Fixing splint for first metacarpal bone basilar fracture

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a first metacarpal bone basilar fracture fixing splint. According to the first metacarpal bone basal part fracture fixing splint, the near-end plate can be fixed to the wrist of a patient through the third bridle, the far-end plate is fixed to the proximal joint basal part and the interphalangeal joint of the thumb through the first bridle and the second bridle, and the abduction angle of the thumb is controlled by adjusting the length of the adjusting rod; the first metacarpal bone basilar part is fixed, the hinged position of the near-end plate and the far-end plate is located at the wrist joint of the patient, the skin of the patient cannot be bruised, loosening caused by hand movement of the patient cannot happen, and therefore the good fixing effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical device technology, and specifically relates to a fixation splint for fractures of the base of the first metacarpal bone. Background Technology

[0002] Fractures of the base of the first metacarpal bone are a relatively common clinical condition. The causes of fractures are mostly mechanical entanglement or violence, and adults are the most frequently affected group. Due to the special location of the fracture, fixation is difficult.

[0003] Currently, there are two common methods for fixing fractures at the base of the first metacarpal bone:

[0004] 1. Splint; Splint is the most commonly used external fixation method. Its advantages include: breathability, a certain degree of elasticity and plasticity, and inexpensive materials; its disadvantages include: limited plasticity, because fixation of fractures at the base of the first metacarpal bone requires abduction of the thumb, and the splint has limited plasticity, resulting in a high risk of breakage due to bending;

[0005] Combination splints can easily cause pressure sores on the patient's hand skin;

[0006] The fixation is prone to loosening, easily caused by slight movements of the wrist and hand, leading to fixation failure.

[0007] 2. Plaster cast; its advantages include good plasticity, allowing adjustment to the required finger abduction angle; its disadvantages include poor breathability, heavy weight, and high cost. Furthermore, if the plaster cast is too tight, it can easily injure the patient's hand; if it is too loose, or after the swelling subsides, the fixation may fail, leading to fracture displacement.

[0008] As can be seen from the above, existing fixation methods can potentially cause pressure injuries to the patient's hand and are prone to fixation failure. Therefore, inventing a fixation device that can stably fix the base of the first metacarpal bone and avoid pressure injuries to the patient is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0009] This invention provides a fixation splint for fractures at the base of the first metacarpal bone, which solves the technical problem that existing fixation methods may cause pressure injuries to the patient's hand and are prone to fixation failure.

[0010] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0011] A fixation splint for fractures of the base of the first metacarpal bone, comprising a distal plate, a proximal plate, and an adjusting rod;

[0012] The fixed end of the distal plate is hinged to the fixed end of the proximal plate;

[0013] The distal end plate is provided with a first strap and a second strap, which are arranged along the length direction of the distal end plate.

[0014] A third strap is provided on the proximal plate;

[0015] The length of the adjusting rod is adjustable, and the two ends of the adjusting rod are respectively hinged to the back side of the distal end plate and the back side of the proximal end plate.

[0016] To better realize this utility model, the above structure is further optimized by providing a curved portion at the movable end of the distal plate, and the movable end of the curved portion is inclined toward the back side away from the distal plate.

[0017] To better realize this utility model, the above structure is further optimized. The included angle between the bent part and the distal plate is 160°, and the connection between the bent part and the distal plate is chamfered.

[0018] To better realize this utility model, the above structure is further optimized by chamfering the junction between the fixed end of the proximal plate and the front surface of the proximal plate.

[0019] To better realize this utility model, further optimizations are made to the above structure, wherein the adjusting rod includes a main rod and a telescopic rod;

[0020] The main rod is a tubular structure, and the fixed end of the main rod is hinged to the proximal end plate and the distal end plate.

[0021] The telescopic rod is slidably disposed at the movable end of the main rod along the length direction of the main rod, and the end of the telescopic rod away from the main rod is hinged to the distal end plate.

[0022] To better realize this utility model, further optimization is made to the above structure. A limiting protrusion is provided on the side wall of the telescopic rod, and the limiting protrusion can extend and retract along the radial direction of the telescopic rod.

[0023] The main body rod is provided with a plurality of limiting holes, which are arranged along the axial direction of the main body rod. The length of the telescopic rod is determined by the cooperation between the limiting protrusion and the limiting hole.

