Appliance for transdermal delivery of active ingredients

Abstract

The utility model discloses an appliance for transdermal delivery of active ingredients, which comprises a main body shell and a head shell, the head shell is provided with an inner electrode and an outer electrode which are coaxially arranged, the inner electrode comprises a conductive base layer and conductive salient points which are distributed on the surface of the conductive base layer in an array mode, and an insulating layer covers a non-working area and exposes the tops of the salient points to serve as electrode points. And the main body shell adopts a modular nested structure, so that the assembly efficiency is improved. The inner electrode structure realizes electric field focusing through the array design of the conductive salient points, the working voltage requirement is reduced, and the energy loss is reduced; the integrated design eliminates interface contact resistance and improves the current transmission efficiency; the design of the opening of the insulating layer accurately controls the electric field action range and enhances the space targeting; the design of a transition layer and a groove is omitted, the manufacturing complexity and cost are reduced, and the device is suitable for efficient transdermal delivery of active ingredients and can be expanded to the fields of beauty, chronic disease treatment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bioelectrode technology, and more particularly to a device for transdermal delivery of active ingredients. Background Technology

[0002] Electroporation is a unique physical phenomenon of cells. Under the influence of an electric field, especially when the field strength exceeds a certain threshold, the dense structure composed of keratinocytes and the intercellular lipid layer physically rearranges to form transient channels, enabling efficient transdermal delivery of drugs / ingredients. With the development and advancement of the drill-wall theory model of the skin electroporation mechanism, electroporation technology has been widely applied in transdermal drug delivery, cosmetic dermatology, and other applications.

[0003] However, the high-voltage pulses of traditional electroporation can cause some living cells to die due to cell membrane damage, resulting in a relatively high cell mortality rate. This high mortality rate of exogenously introduced molecules can affect the efficacy of skin rejuvenation and transdermal drug delivery. Furthermore, high-voltage pulses can cause dermal capillary dilation due to electric field stimulation, leading to erythema and even mild swelling, affecting the user's experience. Moreover, existing bipolar electroporation systems require voltage gradients exceeding 100V to generate an effective electric field strength, but only 10%-20% of the energy actually reaches the target tissue. A large amount of energy is wasted as heat loss or non-specific ionization, resulting in high power consumption, poor battery life, and the potential safety risks of skin burns from continuous high-voltage output. In addition, traditional electrode configurations use single-point or bipolar planar arrangements, resulting in a diffuse electric field distribution. Non-target areas (such as subcutaneous nerves and blood vessels) are easily exposed to the high-intensity electric field, leading to a narrow treatment window. Experimental data shows that conventional bipolar systems at 1.5J / cm²... 2 At the specified energy density, the electric field strength on the skin surface is only 30 V / cm, and the field strength decay is exponentially correlated with tissue depth.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN115637225A discloses a microelectrode structure and its fabrication method, comprising: a substrate layer; a transition layer located on one side of the substrate layer, with a groove penetrating the transition layer; an electrode layer located on the side of the transition layer opposite to the substrate layer, the electrode layer covering the bottom and sidewalls of the groove, and covering the surface of the transition layer opposite to the substrate layer; an insulating layer located within the groove and on the side of the electrode layer opposite to the substrate layer, the insulating layer exposing a portion of the electrode layer on the side of the transition layer opposite to the substrate layer to form multiple microelectrode units; and an array of multiple microelectrode units. While this microelectrode structure forms multiple microelectrode units to achieve electroporation technology, it possesses advantages such as high inertness, good stability, and good biocompatibility. However, its multi-layer composite structure (including: substrate layer, transition layer, electrode layer, and insulating layer) is complex, making the fabrication process cumbersome and costly. Furthermore, the interfaces of the multi-layer materials may exhibit poor adhesion or stress concentration, affecting long-term stability and thus the lifespan of products using this structure.

