Spectrum detection system based on unmanned aerial vehicle platform

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of spectrum detection, and particularly relates to a spectrum detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform. The unmanned rotorcraft is adopted as a platform, the damping support is fixed below the unmanned rotorcraft through the mounting support, the host is fixed above the unmanned rotorcraft, and when the unmanned rotorcraft is used, the probe module can rotate in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction through the first holder and the second holder; the stability of image acquisition of the probe module in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle is kept, and accurate monitoring of the system on the target is realized; different heights or scene targets can be better tested; meanwhile, the display can observe data acquisition states and acquisition results in real time, information intercommunication of an interactive interface is realized, and each state can be observed; and setting, modification, storage and application of parameters are realized.

Description

A spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of spectral detection, specifically relating to a spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. Background Technology

[0002] The principle of spectroscopic detection is based on the interaction between light and matter. Light is an electromagnetic wave with different wavelengths and frequencies. When light strikes a substance, phenomena such as reflection and absorption occur, causing changes in the wavelength and intensity of the light, forming different spectra. Each substance has its unique spectral characteristics, much like a fingerprint, which can be used to analyze the composition and structure of the substance. Spectroscopic detection is widely used in many industries and fields, including pharmaceuticals, food, biology, ceramics, petroleum, glass, metals, inks, paper, ores, coatings, and soil.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to achieve convenient detection, the spectral detection system is installed on a drone platform and carried by the drone. However, since the drone and the components of the spectral detection system are rigidly connected, the stability of the image acquisition by the probe module cannot be maintained during the drone's flight, resulting in poor system flexibility.

[0004] In view of this, there is an urgent need for a spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform to solve the problems in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform includes a mounting bracket, a shock-absorbing bracket, a first gimbal, a second gimbal, a main unit, an optical fiber, a probe module, and a display.

[0008] The shock-absorbing bracket is mounted on the mounting bracket, the first gimbal is mounted on the shock-absorbing bracket, the second gimbal is mounted on the first gimbal, and the probe module is mounted on the second gimbal.

[0009] The mounting bracket is used to mount the probe module onto the drone;

[0010] The first gimbal is used to rotate the probe module in the horizontal direction;

[0011] The second gimbal is used to rotate the probe module in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal.

[0012] The host is equipped with a fiber optic spectrometer, and the fiber optic cable is connected to the fiber optic spectrometer and the probe module.

[0013] The display is used to show the data acquisition status and results of the probe module in real time.

[0014] The shock-absorbing bracket includes an upper pressure plate, a lower pressure plate, and a plurality of shock-absorbing balls. The upper pressure plate is disposed above the lower pressure plate, and the plurality of shock-absorbing balls are disposed between the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate. The shock-absorbing balls are elastic.

[0015] The mounting bracket is connected to the lower pressure plate, and the first gimbal is connected to the upper pressure plate.

[0016] The mounting bracket is located on one side of the lower pressure plate, and the first gimbal is connected to the side of the upper pressure plate away from the mounting bracket.

[0017] Several of the aforementioned shock-absorbing balls are arranged circumferentially along the lower pressure plate.

[0018] The hardness of the shock-absorbing balls increases sequentially from the side closer to the first gimbal to the side farther away from the first gimbal.

[0019] The host is equipped with a cosine corrector, and the optical fiber is a Y-type optical fiber connected to the cosine corrector.

[0020] The light inlet of the cosine corrector is equipped with a single-sided frosted homogenizing glass.

[0021] The probe module is equipped with an RGB color camera, a fiber optic lens, and an imaging lens.

[0022] The lower pressure plate is equipped with a hanging arm bracket.

[0023] The host is equipped with multiple fiber optic spectrometers.

