Bidirectional fracture energy absorption device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of energy absorption, and particularly relates to a bidirectional fracture energy absorption device which comprises a cylinder body, a piston and a piston rod. A plurality of cutting fracture rings are arranged on the rod wall of the piston rod in the axis direction, and a plurality of cutting fracture parts are arranged in a cavity of the cylinder body in the axis direction. The piston has a moving stroke moving from a cavity opening of the cavity to the cavity bottom, the cavity opening is used for cutting the fracture ring in the moving process of the piston, and the piston is used for cutting the fracture part in the moving process of the piston. Compared with a traditional fracture energy absorption device, the bidirectional fracture energy absorption device has the advantages that the braking distance is short, the overall occupied space is small, and the energy absorption capacity is improved on the basis of the same initial installation size, the same quality and the same number of fracture structures.

Description

A bidirectional fracture energy absorption device Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of energy absorption, specifically relating to a bidirectional fracture energy absorption device. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as impact testing equipment, gas-driven accelerating launch tubes are commonly used devices. To ensure gas sealing, a tray is usually installed inside the tube. Upon completion of launch, the tray is braked back into the tube. Such braking devices (which can also be energy-absorbing devices) often require very limited space for installation, thus necessitating short braking distances, minimal space occupation during braking, and high energy absorption capacity.

[0003] In the aerospace field, high-speed spacecraft interface docking buffers, spacecraft lander buffers, etc., are subject to strict quality and volume compression requirements, and the braking devices have small installation space and high energy absorption capacity requirements.

[0004] Currently, devices for absorbing energy during shear ring fracture have been developed, offering high energy absorption and small footprint, but they still do not effectively utilize space. This invention proposes a bidirectional shear fracture energy absorption device that can further reduce the usable space while maintaining high energy absorption capacity and shortening braking distance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a bidirectional fracture energy absorption device with short braking distance, small overall space occupation, and high energy absorption.

[0006] This utility model provides a bidirectional fracture energy absorption device, including a cylinder, a piston, and a piston rod;

[0007] Several cutting fracture rings are arranged on the piston rod wall along the axial direction, and several cutting fracture parts are arranged in the cylinder cavity along the axial direction.

[0008] The piston has a travel stroke from the cavity opening to the cavity bottom. The cavity opening is used to cut the fractured ring during the piston's movement, and the piston is used to cut the fractured part during the movement.

[0009] Furthermore, the fractured component is a plate structure covering the cross-section of the cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer side of the cut fractured part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the piston slides into the inner wall of the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, when the piston reaches its limit stroke at the bottom of the chamber, all the cutting fracture rings and cutting fracture components are cut off.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness and number of the cutting fracture ring and the cutting fracture component are consistent;

[0014] When the piston reaches its limit stroke at the bottom of the chamber, several cut fracture pieces are stacked between the bottom of the chamber and the piston, and several cut fracture rings are stacked on the outside of the chamber opening, with the outer end of the piston rod flush with the outer end of the outermost cut fracture ring.

[0015] Furthermore, when a cutting fracture ring is cut, a cutting fracture component is cut simultaneously;

[0016] Alternatively, at the same time, only one of the fracture ring and the fractured component is cut.

[0017] Furthermore, a limit plate is provided at the outer end of the piston rod.

[0018] Furthermore, when the piston reaches its limit stroke at the bottom of the chamber, several cutting and fractured rings stack up between the chamber opening and the limiting plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the cylinder body is a fixed component, while the outer end of the piston rod is the impact-sensitive moving surface;

[0020] Alternatively, the piston rod can be a fixed component, while the bottom of the cylinder block can be the impact-affected moving surface.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that, compared with traditional fracture energy absorption devices, the bidirectional fracture energy absorption device provided by this utility model can achieve shorter braking distance, smaller overall space occupation, and increased energy absorption while maintaining the same initial installation size, mass, and number of fracture structures. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the energy absorption process of a traditional fracture energy absorption device;

[0023] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the bidirectional fracture energy absorption device in the initial state of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the energy absorption process of the bidirectional fracture energy absorption device in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure after the bidirectional fracture energy absorption device of this utility model has finished absorbing energy.

