Distribution box

Abstract

The utility model discloses a distribution box which comprises a distribution box shell, and electronic components are assembled in the distribution box shell. The inner lower part of the distribution box shell passes through a temperature adjusting pipeline; a phase change pipe is sleeved outside the temperature adjusting pipeline in the distribution box shell, a cavity is formed between the inner wall of the phase change pipe and the outer wall of the temperature adjusting pipeline, and the cavity is filled with a phase change material; the temperature adjusting pipeline is an exhaust pipe of the supercharging building exhaust system. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the exhaust waste heat of the supercharged building is used as a heat source to heat the distribution box, compared with an electric heating mode in the prior art, a temperature sensor does not need to be arranged for feedback control, the structure is simple, and the thermal load and energy consumption of the distribution box are reduced; the heat exchange fins are designed, so that the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a power equipment, specifically a distribution box. Background Technology

[0002] A distribution box is a commonly used electrical device used to install terminal metering equipment and control terminal power supplies. It requires that electronic components such as switching equipment, measuring instruments, protective electrical appliances and auxiliary equipment be assembled in a closed or semi-closed metal cabinet or on a panel.

[0003] However, in some cold regions, where outside temperatures can be extremely low, even below -40°C, components inside the distribution box may stop functioning or even be damaged due to the low temperature. This is a problem that must be considered when designing distribution boxes for cold regions. Currently, some products have been designed with separate heating for distribution boxes used in low-temperature conditions. For example, Chinese patent CN211123810U uses an electric heating coil to heat the distribution box, and Chinese patent CN202222953163.4 also uses electric heating. However, this type of distribution box with simple heating has the following drawbacks when used in cold regions: the heat load of the distribution box is too large, resulting in high energy consumption, and there is no consideration for reducing the heat load of the distribution box; the heating inside the distribution box is difficult to be uniform, and some electronic components may still be exposed to low temperatures; after a power outage, the distribution box is prone to freezing, and additional heating devices are required for preheating when restarting.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a distribution box that addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies and solves the problem of high heat load in existing distribution boxes.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a distribution box, including a distribution box shell, in which electronic components are assembled; a temperature regulating pipe passes through the lower part of the distribution box shell; a phase change tube is provided outside the temperature regulating pipe located inside the distribution box shell, and a cavity is formed between the inner wall of the phase change tube and the outer wall of the temperature regulating pipe, and the cavity is filled with a phase change material, through which heat exchange is realized in the distribution box.

[0007] According to the above scheme, the temperature-regulating pipe is the exhaust pipe of the pressurized building exhaust system.

[0008] According to the above scheme, the temperature regulating pipe includes a first pipe section located inside the distribution box housing, a second pipe section located away from the distribution box housing, and a transition pipe section connecting the first pipe section and the second pipe section; heat exchange fins are provided on the outer wall of the first pipe section, and the heat exchange fins are located inside the phase change tube.

[0009] According to the above scheme, a first-section insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the phase change tube of the first section.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the phase change material is water, hydrated salt, or fatty acids, or a mixture of one or more of tridecane, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and dodecane.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the second pipe section is provided with a second pipe section insulation layer on the outside; the outer wall of the transition pipe section is wrapped with a transition pipe section insulation layer.

[0012] According to the above scheme, the outer wall of the distribution box shell is provided with an outer heat insulation layer; the inner wall of the distribution box is provided with a reflective layer; the reflective layer is an aluminum film or a tin film.

[0013] According to the above scheme, the upper part of the distribution box housing is provided with a cable sleeve that connects the outside to the inside of the distribution box housing, and the cables of electronic components pass through the cable sleeve; the outer wall of the cable sleeve is wrapped with an outer insulation layer.

[0014] According to the above scheme, the gaps between the cable conduit and the cable at both ends are sealed with fire-retardant sealant; the gaps between the outer periphery of the cable conduit and the distribution box housing are sealed with sealant.

