High-precision lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle traction, and particularly discloses a high-precision light-weight automatic locking and unlocking device which comprises a connecting hook assembly installed on a dragged device and a hook seat assembly installed on traction equipment and matched with the connecting hook assembly in an inserted mode. The hook seat assembly comprises a connecting seat which is provided with a guide slot and is mounted on a tractor, and a locking assembly which is mounted on traction equipment and has one end inserted into the guide slot; and the connecting hook assembly comprises a hook head of which one end is inserted into the guide slot and which is matched with the locking assembly for use. According to the utility model, high-precision alignment can be realized, and automatic butt-joint locking and unlocking of the tractor and the towed vehicle can be realized.

Description

A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle traction technology, and more specifically, to a high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device. Background Technology

[0002] Based on existing publicly available patents and related information on electromagnetic launching devices, high-speed rail, bullet trains, and highway vehicles, the specific characteristics and problems of existing locking and unlocking coupling devices are as follows:

[0003] 1. The commonly used subway and EMU close-coupled cars in the same city use the collision method for automatic coupling. Therefore, the launching car or the coupled high-speed train or EMU must have the ability to stop and park. Otherwise, structural adaptation is required, which has a significant impact on the structure of the coupled car, especially its quality.

[0004] 2. Traditional semi-permanent towing hooks, Shibata hooks and other coupling devices do not have automatic docking, locking and unlocking functions, which require manual operation, are time-consuming and prone to operational errors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device; capable of achieving high-precision alignment and automatic docking, locking and unlocking of the tractor and the towed vehicle.

[0006] The solution adopted by this utility model to solve the technical problem is:

[0007] A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device includes a connecting hook assembly installed on the towing device and a hook seat assembly installed on the towing device and inserted into the connecting hook assembly.

[0008] The hook assembly includes a connecting seat with a guide slot and mounted on the tractor, and a locking assembly mounted on the tractor with one end inserted into the guide slot.

[0009] The connecting hook assembly includes a hook head, one end of which is inserted into a guide slot and used in conjunction with a locking assembly.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the locking assembly includes a positioning shaft with one end inserted into a guide slot and slidingly engaged with a traction device, a linear drive mechanism connected to one end of the positioning shaft and controlling the positioning shaft to move axially thereto, and a positioning sensor installed in the guide slot and used in conjunction with a hook; a positioning point is provided at the end of the hook near the guide slot for use with the positioning sensor.

[0011] In some possible implementations, guide through holes one and two guide through holes two symmetrical sides of the connector are respectively provided, which communicate with the guide slot; guide through holes one and guide through holes two are coaxially arranged with the positioning shaft and fitted on the outside of the positioning shaft; the linear drive mechanism is located above guide through hole one.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the locking assembly further includes a limit sensor disposed on the connecting seat and used in conjunction with the end of the positioning shaft away from the linear drive mechanism; the limit sensor is disposed on the side of the guide through hole two away from the guide through hole one.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the positioning shaft includes a tail section, a load-bearing section, an initial section, and a guide section that are coaxially connected in sequence; the end of the tail section away from the load-bearing section is connected to a linear drive mechanism.

[0014] The guide section is frustum-shaped, and its large end is connected to the initial section, which is cylindrical.

[0015] The load-bearing section includes two sets of symmetrically arranged frustum sections with their large ends located close to each other, and cylindrical sections connected to the large ends of the two sets of frustum sections respectively; the diameter of the small end of the frustum section is the same as the diameter of the initial section; the tail section is cylindrical and its diameter is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical section.

[0016] In some possible implementations, a guide hole is provided on the side of the hook head near the guide slot, which is used to cooperate with the positioning shaft and is fitted on the outside of the positioning shaft.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the guide hole includes a tapered hole with both ends symmetrically arranged and the smaller end arranged on one side close to each other, and a cylindrical hole located between the two sets of tapered holes and coaxially connected to the two sets of tapered holes respectively.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the guide slot includes a guide groove in the shape of a regular square frustum and a groove coaxially connected to the guide groove and located on the side of the guide groove away from the connecting hook assembly; the large end of the guide groove is located on the side close to the connecting seat; the small end of the guide groove is connected to the groove; one end of the hook head passes through the large end of the guide groove and extends into the groove; the positioning sensor is installed in the groove.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the connecting hook assembly further includes a mounting base mounted on the traction device and having a mounting groove; one end of the hook head away from the guide slot is mounted in the mounting groove and hinged to the mounting base; and two sets of symmetrical inner sidewalls of the mounting groove are provided with limiting rubber blocks that cooperate with the hook head and are used to limit the swing amplitude of the hook head about its hinge point with the mounting base.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the hook assembly includes a support seat mounted on the traction device; the connecting seat and the locking assembly are respectively mounted on the support seat; the end of the locking assembly away from the connecting seat is hinged to the support seat.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] This invention, through the cooperation of the locking component and the hook, can effectively realize the automated coupling, locking, and unlocking of the towed device and the towing equipment; no manual operation is required when locking or unlocking, which greatly improves work efficiency and avoids operational errors; the coupling accuracy is greatly improved by setting up positioning sensors and fiber sensors; the structure is simple and highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the hook, connecting seat, limit sensor, positioning sensor and positioning shaft when the traction device and traction equipment are locked in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting hook assembly in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting seat in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the positioning shaft in this utility model;