[0026] In the figure, 1-cylinder body; 11-cavity; 111-cavity opening; 112-cavity bottom; 12-cylinder bottom; 2-piston; 3-piston rod; 4-cutting fracture ring; 5-cutting fractured part; 6-limiting plate; 7-moving object; 8-brake lever; 9-cutting fractured structure; 10-fixed support. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0029] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0032] As shown in Figures 2-4, this utility model provides a bidirectional fracture energy absorption device that can be used for buffering and braking a moving object 7. It includes a cylinder 1, a piston 2, and a piston rod 3. The cylinder 1 has a hollow cavity 11 inside. One end of the cavity 11 has a cavity opening 112. The end of the cavity 11 away from the cavity opening 112 is the cavity bottom 111. The end of the cylinder 1 away from the cavity opening 112 is the cylinder bottom 12. The piston 2 is linearly slidably disposed in the cavity 11 along the axial direction of the cavity 11. The piston rod 3 is linearly slidably disposed on the cavity opening 112 along the axial direction of the cavity 11.

[0033] Several cutting fracture rings 4 are arranged on the rod wall of piston rod 3 along the axial direction, and several cutting fracture parts 5 are arranged in the cavity 11 of cylinder 1 along the axial direction.

[0034] The piston 2 has a travel stroke from the cavity opening 111 to the cavity bottom 112 of the cavity 11. The cavity opening 111 is used to cut the fractured ring 4 during the movement of the piston 2, and the piston 2 is used to cut the fractured part 5 during the movement.

[0035] The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device provided by this utility model, compared with the traditional fracture energy absorption device, can achieve the same initial installation size, same mass, and same number of fracture structures (that is, the number of cutting fracture rings 4 plus cutting fracture parts 5 is the same as the number of cutting fracture structures 9 in the traditional fracture energy absorption device), while having a shorter braking distance, smaller overall space occupation, and increased energy absorption.

[0036] In one embodiment, the cutting fracture component 5 is a plate structure covering the cross-section of the cavity 11. In this embodiment, after the piston 2 completes the cutting of the cutting fracture component 5, the piston 2 can push the cutting fracture component 5 to slide linearly along the inner wall of the cavity 11 in an axial direction, avoiding the cutting fracture component 5 tilting or deflecting and jamming the movement of the piston 2. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the cutting fracture component 5 can be partially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 11, or the outer wall of the cutting fracture component 5 can be completely fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 11.

[0037] Preferably, the outer side of the cutting fracture component 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 11. In this embodiment, the shear area of ​​the cutting fracture component 5 is larger than the shear area of ​​the cutting fracture ring 4 on the piston rod 3, and under the same conditions, it is also larger than the shear area of ​​the cutting fracture structure 9 of a traditional fracture energy absorption device. Under the same shear strength, the larger the area, the greater the shear force required. This results in stronger energy absorption.

[0038] In one embodiment, the outer wall of piston 2 slides against the inner wall of cavity 11. In this embodiment, after piston 2 completes cutting of the fractured part 5, piston 2 can fully cover and push the fractured part 5 to slide linearly along the inner wall of cavity 11 axially, ensuring the pushing effect and preventing the fractured part 5 from tilting or deflecting and jamming the movement of piston 2. It also provides stable linear sliding between piston 2 and cavity 11. In this embodiment, piston rod 3 and cavity opening 111 can be either a clearance fit or a transition fit.

[0039] In one embodiment, when the piston 2 reaches its limit stroke within the cavity bottom 112, all the cutting fracture rings 4 and cutting fracture components 5 are cut. In this embodiment, the travel stroke of the piston 2 corresponds to the energy absorption distance, which ensures the compactness of the structure.

