Protocol judgment circuit and charger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protocol judgment circuit and a charger, and the protocol judgment circuit comprises a control module which is provided with a control signal input interface and a control signal output interface, the control signal input interface is used for receiving a control signal, and the control signal output interface is connected with a battery pack through a first divider resistor; the control signal output interface is used for outputting a control signal to the battery pack; the input end of the protocol identification module is connected with the battery pack, the output end of the protocol identification module comprises a resistance acquisition end and a protocol identification end, and the protocol identification module is used for outputting a received feedback signal of the battery pack to the external charging control module through the resistance acquisition end or the protocol identification end. Through the mode, the control signal is transmitted to the battery pack, the feedback signal of the battery pack is collected, the feedback signal is output to the external charging control module through the resistance collection end or the protocol recognition end according to the characteristics of the feedback signal, and recognition of multiple charging protocols of protocol recognition and resistance recognition is achieved.

Description

A protocol determination circuit and a charger Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of charging protocol determination technology, and in particular to a protocol determination circuit and charger. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of lithium battery technology, the demand for chargers in the power tool, digital product, drone, and automotive industries is increasing. However, incompatibility issues often exist between different battery pack models and chargers, causing great inconvenience to users.

[0003] Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a protocol determination circuit that can be applied to multiple charging protocols. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main technical problem addressed by this application is to provide a protocol judgment circuit and charger that can identify the communication protocols of various battery packs and improve the charging compatibility of the charger.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: providing a protocol judgment circuit, including a control module and a protocol identification module. The control module includes a control signal input interface and a control signal output interface. The control signal input interface is used to receive control signals, and the control signal output interface is connected to one end of a first voltage divider resistor. The other end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to a battery pack. The control signal output interface is used to output the control signal received by the control module to the battery pack. The input terminal of the protocol identification module is connected to the battery pack, and the output terminal of the protocol identification module includes a resistor acquisition terminal and a protocol identification terminal. The protocol identification module is used to output the feedback signal received from the battery pack to an external charging control module through the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal.

[0006] The protocol identification module includes a first diode, a first transistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor. The resistor acquisition terminal is connected to the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected to the input terminal of the protocol identification module, one end of the second resistor is connected to the input terminal of the protocol identification module, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the first transistor, the second end of the first transistor is connected to one end of the third resistor, the third end of the first transistor is grounded, and the second end of the first transistor serves as the protocol identification terminal.

[0007] The protocol identification module also includes a fourth resistor and a first capacitor. The first terminal of the first transistor is the base, the second terminal is the collector, and the third terminal is the emitter. The base of the first transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the third terminal of the first transistor, the third terminal of the first transistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the first power supply.

[0008] The control module includes a second transistor and a third transistor. The first end of the second transistor is connected to the first power supply, the second end of the second transistor is connected to one end of the first voltage divider resistor, the third end of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the third transistor, the second end of the third transistor is connected to the control signal input interface, and the third end of the third transistor is grounded.

[0009] The control module includes a fifth inductor, a sixth inductor, a seventh inductor, and an eighth inductor. The first end of the second transistor is connected to one end of the sixth inductor, and the other end of the sixth inductor is connected to the third end of the second transistor. The third end of the second transistor is connected to one end of the fifth inductor, and the other end of the fifth inductor is connected to the first end of the third transistor. The second end of the third transistor is connected to one end of the eighth inductor, and the other end of the eighth inductor is connected to the third end of the third transistor. The second end of the third transistor is connected to one end of the seventh inductor, and the other end of the seventh inductor is connected to the control signal input interface.

[0010] In this transistor, the second transistor is a PNP transistor, the third transistor is an NPN transistor, the first terminal of the second transistor is the emitter, the second terminal of the second transistor is the collector, and the third terminal of the second transistor is the base.

[0011] The control signals include high-speed pulse signals.

