Extrusion die and extrusion equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses an extrusion die and extrusion equipment, and relates to the technical field of metal extrusion forming. The extrusion die comprises a die body, the die body is provided with a runner, an inlet and an outlet are formed in the two ends of the runner respectively, an extruded material enters from the inlet and is extruded from the outlet, the runner comprises a shrinkage cavity and a sizing cavity, the shrinkage cavity is located in front of the sizing cavity, and the area of the cross section of the shrinkage cavity in the extrusion direction of the extruded material is gradually reduced. The inner wall of the shrinkage cavity is provided with a protruding part protruding towards the central axis direction of the shrinkage cavity, the protruding part extends in the extrusion direction of the extruded material, and the cross section of the shrinkage cavity is in a concave edge shape through the protruding part, so that when the extruded material passes through the shrinkage cavity, the flowing direction can move transversely under the action of the protruding part, multi-direction shearing is provided, and the extrusion efficiency is improved. And large deformation is generated, so that coarse second-phase particles are crushed or uniform solid solution is achieved, the microstructure regulation and control capacity is high, and the problem of incomplete edge filling caused by insufficient materials is solved.

Description

Extrusion dies and extrusion equipment Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metal extrusion molding technology, and in particular to an extrusion die and extrusion equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Continuous extrusion technology is a relatively new technology in metal extrusion forming. The principle of continuous extrusion is as follows: a metal billet is fed into the groove of a continuously rotating extrusion roller. A pressure roller is positioned above the extrusion roller, pressing the metal billet. Under the action of friction, the metal billet is drawn into an extrusion chamber enclosed by the extrusion roller, extrusion shoe, and end cap. The continuous entry of the metal billet into the extrusion chamber generates high pressure. The continuous rotation of the extrusion roller rubs against the metal billet within the extrusion chamber, causing plastic deformation. Simultaneously, friction generates heat, raising the temperature of the metal billet. Under the action of high temperature, high pressure, and friction, the metal billet softens and is fully mixed, forming a semi-molten state, which is then extruded from the die in the extrusion chamber. The extruded material is then formed into products of specific shapes through an extrusion die.

[0003] In the prior art, the extrusion die has a flow channel, with the two ends of the flow channel being the inlet and outlet, respectively. The extruded material enters through the inlet and is extruded through the outlet. The flow channel includes a sizing section, the cross-sectional shape of which is the same as the required cross-sectional shape of the product. The sizing section is used to form products of a specific shape. The flow channel may also include a contraction section located in front of the sizing zone, which is typically a tapered flow channel with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area.

[0004] In the aforementioned prior art, the conical flow structure of the shrinkage section is relatively simple, and the cross-section is usually elliptical, circular, or square with rounded corners. When the extruded material passes through the shrinkage section, the flow direction is only forward, lacking a multi-directional shearing mechanism, making it difficult to generate a large amount of deformation. This not only makes it difficult to break up coarse second-phase particles or achieve uniform solid solution, but also results in weak microstructure control capabilities. Furthermore, insufficient material may lead to incomplete edge filling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an extrusion die and extrusion equipment to solve the problem that the conical flow structure of the shrinkage section is relatively simple, and the cross-section is usually elliptical, circular or square with rounded corners. When the extruded material passes through the shrinkage section, the flow direction is only forward, lacking a multi-directional shearing mechanism, making it difficult to generate a large amount of deformation. This not only makes it difficult to break up coarse second-phase particles or achieve uniform solid solution, but also results in weak microstructure control ability. Furthermore, insufficient material may lead to incomplete edge filling.

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides an extrusion die, including a die body, the die body having a flow channel, the two ends of the flow channel being an inlet and an outlet respectively, the extruded material entering through the inlet and being extruded through the outlet, the flow channel including a shrinkage cavity and a sizing cavity, the shrinkage cavity being located in front of the sizing cavity, the cross-sectional area of ​​the shrinkage cavity gradually decreasing along the extrusion direction of the extruded material, the inner wall of the shrinkage cavity having a protrusion protruding towards the central axis of the shrinkage cavity, the protrusion extending along the extrusion direction of the extruded material, the protrusion making the cross-sectional shape of the shrinkage cavity concave.

[0007] In one embodiment, the protrusion has a convex surface protruding toward the central axis, and the angle of inclination of the convex surface relative to the central axis is greater than the angle of inclination of the inner wall surface relative to the central axis.

[0008] In one embodiment, the convex surface is tilted at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees relative to the central axis.

[0009] In one embodiment, the inner wall surface is tilted at an angle of 6 to 15 degrees relative to the central axis.

[0010] In one embodiment, the number of protrusions is two, and the two protrusions are arranged opposite to each other.

[0011] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the contraction cavity is dumbbell-shaped.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the sizing cavity is circular, elliptical, square, or square with rounded corners.

[0013] In one embodiment, the flow channel further includes an expansion cavity located before the contraction cavity, the cross-section of which gradually increases along the extrusion direction of the extruded material.