[0005] Therefore, overcoming the aforementioned shortcomings has become an important issue that urgently needs to be addressed by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems of low energy utilization efficiency, insufficient spatial targeting, limited penetration depth, complex structure, complex assembly, cumbersome preparation process, and high cost of existing bioelectrodes, this invention provides a device for transdermal delivery of active ingredients. To achieve the above objectives, this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A device for transdermal delivery of active ingredients includes: a main body shell 1 and a head shell 2 connected to the main body shell 1. The head shell 2 is provided with an inner electrode 3 and an outer electrode 4, the inner electrode 3 and the outer electrode 4 having opposite polarities. A PCB board 5 is installed inside the main body shell 1. The PCB board 5 is provided with a positive electrode connection terminal 51 and a negative electrode connection terminal 52. The inner electrode 3 and the outer electrode 4 are electrically connected to the positive electrode connection terminal 51 / negative electrode connection terminal 52 according to their own polarity requirements.

[0008] The internal electrode 3 includes:

[0009] Conductive base layer 31;

[0010] Multiple conductive bumps 32 are formed on one side surface of the conductive base layer 31;

[0011] An insulating layer 33 covers one side surface of a conductive base layer 31 with conductive bumps 32;

[0012] An opening 34 is formed on the insulating layer 33 to expose a portion of the conductive bump 32.

[0013] Preferably, the inner electrode 3 is disposed in the middle of the top surface of the head shell 2, and the outer electrode 4 surrounds the outer side of the inner electrode 3 in a ring. An inner and outer electrode insulating layer 22 is provided between the inner electrode 3 and the outer electrode 4.

[0014] Preferably, the head housing 2 includes: an outer electrode bracket 21 positioned and mounted above the main body housing 1 by a first positioning structure; an outer electrode 4 limited and mounted within the outer electrode bracket 21; an inner and outer electrode insulating layer 22 limited and mounted within the outer electrode 4; an inner electrode bracket 23 embedded and mounted within the outer electrode insulating layer 22; and a housing portion 24 connected to the outer periphery of the outer electrode bracket 21. The inner electrode 3 is mounted on the top surface of the inner electrode bracket 23. The first positioning structure includes: a positioning recess 61 provided on the main body housing 1 and a positioning tooth 62 protruding downward from the bottom surface of the supporting housing portion 21 and engaging into the positioning recess 61.

[0015] Preferably, the main housing 1 includes a bottom housing 11 and a mounting housing 12 detachably connected to the top of the bottom housing 11 by threads; the bottom housing 11 houses the PCB board 5 and a battery 13 for powering the PCB board 5, has a charging port 14 for charging the battery 13 at the bottom, and a first through hole 15 for wires to pass through at the top; the mounting housing 16 is screwed into the head housing 2 by threads.

[0016] Preferably, the outer electrode support 21 is made of insulating material, and the inner electrode support 23 has a second through hole 232 for the wire to pass through.

[0017] Preferably, the multiple conductive bumps 32 are arranged in a circular array; the conductive bumps 32 are integrally formed with the conductive base layer 31.

[0018] Preferably, a portion of each conductive bump 32 exposed outside the insulating layer 33 serves as an electrode point 321, and the surface of the exposed portion of the conductive bump 32 is planar.

[0019] Preferably, the multiple conductive bumps 32 are arranged in a circular array, the conductive bumps 32 are truncated cones, and the opening 34 is a circular opening.

[0020] Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent conductive bumps 32 is 1-999um, the height of each conductive bump 32 is 10-200um, and the diameter of each opening 34 is 10-500um.

[0021] Preferably, the inner electrode 3 further includes a gold plating layer 35 formed on the electrode point 321.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] 1. The conductive bumps of the internal electrode in this invention are arrayed to focus the electric field on localized, tiny electrode points. This allows devices using this internal electrode to focus the electric field on these tiny electrode points, resulting in a higher current density compared to existing beauty devices or medical devices with large planar electrodes. This reduces the required operating voltage, enabling a stronger electric field even at a lower operating voltage. This allows for opening the stratum corneum to achieve electroporation, ensuring the delivery of active ingredients. It also reduces the voltage, preventing users from experiencing skin irritation, erythema, or other discomfort, thus improving the user experience. Furthermore, the focused electric field reduces energy diffusion loss to non-target areas, thereby reducing the overall thermal effect and preventing the introduced active substances from becoming inactive due to excessive heat.

