Self-powered multi-parameter environment monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-energized multi-parameter environmental monitoring system, which comprises an environmental parameter acquisition module, a main controller, a self-energized module and a wireless communication module, the self-powered module is connected with the main controller and the wireless communication module. The environmental parameter acquisition module and the wireless communication module are both in communication connection with the main controller; the self-powered module comprises a thermoelectric power generation module, an energy acquisition module and an energy management module which are connected in sequence; the thermoelectric power generation module is used for generating power by adopting a thermoelectric material through the temperature difference between the human body surface and the outside to generate weak voltage; the energy acquisition module is used for collecting weak voltage to form large voltage; the energy management module is used for charging the battery by using the collected voltage so as to supply power to the system; the environmental parameter acquisition module comprises an oxygen concentration detection unit, a temperature and humidity detection unit, a volatile organic compound concentration detection unit, a pressure intensity detection unit and a smoke concentration detection unit. The system has the advantages of comprehensive environment monitoring and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model mainly relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, specifically to a self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when working in the field, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive monitoring of environmental factors. However, existing environmental monitoring equipment has the following shortcomings in use:

[0003] 1. Limited monitoring parameters: Existing equipment can only monitor basic functions such as air quality, lacking the ability to simultaneously measure important environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, pressure, smoke concentration, and volatile organic compound concentration. It cannot comprehensively monitor some important parameters of the wild survival environment, making it difficult to scientifically determine whether the wild environment is suitable.

[0004] 2. Power supply reliance: Existing devices require an external charger to charge and then store electrical energy in a battery, and cannot be powered by the wearer themselves. In harsh environments such as wilderness, the power supply may be insufficient, causing the sensors to malfunction.

[0005] 3. Cost and portability issues: Existing components are expensive, which increases production costs. The device is also bulky and not portable.

[0006] 4. Redundancy in equipment functions: Existing environmental parameter measurement equipment has many unnecessary functions, resulting in high costs. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system for comprehensive environmental monitoring.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system includes an environmental parameter acquisition module, a main controller, a self-powered module, and a wireless communication module;

[0010] The self-powered module is connected to the main controller and the wireless communication module respectively, and is used to provide the power required by each module.

[0011] Both the environmental parameter acquisition module and the wireless communication module are communicatively connected to the main controller.

[0012] The self-powered module includes a thermoelectric power generation module, an energy harvesting module, and an energy management module connected in sequence. The thermoelectric power generation module generates a weak voltage by using thermoelectric materials to generate electricity through the temperature difference between the human body surface and the outside environment. The energy harvesting module collects the weak voltage to form a larger voltage. The energy management module uses the collected voltage to charge the battery to power the system.

[0013] The environmental parameter acquisition module includes an oxygen concentration detection unit, a temperature and humidity detection unit, a volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration detection unit, a pressure detection unit, and a smoke concentration detection unit; all of these units are communicatively connected to the main controller.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature and humidity detection unit includes a temperature detection module and a humidity detection module; the temperature detection module includes a reference voltage source, a bridge circuit, an operational amplifier, and an output indicator circuit; the reference voltage source is connected to the bridge circuit and the operational amplifier respectively to provide a reference voltage; the bridge circuit is a Wheatstone bridge composed of resistors R2, R3, R7 and a flexible resistor H1; the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the reference voltage source, and the inverting input terminal is connected to the output of the bridge circuit; the output indicator unit includes a diode D1 and a resistor R5, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end is connected to the cathode of the diode D1, and the anode of the diode D1 is grounded; when the voltage output by the operational amplifier exceeds a certain value, the diode D1 conducts, the indicator light illuminates, indicating that the temperature exceeds the set threshold.

