pyrolysis furnace, arranged in close order.

[0012] This decomposition system, through its rational layout and design, is suitable for the intelligent and automatic decomposition of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. It is compatible with the separation and processing of both single-glass and double-glass crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. The silicon and glass decomposed by this system have higher purity than those processed by conventional methods, resulting in higher economic value. The system is suitable for continuous, large-scale industrial decomposition of photovoltaic modules. Each functional module is equipped with a dedicated logistics docking device, allowing for easy and convenient automatic transfer of photovoltaic modules sequentially to each module. The system only requires the waste photovoltaic modules to be decomposed at the initial loading station (stacker). After decomposition, the modules are automatically broken down into glass-free frames, high-purity glass, high-purity silicon wafers, and wires. The system is environmentally friendly, producing no toxic waste, and is of superior overall performance. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the stacker loading machine of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the belt conveyor of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the cleaning machine of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the air dryer of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the frame-prying machine structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the belt conveyor of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the heating furnace of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the glass removal machine of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the tilting machine structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the heating furnace of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the glass removal machine of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the cleaning machine of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the air dryer of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the stainless steel mesh conveyor belt structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the three structures of the heating furnace of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the backboard removal machine of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the feeding machine structure of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the pyrolysis furnace structure of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 20 is a flowchart of this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Stacker; 2. Belt conveyor 1; 3. Washing machine 1; 4. Dryer 1; 5. Edge trimmer; 6. Belt conveyor 2; 7. Heating furnace 1; 8. Glass removal machine 1; 9. Turning machine; 10. Heating furnace 2; 11. Glass removal machine 2; 12. Washing machine 2; 13. Dryer 2; 14. Stainless steel mesh conveyor belt; 15. Heating furnace 3; 16. Back panel removal machine; 17. Feeder; 18. Pyrolysis furnace. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. Embodiments

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-20. This utility model provides the following technical solution: A decomposition system suitable for single and double glass photovoltaic modules, comprising, from left to right, a stacking and loading machine 1, a belt conveyor 2, a cleaning machine 3, a drying machine 4, a frame prying machine 5, a belt conveyor 6, a heating furnace 7, a glass removal machine 8, a flipping machine 9, a heating furnace 10, a glass removal machine 11, a cleaning machine 12, a drying machine 13, a stainless steel mesh conveyor belt 14, a heating furnace 3 15, a backsheet removal machine 16, a loading machine 17, and a pyrolysis furnace 18.

[0037] Furthermore, the right side of the air dryer 4 is fixedly connected to the left side of the frame prying machine 5 by bolts;

[0038] The right side of the glass removal machine 8 is fixedly connected to the left side of the tilting machine 9 by bolts;

[0039] The right side of the back panel removal machine 16 is fixedly connected to the left side of the feeding machine 17 by bolts;

[0040] The output end of the feeder 17 is connected to the input end of the pyrolysis furnace 18.

[0041] In this implementation plan: the decomposition system, through reasonable layout and design, can be applied to the intelligent automatic decomposition of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules;

[0042] This separation system is compatible with the separation and processing of both single-glass and double-glass crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules;

[0043] The silicon and glass processed by this decomposition system have higher purity than those processed by conventional methods, resulting in higher economic value. This decomposition system is suitable for continuous, large-scale industrial decomposition of photovoltaic modules.

[0044] Each functional module of the decomposition system is equipped with a dedicated logistics docking device, which can easily and conveniently automatically transfer photovoltaic modules to each functional module in sequence.

[0045] The decomposition system only requires the waste photovoltaic modules to be decomposed to be put into the front-end loading station, namely the stacker loading machine 1. After being decomposed by the decomposition system, they can be automatically decomposed into glass-free frames, high-purity glass, high-purity silicon wafers, and wires.

[0046] The decomposition system is environmentally friendly and produces no toxic waste, making it an excellent overall solution.

[0047] The usage process and working principle of this utility model are as follows: During the feeding process, manual or intelligent handling equipment places the waste photovoltaic modules onto the feeding station of the stacker feeder 1 as required.

[0048] The aluminum frame around the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic module is pried off using the frame prying machine 5. At the same time, broken glass and structural adhesive used for bonding are removed from the groove of the frame. The removed aluminum frame is collected in a centralized manner to facilitate the overall recycling later.