[0015] According to the above plan, a one-way valve is installed at the connection of each pipe section.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. This utility model eliminates the need for active heating, reducing energy consumption and minimizing heat load. It uses a temperature-regulating pipe as a heat source to heat the distribution box. Compared to existing technologies that use electric heating, this eliminates the need for temperature sensors for feedback control, resulting in a simpler structure and reduced heat load and energy consumption for the distribution box. The design of heat exchange fins significantly improves heat exchange efficiency.

[0018] 2. This utility model has high reliability. It features a cavity outside the temperature-regulating pipe filled with phase change material, utilizing the heat storage capacity of the phase change material to supply heat to the distribution box after a power outage.

[0019] 3. This utility model sets a first pipe section insulation layer outside the phase change material, which aims to reduce the heat transfer rate of the phase change material to the inside of the distribution box shell, prolong the heat release time, and continuously and slowly heat the distribution box shell in the event of power failure, so that the inside of the distribution box shell can be maintained at a relatively low temperature for a long time, which allows electronic components to work normally, thus ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0020] 4. This invention features low heat load. The exterior of the distribution box is wrapped with an insulation layer, which provides insulation while preventing thermal bridging. An infrared reflective layer is attached to the inner wall of the distribution box, allowing heat radiated from electronic components towards the inner wall to be reflected back to the components. Both of these measures significantly reduce the heat load of the distribution box and improve the uniformity of the internal thermal environment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a side view of this embodiment.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change tube in this embodiment.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The left view.

[0025] The components include: 1. Distribution box housing; 2. Temperature regulating pipe; 2.1. First pipe section; 2.2. Second pipe section; 2.3. Transition pipe section; 3. Cable sheath; 4. Check valve; 5. Reflective layer; 6. Cable; 7. Sealant; 8. Fireproof sealant; 9. Outer insulation layer of the housing; 10. Insulation layer of the second pipe section; 11. Insulation layer of the transition pipe section; 12. Insulation layer of the first pipe section; 13. Outer insulation layer of the sheath; 14. Phase change material; 15. Phase change tube; 16. Inlet; 17. Outlet; 18. Heat exchange fins. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To better understand this utility model, it will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Pressurized buildings are a new type of building with high airtightness, designed to address altitude sickness caused by the long-term low pressure and oxygen deficiency in high-altitude areas. The exhaust ducts of pressurized buildings are used for indoor ventilation, with the exhaust air temperature inside the ducts ranging from 10 to 30°C. Therefore, in cold high-altitude areas, the electrical distribution boxes located outdoors in pressurized buildings can utilize the waste heat from the exhaust air as a heat source to ensure the normal operation of the electronic components inside the distribution boxes. The specific design is as follows:

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2The distribution box shown is specifically a distribution box for pressurized buildings in extremely cold regions. It includes a distribution box housing 1, which is a closed structure. Electronic components are assembled inside the distribution box housing 1. A cable sleeve 3 is provided on the upper part of the distribution box housing 1 to connect the outside world with the inside of the distribution box housing 1. The cables 6 of the electronic components pass through the cable sleeve 3.

[0029] The lower part of the distribution box housing 1 passes through the temperature regulating pipe 2, and the two ends of the temperature regulating pipe 2 extend from both sides of the distribution box housing 1. The temperature regulating pipe 2 located inside the distribution box housing 1 is fitted with a phase change tube 15. A cavity is formed between the inner wall of the phase change tube 15 and the outer wall of the temperature regulating pipe 2. The cavity is filled with a phase change material 14, and heat exchange in the distribution box is achieved through the phase change material.

[0030] In this utility model, the temperature regulating pipe 2 can be the exhaust pipe of the pressurized building, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust system of the pressurized building; the gap where the temperature regulating pipe 2 passes through the wall of the distribution box housing 1 is sealed with sealant 7.