[0040] In one embodiment, the cutting fracture ring 4 and the cutting fracture component 5 have the same thickness and the same number;

[0041] Referring to Figure 4, when the piston 2 reaches its limit stroke within the cavity bottom 112, several cutting fracture components 5 are stacked between the cavity bottom 112 and the piston 2, and several cutting fracture rings 4 are stacked outside the cavity opening 111, with the outer end of the piston rod 3 flush with the outer end of the outermost cutting fracture ring 4. In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing structure can be made compact, and the movement of the cutting fracture components 5 can be avoided, so that the bidirectional fracture energy-absorbing device after energy absorption will not cause the several cutting fracture components 5 to shake due to vibration.

[0042] In this embodiment, when one cutting fracture ring 4 is being cut, one cutting fracture component 5 is being cut simultaneously. This allows the number of sudden changes in resistance experienced by the moving object 7 during the energy absorption process to be half the sum of the number of cutting fracture rings 4 and cutting fracture components 5.

[0043] Alternatively, at the same time, only one of the cutting fracture ring 4 and the cutting fracture component 5 can be cut. In this case, the number of abrupt changes in resistance of the moving object 7 during the energy absorption process can be equal to the sum of the number of cutting fracture rings 4 and cutting fracture components 5. These two methods can be selected according to specific practical needs.

[0044] In this embodiment, a limiting plate 6 is provided at the outer end of the piston rod 3. The limiting plate 6 serves two purposes: firstly, when the piston 2 reaches its limit stroke within the cavity bottom 112, and several cutting fracture rings 4 are stacked outside the cavity opening 111, with the outer end of the piston rod 3 flush with the outer end of the outermost cutting fracture ring 4, it restricts the position of the cutting fracture ring 4, preventing it from protruding from the outer end of the piston rod 3, ensuring that no cutting fracture ring 4 leaves the device after energy absorption. Secondly, the limiting plate 6 also serves as an impact-bearing moving surface for the moving object 7, improving the adaptability of this invention.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the piston 2 reaches its limit stroke inside the cavity bottom 112, several cutting fracture rings 4 are stacked between the cavity opening 111 and the limiting plate 6. At this time, when the piston 2 reaches its limit stroke inside the cavity bottom 112, the position of all cutting fracture rings 4 can be restricted, so that the bidirectional fracture energy absorption device after energy absorption will not cause several cutting fracture rings 4 to shake due to vibration.

[0046] In one embodiment, the cylinder body 1 is a fixed part, the outer end of the piston rod 3 is an impact-moving surface, and in an embodiment where a limiting plate 6 is provided at the outer end of the piston rod 3, the limiting plate 6 is an impact-moving surface to increase the area of ​​the impact-moving surface.

[0047] Alternatively, the piston rod 3 can be a fixed component, and the cylinder bottom 12 of the cylinder body 1 can be the impact-bearing moving surface. The choice between these two fixing methods depends on the actual needs.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention are explained in detail below, referring to Figure 1. A conventional fracture energy absorption device comprises three parts: a brake lever 8, a cutting fracture structure 9, and a fixed support 10. The fixed support 10 is used to mount the fracture energy absorption device. The cutting fracture structure 9 fractures under shear force during braking. The shear force originates from the interaction force generated when the brake lever 8 passes through the fixed support 10.

[0049] We can assume that the average force acting on a cutting fracture structure 9 is... The energy absorbed during fracture is The effective braking distance of traditional fracture energy absorption devices is... The initial installation space length is The braking stroke has a total of Nine cutting fracture structures are arranged at equal intervals, with a spacing of [missing information]. Therefore, the average buffer force during braking is... The total energy absorbed is .

[0050] This invention proposes a bidirectional fracture energy absorption device. With the same configuration as traditional fracture energy absorption devices, it achieves space compression, shorter braking distance, and increased energy absorption. Referring to Figures 2-4, the bidirectional fracture energy absorption device of this invention consists of a cylinder 1, a piston 2 and a piston rod 3, several cutting fracture rings 4, and several cutting fracture components 5. During energy absorption, the cutting fracture rings 4 on the piston rod 3 and the cutting fracture components 5 within the cavity 11 of the cylinder 1 simultaneously or asynchronously fracture and absorb energy, achieving bidirectional fracture. The cutting fracture force originates from the interaction between the cavity 111 of the cylinder 1 and the cutting fracture rings 4 on the piston rod 3, and the interaction between the piston 2 and the cutting fracture components 5 within the cavity 11 of the cylinder 1 during the movement of the piston rod 3 or the cylinder 1. Compared to traditional fracture energy absorption devices, this bidirectional fracture energy absorption device has the same initial installation dimensions, the same mass, and the same fracture structure, but a shorter energy absorption distance, a smaller overall space occupation, and increased energy absorption.