[0014] Secondly, this utility model also provides an extrusion device, including the extrusion die of any of the above embodiments.

[0015] In one embodiment, the extrusion device further includes an extrusion wheel and an extrusion wheel shoe. The extrusion wheel is provided with an extrusion wheel groove, and the extrusion wheel shoe is provided with a plug corresponding to the extrusion wheel groove. The extrusion wheel groove, the extrusion wheel shoe, and the plug form an extrusion cavity. The extrusion die is connected to the extrusion wheel shoe, and the extrusion cavity is connected to the inlet.

[0016] Implementing the embodiments of this utility model will have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The extrusion die and extrusion equipment of this invention allow the extruded material to enter through the inlet and be extruded through the outlet. The shrinkage chamber is located in front of the sizing chamber, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the shrinkage chamber gradually decreases along the extrusion direction of the extruded material. The inner wall of the shrinkage chamber has a protrusion protruding towards the central axis of the shrinkage chamber. The protrusion extends along the extrusion direction of the extruded material, making the cross-sectional shape of the shrinkage chamber concave. In this way, when the extruded material passes through the shrinkage chamber, the flow direction will move laterally under the action of the protrusion, providing multi-directional shear and generating a large amount of deformation, thereby breaking up coarse second-phase particles or uniformly solidifying them. It has a strong ability to control the microstructure. At the same time, the lateral movement allows the extruded material to fully fill the edges, preventing the problem of incomplete edge filling due to insufficient material. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] in:

[0020] Figure 1 is an isometric view of the extrusion die in one embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 is a first side view of the extrusion die shown in Figure 1.

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion die in the AA direction shown in Figure 2.

[0023] Figure 4 is a second side view of the extrusion die shown in Figure 1.

[0024] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion die in the BB direction shown in Figure 4.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 1. Mold body; 11. Flow channel; 111. Shrinkage cavity; 1111. Inner wall; 112. Sizing cavity; 113. Protrusion; 1131. Convex surface; 12. Inlet; 13. Outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 for a description of the extrusion die provided by this utility model. The extrusion die is used in extrusion equipment.

[0033] The extrusion die includes a die body 1, which has a flow channel 11. The two ends of the flow channel 11 are an inlet 12 and an outlet 13, respectively. The extruded material enters through the inlet 12 and is extruded through the outlet 13. The flow channel 11 includes a shrinkage cavity 111 and a sizing cavity 112. The shrinkage cavity 111 is located in front of the sizing cavity 112. The cross-sectional area of ​​the shrinkage cavity 111 gradually decreases along the extrusion direction of the extruded material. The inner wall 1111 of the shrinkage cavity 111 has a protrusion 113 protruding towards the central axis of the shrinkage cavity 111. The protrusion 113 extends along the extrusion direction of the extruded material, and the protrusion 113 makes the cross-sectional shape of the shrinkage cavity 111 concave.

[0034] It is understood that the extruded material of the extrusion die enters through inlet 12 and is extruded through outlet 13. The shrinkage cavity 111 is located in front of the sizing cavity 112. The cross-sectional area of ​​the shrinkage cavity 111 gradually decreases along the extrusion direction of the extruded material. The inner wall 1111 of the shrinkage cavity 111 has a protrusion 113 protruding towards the central axis of the shrinkage cavity 111. The protrusion 113 extends along the extrusion direction of the extruded material. The protrusion 113 makes the cross-sectional shape of the shrinkage cavity 111 concave. In this way, when the extruded material passes through the shrinkage cavity 111, the flow direction will move laterally due to the action of the protrusion 113, providing multi-directional shear and generating a large amount of deformation, thereby breaking up coarse second-phase particles or uniformly solidifying and dissolving them. It has a strong ability to control the microstructure. At the same time, the lateral movement allows the extruded material to fully fill the edge, and there is no problem of incomplete edge filling due to insufficient material.

[0035] It should be noted that the extrusion die of this invention can be used in continuous extrusion equipment or in traditional extrusion equipment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the protrusion 113 has a convex surface 1131 protruding towards the central axis, and the inclination angle of the convex surface 1131 relative to the central axis is greater than the inclination angle of the inner wall 1111 surface relative to the central axis. This allows the location of the protrusion 113 to slow down the forward movement of the material and cause the material to move laterally, thereby preventing incomplete material filling in thin-walled areas.

[0037] Furthermore, the tilt angle of the convex surface 1131 relative to the central axis is between 15 degrees and 45 degrees. Specifically, the tilt angle of the convex surface 1131 relative to the central axis is 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, 40 degrees, or 45 degrees. In this way, the edge flow lag problem is solved through inclined surface acceleration and path optimization, which is especially suitable for hollow and thin-walled profiles.