[0015] Preferably, the humidity detection module includes a rectangular wave frequency generator, a capacitive moisture absorption component, a detection circuit, an amplification and limiting circuit, and an output circuit; the capacitive moisture absorption component is connected to the input terminal of the rectangular wave frequency generator and is used to change the output frequency of the rectangular wave by changing the capacitance value; the detection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the rectangular wave frequency generator and is used to convert the rectangular wave signal into a DC signal; the input terminal of the amplification and limiting circuit is connected to the output terminal of the detection circuit and is used to amplify the detected DC signal and perform amplitude limiting and filtering processing; the output circuit includes a diode D2, the cathode of which is connected to the output terminal of the amplification and limiting circuit, and the anode is grounded.

[0016] Preferably, the amplification and limiting circuit includes an operational amplifier U7A.

[0017] Preferably, the pressure detection unit includes a pressure-sensitive core, a pressure-controlled constant current source circuit, an instrumentation amplifier, and a temperature compensation circuit. The pressure-sensitive core is used to measure changes in ambient pressure, and its output voltage changes with the pressure. The pressure-controlled constant current source circuit is connected to the pressure-sensitive core and is used to drive the pressure-sensitive core with a constant current, providing a stable current source. The instrumentation amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the pressure-sensitive core and is used to amplify the output of the pressure-sensitive core. The temperature compensation circuit is connected to the pressure-sensitive core and is used to amplify the temperature output signal of the pressure-sensitive core for temperature compensation.

[0018] Preferably, the oxygen concentration detection unit includes a laser and a photodetector, used to calculate the oxygen concentration in the environment based on the measured light signal.

[0019] Preferably, the volatile organic compound concentration detection unit includes a working electrode for calculating the volatile organic compound concentration by reacting the working electrode with the volatile organic compound through an electrochemical reaction.

[0020] Preferably, the smoke concentration detection unit includes an optical sensor, which measures the smoke concentration to determine the smoke content in the environment.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0022] This invention employs multiple sensors, including those for temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, pressure, smoke concentration, and volatile organic compound concentration, to achieve comprehensive environmental monitoring. This multi-parameter monitoring method provides more comprehensive and scientific environmental data, enabling a more reasonable assessment of whether a wilderness environment is suitable for survival. Utilizing thermoelectric power generation technology, the system generates electricity based on the temperature difference between the wearer and the environment, providing a continuous power source. This self-powered approach significantly reduces reliance on traditional external power sources, making it particularly suitable for use in wilderness environments without charging equipment. This invention not only enhances the comprehensiveness and scientific rigor of wilderness environmental monitoring but also strengthens the adaptability and sustainability of the equipment, providing more reliable technical support for fieldwork and survival. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an embodiment of the self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 The circuit diagram of the temperature and humidity detection unit of this utility model in an embodiment is shown; (a) is the temperature detection module; (b) is the humidity detection module.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the pressure detection unit of this utility model in an embodiment.

[0026] Legend: 1. Environmental parameter acquisition module; 2. Main controller; 3. Self-powered module; 4. Wireless communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes an environmental parameter acquisition module 1, a main controller 2, a self-powered module 3, and a wireless communication module 4.

[0029] The self-powered module 3 is connected to the main controller 2 and the wireless communication module 4 respectively, and is used to provide the power required by each module; the environmental parameter acquisition module 1 and the wireless communication module 4 are both connected to the main controller 2 for communication.

[0030] The self-powered module 3 includes a thermoelectric power generation module, an energy harvesting module, and an energy management module. The thermoelectric power generation module uses thermoelectric materials to generate electricity through the temperature difference between the human body surface and the outside world, producing a weak voltage. The energy harvesting module collects the weak voltage to form a large voltage. The energy management module uses the collected voltage to charge the battery. Once the battery is fully charged, it supplies power to the system.

[0031] The environmental parameter acquisition module 1 includes an oxygen concentration detection unit, a temperature and humidity detection unit, a volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration detection unit, a pressure detection unit, and a smoke concentration detection unit; the oxygen concentration detection unit, temperature and humidity detection unit, VOC concentration detection unit, pressure detection unit, and smoke concentration detection unit are all connected to the main controller 2.

[0032] The oxygen concentration detection unit includes a 760nm VCSEL laser and a photodetector; the 760nm VCSEL laser and photodetector calculate the oxygen concentration in the environment based on the measured light signal.

