Crushing and decomposing device for recycling waste cathode carbon blocks of electrolytic aluminum

Abstract

The utility model provides an electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling, crushing and decomposing device. The device comprises a crusher, a dustproof mechanism and a filtering mechanism. The dustproof mechanism comprises an upper bin, a bin door, an electric cylinder and a collecting box. An upper bin and a bin door controlled to be closed through an electric cylinder are arranged on the upper portion of the pulverizer, and a movably-connected collecting box is arranged at the bottom, so that carbon fragments and dust are prevented from overflowing. The filtering mechanism comprises a draught fan, an air duct and a filtering cylinder, dust generated in the smashing work is pumped away through the draught fan, and then the dust is filtered and collected through the filtering cylinder. The electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling, crushing and decomposing device provided by the utility model can solve the problems that dust is easy to overflow and the humidity of the carbon block is too high due to spraying and dust falling in the traditional device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of waste cathode carbon block recycling technology, and in particular to a crushing and decomposition device for recycling waste cathode carbon blocks from electrolytic aluminum. Background Technology

[0002] The purpose of crushing and decomposing waste cathode carbon blocks for reuse in electrolytic aluminum production is as follows: (1) To recover high-grade carbon: Waste cathode carbon blocks usually contain carbon with a high degree of graphitization. Through crushing and decomposition, these high-grade carbon blocks can be recovered and used to produce new cathode materials or as raw materials for other industrial applications. The recovered carbon powder also has a high calorific value and can be used as fuel, realizing the effective utilization of energy. (2) To recover valuable electrolytes: Waste cathode carbon blocks also contain valuable substances such as fluorides, alumina, and silicon, which have important application value in electrolytic aluminum production. Through crushing, decomposition, and subsequent processing, these valuable electrolytes can be recovered and used as additives in electrolytic aluminum production or for other industrial applications.

[0003] The crushing and decomposition of waste cathode carbon blocks from electrolytic aluminum will generate a large amount of harmful dust. Although existing devices have treated this dust, such as spray dust suppression, this method will result in high humidity of the crushed carbon blocks, which will affect subsequent processing, storage and use. Therefore, a crushing and decomposition device for the reuse of waste cathode carbon blocks from electrolytic aluminum is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device, which solves the problems described in the background art.

[0005] In a first aspect, a charcoal block recycling and crushing device includes: a crusher, a dust prevention mechanism, and a filtration mechanism.

[0006] The crusher includes a chamber for crushing and breaking down charcoal blocks within the chamber;

[0007] The dustproof mechanism includes an upper chamber, a chamber door, and an electric cylinder. The upper chamber has a bottom opening and a top opening. The bottom opening of the upper chamber is fixed to the upper part of the machine compartment. The chamber door is slidably connected to both sides of the top opening of the upper chamber. The electric cylinder is fixed to one side of the top opening of the upper chamber, and the output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the edge of the chamber door. After the carbon block is put into the upper chamber, the electric cylinder drives the chamber door to open or close the top opening of the upper chamber. The top of the collection box is open, and the collection box is movably connected to the bottom of the machine compartment through its top, and is used to collect carbon fragments produced after the crusher crushes and decomposes the carbon block.

[0008] The filtration mechanism includes a fan, an air duct, and a filter cartridge. The fan is fixed to one side of the chamber and connected to the filter cartridge via the air duct. The fan draws away the dust generated during the crushing process in the chamber and drives the dust through the air duct to the filter cartridge, where it is then filtered and collected. In another possible implementation, the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the chamber door via a connector.

[0009] In another possible implementation, the bin door is connected to both sides of the top opening of the upper bin via a sliding rail.

[0010] In another possible implementation, the crusher further includes: at least two side plates, at least two crushing rollers, gears, and a reduction motor; the side plates are fixed to both sides inside the machine chamber, and at least one blade is fixed at the edge of the crushing roller, the blade being movably connected to the side plate; the end of the crushing roller is movably connected to the output end of the reduction motor via gears; wherein, the reduction motor drives at least two crushing rollers to rotate in opposite directions to crush the carbon block.

[0011] In another possible implementation, the crusher also includes a frame for supporting the hopper.

[0012] In another possible implementation, the bottom of the rack is provided with a notch, through which the top of the collection box is movably connected to the bottom of the bay.

[0013] In another possible implementation, the crusher also includes a platform for supporting the geared motor.

[0014] In another possible implementation, the filter cartridge is provided with a filter screen for filtering dust.