[0031] Preferably, the temperature regulating pipe 2 includes a first pipe section 2.1 located inside the distribution box housing 1, a second pipe section 2.2 located away from the distribution box housing 1, and a transition pipe section 2.3 connecting the first pipe section 2.1 and the second pipe section 2.2. A one-way valve is provided at the connection of each pipe section; the phase change pipe 15 is sleeved on the outside of the first pipe section 2.1.

[0032] In this invention, one end of the phase change tube 15 is provided with an injection port 16 for injecting phase change material 14, and the other end of the phase change tube 15 is provided with an outlet 17 for discharging phase change material 14; the phase change tube 15 may also have only one connection port, which can be used for both injection and discharge of phase change material. After the phase change material is injected, the injection port 16 is sealed, and the phase change material is discharged from the outlet 17 when maintenance is required; after the phase change tube 15 is assembled on the temperature control tube, no connecting pipeline is required.

[0033] In this invention, a phase change material 14 with a phase change temperature of -10 to 20°C is used. When the temperature rises, the phase change material 14 absorbs heat until it is completely liquefied, and the heat is stored in the phase change tube 15. When the temperature decreases, the phase change material 14 releases heat until it is completely solidified. Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the phase change material has solidified. When liquid phase change material 14 is loaded into the cavity of phase change tube 15, the problem of increased solidification volume of phase change material 14 should be taken into account, so that the solidified volume of phase change material 14 is smaller than the cavity volume of phase change tube 15, to avoid structural damage caused by increased solidification volume of phase change material 14.

[0034] In this invention, the phase change material is water, hydrated salt, or fatty acid, or a mixture of one or more of tridecane, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and dodecane.

[0035] Preferably, heat exchange fins 18 are provided on the outer wall of the first pipe section 2.1.

[0036] In this utility model, the phase change tube 15 and the temperature regulating pipe 2 are connected by full welding; the outer wall of the first pipe section 2.1 is welded with heat exchange fins 18h, and there are no less than 5 heat exchange fins 18; the heat exchange fins 18 are located inside the phase change tube 15.

[0037] Preferably, a first pipe section insulation layer 12 is provided on the outer wall of the phase change tube 15 of the first pipe section 2.1.

[0038] In this invention, the thickness of the first pipe section insulation layer 12 is 3-8 cm; the first pipe section insulation layer 12 is made of aerogel felt or rock wool material. The design of the first pipe section insulation layer 12 in this invention aims to reduce the heat transfer rate of the phase change material to the interior of the distribution box housing, prolong the heat release time, and provide continuous and slow heating to the distribution box housing 1, maintaining the interior of the distribution box housing 1 at a relatively low temperature, such as -20℃, for a long time, allowing electronic components to operate normally. If the first pipe section insulation layer 12 is not designed outside the phase change tube, the exhaust pipe will not provide heating when the power is off. At this time, the phase change material will not provide insulation, and will rapidly release a large amount of heat upon solidification, maintaining the interior of the distribution box housing at a relatively high temperature, such as 5℃, for a short time. However, the heat contained in the phase change material will be released in a short time, unable to continue heating the distribution box housing 1, causing the electronic components inside the distribution box housing 1 to malfunction due to low temperatures.

[0039] Preferably, the second pipe section 2.2 is provided with a second pipe section insulation layer 10, which can be made of rock wool or polyurethane material.

[0040] Preferably, the length of the transition pipe section 2.3 is 0.5~1m, and the outer wall of the transition pipe section 2.3 is wrapped with a transition pipe section insulation layer 11, the thickness of which is 10~20cm; the transition pipe section insulation layer 11 is made of one of the following materials: aerogel felt, rock wool and rubber-plastic.

[0041] In this invention, the thickness of the insulation layer 11 of the transition pipe section is greater than the thickness of the insulation layer 10 of the second pipe section.