[0029] The components include: 1. Connecting hook assembly; 11. Hook head; 111. Guide hole; 12. Positioning point; 13. Mounting base; 14. Limiting rubber block; 2. Hook seat assembly; 21. Connecting base; 211. Guide slot; 2111. Guide groove; 2112. Groove; 212. Guide through hole one; 213. Guide through hole two; 22. Locking assembly; 221. Positioning shaft; 2211. Tail section; 2212. Bearing section; 2213. Initial section; 2214. Guide section; 222. Linear drive mechanism; 223. Positioning sensor; 224. Limiting sensor; 23. Support base. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "one," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. In the implementation of this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple positioning posts refer to two or more positioning posts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail.

[0032] As shown in Figures 1-6:

[0033] A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device includes a connecting hook assembly 1 installed on the towing device and a hook seat assembly 2 installed on the towing device and inserted into the connecting hook assembly 1.

[0034] The hook assembly 2 includes a connecting seat 21 with a guide slot 211 and installed on the tractor, and a locking assembly 22 installed on the traction device with one end moving along the Z-axis and inserted into the guide slot 211.

[0035] The connecting hook assembly 1 includes a hook head 11, one end of which is inserted into the guide slot 211 and used in conjunction with the locking assembly 22;

[0036] When the towing device and the towing equipment are connected and locked, the towing equipment moves close to the towing device, so that the hook 11 is aligned with the guide slot 211. Through the guiding effect of the two, the hook 11 slowly enters the guide slot 211. Then, the locking component 22 is controlled to move along the Z-axis, so that one end of the locking component 22 is connected to the end of the hook 11 that extends into the guide slot 211, thereby achieving locking.

[0037] Conversely, when unlocking, the locking component 22 is moved along the Z-axis and separated from the hook 11.

[0038] In some possible implementations, in order to effectively lock the traction device and the traction device by connecting and cooperating with the hook head 11 through the locking component 22, the locking component 22 includes a positioning shaft 221 with one end inserted into the guide slot 211 and slidingly cooperating with the traction device along the Z-axis direction, a linear drive mechanism 222 connected to one end of the positioning shaft 221 and controlling the axial movement of the positioning shaft 221, and a positioning sensor 223 installed in the guide slot 211 and cooperating with the hook head 11; a positioning point 12 cooperating with the positioning sensor 223 is provided at the end of the hook head 11 near the guide slot 211; the positioning shaft 221 is arranged along the Z-axis direction, and the linear drive mechanism 222 is installed on the traction device and used to control the movement of the positioning shaft 221 along the Z-axis direction; preferably, the linear drive mechanism 222 is located above the positioning shaft 221;

[0039] The linear drive mechanism 222 is existing technology and can be an electric push rod, hydraulic or pneumatic telescopic rod. Its internal structure will not be described in detail here. It can be purchased and assembled directly from the market. Preferably, the linear drive mechanism 222 is an electric push rod, which drives the positioning shaft 221 to move along the axial direction. The electric push rod adopts an integrated electro-hydraulic power mechanism, and the cylinder body is made of stainless steel. It is easy to operate, easy to maintain, has a large thrust, and an accuracy of up to 1mm.

[0040] A guide hole 111 is provided on the side of the hook head 11 near the guide slot 211, which is used to cooperate with the positioning shaft 221 and is fitted on the outside of the positioning shaft 221;

[0041] The end of the positioning shaft 221 away from the linear drive mechanism 222 will pass through the connecting seat 21 and mate with the end of the hook 11 located in the guide slot 211, and the guide hole 111 will be fitted on the outside of the positioning shaft 221.

[0042] The cooperation between the positioning sensor 223 and the positioning point 12 enables the traction device to stop at a fixed point that meets the coupling conditions. When the positioning sensor 223 detects that the distance between itself and the positioning point 12 meets the set distance requirements, the linear drive mechanism 222 is activated and controls the positioning shaft 221 to move downward along the Z-axis direction and pass through the guide hole 111 on the hook head 11. At the same time, the end of the positioning shaft 221 away from the linear drive mechanism 222 will pass through the connecting seat 21.