[0024] The above-described structure of this utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0025] Using a rotary-wing drone as a platform, a shock-absorbing bracket is fixed to the bottom of the drone via a mounting bracket, while the main unit is fixed to the top of the drone. During operation, the probe module can be rotated horizontally and vertically via a first and second gimbal, maintaining the stability of image acquisition during drone flight and enabling precise target monitoring. This allows for better testing of targets at different altitudes or in different scenarios. Simultaneously, a display allows real-time observation of data acquisition status and results, enabling interactive information exchange and observation of each status state. Parameters can be set, modified, saved, and applied.

[0026] The system features a visualized operational structure on the UAV platform, with information from the built-in microprocessor unit displayed in real-time on the monitor. The Y-type fiber optic signal acquisition method enables simultaneous collection of signals from both the reference light source (after homogenization) and the target object. The cosine corrector design further homogenizes the reference light source signal, improving its stability and consistency. A two-dimensional stabilized gimbal allows for aerial target positioning at different positions and angles, enhancing the system's flexibility. An auxiliary camera provides support for target location detection and source location information determination. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting bracket and shock-absorbing bracket of this utility model embodiment.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Mounting bracket; 2. Vibration damping bracket; 21. Upper pressure plate; 22. Lower pressure plate; 23. Vibration damping ball; 3. First pan-tilt head; 4. Second pan-tilt head; 5. Main unit; 6. Fiber optic cable; 7. Cosine corrector; 71. Single-sided frosted homogenizing glass; 8. Hanging arm bracket; 9. Probe module. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and accompanying drawings of this utility model are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

[0033] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to Figures 1-3.

[0034] Referring to Figures 1-3, a spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform includes a mounting bracket 1, a shock-absorbing bracket 2, a first gimbal 3, a second gimbal 4, a main unit 5, an optical fiber 6, a probe module 9, and a display.

[0035] The shock-absorbing bracket 2 is mounted on the mounting bracket 1, the first gimbal 3 is mounted on the shock-absorbing bracket 2, the second gimbal 4 is mounted on the first gimbal 3, and the probe module 9 is mounted on the second gimbal 4.

[0036] Mounting bracket 1 is used to mount probe module 9 onto the drone;

[0037] The first gimbal 3 is used to rotate the probe module 9 in the horizontal direction;

[0038] The second gimbal 4 is used to rotate the probe module 9 in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal.

[0039] The host 5 is equipped with a fiber optic spectrometer, and the fiber optic cable 6 is connected to the fiber optic spectrometer and the probe module 9.

[0040] The display is used to show the data acquisition status and results of probe module 9 in real time. The display can be integrated into the drone remote controller.

[0041] Based on the above structure, a rotary-wing UAV is used as the platform. The shock-absorbing bracket 2 is fixed to the bottom of the UAV via the mounting bracket 1, and the main unit 5 is fixed to the top of the UAV. During use, the probe module 9 can be rotated in the horizontal and vertical directions via the first gimbal 3 and the second gimbal 4, and the stability of the probe module can be maintained during the flight of the UAV, so as to achieve accurate monitoring of the target by the system; better test the target at different altitudes or in different scenarios; at the same time, the display can observe the data acquisition status and acquisition results in real time, realize information communication through the interactive interface, observe each status, and realize the setting, modification, saving and application of parameters.

[0042] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the shock-absorbing bracket 2 includes an upper pressure plate 21, a lower pressure plate 22, and several shock-absorbing balls 23. The upper pressure plate 21 is positioned above the lower pressure plate 22, and the several shock-absorbing balls 23 are positioned between the upper pressure plate 21 and the lower pressure plate 22. The shock-absorbing balls 23 are elastic. The mounting bracket 1 is connected to the lower pressure plate 22, and the first pan-tilt unit 3 is connected to the upper pressure plate 21. The shock-absorbing balls 23 act as a buffer, filtering high / low frequency signals. After the high-sensitivity response of the first pan-tilt unit 3 and the second pan-tilt unit 4, the probe module 9 can be in a relatively stable state, thereby obtaining data with better accuracy.