[0024] 2. In this design, the inner electrode is located in the center of the top surface of the head shell, while the outer electrode surrounds it in a ring. This arrangement helps to create a more uniform and focused electric field. The electric field radiates from the inner electrode to the outer electrode, resulting in a more uniform distribution of electric field intensity within the target delivery area. It also allows for more effective focusing on the area where the active ingredient needs to be delivered, improving the efficiency of transdermal delivery. This arrangement of the inner and outer electrodes makes the device structure more compact and rational, facilitating portability and use. Furthermore, in practical applications, since the inner and outer electrodes are on the same plane in contact with the human body, a circuit can be formed even when used alone, making it convenient to use.

[0025] 3. This design utilizes a positioning recess on the top surface of the mounting shell of the main body and matching positioning teeth on the bottom surface of the outer electrode bracket to form a first positioning structure. This ensures precise positioning between the head shell and the main body shell, reducing installation errors. The installation method is simple and direct, facilitating quick installation and disassembly, and providing accurate positioning and convenient installation. The outer electrode bracket, inner and outer electrode insulating layers, and outer and inner electrode brackets are nested together, with each component tightly fitted by steps, forming a stable structural system. This improves the overall strength of the product, preventing internal components from loosening due to external forces. Furthermore, it helps reduce vibration and noise, enhancing the user experience and facilitating the application of the device in beauty and medical settings. The elastic annular protrusion on the inner wall of the outer electrode engages with the annular groove of the inner electrode bracket, requiring only pressing for fixation without additional fasteners, significantly reducing assembly difficulty and further simplifying the installation process. The inner electrode wires are connected to the PCB board through the second and first through holes, while the outer electrode wires are directly connected through the first through hole. This facilitates the connection of the wires to the inner and outer electrodes, resulting in reasonable wiring, reducing interference and crossing between wires, and avoiding signal interference. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the device in Embodiment 1 of this case.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the device in Embodiment 1 of this case.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal electrode structure in Embodiment 1 of this case.

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of point A.

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure under the AA cross-sectional view.

[0031] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of point B.

[0032] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of the head shell in one embodiment of this case.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the device in Embodiment 1 of this case.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the device in Embodiment 1 of this case, showing a partial concealment of the housing.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the PCB board and the battery, the inner electrode (which needs to be the positive electrode), and the outer electrode (which needs to be the negative electrode) in Embodiment 1 of this case.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal electrode support structure in Embodiment 1 of this case.

[0037] Figure 12 This is Example 2 of the case. Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the addition of a gold plating layer to the base material. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following examples provide a more detailed description of the features and other related characteristics of this utility model, to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a device for transdermal delivery of active ingredients includes: a main body housing 1 and a head housing 2 detachably screwed onto the main body housing 1. The head housing 2 is provided with an inner electrode 3 and an outer electrode 4, the inner electrode 3 and the outer electrode 4 having opposite polarities; a PCB board 5 is installed inside the main body housing 1, the PCB board 5 being used to control its internal circuitry to output a specific electric field to the inner / outer electrodes;

[0041] The PCB board 5 is provided with a positive terminal 51 and a negative terminal 52. The inner electrode 3 and the outer electrode 4 are electrically connected to the positive terminal 51 and the negative terminal 52 according to their own polarity requirements. For example, if the outer electrode is required to be positive and the inner electrode is required to be negative, the positive terminal 51 is electrically connected to the outer electrode through a wire, and the negative terminal 52 is electrically connected to the inner electrode through a wire, which is used to output a specific electric field to the inner / outer electrode. In specific implementation, the inner electrode 3 is centered and the outer electrode 4 surrounds it in a ring, forming an axisymmetric electric field, naturally avoiding edge effects and making the energy distribution more uniform.

