Multi-section fixed bed reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-section type fixed bed reactor which comprises a barrel, an upper tube plate, an upper sealing head, a lower tube plate, a lower sealing head and reaction tubes, a liquid separation groove is formed in the upper tube plate, the upper ends of the reaction tubes are communicated with the liquid separation groove, a space formed by the barrel, the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate is a shell pass space, and the multi-section type fixed bed reactor further comprises at least one partition plate arranged in the barrel. The partition plates are located between the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate and divide the shell pass space into a plurality of sub-spaces which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The partition plates are provided with penetrating holes allowing the reaction tube nests to penetrate through, at least one sealing ring is arranged between the penetrating holes and the reaction tube nests, and the side wall of each sub-space is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet. The partition plates are arranged to form the multiple separated sub-spaces, each sub-space is provided with the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet, sectional type heat exchange can be achieved, and the process requirements that heating is needed in the earlier stage of catalytic reaction and cooling is needed in the later stage of catalytic reaction are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical equipment, specifically to a multi-stage fixed-bed reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Gas-liquid fixed-bed reactors are common chemical reactors. Liquid materials flow downwards along the direction of gravity and come into full contact with and react with countercurrent or parallel-flowing reaction gases (such as hydrogen) in a solid catalyst particle bed.

[0003] Existing fixed-bed reactors are monolithic and cannot meet the requirements of heating at the front end and gradually cooling and removing heat at the back end of the catalytic reaction. This results in the temperature inside the reaction tube failing to meet process requirements, leading to low purity of the finished product and a large number of reaction byproducts. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a multi-stage fixed-bed reactor.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A multi-stage fixed-bed reactor includes a cylindrical body, an upper tube sheet disposed at the upper end of the cylindrical body, an upper end cap disposed at the upper end of the cylindrical body, a lower tube sheet disposed at the lower end of the cylindrical body, a lower end cap disposed at the lower end of the cylindrical body, and a reaction tube array disposed between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet. A liquid distribution groove is formed on the upper tube sheet, and the upper end of the reaction tube array communicates with the liquid distribution groove. The space formed by the cylindrical body, the upper tube sheet, and the lower tube sheet is a shell-side space. The reactor also includes at least one baffle disposed within the cylindrical body, located between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, which divides the shell-side space into multiple sub-spaces arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The baffle has a through hole for the reaction tube array to pass through, and at least one sealing ring is disposed between the through hole and the reaction tube array. Each sub-space has a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet on its sidewall.

[0007] This application forms multiple mutually separated compartments by setting up partitions. Each compartment has a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet, which can realize segmented heat exchange and solve the process requirements of heating in the early stage and cooling in the later stage of catalytic reaction. The partitions and reaction tubes are sealed with sealing rings to achieve the requirements of segmented temperature control.

[0008] In one embodiment of this utility model, there are two partitions and three partition spaces.

[0009] In practical applications, more partitions can be set to achieve more precise temperature control requirements.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet of the partition space are respectively located on both sides of the partition space, with the heat exchange medium inlet located at the lower end of the partition space and the heat exchange medium outlet located at the upper end of the partition space.

[0011] This setup allows for better and more uniform heat exchange.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, the partition is a heat insulation board.

[0013] In practical applications, insulation panels can be made from existing insulation materials or formed by setting an insulation layer on the panel.

[0014] In one embodiment of this utility model, the lower end cap has a pipe opening, and the multi-segment fixed bed reactor further includes a flexible multi-point thermocouple. The flexible multi-point thermocouple includes a detection segment, a wire segment, and a junction box arranged sequentially. The detection segment is inserted into the reaction tube from bottom to top and fixed to the reaction tube. The junction box is located outside the lower end cap. One end of the wire segment is connected to the detection segment, and the other end passes through the lower end cap and is connected to the junction box. The detection segment passes through each sub-space sequentially. The flexible multi-point thermocouple can detect the temperature inside the reaction tube in each sub-space.

[0015] Conventional sheathed thermocouples cannot extend into the reaction tube from the top end cap. This application utilizes flexible multi-point thermocouples to solve the problem that the temperature-sensing thermocouple cannot extend into the reaction tube from the top end cap due to the presence of a distributor plate at the top tube sheet. The probe section of the flexible multi-point thermocouple in this application is inserted into the reaction tube from bottom to top, allowing direct contact with the reaction medium and providing accurate measurements. Furthermore, the probe section sequentially passes through each compartment, enabling the flexible multi-point thermocouple to detect the temperature within each compartment of the reaction tube. In practical applications, the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in each compartment can be controlled and adjusted based on the values ​​measured by the flexible multi-point thermocouple, achieving more precise control and ensuring high purity of the reaction product and minimal reaction byproducts.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible multi-point thermocouple also has a thermocouple flange on one side of the junction box, and the flexible multi-point thermocouple is fixed to the pipe opening through the thermocouple flange.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall of the probe segment near the end of the conductor segment has a mounting portion, and the mounting portion is fixed to the reaction tube.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mounting part includes a plurality of fixed fins spaced apart around the detection section, and the fixed fins are fixedly engaged with the reaction tube.