[0043] Further optimization is shown in Figures 2 and 3. Specifically, the mounting bracket 1 is set on one side of the lower pressure plate 22, and the first gimbal 3 is connected to the side of the upper pressure plate 21 away from the mounting bracket 1 (due to the influence of space and fixed position when the gimbal structure is connected and fixed to the main body of the UAV). A number of shock-absorbing balls 23 are arranged circumferentially along the lower pressure plate 22 (in this embodiment, there are three groups of shock-absorbing balls 23, which are distributed from the side closer to the mounting bracket 1 to the side away from the mounting bracket 1, and each group has two shock-absorbing balls 23, which are arranged side by side). The hardness of the shock-absorbing balls 23 increases sequentially from the side closer to the first gimbal 3 to the side away from the first gimbal 3. Since the center of gravity of the upper pressure plate 21 is biased towards the installation position of the first gimbal 3, in order to ensure the uniformity of the buffering effect at different positions of the upper pressure plate 21, the shock-absorbing balls 23 near the center of gravity are harder, and the shock-absorbing balls 23 away from the center of gravity are softer.

[0044] As shown in Figure 1, the host 5 is equipped with a cosine corrector 7, and the optical fiber 6 is a Y-shaped optical fiber connected to the cosine corrector 7. The cosine corrector 7 has a single-sided frosted homogenizing glass 71 at its light inlet. The cosine corrector 7 is used to collect real-time light intensity signals. It has an internal shutter structure, which can be automatically controlled to close / close via a serial port protocol. When collecting signals, the shutter is in an open-loop state. The single-sided frosted glass at its upper end effectively scatters light from different angles, making the light entering the fiber relatively uniform, thus homogenizing the light and preventing oversaturation, providing a reference for data calibration. The Y-shaped optical fiber 6 can simultaneously collect signals from ground targets (from the probe module 9) and transmit signals for sky calibration (from the cosine corrector 7). The cosine corrector 7 ensures that each collected data can form a reference analogy with its corresponding light intensity (light source) signal, aiding in quantitative data analysis and calibration.

[0045] Further optimization involves equipping the probe module 9 with an RGB color camera, a fiber optic lens, and an imaging lens. The imaging lens, positioned at the front of the fiber optic lens, is used to define the light-receiving angle field of view of the fiber optic cable. (The fiber optic cable is a single-core circular cable, and its field of view is determined by its own field of view angle. It's similar to how a small point as the source point creates a large circle of different areas at different distances (in reality, the field of view size varies at different distances). The field of view angle of this fiber optic cable is fixed, and the only variable in the shooting field of view is distance. The RGB camera, however, has a very large field of view angle, far exceeding that of the fiber optic cable. This means that the RGB field of view always covers the field of view observed by the fiber optic cable. By using lasers to measure the size of the light spot at different distances, its position within the RGB field of view is marked.) The RGB color camera can observe and capture the target area in real time, marking it with specific identifiers to determine the acquisition area each time and save the corresponding image information, providing support for subsequent data processing and analysis. It also simultaneously records the regional spectrum and corresponding image information, expanding the visualization capabilities of traditional single-point spectral acquisition.

[0046] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a hanging arm bracket 8 is provided on the lower pressure plate 22, which cooperates with the mounting bracket 1 to fix the lower pressure plate 22 from both sides, thereby improving the connection stability.

[0047] Further optimization involves integrating multiple fiber optic spectrometers within the host unit 5 to extend the spectral range.

[0048] In summary, using a rotary-wing UAV as a platform, with the shock-absorbing bracket 2 fixed to the bottom of the UAV via mounting bracket 1 and the main unit 5 fixed to the top of the UAV, the probe module 9 can be rotated horizontally and vertically via the first gimbal 3 and the second gimbal 4 during use, maintaining the stability of the UAV during flight and enabling precise monitoring of the target. This allows for better testing of targets at different altitudes or in different scenarios. Simultaneously, the display can provide real-time observation of the data acquisition status and results, enabling interactive information exchange and observation of each status. It also allows for setting, modifying, saving, and applying parameters. This visual and flexible observation angle adjustment structure provides a more flexible solution for the application, enabling real-time data acquisition in the air based on environmental and other requirements.