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a battery pack, which includes the protocol judgment circuit of any of the above-mentioned components.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Unlike the prior art, the protocol judgment circuit of this application receives control signals through the signal input interface of the control module and transmits them to the battery pack through the first voltage divider resistor. The protocol identification module collects the feedback signals of the battery pack and outputs the feedback signals to the external charging control module through the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal according to the characteristics of the feedback signals. The external charging control module performs charging control according to the signals output by the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal, thereby realizing a protocol judgment circuit applicable to multiple charging protocols such as protocol identification and resistor identification. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the protocol judgment circuit of this application.

[0015] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the protocol judgment circuit of this application.

[0016] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the charger of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] It should be understood that the features described in the specification and claims of this application, specifically the terms "first" and "second," may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof as used herein are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0019] To make the purpose, technical solution and effects of this application clearer and more explicit, the following describes this application in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] This application provides a protocol judgment circuit applicable to chargers for power tools, including but not limited to electric garden tools such as lawnmowers and pruning machines, or electric work tools such as electric drills and bolt cutters. Existing technologies suffer from incompatibility between new chargers and old battery packs on power tools. Older chargers often use simple hardware identification circuits to communicate with the battery packs of power tools, while newer chargers require communication protocols to enter the charging state, resulting in incompatibility between newer chargers and older battery packs.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the protocol judgment circuit of this application. The protocol judgment circuit 10 includes a control module 11 and a protocol identification module 12. The control module 11 includes a control signal input interface and a control signal output interface. The control signal input interface is used to receive control signals, and the control signal output interface is connected to one end of the first voltage divider resistor R1. The other end of the first voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to the battery pack, and the control signal output interface is used to output the control signal received by the control module 11 to the battery pack. The input terminal of the protocol identification module 12 is connected to the battery pack, and the output terminal of the protocol identification module 12 includes a resistor acquisition terminal and a protocol identification terminal. The protocol identification module 12 is used to output the feedback signal received from the battery pack to the external charging control module 11 through the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal.

[0022] Specifically, the control signal can be an analog signal, a digital signal, a pulse signal, a combined signal, or a signal under a specific protocol. In some specific embodiments, the control signal includes a high-speed pulse signal. The control signal input interface is configured to receive a high-speed pulse signal. The control signal output interface is used to transmit the high-speed pulse signal received by the control module 11 to the battery pack. One end of the first voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to the control signal output interface, and the other end is connected to the battery pack. It is used to adjust the level output to the battery pack. The input terminal of the protocol identification module 12 is connected to the battery pack. It is used to receive the feedback signal sent by the battery pack. According to the characteristics of the feedback signal, the feedback signal is output to the external charging control module 11 through the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal.

[0023] In the above scheme, the protocol judgment circuit 10 receives the control signal through the signal input interface of the control module 11 and transmits it to the battery pack through the first voltage divider resistor R1. The protocol identification module 12 collects the feedback signal from the battery pack and outputs the feedback signal to the external charging control module 11 through the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal according to the characteristics of the feedback signal. The external charging control module 11 then performs charging control according to the signal output by the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal, thus realizing the protocol judgment circuit 10 applicable to multiple charging protocols such as protocol identification and resistor identification.

[0024] Please also refer to Figure 2, which is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the protocol judgment circuit of this application. The protocol identification module 12 includes a first diode D1, a first transistor Q1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. The resistor acquisition terminal is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the protocol identification module 12, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the input terminal of the protocol identification module 12, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the first transistor Q1, the second end of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, the third end of the first transistor Q1 is grounded, and the second end of the first transistor Q1 serves as the protocol identification terminal.

[0025] Specifically, the first diode D1 acts as a unidirectional conductor, allowing only current to flow from the battery pack to the resistor acquisition terminal, preventing reverse current from affecting the circuit. The first transistor Q1 amplifies and controls the current, while the second resistor R2 acts as a voltage divider and current limiter, dividing the battery pack feedback signal voltage and sending it to the first transistor Q1. When the battery pack uses the resistor identification method, the feedback signal can be a resistance value. The protocol identification module 12 identifies the resistance value of the battery pack and transmits it to the resistor acquisition terminal through the first diode D1. When the battery pack uses the protocol identification method, the feedback signal can contain a specific voltage waveform or communication protocol. These signals are transmitted to the first transistor Q1 through the input terminal of the communication protocol identification module 12 and the second resistor R2, and then transmitted to the protocol identification terminal through the first transistor Q1 for external charging control module 11 to identify and process. This allows for protocol judgment of the battery pack, including both resistor identification and protocol identification methods, thereby enabling the protocol judgment circuit 10 to be compatible with the charging protocol judgment of battery packs using both resistor identification and protocol identification methods.