[0042] Preferably, the outer wall of the distribution box housing 1 is provided with an outer insulation layer 9; the inner wall of the distribution box housing 1 is provided with a reflective layer 5. In this utility model, the distribution box housing 1 is also provided with a cabinet door, and a sealing strip is provided at the contact part between the cabinet door 1 and the distribution box housing 1.

[0043] In this invention, the outer insulation layer 9 of the shell includes double-layer insulation boards arranged inside and outside, with each layer having a thickness of 2-4 cm. The inner and outer insulation boards are bonded together using polyurethane adhesive or similar materials, and a vacuum is created between the two insulation boards. The reflective layer 5 is an aluminum film or a tin film; the reflective layer 5 is adhered and fixed to the inner wall of the distribution box shell 1.

[0044] Preferably, the outer wall of the cable sheath 3 is wrapped with an outer insulation layer 13, which is 5-20cm thick rock wool or 5-15cm thick aerogel felt.

[0045] In this invention, the cable 6 entering the distribution box passes through the cable sleeve 3, and the gaps between the cable sleeve 3 and the cable 6 are sealed with fire-retardant sealant 8; the gap between the outer periphery of the cable sleeve 3 and the distribution box housing 11 is sealed with sealant 7. The length of the cable sleeve 3 outside the distribution box housing 11 is not less than 5cm. Each cable 2 used for electronic components inside the distribution box can pass through or out of the same cable sleeve 3; alternatively, the number of cable sleeves 3 can be increased appropriately according to the actual number of cables 6.

[0046] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The exhaust pipe of the pressurized building's ventilation system serves as the temperature-regulating pipe 2. Under normal circumstances, the waste heat from the exhaust within the temperature-regulating pipe 2 heats the interior of the distribution box housing 1, ensuring the normal operation of the electronic components inside the housing 1. Simultaneously, the phase change material 14 on the outside of the temperature-regulating pipe 2 absorbs heat and liquefies. After a power outage, the pressurized building's ventilation system stops working, and the temperature-regulating pipe 2 no longer provides waste heat from the exhaust to the distribution box. The phase change material 14 then releases heat and solidifies, providing heat to the interior of the distribution box housing 1.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] like Figure 1 The aforementioned distribution box for the pressurized building operates in an ambient temperature of -40°C, while the exhaust temperature in the building's ventilation duct is 18°C. Water is used as the phase change material. Testing shows that the internal temperature of the distribution box housing 1 is 1°C, and the electronic components inside housing 1 operate normally. The phase change material undergoes heat storage and liquefaction. After a power outage, the pressurized building's ventilation system stops operating, and the phase change material 14 exothermically solidifies, providing continuous and slow heating to the interior of the distribution box housing 1. Testing shows that the temperature of the distribution box housing 1 does not fall below -20°C within 60 hours, and the electronic components inside housing 1 continue to operate normally.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A distribution box for a pressurized building operates in an ambient temperature of -60°C, with an exhaust air temperature of 18°C ​​in the building's exhaust duct. It uses a phase change material (PCM) of a mixture of tridecane, triethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and dodecane, each with a mass fraction of 25%. Testing shows that the internal temperature of the distribution box housing 1 is -5°C, and the electronic components inside the housing 1 function normally. The PCM liquefies due to heat storage. After a power outage, the exhaust system of the pressurized building stops operating, and the PCM 14 exothermically solidifies, providing continuous and slow heating to the interior of the distribution box housing 1. Testing shows that the temperature of the distribution box housing 1 does not drop below -20°C for 40 seconds, and the electronic components inside the housing 1 function normally.

[0051] Existing distribution boxes typically use electric heating devices for cold protection, controlled by internal temperature sensors. However, the distribution box in this invention utilizes the waste heat from the pressurized building's exhaust ventilation as a heat source. The pressurized building's exhaust duct serves as a temperature-regulating pipe 2 passing through the distribution box. The exhaust temperature is between 10-30℃, which can function as a heat source without requiring active heating, resulting in a simpler structure. Heat exchange fins 18 are added to the temperature-regulating pipe 2, thereby increasing the system's heating power.