[0038] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the inner wall 1111 surface relative to the central axis is between 6 and 15 degrees. Specifically, the inclination angle of the inner wall 1111 surface relative to the central axis is 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 degrees. This accelerates the flow velocity at the edge location and balances the material flow distribution between the center and edge of the contraction cavity 111.

[0039] Furthermore, there are two protrusions 113, and the two protrusions 113 are arranged opposite to each other. In this way, the flow rate of the material can be balanced.

[0040] Of course, there can be multiple protrusions 113, and the position of the protrusions 113 can be determined according to the cross-sectional shape of the product.

[0041] Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the shrinkage cavity 111 is dumbbell-shaped, with the two ends of the dumbbell having circular or elliptical cross-sectional shapes and the middle part of the dumbbell being square, which improves the smoothness of the extrusion channel, reduces frictional resistance, and facilitates the extrusion of the extruded material.

[0042] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 3, and 5, the cross-sectional shape of the sizing cavity 112 is circular, elliptical, square, or square with rounded corners. This allows for a variety of product shapes to be extruded from the sizing cavity 112.

[0043] In one embodiment, the flow channel 11 further includes an expansion cavity located before the contraction cavity 111, the cross-section of which gradually increases along the extrusion direction of the extruded material. By providing the expansion cavity, the material flow state can be optimized, the pressure distribution can be controlled, and stable conditions can be created for the subsequent contraction process.

[0044] This utility model also provides an extrusion device, including the extrusion die of any of the above embodiments.

[0045] It is understood that the extrusion equipment of this utility model uses the above-mentioned extrusion die, so that the extruded material of the extrusion die enters through the inlet 12 and is extruded through the outlet 13. The shrinkage cavity 111 is located in front of the sizing cavity 112. The cross-sectional area of ​​the shrinkage cavity 111 gradually decreases along the extrusion direction of the extruded material. The inner wall 1111 of the shrinkage cavity 111 has a protrusion 113 protruding towards the central axis of the shrinkage cavity 111. The protrusion 113 extends along the extrusion direction of the extruded material. The protrusion 113 makes the cross-sectional shape of the shrinkage cavity 111 concave. In this way, when the extruded material passes through the shrinkage cavity 111, the flow direction will move laterally due to the action of the protrusion 113, providing multi-directional shear and generating a large amount of deformation, thereby breaking up coarse second-phase particles or uniformly solidifying and dissolving them. It has strong microstructure control capability and will not have the problem of incomplete edge filling due to insufficient material.

[0046] In this embodiment, the extrusion equipment further includes an extrusion roller and an extrusion roller shoe. The extrusion roller has an extrusion roller groove, and the extrusion roller shoe has a plug corresponding to the extrusion roller groove. The extrusion roller groove, the extrusion roller shoe, and the plug form an extrusion cavity. The extrusion die is connected to the extrusion roller shoe, and the extrusion cavity is connected to the inlet 12. In this way, the extrusion die can continuously extrude profiles.

[0047] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0048] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An extrusion die, characterized in that, The device includes a mold body with a flow channel. The two ends of the flow channel are an inlet and an outlet, respectively. Extruded material enters through the inlet and is extruded through the outlet. The flow channel includes a shrinkage cavity and a sizing cavity. The shrinkage cavity is located in front of the sizing cavity. The cross-sectional area of ​​the shrinkage cavity gradually decreases along the extrusion direction of the extruded material. The inner wall of the shrinkage cavity has a protrusion protruding towards the central axis of the shrinkage cavity. The protrusion extends along the extrusion direction of the extruded material, and the protrusion makes the cross-sectional shape of the shrinkage cavity concave.

2. The extrusion die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion has a convex surface that protrudes toward the central axis, and the angle of inclination of the convex surface relative to the central axis is greater than the angle of inclination of the inner wall surface relative to the central axis.

3. The extrusion die according to claim 2, characterized in that, The convex surface is tilted at an angle of 15 degrees to 45 degrees relative to the central axis.

4. The extrusion die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the inner wall surface relative to the central axis is 6 to 15 degrees.

5. The extrusion die according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The number of protrusions is two, and the two protrusions are arranged opposite to each other.

6. The extrusion die according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the contraction cavity is dumbbell-shaped.

7. The extrusion die according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the sizing cavity is circular, elliptical, square, or square with rounded corners.

8. The extrusion die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel also includes an expansion cavity, which is located before the contraction cavity, and the cross-section of the expansion cavity gradually increases along the extrusion direction of the extruded material.

9. An extrusion apparatus, characterized in that, Including the extrusion die as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The extrusion equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The extrusion equipment also includes an extrusion wheel and an extrusion wheel shoe. The extrusion wheel is provided with an extrusion wheel groove, and the extrusion wheel shoe is provided with a plug corresponding to the extrusion wheel groove. The extrusion wheel groove, the extrusion wheel shoe, and the plug form an extrusion cavity. The extrusion die is connected to the extrusion wheel shoe, and the extrusion cavity is connected to the inlet.

Images