[0024] To better realize this utility model, the above structure is further optimized, and the telescopic rod and the main rod are interference fit.

[0025] To better realize this utility model, further optimization is made to the above structure. A limit block is provided at the fixed end of the telescopic rod, and the cross-sectional shape of the limit block matches the shape formed by the inner sidewall of the main rod.

[0026] The fixed end of the main rod is provided with an annular anti-detachment part. The shape of the inner sidewall of the anti-detachment part matches the cross-sectional shape of the telescopic rod. The fixed end of the telescopic rod is inserted into the main rod (31). The end of the telescopic rod (32) away from the main rod passes through the anti-detachment part and is hinged to the distal end plate.

[0027] To better realize this utility model, the above structure is further optimized, wherein the distal end plate and the proximal end plate are hinged by a hinge, and the hinge is located on the back side of the distal end plate and the proximal end plate.

[0028] To better realize this utility model, the above structure is further optimized, and both the distal plate and the proximal plate are made of high-density polyethylene.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0030] The proximal plate of the first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint provided by this utility model can be fixed to the patient's wrist by a third strap, and the distal plate is fixed to the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb and the interphalangeal joint by a first strap and a second strap. The abduction angle of the thumb can be controlled by adjusting the length of the adjusting rod to achieve fixation of the base of the first metacarpal. The hinge of the proximal plate and the distal plate is located at the patient's wrist joint, which will not cause pressure injury to the patient's skin and will not loosen due to the patient's hand movements, thus ensuring a good fixation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixation splint for fractures at the base of the first metacarpal bone according to this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a rear view of a fixation splint for fractures at the base of the first metacarpal bone according to this utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting rod (with a limiting protrusion and a limiting hole) in a fixation splint for fractures of the base of the first metacarpal bone according to this utility model.

[0035] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint of this utility model in use.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 1. Distal plate; 11. First strap; 12. Second strap; 13. Bend;

[0038] 2. Proximal end plate; 21. Third band;

[0039] 3. Adjusting rod; 31. Main rod; 311. Limiting hole; 312. Anti-detachment part; 32. Telescopic rod; 321. Limiting protrusion; 322. Limiting block;

[0040] 4. Hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0042] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the fixation splint for fractures at the base of the first metacarpal bone includes a distal plate 1, a proximal plate 2, and an adjusting rod 3. (See attached image.) Figure 1 and Figure 2 ;in,

[0045] The fixation end of the distal plate 1 is hinged to the fixation end of the proximal plate 2, so that the included angle between the distal plate 1 and the proximal plate 2 can be adjusted at will to meet the requirement of thumb abduction when the fracture position is fixed.

[0046] The distal plate 1 is provided with a first strap 11 and a second strap 12. The first strap 11 and the second strap 12 are arranged along the length of the distal plate 1. The first strap 11 is used to bind the interphalangeal joint of the thumb, and the second strap 12 is used to bind the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb, so as to achieve good fixation of the distal plate 1.

[0047] A third strap 21 is provided on the proximal plate 2, and the proximal plate 2 is fixed to the patient's wrist by the third strap 21;

[0048] The two ends of the adjusting rod 3 are hinged to the dorsal side of the distal plate 1 and the dorsal side of the proximal plate 2, respectively. The length of the adjusting rod 3 can be adjusted to control the included angle between the distal plate 1 and the proximal plate 2, thereby adapting to patients with different hand sizes (when fixed, the abduction angle of the thumb is different).

[0049] When using this first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint, medical staff can first adjust the length of the adjusting rod 3 to adjust the angle between the distal plate 1 and the proximal plate 2 so that it can meet the thumb abduction requirement when fixing the first metacarpal base fracture.

[0050] The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint is placed on the radial side of the patient's wrist, and the proximal plate 2 is fixed to the patient's wrist by the third strap 21. The distal plate 1 is fixed to the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb and the interphalangeal joint by the first strap 11 and the second strap 12 to achieve fixation of the base of the first metacarpal bone. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 ;

[0051] The hinge between the proximal plate 2 and the distal plate 1 in the first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint is located at the patient's wrist joint, which will not cause pressure injury to the patient's skin and will not loosen due to the patient's hand movements, thus ensuring a good fixation effect.