[0019] The design of the fixed fins allows the probe section to contact the inner wall of the reaction tube for easy fixation. In addition, this structure can form a large space between itself and the inner wall of the reaction tube, which facilitates the discharge of reaction products from the reaction tube and can minimize the impact on flow rate caused by the installation of the probe section.

[0020] In one embodiment of this utility model, the upper sealing head has a liquid inlet and an air inlet.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the lower sealing head has a discharge port, and the lower end of the lower sealing head has a liquid outlet.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This application forms multiple mutually separated spaces by setting up partitions. Each space has a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet, which can realize segmented heat exchange and solve the process requirements of heating in the early stage and cooling in the later stage of catalytic reaction. The partitions and reaction tubes are sealed with sealing rings to achieve the requirements of segmented temperature control. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage fixed-bed reactor;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the probe section and the reaction tubes;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible multi-point thermocouple.

[0028] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0029] 1. Shell; 2. Upper tube sheet; 21. Separating tank; 3. Upper head; 31. Liquid inlet; 32. Air inlet; 4. Lower tube sheet; 5. Lower head; 51. Pipe port; 52. Discharge port; 53. Liquid outlet; 6. Reactor tubes; 7. Baffle; 71. Through hole; 72. Sealing ring; 8. Flexible multi-point thermocouple; 81. Detection section; 811. Mounting section; 8111. Fixing fins; 82. Wire section; 83. Junction box; 84. Thermocouple flange; 10. Shell-side space; 10a. Separating space; 101. Heat exchange medium inlet; 102. Heat exchange medium outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a multi-stage fixed-bed reactor includes a cylindrical body 1, an upper tube sheet 2 disposed at the upper end of the cylindrical body 1, an upper end cap 3 disposed at the upper end of the cylindrical body 1, a lower tube sheet 4 disposed at the lower end of the cylindrical body 1, a lower end cap 5 disposed at the lower end of the cylindrical body 1, and a reaction tube array 6 disposed between the upper tube sheet 2 and the lower tube sheet 4. A liquid distribution groove 21 is formed on the upper tube sheet 2, and the upper end of the reaction tube array 6 is connected to the liquid distribution groove 21. The space formed by the cylindrical body 1, the upper tube sheet 2, and the lower tube sheet 4 is a shell-side space 10. The reactor also includes at least one baffle 7 disposed inside the cylindrical body 1. The baffle 7 is located between the upper tube sheet 2 and the lower tube sheet 4 and divides the shell-side space 10 into multiple sub-spaces 10a arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The baffle 7 has a through hole 71 for the reaction tube array 6 to pass through, and at least one sealing ring 72 is disposed between the through hole 71 and the reaction tube array 6. Each sub-space 10a has a heat exchange medium inlet 101 and a heat exchange medium outlet 102 on its sidewall.

[0035] This application forms multiple mutually separated compartments 10a by setting up partitions 7. Each compartment 10a has a heat exchange medium inlet 101 and a heat exchange medium outlet 102, which can realize segmented heat exchange and solve the process requirements of heating in the early stage of catalytic reaction and cooling in the later stage. The partitions 7 and the reaction tubes 6 are sealed with sealing rings 72 to achieve the requirements of segmented temperature control.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, there are two partitions 7 and three partition spaces 10a.

[0037] In practical applications, more partitions 7 can be set to achieve more precise temperature control requirements.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat exchange medium inlet 101 and heat exchange medium outlet 102 on the partition space 10a are respectively located on both sides of the partition space 10a, with the heat exchange medium inlet 101 located at the lower end of the partition space 10a and the heat exchange medium outlet 102 located at the upper end of the partition space 10a. This arrangement can achieve a better and more uniform heat exchange effect.

[0039] In this embodiment, the partition 7 is a heat insulation board. In practical applications, the heat insulation board can be made of existing heat insulation materials, or it can be formed by setting a heat insulation layer on the board body.