[0033] The temperature and humidity detection unit includes a temperature detection module and a humidity detection module. The temperature detection module calculates the temperature value by measuring the change in resistance of the flexible resistive material and then using a high-precision bridge circuit. The humidity detection module calculates the humidity value by measuring the change in capacitance of the capacitive moisture-absorbing material and then using a high-precision bridge circuit.

[0034] The volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration detection unit calculates the VOC concentration through an electrochemical reaction between the working electrode and the VOC.

[0035] The pressure detection unit measures the atmospheric pressure by measuring the change in atmospheric pressure through the pressure-sensitive core.

[0036] The smoke concentration detection unit uses an optical sensor to measure smoke concentration and determine the smoke content in the environment.

[0037] The main controller 2 processes the data collected by the acquisition system, merges the data, and finally uploads the data to the host computer via the wireless communication module 4 to monitor environmental data in real time.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown in (a), the temperature detection module detects the temperature change of the environment through a flexible thermal sensor, and the flexible resistor reflects the ambient temperature by the change in its resistance value. A high-precision reference voltage source is used to provide a 2.5V reference voltage source, and a bridge circuit is constructed using a low-temperature drift high-precision resistor to measure the resistance change of the flexible resistor material. The voltage value is then amplified by an operational amplifier circuit and finally input to the main controller 2 for calculation.

[0039] Specifically, the temperature detection module includes a reference voltage source, a bridge circuit, an operational amplifier, and an output indicator circuit. The reference voltage source (U4-SW384) provides a stable 2.5V reference voltage (VBG), which is filtered by capacitors C6 (0.1uF) and C9 (10nF) to ensure the stability of the output voltage.

[0040] The bridge circuit is a Wheatstone bridge composed of resistors R2, R3, R7 and a flexible resistor H1; the resistance value of the flexible resistor changes with temperature, which causes an imbalance in the bridge circuit.

[0041] The inverting input of the operational amplifier (U5A-ADA4523-2) receives the output voltage difference of the bridge circuit and is used to amplify the output voltage difference of the bridge circuit. The non-inverting input (+) of the operational amplifier is connected to the reference voltage source (2.5V), and the inverting input (-) is connected to the output of the bridge circuit. The amplified voltage is output to the main controller 2 through resistor R5.

[0042] The output indicator unit includes diode D1 and resistor R5. When the voltage output by the operational amplifier exceeds a certain value, diode D1 conducts, the indicator light illuminates, indicating that the temperature exceeds the set threshold.

[0043] Through the above process, the module can detect changes in ambient temperature and output corresponding signals through indicator lights and the main controller 2.

[0044] like Figure 2As shown in (b), the humidity detection module uses an NE555 chip to form a rectangular wave frequency generator. High-precision low-temperature drift resistors R13 and R14, along with a capacitive moisture-absorbing component, control the output frequency of the rectangular wave. The capacitance of the capacitive moisture-absorbing material changes with the ambient humidity. The humidity detection circuit calculates the ambient humidity based on this frequency change. The detection circuit converts the frequency signal into a DC signal, which is then amplified and limited by a circuit before being output to the microcontroller to calculate the capacitance change and the ambient humidity.

[0045] Specifically, the humidity detection module includes a rectangular wave frequency generator composed of an NE555 timer, a capacitive moisture absorption component, a detection circuit, an amplification and limiting circuit, and an output circuit.

[0046] The NE555 timer (U6-NE555) forms a rectangular wave frequency generator. The timer frequency is set by resistors R13 and R14 and capacitor C15. The output rectangular wave frequency is affected by the capacitance of the capacitive moisture-absorbing component. This component, connected between pin 2 (TRI) of the NE555 timer and ground, changes its capacitance value to alter the rectangular wave output frequency.

[0047] The detector circuit consists of diode D3 and capacitor C14, and is used to convert the rectangular wave signal output by NE555 into a DC signal.