[0015] This invention features an upper chamber and a controllable closing door at the top of the crusher, and a movable collection box at the bottom to prevent carbon fragments and dust from overflowing. It also includes a fan, air duct, and filter cartridge to remove, filter, and collect the dust generated during the crushing process. The carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device provided by this invention solves the problems of easy dust overflow and excessively high humidity in carbon blocks caused by spray dust suppression, which are problems present in traditional devices. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2This is an enlarged structural diagram of point A in a schematic diagram of a carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device with an oblique upward viewing angle, provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the description of this application, the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "joining" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, mating connections or integral connections; those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a charcoal block recycling and decomposition device includes: a crusher, a dust prevention mechanism, and a filtration mechanism. Figure 1 In the diagram, the crusher refers to the machine compartment 4. The dustproof mechanism refers to the upper compartment 10, the compartment door 13, and the electric cylinder 11 (see enlarged partial view). Figure 2 The combination of fan 14, duct 15, and filter cartridge 16. The filtration mechanism refers to the combination of fan 14, duct 15, and filter cartridge 16. The charcoal blocks are crushed and decomposed by a crusher. During the crushing process, the crusher is sealed by a dustproof mechanism to prevent dust from polluting the external environment. The dust is then filtered and collected by the filtration mechanism.

[0025] Specifically, the crusher includes a chamber 4, in which the crusher breaks down the carbon blocks. The chamber 4 is open from top to bottom and closed on all sides to prevent dust and carbon fragments from overflowing from the sides.

[0026] The dust control mechanism includes an upper compartment 10, a compartment door 13, an electric cylinder 11, and a collection box 9.

[0027] Specifically, the upper chamber 10 is vertically connected, with a bottom opening and a top opening. The bottom opening of the upper chamber 10 is fixed to the upper part of the machine compartment 4. In other words, the upper chamber 10 and the machine compartment 4 are interconnected, forming a continuous internal space to facilitate the transfer of carbon blocks from the upper chamber 10 to the machine compartment 4. Figure 2 The door 13 is slidably connected to both sides of the top opening of the upper chamber 10. The electric cylinder 11 is fixed to one side of the top opening of the upper chamber 10, and the output end of the electric cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the edge of the door 13. Before the charcoal block is put into the upper chamber 10, the electric cylinder 11 drives the door 13 to open the top opening of the upper chamber 10. After the charcoal block is put into the upper chamber 10, the charcoal block enters the machine compartment 4, and the electric cylinder 11 drives the door 13 to close the top opening of the upper chamber 10.

[0028] The top of the collection box 9 is open, and it is movably connected to the bottom of the machine compartment 4 via its top. When the carbon blocks are broken down in the machine compartment 4, the carbon fragments enter the collection box 9 for collection. The movable connection methods include, but are not limited to, hinged connections, snap-fit ​​connections, sliding connections, magnetic connections, and flange connections. This movable connection method allows for easy assembly and disassembly of the collection box 9, meeting the needs of scenarios such as when the collection box 9 is filled with carbon fragments and the carbon fragments need to be transferred.

[0029] The filtration mechanism includes a fan 14, an air duct 15, and a filter cartridge 16. The fan 14 is fixed to one side of the chamber 4 and connected to the filter cartridge 16 via the air duct 15. In other words, the fan 14 can be fixed between the chamber 4 and the air duct 15, and the filter cartridge 16 can be fixed at the end of the air duct 15. The fan 14 can draw away the dust generated in the chamber 4 during the pulverization of carbon blocks and drive the dust through the air duct 15 to the filter cartridge 16, where it is then filtered and collected.

[0030] As can be seen from the above embodiments, in the operation of this electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device, after the carbon block is put into the upper chamber 10, the electric cylinder 11 quickly retracts, causing the chamber door 13 to close, and the harmful dust generated by the crushing of the carbon block is quickly isolated. At the same time, the fan 14 works to draw away the harmful dust, and then the filter cartridge 16 filters the dust, intercepting it. The crushed fragments enter the collection box 9, so that the harmful dust has no escape channel and is sucked away by the fan 14. Through the rapid closing of the chamber door 13, the suction action of the fan 14, and the closed mode of the collection box 9, the harmful dust generated inside the device is effectively isolated and collected, avoiding the harm of dust to the environment and operators, while not affecting the dryness and moisture content of the crushed carbon block, and not affecting its quality.

[0031] In some examples, reference Figure 2The electric cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the bin door 13 via a connector 12. The fixing methods include, but are not limited to, bolt connection, hinge connection, snap-fit ​​connection, and flange connection. The connector 12 can serve as an intermediate component, accommodating different installation positions and angles between the electric cylinder 11 and the bin door 13, thus improving design flexibility. It can also reduce the direct stress on the bin door 13 during the pushing and pulling process of the electric cylinder 11, extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0032] In some examples, the door 13 is connected to both sides of the top opening of the upper compartment 10 via slide rails. Specifically, slide rails are installed on both sides of the top opening of the upper compartment 10. These slide rails can be linear slide rails or roller slide rails. The slide rails can be embedded or external. The two side edges of the door 13 cooperate with the slide rails via sliders, rollers, or guides, allowing the door to slide horizontally along the slide rails.

[0033] The slide rail design ensures that the door 13 remains smooth during opening and closing, avoiding shaking or deviation and improving operational reliability.