[0049] In this application, the display serves as a visual operating interface, which avoids the drawbacks of being a non-imaging system. It can quickly determine the observation area of ​​the auxiliary camera (RGB color camera) and the fiber optic field of view positioning area after the stabilization gimbal (first gimbal 3 and second gimbal 4) has completed the rotation in the horizontal and pitch directions. After determining the location of the area of ​​interest, it can quickly realize the acquisition and processing of signals.

[0050] When this application is used, if the entire UAV-borne system is hovering in the air, light will irradiate and reflect off the surface of an object. By setting the rotation mode of the two-dimensional stabilization gimbals (first gimbal 3 and second gimbal 4), bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF) testing can be achieved, expanding the system's application methods. Only the function of equally spaced rotation angles needs to be implemented in the software, and then the corresponding data information can be acquired at each angle. This approach can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of target information acquisition.

[0051] In this application, since the optical fiber has a certain field of view (12.7°), the area covered by the light intensity can be accurately calculated based on the pixels of the probe module 9, the working distance to the target, etc.; the detector is a linear array and the optical fiber is a single core diameter, so the average spectral data of this area will be collected; thus, the characteristic information of the target will be characterized, and the distance will affect the size of the target area.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It is understood that other improvements and variations that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention should be considered to be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform, characterized in that: The device includes a mounting bracket (1), a shock-absorbing bracket (2), a first gimbal (3), a second gimbal (4), a main unit (5), an optical fiber (6), a probe module (9), and a display. The shock-absorbing bracket (2) is mounted on the mounting bracket (1), the first gimbal (3) is mounted on the shock-absorbing bracket (2), the second gimbal (4) is mounted on the first gimbal (3), and the probe module (9) is mounted on the second gimbal (4). The mounting bracket (1) is used to mount the probe module (9) on the UAV. The first gimbal (3) is used to rotate the probe module (9) in the horizontal direction. The second gimbal (4) is used to rotate the probe module (9) in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The main unit (5) contains an optical fiber spectrometer, and the optical fiber (6) is connected to the optical fiber spectrometer and the probe module (9). The display is used to display the data acquisition status and acquisition results of the probe module (9) in real time.

2. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing bracket (2) includes an upper pressure plate (21), a lower pressure plate (22), and a plurality of shock-absorbing balls (23). The upper pressure plate (21) is disposed above the lower pressure plate (22), and the plurality of shock-absorbing balls (23) are disposed between the upper pressure plate (21) and the lower pressure plate (22). The shock-absorbing balls (23) are elastic. The mounting bracket (1) is connected to the lower pressure plate (22), and the first gimbal (3) is connected to the upper pressure plate (21).

3. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (1) is located on one side of the lower pressure plate (22), and the first gimbal (3) is connected to the side of the upper pressure plate (21) away from the mounting bracket (1).

4. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned shock-absorbing balls (23) are arranged circumferentially along the lower pressure plate (22).

5. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hardness of the shock-absorbing balls (23) increases sequentially from the side closer to the first gimbal (3) to the side farther away from the first gimbal (3).

6. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host (5) is equipped with a cosine corrector (7), and the optical fiber (6) is a Y-type optical fiber, which is connected to the cosine corrector (7).

7. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cosine corrector (7) has a single-sided frosted homogenizing glass (71) at its light inlet.

8. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probe module (9) is equipped with an RGB color camera, a fiber optic lens, and an imaging lens.

9. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower pressure plate (22) is provided with a hanging arm bracket (8).

10. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host (5) is equipped with multiple fiber optic spectrometers.

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