[0048] The amplification and limiting circuit consists of an operational amplifier U7A (ADA4522-2) and related resistors and capacitors. It is used to amplify the detected DC signal and perform limiting processing. The output signal is further filtered by resistor R10 and capacitor C11 before the final output.

[0049] The output circuit includes diode D2 and resistor R11. When the voltage output by operational amplifier U7A exceeds a certain value, diode D2 conducts, the indicator light illuminates, indicating that the humidity exceeds the set threshold.

[0050] Through the above process, the circuit can detect changes in ambient humidity and output corresponding signals through indicator lights and the microcontroller.

[0051] like Figure 3As shown, the pressure detection unit uses a pressure-sensitive core to measure key pressure changes in the environment. U2A uses a pressure-controlled constant current source circuit to drive the pressure-sensitive core MPM281 with constant current. U1A, U2A, and U2B form an instrument amplification topology circuit to amplify the output of the pressure-sensitive core. The amplified signal is then output to the microcontroller for calculation and processing to obtain the current pressure value. The temperature output signal of the pressure-sensitive chip is amplified using an operational amplifier. This amplified signal is then input to the microcontroller. This temperature signal serves as a reference signal for temperature compensation of the pressure value measured by the pressure-sensitive core. The microcontroller uses the measured temperature value to perform temperature compensation on the measured current pressure value to obtain the corrected pressure value.

[0052] Specifically, the pressure detection unit includes a pressure-sensitive core, a pressure-controlled constant current source circuit, an instrumentation amplifier, and a temperature compensation circuit; the pressure-sensitive core (MPM281) is used to measure changes in ambient pressure, and its output voltage changes with the pressure.

[0053] The voltage-controlled constant current source circuit (U2A-ADA4522-2) is used to drive the varistor with constant current, providing a stable current source to ensure that the output of the varistor is not affected by power supply voltage fluctuations.

[0054] The instrumentation amplifier (U1A, U1B, U2B-ADA4522-2) consists of three operational amplifiers that amplify the output of the pressure-sensitive core, providing a high common-mode rejection ratio to ensure that the amplified signal accurately reflects pressure changes.

[0055] The temperature compensation circuit consists of an operational amplifier U3A (ADA4522-2) that amplifies the temperature output signal from the pressure-sensitive core. The amplified signal is then input to the microcontroller for temperature compensation. Based on the measured temperature value, the current measured pressure value is compensated to obtain a corrected pressure value.

[0056] Through the above process, the circuit can measure changes in ambient pressure and obtain a corrected pressure value through temperature compensation.

[0057] In practical applications, the system first initializes, then checks if the battery level is less than 10%. If the battery level is less than 10%, it indicates insufficient power, and the self-powered module 3 is activated to charge the battery. If the power is sufficient, the acquisition module is awakened to collect signals such as temperature and humidity, oxygen concentration, volatile organic compounds, atmospheric pressure, and smoke. The acquired signals are then assessed to determine if they are within a reasonable range. If abnormal data is found, the parameters are re-acquired. If the acquired signals are within a reasonable range, the collected data is fused to determine if the environment is suitable. After multi-parameter data fusion, the data is uploaded to the host computer via the wireless communication module 4. To reduce power consumption, an intermittent working method is adopted, with deep sleep during non-data acquisition periods. This low-power operating state greatly improves survival capabilities in the wild.

[0058] This invention employs multiple sensors, including those for temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, pressure, smoke concentration, and volatile organic compound concentration, to achieve comprehensive environmental monitoring. This multi-parameter monitoring method provides more comprehensive and scientific environmental data, enabling a more reasonable assessment of whether a wilderness environment is suitable for survival. Utilizing thermoelectric power generation technology, the system generates electricity based on the temperature difference between the wearer and the environment, providing a continuous power source. This self-powered approach significantly reduces reliance on traditional external power sources, making it particularly suitable for use in wilderness environments without charging equipment. This invention not only enhances the comprehensiveness and scientific rigor of wilderness environmental monitoring but also strengthens the adaptability and sustainability of the equipment, providing more reliable technical support for fieldwork and survival.