[0040] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in this embodiment, the lower head 5 has a port 51, and the multi-segment fixed bed reactor also includes a flexible multi-point thermocouple 8. The flexible multi-point thermocouple 8 includes a detection segment 81, a wire segment 82, and a junction box 83 arranged sequentially. The detection segment 81 is inserted into the reaction tube 6 from bottom to top and fixed to the reaction tube 6. The junction box 83 is located outside the lower head 5. One end of the wire segment 82 is connected to the detection segment 81, and the other end passes through the lower head 5 and is connected to the junction box 83. The detection segment 81 passes through each sub-space 10a in sequence. The flexible multi-point thermocouple 8 can detect the temperature inside the reaction tube 6 in each sub-space 10a.

[0041] Conventional sheathed thermocouples cannot extend into the reaction tube from the upper end cap 3. This application utilizes a flexible multi-point thermocouple 8 to solve the problem that the temperature-sensing thermocouple cannot extend into the reaction tube 6 from the upper end cap 3 due to the presence of a liquid separator at the upper tube sheet 2. The sensing section 81 of the flexible multi-point thermocouple 8 is inserted into the reaction tube 6 from bottom to top, allowing direct contact with the reaction medium and providing accurate measurements. Furthermore, the sensing section 81 passes sequentially through each compartment 10a, enabling the flexible multi-point thermocouple 8 to detect the temperature within each compartment 10a of the reaction tube 6. In practical applications, the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in each compartment 10a can be controlled and adjusted based on the values ​​measured by the flexible multi-point thermocouple 8, achieving more precise control and ensuring high purity of the reaction product and minimal reaction byproducts.

[0042] like Figure 3 and 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the flexible multi-point thermocouple 8 also has a thermocouple flange 84 on one side of the junction box 83, and the flexible multi-point thermocouple 8 is fixed to the pipe port 51 through the thermocouple flange 84.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the probe segment 81 near the end of the conductor segment 82 has a mounting portion 811, which is fixed to the reaction tube 6.

[0044] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the mounting part 811 includes a plurality of fixed fins 8111 spaced around the detection section 81, and the fixed fins 8111 are fixedly engaged with the reaction tube 6.

[0045] The design of the fixed fin 8111 allows the probe section 81 to contact the inner wall of the reaction tube 6 for easy fixation. In addition, this structure can form a large space between the probe section 81 and the inner wall of the reaction tube 6, which facilitates the discharge of reaction products from the reaction tube 6 and can minimize the impact on flow rate caused by the installation of the probe section 81.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper end cap 3 has a liquid inlet 31 and an air inlet 32.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the side wall of the lower end cap 5 has a discharge port 52, and the lower end of the lower end cap 5 has a liquid outlet 53.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the scope of patent protection of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the content of the present utility model specification and drawings, whether directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-stage fixed-bed reactor, comprising a cylindrical body, an upper tube sheet disposed at the upper end of the cylindrical body, an upper end cap disposed at the upper end of the cylindrical body, a lower tube sheet disposed at the lower end of the cylindrical body, a lower end cap disposed at the lower end of the cylindrical body, and reaction tubes disposed between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, wherein a separating channel is formed on the upper tube sheet, the upper end of the reaction tubes is connected to the separating channel, and the space formed by the cylindrical body, the upper tube sheet, and the lower tube sheet is a shell-side space, characterized in that, It also includes at least one baffle plate disposed inside the shell, the baffle plate being located between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, the baffle plate dividing the shell-side space into multiple sub-spaces arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the baffle plate has a through hole for the reaction tubes to pass through, and at least one sealing ring is disposed between the through hole and the reaction tubes, and each sub-space has a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet on its sidewall.

2. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, There are two partitions and three compartments.

3. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange medium inlet and outlet are located on opposite sides of the partition, with the heat exchange medium inlet at the lower end and the heat exchange medium outlet at the upper end.

4. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The partition is a heat insulation board.

5. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower head has a nozzle, and the multi-section fixed-bed reactor also includes a flexible multi-point thermocouple. The flexible multi-point thermocouple includes a detection section, a lead section, and a junction box arranged in sequence. The detection section is inserted into the reaction tube from bottom to top and fixed to the reaction tube. The junction box is located outside the lower head. One end of the lead section is connected to the detection section, and the other end passes through the lower head and is connected to the junction box. The detection section passes through each sub-space in sequence. The flexible multi-point thermocouple can detect the temperature inside the reaction tube in each sub-space.

6. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The flexible multi-point thermocouple also has a thermocouple flange on one side of the junction box, and the flexible multi-point thermocouple is fixed to the pipe opening through the thermocouple flange.

7. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the probe section near the conductor section has a mounting part, which is fixed to the reaction tube.

8. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting section includes multiple fixed fins spaced around the detection section, and the fixed fins are fixedly engaged with the reaction tube.

9. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end cap has a liquid inlet and an air inlet.

10. The multi-stage fixed-bed reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end cap has a discharge port on its side wall and a liquid outlet at its lower end.

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