[0042] The inner electrode 3 includes: a conductive base layer 31, multiple conductive bumps 32, and an insulating layer 33. The conductive base layer 31 is made of conductive metal or conductive semiconductor material. Multiple arrayed conductive bumps 32 are formed on one side surface of the conductive base layer 31. The conductive bumps 32 are manufactured by electrochemical etching or laser engraving of the conductive base layer, and the conductive base layer 31 and the conductive bumps 32 are integrally formed. The insulating layer 33 is pressed onto one side surface of the conductive base layer 31 with conductive bumps 32, covering both the side of the conductive base layer 31 with conductive bumps 32 and the surface of the conductive bumps 32. Then, through a polishing process, the insulating layer of the conductive bumps 32 is polished away, exposing a portion of the conductive structure of the conductive bumps 32 as electrode points 321 that come into contact with human skin. An opening 34 is formed on the insulating layer 33 to expose a portion of the conductive bumps 32. The multiple conductive bumps are distributed in an array.

[0043] As described above, the conductive bumps of the internal electrode in this invention are arrayed to focus the electric field on localized, tiny electrode points. This allows devices using this internal electrode to focus the electric field on these tiny electrode points, resulting in a higher current density compared to existing beauty devices or medical devices with large planar electrodes. This reduces the required operating voltage, enabling a stronger electric field even at a lower operating voltage. This allows for opening the stratum corneum to achieve electroporation, ensuring the delivery of active ingredients. It also reduces the voltage, preventing users from experiencing skin irritation, erythema, or other discomfort, thus improving the user experience. Furthermore, the focused electric field reduces energy loss due to diffusion to non-target areas, thereby reducing the overall thermal effect and preventing the introduced active substances from becoming inactive due to excessive heat.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the inner electrode 3 is disposed in the middle of the top surface of the head shell 2, the outer electrode 4 surrounds the outer side of the inner electrode 3 in a ring, and an inner and outer electrode insulating layer 22 is provided between the inner electrode 3 and the outer electrode 4.

[0045] As described above, the inner electrode is located in the center of the top surface of the head shell, and the outer electrode surrounds it in a ring. This arrangement helps to form a more uniform and focused electric field. The electric field is distributed radially from the inner electrode to the outer electrode, making the electric field intensity more uniformly distributed within the target delivery area (such as the skin surface), and more effectively focusing on the area where the active ingredient needs to be delivered, thus improving the efficiency of transdermal delivery. This arrangement of the inner and outer electrodes makes the device structure more compact and reasonable, easy to carry and use. The insulating layer 22 between the inner and outer electrodes isolates the two electrodes, ensuring that the current is transmitted only in the predetermined circuit while avoiding the risk of short circuits caused by contact or dielectric breakdown between the two electrodes. Furthermore, in practical applications, since the inner and outer electrodes are in contact with the human body on the same plane, a circuit can be formed even when the user uses it alone, making it convenient to use.

[0046] like Figures 1-2 , Figures 8-10 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the main housing 1 includes a bottom shell 11 and a mounting shell 12 detachably screwed onto the top of the bottom shell 11 via threads. Specifically, the bottom shell 11 has threads on its outer top surface, and the mounting shell 12 has threads on its inner bottom surface. A waterproof sealing ring 17 is installed between the bottom shell 11 and the mounting shell 12. The PCB board 5 is longitudinally mounted inside the bottom shell 11, and a battery 13 for powering the PCB board 5 is connected to the PCB board 5. The battery can be a lithium battery. The bottom of the bottom shell 11 has a charging port 14 for charging the battery 13, and the top has a first through hole 15 for wires to pass through. Specifically, the PCB board 5 is a rectangular plate with two protrusions on its edge. The positive terminal 51 and the negative terminal 52 are installed at these two protrusions. The mounting shell 16 is screwed onto the head housing 2 via threads on its outer top surface.

[0047] As described above, the main housing 1 is formed by a bottom housing 11 and a mounting housing 12, which are detachably screwed together to facilitate maintenance and replacement of internal components. A waterproof sealing ring 17 is installed between the bottom housing 11 and the mounting housing 12 to effectively prevent moisture, dust, and other external impurities from entering the housing, protecting the internal electronic components from damage and improving the reliability and stability of the product. A charging port 14 is provided at the bottom of the bottom housing 11, allowing users to conveniently charge the battery 13 without disassembling the entire device, improving ease of use. A first through hole 15 is provided at the top of the bottom housing 11 to facilitate the passage of wires on the PCB board 5 and their connection with the internal and external electrodes, ensuring a reasonable wire layout while also contributing to the overall compactness of the product structure.

