Miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna
By setting a four-armed spiral dipole antenna with a spiral arm structure on the upper and lower surfaces of a high-frequency dielectric substrate, the problems of large size and insufficient axial ratio performance are solved, achieving miniaturization and efficient signal radiation, and reducing production costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN ZHAOXUN TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing four-arm spiral dipole antennas are too large to meet the miniaturization requirements of modern equipment, and their axial ratio performance is insufficient, affecting the circular polarization effect and signal stability.
Antenna units are set on the upper and lower surfaces of a high-frequency dielectric substrate, and multiple spiral arms are set in a circumferential spiral using a cross-shaped loading element to form an upper and lower spiral structure. Combined with a high dielectric constant circular high-frequency plate and copper sheet design, the width and spacing of the spiral arms are optimized to form circularly polarized radiation.
This technology enables antenna miniaturization while maintaining good performance and signal stability, improves radiation efficiency, reduces production costs, and facilitates manufacturing and integration.
Smart Images
Figure CN224191219U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna. Background Technology
[0002] Helical antennas are circularly polarized antennas with good directivity. As antenna systems continue to develop, the requirements for the radiation direction of antennas are becoming wider and wider. Helical antennas have gradually evolved from single-arm helices to double-arm helices and the currently common four-arm helices.
[0003] With the rapid development of modern communication technologies, especially the rise of 5G communication and the Internet of Things, higher demands are being placed on the miniaturization and high performance of antennas. Traditional four-arm helical dipole antennas mostly use low dielectric constant materials (such as PTFE or FR-4), resulting in a large antenna size that is difficult to meet the miniaturization requirements of modern equipment. In addition, the axial ratio performance of existing antennas is insufficient, affecting the circular polarization effect and signal stability. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that existing technologies result in large antenna sizes, making it difficult to meet the miniaturization requirements of modern equipment. It provides a miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna that can ensure good performance while miniaturizing the antenna, making it easy to manufacture and integrate, and reducing production costs.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna, including a high-frequency dielectric substrate, wherein antenna elements are disposed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate; the antenna element includes a cross loading member, which is fixed at the center position of the surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate, and each cross loading member is provided with multiple spiral arms in a circumferential spiral arrangement.
[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the high-frequency dielectric substrate is a circular high-frequency plate with a dielectric constant of 10.2 and a thickness of 1mm.
[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the cross-shaped loading member is a copper sheet, and its four ends extend at right angles, with the included angle between adjacent ends being 90°, and the thickness being 0.5-1mm.
[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: each of the cross loading members is provided with four spiral arms in the circumferential direction, and the four spiral arms are connected to the end of the cross loading member to form an antenna unit.
[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the spiral arm is a copper sheet with a width of 0.5-1mm and a thickness of 0.5mm.
[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the plurality of spiral arms on the upper surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate are clockwise or counterclockwise spirals, and the spiral direction of the plurality of spiral arms on the lower surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate is opposite to that on the upper surface, so as to form circularly polarized radiation.
[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the spiral arm is arc-shaped.
[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the top end of the spiral arm extends outward to form an extension section.
[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the distance between adjacent spiral arms is 1-1.5mm.
[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: the high-frequency dielectric substrate is provided with a coaxial feed hole at its center, and the coaxial feed hole is used to connect the feed structure.
[0015] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
[0016] This invention significantly reduces the overall size of the antenna by placing two antenna units on the upper and lower surfaces of a high-frequency dielectric substrate. Multiple spiral arms are arranged circumferentially on a cross-shaped loading element, forming an upper and lower spiral structure. The high-frequency dielectric substrate is introduced between the antenna units, resulting in a strong frequency reduction effect, effectively optimizing the antenna's axial ratio performance, improving circular polarization, and enhancing the stability of signal reception and transmission. Simultaneously, the double-helix structure formed by the cross-shaped loading element and multiple spiral arms on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate improves the antenna's radiation efficiency. This ensures that the antenna maintains good performance while being miniaturized, facilitating manufacturing and integration, reducing production costs, and enhancing market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a four-arm spiral dipole antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view of a four-armed spiral dipole antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of a four-arm spiral dipole antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna unit;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a left-hand circular polarization gain diagram of a four-arm spiral dipole antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio of a four-armed spiral dipole antenna in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] Legend:
[0024] 1. High-frequency dielectric substrate; 2. Cross-shaped loading member; 3. Spiral arm; 4. Coaxial power feed hole; 5. Extension section. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0028] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna of the present invention includes a high-frequency dielectric substrate 1, and antenna elements are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1; the antenna element includes a cross loading member 2, which is fixed at the center position of the surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1, and each cross loading member 2 is provided with multiple spiral arms 3 in a circumferential spiral.
[0029] In the technical solution of this utility model, by setting two antenna units on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 respectively, the overall size of the antenna is significantly reduced. The antenna unit, which has multiple spiral arms 3 arranged in a circumferential spiral by the cross loading member 2, forms an upper and lower spiral structure. The high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 is introduced in the middle, which not only has a strong frequency reduction effect, but also effectively optimizes the axial ratio performance of the antenna, improves the circular polarization effect, and enhances the stability of signal reception and transmission. At the same time, the double spiral structure formed by the cross loading member 2 and multiple spiral arms 3 on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 also improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna. This ensures that the antenna can maintain good performance while being miniaturized, which is convenient for manufacturing and integration, reduces production costs, and improves market competitiveness.