[0034] In some examples, reference Figure 3 The crusher also includes at least two side plates 6, at least two crushing rollers 7, gears 8, and a reduction motor 5. The side plates 6 are fixed to both sides within the machine chamber 4. At least one blade is fixed to the edge of each crushing roller 7. The blade is fixed to the crushing roller 7 by means including, but not limited to, bolting, welding, or riveting, ensuring effective cutting or crushing of materials during high-speed rotation. The blade is movably connected to the side plates 6 by means including, but not limited to, hinges, springs, or floating connections, allowing the blade to have some room to move when encountering significant resistance. The end of each crushing roller 7 is movably connected to the output end of the reduction motor 5 via gears 8. Specifically, the reduction motor 5 drives at least two crushing rollers 7 to rotate in opposite directions. Carbon blocks enter the gap between the crushing rollers from above, and are crushed by the blades on the edges of the crushing rollers 7.

[0035] In a specific example, continue to refer to Figure 3 The crusher includes two side plates 6, two crushing rollers 7, two gears 8, and a reduction motor 5. The two side plates 6 are fixed to both sides of the machine chamber 4. The edges of the crushing rollers 7 are fixed with blades, which are movably connected to the side plates 6. Figure 1 One end of the crushing roller 7 is directly connected to the output end of the reduction motor 5. The reduction motor 5 can directly drive the crushing roller 7 to rotate. A gear 8 is set at the connection between the crushing roller 7 and the reduction motor 5. A gear 8 is also set at the end of the other crushing roller 7. The two gears 8 mesh. When the reduction motor 5 drives the crushing roller 7 connected to it to rotate, the two crushing rollers 7 can rotate in opposite directions through the transmission of the two gears 8.

[0036] In some examples, return Figure 1The crusher also includes a frame 1, which supports the chamber 4. The frame 1 ensures that the chamber 4 remains stable during equipment operation and will not shift or deform due to vibration or load.

[0037] In some examples, reference Figure 3 The bottom of frame 1 also has a notch 3, combined with Figure 1 The top of the collection box 9 passes through the notch 3 and is movably connected to the bottom of the bay 4. Specifically, the notch 3 can be made on the bottom surface perpendicular to the frame 1, and the top of the collection box 9 passes through the notch 3 perpendicular to the bottom surface of the frame 1, so that the top of the collection box 9 contacts the bottom of the bay 4 and is movably connected.

[0038] It is easy to understand that the purpose of designing the notch 3 is to allow the top opening of the collection box 9 to fit against the bottom surface of the cabin 4, preventing dust from escaping.

[0039] In some examples, the crusher also includes a platform 2 for supporting the geared motor 5. The platform 2 provides stable support for the geared motor 5, ensuring that it maintains the correct position and orientation during operation, thereby guaranteeing the normal operation of the equipment.

[0040] In some examples, the filter cartridge 16 is equipped with a filter screen for filtering and intercepting dust. The filter screen can be made of materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or fiberglass.

[0041] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A crushing and decomposition device for the reuse of waste cathode carbon blocks from electrolytic aluminum, characterized in that, include: A crusher, including a chamber, for crushing and breaking down charcoal blocks within the chamber; Dust control mechanisms, including: Upper compartment, compartment door, electric cylinder; The upper compartment has a bottom opening and a top opening. The bottom opening of the upper compartment is fixed to the upper part of the machine compartment. The compartment door is slidably connected to both sides of the top opening of the upper compartment. The electric cylinder is fixed to one side of the top opening of the upper compartment. The output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the edge of the compartment door. After the carbon block is put into the upper compartment, the electric cylinder drives the compartment door to open or close the top opening of the upper compartment. Collection box; the top of the collection box is open, and the collection box is movably connected to the bottom of the machine compartment through its top, and is used to collect carbon fragments produced after the crusher breaks down the carbon blocks; The filtration mechanism includes a fan, an air duct, and a filter cartridge. The fan is fixed to one side of the machine compartment and connected to the filter cartridge through the air duct. The fan draws away the dust generated in the machine compartment during the crushing process and drives the dust through the air duct to be transported to the filter cartridge, where the dust is filtered and collected.

2. The electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the compartment door via a connector.

3. The electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warehouse door is connected to both sides of the top opening of the upper warehouse via sliding rails.

4. The electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crusher further includes: at least two side plates, at least two crushing rollers, gears, and a reduction motor; the side plates are fixed to both sides inside the machine chamber, and at least one blade is fixed at the edge of the crushing roller, the blade being movably connected to the side plate; the end of the crushing roller is movably connected to the output end of the reduction motor via gears; wherein, the reduction motor drives at least two crushing rollers to rotate in opposite directions to crush the carbon block.

5. The electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crusher also includes a frame for supporting the hopper.

6. The electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the frame is provided with a notch, and the top of the collection box passes through the notch and is movably connected to the bottom of the machine compartment.

7. The electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The crusher also includes a platform for supporting the geared motor.

8. The electrolytic aluminum waste cathode carbon block recycling crushing and decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter cartridge is equipped with a filter screen, which is used to filter dust.

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