[0048] like Figures 7-8As shown, the head housing 2, from the outside to the inside, includes: an outer shell portion 24, an outer electrode bracket 21, an outer electrode 4, an inner and outer electrode insulating layer 22, an inner electrode bracket 23, and an inner electrode 3. The outer electrode bracket 21 is positioned above the main body housing 1. The top surface of the mounting shell portion 12 of the main body housing 1 is recessed to form a positioning recess 61. The bottom surface of the outer electrode bracket 21 protrudes downward to form positioning teeth 62 that fit with the positioning recess 61. The positioning recess 61 and the positioning teeth 62 form a first positioning structure. During actual installation, the positioning teeth 62 are engaged with the positioning recess 61 to achieve positioning installation. The outer electrode bracket 21 has a stepped portion on its inner side for the outer electrode 4 to be inserted into for installation. The outer electrode 4 also has a stepped portion on its inner side for the inner and outer electrode insulating layer 22 to be inserted into for installation. The outer electrode 4 is ring-shaped. An inner electrode support 23 is embedded within the inner and outer electrode insulating layer 22, and the inner electrode 3 is mounted on the top surface of the inner electrode support 23. An outer shell 24 covers the outer periphery of the outer electrode support 21, and the outer shell 24 has internal threads that engage with the mounting shell 16. Specifically, the inner electrode support 23 has one or more annular positioning grooves 231 recessed in its inner wall, and the inner and outer electrode insulating layer 22 has one or more annular protrusions 221 corresponding to the number of annular positioning grooves 231 protruding from its inner wall. These annular protrusions 221 are elastic, allowing the inner electrode support 23 to be easily inserted into the inner and outer electrode insulating layer 22 during installation by pressing it downwards. Furthermore, the outer electrode support 21 is made of insulating material, and the inner electrode support 23 has a second through hole 232 for wires to pass through. Wires connecting the positive and negative terminals of the circuit board can sequentially pass through the first through hole and connect electrically to the inner electrode. Wires connecting to the outer electrode can directly connect electrically to the positive and negative terminals of the circuit board through the first through hole.

[0049] As described above, this invention forms a first positioning structure by providing a positioning recess on the top surface of the mounting shell of the main body and a corresponding positioning tooth on the bottom surface of the outer electrode bracket. This facilitates precise installation between the head shell and the main body shell, reduces installation errors, and makes the installation method simple and direct, allowing for quick installation and disassembly. The outer electrode bracket, the inner and outer electrode insulating layers, and the outer electrode and inner electrode bracket are nested together. Each component is tightly fitted together through stepped sections, forming a stable structural system. This improves the overall strength of the product, preventing internal components from loosening due to external forces. It also helps reduce vibration and noise, enhancing the user experience and facilitating the application of the device in beauty and medical settings. The elastic annular protrusion on the inner wall of the outer electrode engages with the annular groove of the inner electrode bracket, requiring only pressing to secure it without additional fasteners, significantly reducing assembly difficulty and further simplifying the installation process. The inner electrode wires are connected to the PCB board through the second and first through holes, while the outer electrode wires are directly connected through the first through hole. This facilitates the connection of wires to the inner and outer electrodes, resulting in reasonable wiring that reduces interference and crossing between wires and avoids signal interference. In addition, the external electrode support 21 is made of insulating material, which can serve as an external insulating layer to isolate the external electrode from the outside, further ensuring electrical safety.

[0050] like Figures 3-6 As shown, in one specific implementation, multiple conductive bumps 32 are arranged in a circular array; the conductive bumps 32 are integrally formed with the conductive base layer 31. Specifically, the conductive bumps 32 are truncated cones, and the openings 34 are circular. Furthermore, by directly forming the conductive bumps on the base layer, the transition layer and groove design are eliminated, reducing manufacturing complexity and cost. In a specific implementation, the conductive bumps and the circular openings form a vertical-radial composite electric field, allowing the vertical component to act on the stratum corneum, utilizing a high current density (>1 A / cm²). 2 It quickly opens the lipid barrier; the radial component guides the electric field to diffuse into the subcutaneous tissue through the gradient field strength of the conical sidewall, and the penetration depth can reach 5-6 mm (the traditional planar electrode is only 2-3 mm).