[0026] In some specific embodiments, to further expand the applicability of the charging identification circuit, the external charging control module 11 can be configured to use a non-identification charging method by default and charge according to preset charging parameters when the battery pack does not use the above-mentioned specific identification method or is not identified, or when the protocol identification module 12 does not output a valid resistance acquisition signal or protocol identification signal.

[0027] The above solution improves the stability and reliability of the circuit by using the first diode D1, the first transistor Q1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3, and achieves compatibility and adaptation for various battery pack identification methods.

[0028] In some embodiments, the protocol identification module 12 further includes a fourth resistor R4 and a first capacitor C1. The first terminal of the first transistor Q1 is the base, the second terminal is the collector, and the third terminal is the emitter. The base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the third terminal of the first transistor Q1, the third terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor Q1, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first power supply.

[0029] Specifically, when the battery pack is connected to the protocol identification module 12, its feedback signal is transmitted to the base of the first transistor Q1 through the fourth resistor R4. The collector is connected to the third resistor R3 and the first power supply, and the emitter is connected to the fourth resistor R4 and the first capacitor C1. When the base voltage reaches a certain threshold, the first transistor is turned on, allowing current to flow from the collector to the emitter, thereby generating a changing voltage signal at the protocol identification terminal for external charging control module 11 to identify and process, so as to achieve a more accurate and reliable protocol identification function.

[0030] In some embodiments, the control module 11 includes a second transistor Q2 and a third transistor Q3. The first end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to a first power supply, the second end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to one end of a first voltage divider resistor R1, the third end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first end of the third transistor Q3, the second end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to a control signal input interface, and the third end of the third transistor Q3 is grounded.

[0031] Specifically, the first power supply provides the operating voltage for the second transistor Q2, and the first voltage divider resistor R1 divides the power supply voltage to ensure that the second transistor Q2 can operate within a suitable voltage range. In practice, the conduction level of the third transistor Q3 can be controlled by adjusting the power supply voltage and the resistance value of the voltage divider resistor, thereby amplifying the control signal. Simultaneously, the second transistor provides isolation and protection. The third transistor Q3 receives and transmits signals from the control signal input interface.

[0032] In some embodiments, the second transistor Q2 is a PNP transistor, the third transistor Q3 is an NPN transistor, the first terminal of the second transistor Q2 is the emitter, the second terminal of the second transistor Q2 is the collector, the third terminal of the second transistor Q2 is the base, the first terminal of the third transistor Q3 is the collector, the second terminal of the third transistor Q3 is the base, and the third terminal of the third transistor Q3 is the emitter.

[0033] Specifically, when the control signal input interface receives a control signal, the control signal is input through the base of the third transistor Q3, controlling the third transistor Q3 to conduct. The conducting third transistor Q3 pulls the base of the second transistor low, causing the second transistor Q2 to also conduct. At this time, the first power supply supplies power to the first voltage divider resistor R1 through the second transistor Q2, and then sends a control signal to the battery pack for identification.

[0034] In some embodiments, the control module 11 includes a fifth inductor R5, a sixth inductor R6, a seventh inductor R7, and an eighth inductor R8. The first end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the sixth inductor R6, and the other end of the sixth inductor R6 is connected to the third end of the second transistor Q2. The third end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the fifth inductor R5, and the other end of the fifth inductor R5 is connected to the first end of the third transistor Q3. The second end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the eighth inductor R8, and the other end of the eighth inductor R8 is connected to the third end of the third transistor Q3. The second end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the seventh inductor R7, and the other end of the seventh inductor R7 is connected to the control signal input interface.