[0052] It should be noted that the fixed end of the first strap 11 is fixed to the side wall of the distal plate 1, and the front and back of the first strap 11 are respectively provided with male and female Velcro fasteners. When fixing the distal plate 1, the movable end of the first strap 11 is wrapped around the patient's thumb and wrapped around the distal plate 1, and fixed by Velcro fasteners to achieve the fixation of the distal plate 1.

[0053] The structures of the second strap 12 and the third strap 21 are the same as those of the first strap 11, and the fixing methods are also the same, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0054] In some embodiments, the movable end of the distal plate 1 is provided with a curved portion 13, the movable end of the curved portion 13 being inclined toward the dorsal side away from the distal plate 1 to correspond to the patient's interphalangeal joint, thereby flexing the distal phalanx of the thumb to reduce the tension of the metacarpophalangeal joint.

[0055] Preferably, the angle between the bent portion 13 and the distal plate 1 is 160°, see [reference]. Figure 1 The distal phalanx of the thumb is flexed by 20°, and the connection between the curved part 13 and the distal plate 1 is chamfered to improve the comfort of the first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint during use.

[0056] In some embodiments, the junction between the fixed end of the proximal plate 2 and the front surface of the proximal plate 2 is chamfered, see [reference]. Figure 1 This is to avoid direct contact or compression of the patient's wrist at the junction of the fixed end of the proximal plate 2 and the front of the proximal plate 2, which could cause compression of the patient's skin, and to further improve the comfort of the first metacarpal base fracture fixation clip.

[0057] It should be noted that the back and front sides of the proximal plate 2 mentioned above are opposite sides. The front side is the side that fits against the patient's skin during use, while the back side is the side that is away from the patient's skin during use.

[0058] The back and front of the distal plate 1 are two opposing sides. The front side is the side that fits against the patient's skin during use, while the back side is the side that is away from the patient's skin during use.

[0059] In some embodiments, the adjusting rod 3 described above includes a main rod 31 and a telescopic rod 32, see [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 ;in,

[0060] The main rod 31 is a tubular structure, and the fixed end of the main rod 31 is hinged to the near end plate 2;

[0061] The telescopic rod 32 is slidably disposed at the movable end of the main rod 31 along the length direction of the main rod 31, and the end of the telescopic rod 32 away from the main rod 31 is hinged to the far end plate 1. The length of the adjusting rod 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the movable end of the main rod 31 and the end of the telescopic rod 32 away from the main rod 31.

[0062] Specifically, the side wall of the aforementioned telescopic rod 32 is provided with a limit protrusion 321, see [reference]. Figure 3 The telescopic rod 32 is provided with a reset member inside. The restoring force of the reset member is parallel to the radial direction of the telescopic rod 32. The two ends of the reset member abut against the inner wall of the telescopic rod 32 and the limiting protrusion 321 respectively, pushing the limiting protrusion 321 away from the center of the telescopic rod 32.

[0063] The main body rod 31 is provided with multiple limiting holes 311, which are arranged along the axial direction of the main body rod 31.

[0064] When it is necessary to adjust the length of the telescopic rod 32, medical staff can press the limiting protrusion 321 into the inside of the telescopic rod 32 so that the end of the limiting protrusion 321 is flush with the outer surface of the telescopic rod 32. Then, the telescopic rod 32 can be pulled or pushed to change the length of the adjusting rod 3.

[0065] When the adjusting rod 3 is adjusted to the appropriate length, the limiting protrusion 321 will extend from the limiting hole 311 at the corresponding position. The length of the adjusting rod 3 is determined by the cooperation between the limiting protrusion 321 and the limiting hole 311. The cooperation between the limiting protrusion 321 and the limiting hole 311 can prevent the length of the adjusting rod 3 from changing on its own during use, thereby avoiding secondary injury to the patient's hand.

[0066] As another embodiment of the adjusting rod 3, the telescopic rod 32 in the adjusting rod 3 is interference-fitted with the main rod 31, that is, external force needs to be applied to adjust the distance between the movable end of the main rod 31 and the end of the telescopic rod 32 away from the main rod 31. This structure is simpler than the matching structure of the limiting protrusion 321 and the limiting hole 311 mentioned above, and the manufacturing cost is lower.