[0043] In some possible implementations, guide through holes 1 212 and 213 communicating with guide slot 211 are respectively provided on two symmetrical sides of the connecting seat 21; guide through holes 1 212 and 213 are coaxially arranged with positioning shaft 221 and fitted on the outside of positioning shaft 221; the linear drive mechanism 222 is located above guide through hole 1 212;

[0044] Specifically, guide through hole 1 212, guide slot 211, and guide through hole 213 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the Z-axis. Under the drive control of the linear drive mechanism 222, the end of the positioning shaft 221 that is away from the linear drive mechanism 222 will pass through guide through hole 1 212, guide hole 111, and guide through hole 213 in sequence.

[0045] In some possible implementations, the locking assembly 22 further includes a limit sensor 224 disposed on the connecting seat 21 and used in conjunction with the end of the positioning shaft 221 away from the linear drive mechanism 222; the limit sensor 224 is disposed on the side of the guide through hole 213 away from the guide through hole 212; the limit sensor 224 is used to limit the position of movement along the Z-axis direction, specifically by measuring the distance between the end of the positioning shaft 221 away from the linear drive mechanism 222 and the limit sensor 224; when the distance between the two reaches the set distance, the linear drive mechanism 222 will stop the operation of the positioning shaft 221, completing the coupling and locking, and the traction device can perform traction action;

[0046] Furthermore, the positioning sensor 223 and the limit sensor 224 are laser rangefinders in the prior art. The improvement of this utility model does not lie in the internal structure of the positioning sensor 223 and the limit sensor 224, which will not be described in detail here.

[0047] In some possible implementations, the positioning shaft 221 includes a tail section 2211, a load-bearing section 2122, an initial section 2213, and a guide section 2214 connected coaxially in sequence; the end of the tail section 2211 away from the load-bearing section 2122 is connected to the linear drive mechanism 222.

[0048] The guide section 2214 is frustum-shaped, with its large end connected to the cylindrical initial section 2213; the load-bearing section 2122 includes two sets of symmetrically arranged frustum sections with their large ends located close to each other, and cylindrical sections connected to the large ends of the two sets of frustum sections respectively; the diameter of the small end of the frustum section is the same as the diameter of the initial section 2213; the tail section 2211 is cylindrical and has the same diameter as the cylindrical section.

[0049] Furthermore, the guide section 2214 and the guide hole 111 have a large clearance fit, while the guide hole 111 and the cylindrical section have a small clearance fit. This ensures that the positioning shaft 221 can smoothly enter and pass through the hook head 11, pass through the initial section 2213, and ultimately allow the guide hole 111 to fit with the cylindrical section. The load-bearing section 2122 has a reinforced structural design, with a 1mm clearance between the cylindrical section and the guide hole 111 in the load-bearing section 2122, achieving a large traction force transmission of 60kN. At the same time, the diameter of the tail section 2211 is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical section, ensuring a high-quality force transmission effect.

[0050] In some possible implementations, in order to enable the positioning shaft 221 to smoothly enter the guide hole 111 and guide the positioning shaft 221, the guide hole 111 includes a tapered hole with both ends symmetrically arranged and the smaller end arranged on one side close to each other, and a cylindrical hole located between the two sets of tapered holes and coaxially connected to the two sets of tapered holes respectively; the cylindrical hole and the cylindrical section are fitted with a small clearance, and the fit clearance is 1mm.

[0051] In some possible implementations, to ensure that the hook 11 can smoothly enter the guide slot 211 during connection and docking, the guide slot 211 includes a guide groove 2111 in the shape of a regular square frustum and a groove 2112 coaxially connected to the guide groove 2111 and located on the side of the guide groove 2111 away from the connecting hook assembly 1; the larger end of the guide groove 2111 is located on the side close to the connecting seat 21; the smaller end of the guide groove 2111 communicates with the groove 2112; one end of the hook 11 passes through the larger end of the guide groove 2111 and extends into the groove 2112; the positioning sensor 223 is installed in the groove 2112.

[0052] The guide slot 211 is configured as a guide groove 2111 with a large opening and a recess 2112; this ensures that the end of the hook 11 away from the mounting base 13 can smoothly enter the recess 2112, providing a good guiding effect.

[0053] The connecting hook assembly 1 further includes a mounting base 13 mounted on the traction device and having a mounting groove; the end of the hook head 11 away from the guide slot 211 is mounted in the mounting groove and hinged to the mounting base 13; on the two sets of symmetrical inner sidewalls of the mounting groove, there are limiting rubber blocks 14 that cooperate with the hook head 11 and are used to limit the swing amplitude of the hook head 11 around its hinge point with the mounting base 13; the hook head 11 will swing around the mounting base 13 in the Z-axis direction; the limiting rubber blocks 14 have good elasticity, and the swing amplitude of the hook head 11 in the X-axis direction can be adjusted by the cooperation of the two sets of limiting rubber blocks 14; preferably, the maximum deformation of the limiting rubber blocks 14 is 5mm, and the length of the hook head 11 is designed accordingly, so that the maximum swing angle of the hook head 11 can be adjusted to ±5°;

[0054] Furthermore, elastic adjustment pads are respectively provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the mounting groove; the hook head 11 is located between the two sets of elastic adjustment pads, and the height position of the hook head 11 in the Z-axis direction can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the elastic adjustment pads.