[0051] This utility model firstly reduces the original brake lever 8 by half in structure, designing it as a cylinder body 1; the number of cutting fracture rings 4 plus the number of cutting fracture parts 5 is... They are respectively arranged inside cylinder 1 and on piston rod 3. Maintaining the same mass.

[0052] The initial installation space length is After energy absorption, the length is approximately In contrast, traditional fracture energy absorption devices, due to the reverse protrusion of the brake lever 8, require approximately [a larger total space]. .

[0053] Due to the bidirectional synchronous shearing of this invention, the energy absorption force is at least [value missing]. Because the shear area of ​​the cutting fracture component 5 in the cavity 11 of the cylinder 1 is larger than the shear area of ​​the cutting fracture ring 4 on the piston rod 3, under the same shear strength, the larger the area, the greater the shear force required.

[0054] Compared to traditional fracture energy absorption devices, the effective energy absorption distance of this invention is reduced to [missing information]. However, the energy absorption is improved. This is because traditional fracture energy absorption devices absorb energy at... The energy absorbed by this utility model is at least .

[0055] In summary, the features and advantages of this utility model device compared with those of traditional devices are shown in the table below:

[0056]

[0057] The above description is merely an embodiment and does not constitute any limitation on this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations, modifications, or alterations to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from its scope. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model, without departing from its scope, should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A bidirectional fracture energy absorption device, characterized in that, It includes a cylinder (1), a piston (2) and a piston rod (3); the piston rod (3) has several cutting fracture rings (4) arranged along the axial direction on the rod wall, and several cutting fracture parts (5) are arranged along the axial direction in the cavity (11) of the cylinder (1); the piston (2) has a moving stroke from the cavity opening (111) of the cavity (11) to the cavity bottom (112), the cavity opening (111) is used to cut the cutting fracture rings (4) during the movement of the piston (2), and the piston (2) is used to cut the cutting fracture parts (5) during the movement.

2. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting fracture component (5) is a plate structure covering the cross section of the cavity (11).

3. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the cut fracture component (5) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (11).

4. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the piston (2) slides against the inner wall of the cavity (11).

5. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, When the piston (2) reaches its limit stroke in the cavity bottom (112), all the cutting fracture rings (4) and cutting fracture parts (5) are cut.

6. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The cutting fracture ring (4) and the cutting fracture component (5) have the same thickness and the same number; when the piston (2) reaches the limit stroke in the bottom of the cavity (112), several cutting fracture components (5) are stacked between the bottom of the cavity (112) and the piston (2), and several cutting fracture rings (4) are stacked on the outside of the cavity opening (111), and the outer end of the piston rod (3) is flush with the outer end of the outermost cutting fracture ring (4).

7. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, in When a cutting fracture ring (4) is cut, a cutting fracture component (5) is cut at the same time; or, at the same time, only one of the cutting fracture ring (4) and the cutting fracture component (5) is cut.

8. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A limit plate (6) is provided at the outer end of the piston rod (3).

9. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When the piston (2) reaches its limit stroke in the cavity bottom (112), several cutting fracture rings (4) are stacked between the cavity opening (111) and the limiting plate (6).

10. The bidirectional fracture energy absorption device as described in any one of claims 1-4 and 6-9, characterized in that, The cylinder body (1) is a fixed part, and the outer end of the piston rod (3) is the impact-moving surface; or, the piston rod (3) is a fixed part, and the bottom (12) of the cylinder body (1) is the impact-moving surface.

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