[0067] In some embodiments, a limit block 322 is provided at the fixed end of the telescopic rod 32, see [reference]. Figure 3 The cross-sectional shape of the limiting block 322 matches the shape formed by the inner sidewall of the main rod 31;

[0068] An annular anti-detachment part 312 is provided at the opening of the fixed end of the main body rod 31. The shape of the inner sidewall of the anti-detachment part 312 matches the cross-sectional shape of the telescopic rod 32. The end of the telescopic rod 32 away from the main body rod 31 passes through the anti-detachment part 312 and is hinged to the distal plate 1 to prevent the telescopic rod 32 from coming off the main body rod 31 when adjusting the length of the adjusting rod 3, so as to make the structure of the adjusting rod 3 more stable.

[0069] In some embodiments, the distal plate 1 and the proximal plate 2 are hinged by a hinge 4 located on the back side of the distal plate 1 and the proximal plate 2 to prevent the hinge 4 from compressing the patient's skin.

[0070] In some embodiments, both the distal plate 1 and the proximal plate 2 are made of high-density polyethylene. The distal plate 1 and the proximal plate 2 made of high-density polyethylene have good elasticity and plasticity, which prevents the distal plate 1 and the proximal plate 2 from breaking during use.

[0071] It should be noted that high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is a white powder or granular product. It is non-toxic, odorless, has a crystallinity of 80%–90%, a softening point of 125–135℃, and a service temperature up to 100℃. Its hardness, tensile strength, and creep resistance are superior to low-density polyethylene. High-density polyethylene refers to polyethylene with a molecular weight between 40,000 and 300,000. The distal plate 1 and proximal plate 2 made from it can meet the fixation requirements of the base of the first metacarpal bone.

[0072] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fixation splint for fractures at the base of the first metacarpal bone, characterized in that: It includes a distal plate (1), a proximal plate (2), and an adjusting rod (3); The fixed end of the distal plate (1) is hinged to the fixed end of the proximal plate (2); The distal plate (1) is provided with a first strap (11) and a second strap (12), and the first strap (11) and the second strap (12) are arranged along the length direction of the distal plate (1); A third strap (21) is provided on the proximal plate (2); The length of the adjusting rod (3) is adjustable, and the two ends of the adjusting rod (3) are respectively hinged to the back side of the distal plate (1) and the back side of the proximal plate (2).

2. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable end of the distal plate (1) is provided with a curved portion (13), and the movable end of the curved portion (13) is inclined toward the back side away from the distal plate (1).

3. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle between the curved portion (13) and the distal plate (1) is 160°, and the connection between the curved portion (13) and the distal plate (1) is chamfered.

4. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The junction between the fixed end of the proximal plate (2) and the front surface of the proximal plate (2) is chamfered.

5. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (3) includes a main rod (31) and a telescopic rod (32); The main rod (31) is a tubular structure, and the fixed end of the main rod (31) is hinged to the proximal end plate (2); The telescopic rod (32) is slidably disposed at the movable end of the main body rod (31) along the length direction of the main body rod (31), and the end of the telescopic rod (32) away from the main body rod (31) is hinged to the distal plate (1).

6. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (32) has a limiting protrusion (321) on its side wall, and the limiting protrusion (321) can extend and retract along the radial direction of the telescopic rod (32). The main body rod (31) is provided with a plurality of limiting holes (311), which are arranged along the axial direction of the main body rod (31). The telescopic rod (32) and the main body rod (31) determine the length of the adjusting rod (3) through the cooperation of the limiting protrusion (321) and the limiting hole (311).

7. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (32) and the main rod (31) are interference fit.

8. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The fixed end of the telescopic rod (32) is provided with a limiting block (322), and the cross-sectional shape of the limiting block (322) matches the shape formed by the inner sidewall of the main rod (31). An annular anti-detachment part (312) is provided at the opening of the fixed end of the main rod (31). The shape of the inner sidewall of the anti-detachment part (312) matches the cross-sectional shape of the telescopic rod (32). The fixed end of the telescopic rod (32) is inserted into the main rod (31). The end of the telescopic rod (32) away from the main rod (31) passes through the anti-detachment part (312) and is hinged to the distal plate (1).

9. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal plate (1) and the proximal plate (2) are hinged by a hinge (4) located on the back side of the distal plate (1) and the proximal plate (2).

10. The first metacarpal base fracture fixation splint according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the distal plate (1) and the proximal plate (2) are made of high-density polyethylene.

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