[0035] Specifically, when the control signal input interface receives an external control signal, the signal is input to the base of the third transistor Q3 through the seventh inductor R7, causing the third transistor Q3 to conduct. After the third transistor Q3 conducts, the collector voltage drops, which affects the base voltage of the second transistor Q2 through the fifth inductor R5, thereby causing the second transistor Q2 to also conduct. The power supply sends a high-pulse identification signal to the battery pack through the sixth inductor R6, the second transistor Q2, and the first voltage divider resistor R1.

[0036] The above solution integrates both resistor identification and protocol identification, enabling the protocol judgment circuit 10 to be compatible with more types of battery packs, including resistor identification battery packs and protocol identification battery packs.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the charger of this application. The charger 30 includes the protocol determination circuit 10 of any of the above embodiments.

[0038] In the above scheme, this application sets up a protocol judgment circuit 10 of any of the above embodiments in the charger 30. The protocol judgment circuit 10 receives the control signal through the signal input interface of the control module 11 and transmits it to the battery pack through the first voltage divider resistor R1. The protocol identification module 12 collects the feedback signal of the battery pack and outputs the feedback signal to the external charging control module 11 through the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal according to the characteristics of the feedback signal. The external charging control module 11 performs charging control according to the signal output by the resistor acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal, thereby realizing the protocol judgment circuit 10 applicable to multiple charging protocols such as protocol identification and resistor identification.

[0039] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A protocol determination circuit, characterized in that, include: The control module includes a control signal input interface and a control signal output interface. The control signal input interface is used to receive control signals, and the control signal output interface is connected to one end of a first voltage divider resistor, the other end of which is connected to a battery pack. The control signal output interface is used to output the control signal received by the control module to the battery pack. The protocol identification module has its input terminal connected to the battery pack and its output terminal including a resistance acquisition terminal and a protocol identification terminal. The protocol identification module is used to output the feedback signal received from the battery pack to an external charging control module through the resistance acquisition terminal or the protocol identification terminal.

2. The protocol determination circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protocol identification module includes a first diode, a first transistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor. The resistor acquisition terminal is connected to the cathode of the first diode, the anode of the first diode is connected to the input terminal of the protocol identification module, one end of the second resistor is connected to the input terminal of the protocol identification module, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the first transistor, the second end of the first transistor is connected to one end of the third resistor, the third end of the first transistor is grounded, and the second end of the first transistor serves as the protocol identification terminal.

3. The protocol determination circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protocol identification module further includes a fourth resistor and a first capacitor. The first terminal of the first transistor is the base, the second terminal is the collector, and the third terminal is the emitter. The base of the first transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the third terminal of the first transistor, the third terminal of the first transistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the first power supply.

4. The protocol determination circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes a second transistor and a third transistor. The first end of the second transistor is connected to a first power supply, the second end of the second transistor is connected to one end of the first voltage divider resistor, the third end of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the third transistor, the second end of the third transistor is connected to the control signal input interface, and the third end of the third transistor is grounded.

5. The protocol determination circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control module includes a fifth inductor, a sixth inductor, a seventh inductor, and an eighth inductor. The first end of the second transistor is connected to one end of the sixth inductor, and the other end of the sixth inductor is connected to the third end of the second transistor. The third end of the second transistor is connected to one end of the fifth inductor, and the other end of the fifth inductor is connected to the first end of the third transistor. The second end of the third transistor is connected to one end of the eighth inductor, and the other end of the eighth inductor is connected to the third end of the third transistor. The second end of the third transistor is connected to one end of the seventh inductor, and the other end of the seventh inductor is connected to the control signal input interface.

6. The protocol determination circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second transistor is a PNP transistor, and the third transistor is an NPN transistor. The first terminal of the second transistor is the emitter, the second terminal of the second transistor is the collector, and the third terminal of the second transistor is the base. The first terminal of the third transistor is the collector, the second terminal of the third transistor is the base, and the third terminal of the third transistor is the emitter.

7. The protocol determination circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The control signal includes a high-speed pulse signal.

8. A charger, characterized in that, The charger includes a protocol determination circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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