[0051] As described above, the circular array arrangement creates a symmetrical ring-shaped distribution of the electric field superposition area of ​​adjacent conductive bumps 32, optimizing the electric field focusing effect and avoiding local hot spots. The conductive base layer 31 and conductive bumps 32 are integrally molded, eliminating the interface contact resistance of traditional multilayer structures, reducing overall impedance, improving current transmission efficiency, and reducing ineffective energy loss during transmission. The conductive bumps 32 are designed in a truncated cone shape, forming a gradually narrowing geometric structure that allows the electric field to gradually increase from the bottom to the top, achieving a gradient distribution of the electric field. This avoids the localized high field strength (which can easily lead to cell damage) of traditional sharp conical electrodes, and enhances the electric field strength of deep tissues through geometric focusing. The circular opening design, utilizing the absence of sharp corners on the circular edge and matching the geometric symmetry of the truncated cone, can uniformly disperse thermal or mechanical stress between the insulating layer and the bumps, improving structural durability.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, in one specific implementation, a portion of each conductive bump 32 exposed outside the insulating layer 33 serves as an electrode point 321, and the surface of the exposed portion of the conductive bump 32 is planar. Thus, the electrode point 21 exposed by the conductive bump 32 through the polishing process has a planar structure, which on the one hand ensures uniform pressure distribution when in contact with the skin, avoiding localized current concentration; on the other hand, it forces the current to penetrate the skin vertically, reducing lateral diffusion and improving focusing efficiency.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent conductive bumps 32 is 1-999 μm, preferably 20-600 μm. The height of each conductive bump ranges from 10-200 μm, preferably 100-200 μm; the diameter of each opening 34 ranges from 10-500 μm, preferably 50-200 μm. Thus, by limiting the spacing between adjacent conductive bumps and the opening diameter (i.e., the exposed top diameter of the conductive bump), a far greater number of conductive bumps than existing large electrodes can be integrated within the same unit area. When the same voltage or current is applied, the current can be more evenly distributed across the conductive bumps, effectively increasing the current density. The 1-999 μm, 10-200 μm, and 10-500 μm size ranges allow for flexible adaptation to different cell sizes or experimental requirements.

[0054] In summary, the main body and head housing of this device are detachably connected by threads, facilitating cleaning, maintenance, and component replacement. The arrayed design of the conductive protrusions on the internal electrodes focuses the electric field onto tiny local electrode points. This allows devices using these internal electrodes to concentrate the electric field on these specific points, resulting in higher current density compared to existing beauty or medical devices with large planar electrodes. This reduces the required operating voltage, enabling a stronger electric field even at lower voltages. While this allows for electroporation by opening the stratum corneum to ensure the delivery of active ingredients, it also reduces the risk of skin irritation, erythema, or other discomfort, improving the user experience. Furthermore, the focused electric field reduces energy loss to non-target areas, minimizing overall thermal effects and preventing the inactivation of the active substances due to excessive heat. The opening 34 in the insulating layer 3 allows for precise control of the electric field's range, avoiding exposure to non-target tissues and enhancing spatial targeting. This design utilizes a PCB board to output a specific electric field to the inner and outer electrodes, achieving precise control over the electric field strength and distribution. This helps optimize transdermal delivery and ensures that the active ingredients are delivered efficiently and accurately to the target tissue. The PCB board features positive and negative terminals, and the inner and outer electrodes are electrically connected to the opposite polarity terminals (positive / negative) to ensure correct circuit connection and guarantee the normal operation and stability of the device.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] like Figure 12 As shown, in Embodiment 2, based on Embodiment 1, the inner electrode 3 further includes a gold-plated layer 35 formed on the electrode point 321. This improves the biocompatibility between the electrode and the skin.