[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are within its protection scope. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should be considered within its protection scope.

Claims

1. A self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system, characterized in that, It includes an environmental parameter acquisition module (1), a main controller (2), a self-powered module (3), and a wireless communication module (4); The self-powered module (3) is connected to the main controller (2) and the wireless communication module (4) respectively, and is used to provide the power required by each module; The environmental parameter acquisition module (1) and the wireless communication module (4) are both connected to the main controller (2) for communication. The self-powered module (3) includes a thermoelectric power generation module, an energy harvesting module, and an energy management module connected in sequence; the thermoelectric power generation module is used to generate electricity by using thermoelectric materials through the temperature difference between the human body surface and the outside world to generate a weak voltage; the energy harvesting module is used to collect the weak voltage to form a large voltage; the energy management module is used to charge the battery with the collected voltage to power the system. The environmental parameter acquisition module (1) includes an oxygen concentration detection unit, a temperature and humidity detection unit, a volatile organic compound concentration detection unit, a pressure detection unit, and a smoke concentration detection unit; the oxygen concentration detection unit, temperature and humidity detection unit, volatile organic compound concentration detection unit, pressure detection unit, and smoke concentration detection unit are all connected to the main controller (2) for communication.

2. The self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The temperature and humidity detection unit includes a temperature detection module and a humidity detection module; the temperature detection module includes a reference voltage source, a bridge circuit, an operational amplifier, and an output indicator circuit. The reference voltage source is connected to the bridge circuit and the operational amplifier respectively to provide a reference voltage. The bridge circuit is a Wheatstone bridge composed of resistors R2, R3, R7 and flexible resistor H1. The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier is connected to the reference voltage source, and the inverting input is connected to the output of the bridge circuit. The output indicator unit includes a diode D1 and a resistor R5. One end of the resistor R5 is connected to the output of the operational amplifier, and the other end is connected to the cathode of the diode D1. The anode of the diode D1 is grounded. When the voltage output by the operational amplifier exceeds a certain value, the diode D1 conducts, the indicator light illuminates, indicating that the temperature exceeds the set threshold.

3. The self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system of claim 2, wherein, The humidity detection module includes a rectangular wave frequency generator, a capacitive moisture absorption component, a detection circuit, an amplification and limiting circuit, and an output circuit. The capacitive moisture absorption component is connected to the input terminal of the rectangular wave frequency generator and is used to change the output frequency of the rectangular wave by changing the capacitance value. The detection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the rectangular wave frequency generator and is used to convert the rectangular wave signal into a DC signal. The input terminal of the amplification and limiting circuit is connected to the output terminal of the detection circuit and is used to amplify the detected DC signal and perform amplitude limiting and filtering processing. The output circuit includes a diode D2, the cathode of which is connected to the output terminal of the amplification and limiting circuit, and the anode is grounded.

4. The self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amplification and limiting circuit includes an operational amplifier U7A.

5. The self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The pressure detection unit includes a pressure-sensitive core, a pressure-controlled constant current source circuit, an instrumentation amplifier, and a temperature compensation circuit. The pressure-sensitive core measures changes in ambient pressure, and its output voltage changes with the pressure. The pressure-controlled constant current source circuit is connected to the pressure-sensitive core and provides a stable current source by driving the pressure-sensitive core with a constant current. The instrumentation amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the pressure-sensitive core and amplifies the output of the pressure-sensitive core. The temperature compensation circuit is connected to the pressure-sensitive core and amplifies the temperature output signal of the pressure-sensitive core for temperature compensation.

6. The self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The oxygen concentration detection unit includes a laser and a photodetector, used to calculate the oxygen concentration in the environment based on the measured light signal.

7. The self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration detection unit includes a working electrode, which is used to calculate the VOC concentration by conducting an electrochemical reaction between the working electrode and the VOC.

8. The self-powered multi-parameter environmental monitoring system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The smoke concentration detection unit includes an optical sensor, which measures the smoke concentration to determine the smoke content in the environment.

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