[0055] Specifically, the outer diameter of the guide groove 2111 at its maximum is 142mm, and the opening gradually narrows to 85mm to ensure that the hook 11 with a width of 60mm can enter the guide groove 2111. In addition, the diameter of the guide section 2214 and the initial section 2213 of the positioning shaft 221 is 11mm, the maximum diameter of the guide hole 111 is 44mm, and the stopping accuracy is 20mm. This ensures that the guide section 2214 and the initial section 2213 of the positioning shaft 221 can pass through the cylindrical hole. Due to the conical design, it has a guiding function and can ensure that the positioning shaft 221 and the guide hole 111 can be fully fitted. After the fit is completed, the gap is 1mm.

[0056] In some possible implementations, in order to effectively realize the hook seat assembly 2 being mounted on the traction device and the locking assembly 22 being mounted on the traction device, the hook seat assembly 2 includes a support seat 23 mounted on the traction device; the connecting seat 21 and the locking assembly 22 are respectively mounted on the support seat 23; the end of the linear drive mechanism 222 away from the connecting seat 21 is hinged to the support seat 23.

[0057] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. This invention extends to any new feature or combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process step or combination disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device, characterized in that, The device includes a connecting hook assembly installed on the towing device and a hook seat assembly installed on the towing equipment and inserted into the connecting hook assembly; the hook seat assembly includes a connecting seat with a guide slot and installed on the towing vehicle, and a locking component installed on the towing equipment with one end inserted into the guide slot; the connecting hook assembly includes a hook head with one end inserted into the guide slot and used in conjunction with the locking component.

2. The high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking assembly includes a positioning shaft with one end inserted into a guide slot and slidingly engaged with the traction device, a linear drive mechanism connected to one end of the positioning shaft and controlling the positioning shaft to move along its axial direction, and a positioning sensor installed in the guide slot and used in conjunction with the hook; a positioning point is provided at the end of the hook near the guide slot for use with the positioning sensor.

3. The high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, On the two symmetrical sides of the connecting seat, guide through holes one and two guide through holes two are respectively provided, which communicate with the guide slot; guide through holes one and two guide through holes two are coaxially arranged with the positioning shaft and are fitted on the outside of the positioning shaft; the linear drive mechanism is located above guide through hole one.

4. The high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking assembly also includes a limit sensor disposed on the connecting seat and used in conjunction with the end of the positioning shaft away from the linear drive mechanism; the limit sensor is disposed on the side of the guide through hole two away from the guide through hole one.

5. A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning shaft includes a tail section, a load-bearing section, an initial section, and a guide section connected coaxially in sequence; the end of the tail section away from the load-bearing section is connected to a linear drive mechanism; the guide section is frustum-shaped, with its large end connected to the cylindrical initial section; the load-bearing section includes two sets of symmetrically arranged frustum sections with their large ends located close to each other, and cylindrical sections connected to the large ends of the two sets of frustum sections respectively; the diameter of the small end of the frustum section is the same as the diameter of the initial section; the tail section is cylindrical and its diameter is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical section.

6. A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A guide hole is provided on the side of the hook head near the guide slot, which is used to cooperate with the positioning shaft and is fitted on the outside of the positioning shaft.

7. A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide hole includes a tapered hole with both ends symmetrically arranged and the smaller end arranged on one side close to each other, and a cylindrical hole located between the two sets of tapered holes and coaxially connected to the two sets of tapered holes respectively.

8. A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide slot includes a guide groove in the shape of a regular square frustum and a groove coaxially connected to the guide groove and located on the side of the guide groove away from the connecting hook assembly; the large end of the guide groove is located on the side close to the connecting seat; the small end of the guide groove is connected to the groove; one end of the hook head passes through the large end of the guide groove and extends into the groove; the positioning sensor is installed in the groove.

9. A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The connecting hook assembly also includes a mounting base that is installed on the traction device and has a mounting groove; the end of the hook head away from the guide slot is installed in the mounting groove and is hinged to the mounting base; and two sets of symmetrical inner sidewalls of the mounting groove are provided with limiting rubber blocks that cooperate with the hook head and are used to limit the swing amplitude of the hook head about its hinge point with the mounting base.

10. A high-precision, lightweight automatic locking and unlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hook assembly includes a support seat mounted on the traction device; the connecting seat and the locking assembly are respectively mounted on the support seat; the end of the locking assembly away from the connecting seat is hinged to the support seat.

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