[0057] In summary, the device in this case employs a coaxial dual-electrode layout (central inner electrode + ring-shaped outer electrode) to form an axisymmetric electric field, naturally avoiding edge effects and improving the uniformity of the electric field distribution. Its inner electrode, through its innovative design, achieves multiple beneficial effects, including electric field focusing, improved energy utilization efficiency, precise control of the electric field's range of action, simplified preparation process, and improved electrode-skin compatibility. These beneficial effects collectively enhance the device's performance and user experience, providing an efficient, safe, and convenient solution for transdermal delivery of active ingredients, which can be extended to fields such as beauty and chronic disease treatment.

[0058] As stated above, this case protects an apparatus for transdermal delivery of active ingredients, and all technical solutions that are the same as or similar to this case should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this case.

Claims

1. A device for transdermal delivery of an active ingredient, characterized in that, include: The main body housing (1) and the head housing (2) connected to the main body housing (1) are provided with an inner electrode (3) and an outer electrode (4), and the polarity of the inner electrode (3) and the outer electrode (4) is opposite. A PCB board (5) is installed inside the main body housing (1), and the PCB board (5) is provided with a positive electrode connection terminal (51) and a negative electrode connection terminal (52). The inner electrode (3) and the outer electrode (4) are electrically connected to the positive electrode connection terminal (51) / negative electrode connection terminal (52) according to their own polarity requirements. The internal electrode (3) includes: Conductive base layer (31); Multiple conductive bumps (32) are formed on one side surface of the conductive base layer (31); An insulating layer (33) covers one side surface of a conductive base layer (31) with conductive bumps (32); An opening (34) is formed on the insulating layer (33) to expose a portion of the conductive bump (32).

2. The appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner electrode (3) is located in the middle of the top surface of the head shell (2), and the outer electrode (4) surrounds the outer side of the inner electrode (3) in a ring. An inner and outer electrode insulating layer (22) is provided between the inner electrode (3) and the outer electrode (4).

3. The appliance according to claim 2, characterized in that, The head housing (2) includes: an outer electrode bracket (21) positioned and installed above the main body housing (1) by a first positioning structure; an outer electrode (4) limited and installed in the outer electrode bracket (21); an inner and outer electrode insulating layer (22) limited and installed in the outer electrode (4); an inner electrode bracket (23) embedded and installed in the outer electrode insulating layer (22); and a shell portion (24) connected to the outer periphery of the outer electrode bracket (21). The inner electrode (3) is installed on the top surface of the inner electrode bracket (23). The first positioning structure includes: a positioning recess (61) provided on the main body housing (1) and a positioning tooth (62) protruding downward from the bottom surface of the supporting shell portion (21) and engaging into the positioning recess (61).

4. The appliance according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main body housing (1) includes a bottom shell (11) and a mounting shell (12) detachably connected to the top of the bottom shell (11) by threads; the bottom shell (11) houses the PCB board (5) and a battery (13) for powering the PCB board (5), a charging port (14) for charging the battery (13) is provided at the bottom, and a first through hole (15) for wires to pass through is provided at the top; the mounting shell (16) is screwed into the head housing (2) by threads.

5. The appliance according to any one of claims 3-4, characterized in that, The outer electrode support (21) is made of insulating material, and the inner electrode support (23) has a second through hole (232) for the wire to pass through.

6. The appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple conductive bumps (32) are arranged in a circular array; the conductive bumps (32) are integrally formed with the conductive base layer (31).

7. The appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each conductive bump (32) has a portion exposed outside the insulating layer (33) as an electrode point (321), and the surface of the exposed portion of the conductive bump (32) is planar.

8. The appliance according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, Multiple conductive bumps (32) are arranged in a circular array, the conductive bumps (32) are truncated cones, and the opening (34) is a circular opening.

9. The appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent conductive bumps (32) is 1-999um, the height of each conductive bump (32) is 10-200um, and the diameter of each opening (34) is 10-500um.

10. The appliance according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The inner electrode (3) further includes a gold plating layer (35) formed on the electrode point (321).

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