[0049] Waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules are heated in heating furnace 7. Different heating temperatures are selected according to different adhesive materials. Heating softens the adhesive film layer that bonds tempered glass and crystalline silicon cells. The heating temperature for EVA type adhesive materials is 100-130℃, and the preferred heating temperature is 110℃.

[0050] The glass on the lower surface of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic module is removed by the glass removal machine 18, and the glass is collected. During the process, the photovoltaic module is kept warm to ensure the module temperature.

[0051] The photovoltaic modules are rotated 180° using the flipping machine 9, so that the plastic back panel of the single-glass photovoltaic module faces down, or the other glass of the double-glass photovoltaic module faces down. During the process, the photovoltaic modules are insulated to ensure the module temperature.

[0052] The glass removal machine removes the other side of the double-glass photovoltaic module (single-glass photovoltaic modules are directly conveyed to the next station and skip this operation when they are at this station). The glass removal equipment can intelligently identify double-glass or single-glass photovoltaic modules. When the photovoltaic module being processed is a single-glass photovoltaic module, the equipment automatically releases it without processing it. During the processing, the photovoltaic module is kept warm to ensure the module temperature.

[0053] The glass photovoltaic module is removed and conveyed into the cleaning machine 212 for heating and ultrasonic cleaning. When the adhesive material is EVA, the preferred temperature is 85°C.

[0054] The front and back of the photovoltaic module are cleaned by using high-pressure hot water and a hard brush to remove any remaining glass shards. The preferred temperature for the hot water is 85℃.

[0055] The washed photovoltaic modules are dried using air dryer 213;

[0056] The photovoltaic modules are heated in heating furnace 315 to further soften the adhesive material. The temperature range is 120℃-180℃. When the adhesive material is EVA, the recommended heating temperature is 150℃.

[0057] The backsheet of a single-glass photovoltaic module is removed by the backsheet removal machine 16. The crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell with encapsulant film is then conveyed to the next station (the double-glass crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell with encapsulant film is directly conveyed to the next station at this station, skipping this operation). The backsheet removal equipment can intelligently identify double-glass or single-glass photovoltaic modules. When the photovoltaic module being processed is a double-glass photovoltaic module, the equipment automatically releases it and does not process the photovoltaic module.

[0058] The bonding material is pyrolyzed and vaporized by heating in pyrolysis furnace 18. The solid mixture silicon wafer and wires are then conveyed to the next station. The temperature range is 450℃-600℃. When the bonding material is EVA, the preferred pyrolysis temperature is 550℃.

[0059] Based on the different physical forms of the solid mixture, the solid mixture is sieved to obtain pure silicon wafers and wires.

[0060] In addition, all content not described in detail in this embodiment falls within the scope of existing technology and common knowledge.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A decomposition system suitable for single- or double-glass photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The system includes a stacker feeder (1), a belt conveyor (2), a washing machine (3), a drying machine (4), a frame trimmer (5), a belt conveyor (6), a heating furnace (7), a glass removal machine (8), a turning machine (9), a heating furnace (10), a glass removal machine (11), a washing machine (12), a drying machine (13), a stainless steel mesh conveyor (14), a heating furnace (3) (15), a back panel removal machine (16), a feeder (17), and a pyrolysis furnace (18). The following equipment is arranged from left to right: stacker (1), belt conveyor (2), cleaning machine (3), air dryer (4), frame prying machine (5), belt conveyor (6), heating furnace (7), glass removal machine (8), turning machine (9), heating furnace (10), glass removal machine (11), cleaning machine (12), air dryer (13), stainless steel mesh conveyor (14), heating furnace (3) (15), back panel removal machine (16), feeder (17), and pyrolysis furnace (18).

2. The decomposition system for single- or double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the air dryer (4) is fixedly connected to the left side of the frame prying machine (5) by bolts.

3. A disassembly system suitable for single and double glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the deglassing machine (8) is fixedly connected to the left side of the flipping machine (9) by bolts.

4. The decomposition system for single- or double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the back panel removal machine (16) is fixedly connected to the left side of the feeding machine (17) by bolts.

5. The decomposition system for single- or double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the feeder (17) is connected to the input end of the pyrolysis furnace (18).

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