[0030] The high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 is a circular high-frequency plate with a dielectric constant of 10.2 and a thickness of 1mm. Using a high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 with a dielectric constant of 10.2 can not only support the radiation structure of the antenna, but also greatly reduce the size of the antenna. The thickness of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 is controlled at 1mm to ensure the structural stability and miniaturization effect of the antenna.
[0031] Specifically, each cross-shaped loading element 2 has four spiral arms 3 arranged circumferentially, and the four spiral arms 3 are connected to the end of the cross-shaped loading element 2 to form an antenna unit.
[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the cross-shaped loading element 2 is a copper sheet with its four ends extending at right angles, the included angle between adjacent ends being 90°, and a thickness of 0.5-1mm. The spiral arm 3 is also a copper sheet with a width of 0.5-1mm and a thickness of 0.5mm. The upper and lower spiral arms 3 form a left-handed circular polarization, optimizing the antenna's axial ratio performance, improving the circular polarization effect, and enhancing the antenna's signal reception and transmission capabilities in all directions. By employing a structure with multiple spiral arms 3 of equal length, width, and thickness, the symmetry and performance stability of the antenna are ensured. The width and spacing of the spiral arms 3 have been precisely optimized to improve the antenna's radiation efficiency.
[0033] Among them, the spiral arm 3 is arc-shaped, and the distance between adjacent spiral arms 3 is 1-1.5mm.
[0034] Specifically, the upper surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 has multiple spiral arms 3 that spiral clockwise or counterclockwise, while the lower surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 has multiple spiral arms 3 with the opposite spiral direction to the upper surface, in order to form circularly polarized radiation. The four spiral arms 3 are connected to the ends of the cross-shaped loading member 2, with adjacent spiral arms differing by 90°. If the upper four spiral arms 3 spiral upward clockwise, the lower four spiral arms 3 spiral downward counterclockwise to form left-hand circular polarization; if the upper four spiral arms 3 spiral upward counterclockwise, the lower four spiral arms 3 spiral downward clockwise to form right-hand circular polarization.
[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the top of the spiral arm 3 extends outward to form an extension section 5; in order to achieve antenna miniaturization, both the tops of the upper and lower spiral arms 3 have extension sections 5 extending outward. The extension sections 5 help to reduce the cross-sectional height.
[0036] Specifically, the length of the spiral arm 3 can be designed to be 1 / 6 to 1 / 4 of the free space wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency, and optimized and adjusted according to the dielectric constant of the substrate. The width and spacing of the spiral arm 3 have also been optimized to ensure that the antenna can maintain good radiation performance and high efficiency while miniaturizing.
[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a coaxial feed hole 4 is provided at the center of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1. The coaxial feed hole 4 is used to connect the feed structure. The coaxial feed hole 4 is connected to the feed structure using a coaxial cable (composed of an inner conductor, an insulating dielectric, and an outer conductor shielding layer). The inner conductor transmits radio frequency signals, and the outer conductor shields against electromagnetic interference. In the high-frequency band, it can effectively suppress signal radiation loss and external interference, and maintain signal integrity.
[0038] Working principle: By placing two antenna units on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 respectively, the overall size of the antenna is significantly reduced. Multiple spiral arms 3 are arranged circumferentially through the cross loading member 2 to form an upper and lower spiral structure. The high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 is introduced in the middle of the antenna unit, which not only has a strong frequency reduction effect, but also effectively optimizes the axial ratio performance of the antenna, improves the circular polarization effect, and enhances the stability of signal reception and transmission. At the same time, the double spiral structure formed by the cross loading member 2 and multiple spiral arms 3 on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 1 also improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna. This ensures that the antenna can maintain good performance while being miniaturized, which is convenient for manufacturing and integration, reduces production costs, and improves market competitiveness.
[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0040] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims
1. A miniaturized four-arm helical dipole antenna, characterized in that, It includes a high-frequency dielectric substrate (1), and antenna units are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate (1); The antenna unit includes a cross loading member (2), which is fixed at the center of the surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate (1). Each cross loading member (2) is provided with multiple spiral arms (3) in a circumferential spiral.
2. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency dielectric substrate (1) is a circular high-frequency plate with a dielectric constant of 10.2 and a thickness of 1 mm.
3. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-shaped loading element (2) is a copper sheet with its four ends extending at right angles, the included angle between adjacent ends being 90°, and its thickness being 0.5-1mm.
4. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the cross-shaped loading members (2) is provided with four spiral arms (3) in the circumferential direction. The four spiral arms (3) are connected to the end of the cross-shaped loading member (2) to form an antenna unit.
5. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral arm (3) is a copper sheet with a width of 0.5-1mm and a thickness of 0.5mm.
6. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple spiral arms (3) on the upper surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate (1) are clockwise or counterclockwise spirals, and the spiral direction of the multiple spiral arms (3) on the lower surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate (1) is opposite to that of the upper surface, so as to form circular polarization radiation.
7. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral arm (3) is arc-shaped.
8. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the spiral arm (3) extends outward to form an extension section (5).
9. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent spiral arms (3) is 1-1.5 mm.
10. The miniaturized four-arm spiral dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency dielectric substrate (1) has a coaxial feed hole (4) at its center, which is used to connect the feed structure.