[0052] This invention incorporates a phase change material 14 on the outside of the temperature-regulating pipe 2 for heat storage. The heat stored in the phase change material 14 is not dissipated through the temperature-regulating pipe 2 because: 1) One-way valves 4 are installed at the joints of each pipe section of the temperature-regulating pipe 2. After power failure, several sealed cavities are formed inside the temperature-regulating pipe 2. The sealed air itself is a good insulation material, making it difficult for the heat stored in the phase change material 14 to escape through the air. 2) The insulation layer 11 of the transition pipe section outside the distribution box shell 1 is thickened, greatly reducing the heat conduction effect of the heat stored in the phase change material 14 through the pipe wall of the temperature-regulating pipe 2. In addition, the heat dissipation power of the stored heat can be adjusted through structural design to maintain the distribution box at a relatively low temperature that does not damage the internal electronic components. Thus, it can be used directly after a power failure and when power can be restored within a relatively long period of time, without the need to preheat the distribution box.

[0053] In addition, the following three design features can all achieve the purpose of reducing heat load: 1) Thermal insulation. The distribution box housing 1 adopts an external insulation type. The external insulation will not be damaged or the local insulation thickness will be reduced due to the presence of various components inside the distribution box, that is, there will be no additional thermal bridge effect; the cable sleeve 3 is also insulated on the outside of the distribution box, which will not produce thermal bridge effect, and the distribution box will not produce condensation, ice formation, etc. 2) Infrared reflection. The temperature of the electronic components inside the distribution box housing 1 is higher than that of the inner wall of the distribution box, which will radiate heat into the distribution box housing 1, causing the temperature inside the distribution box housing 1 to rise. The heat conduction of the distribution box is large. However, the reflective layer 5 with infrared reflection function is attached to the inner side of the distribution box housing 1, which can reflect the heat radiated by the electronic components back to the electronic components, reducing the temperature of the inner wall of the distribution box housing 1, reducing the temperature difference between the inner wall of the distribution box housing 1 and the outside of the distribution box housing 1, further reducing heat conduction and reducing heat load. 3) Improved airtightness. The cable conduit 3 in the distribution box housing 1 is sealed, which improves the airtightness of the distribution box and reduces the heat load generated by cold air convection. Due to the low load of the distribution box, its internal thermal environment is more uniform.

[0054] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. However, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A distribution box, comprising a distribution box housing, wherein electronic components are assembled within the distribution box housing; characterized in that, A temperature-regulating pipe passes through the lower inner part of the distribution box housing; a phase change tube is installed on the outer sleeve of the temperature-regulating pipe located inside the distribution box housing, and a cavity is formed between the inner wall of the phase change tube and the outer wall of the temperature-regulating pipe. The cavity is filled with a phase change material, and heat exchange is achieved in the distribution box through the phase change material.

2. The distribution box as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-regulating pipe is the exhaust pipe of the pressurized building ventilation system.

3. The distribution box as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The temperature regulating pipe includes a first pipe section located inside the distribution box housing, a second pipe section located away from the distribution box housing, and a transition pipe section connecting the first pipe section and the second pipe section; heat exchange fins are provided on the outer wall of the first pipe section, and the heat exchange fins are located inside the phase change tube.

4. The distribution box as described in claim 3, characterized in that, An insulation layer for the first pipe section is provided on the outer wall of the phase change tube in the first pipe section.

5. The distribution box as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The second pipe section is equipped with a second pipe section insulation layer on its exterior; the outer wall of the transition pipe section is wrapped with a transition pipe section insulation layer.

6. The distribution box as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the distribution box housing is provided with an outer insulation layer; the inner wall of the distribution box is provided with a reflective layer; the reflective layer is an aluminum film or a tin film.

7. The distribution box as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the distribution box housing is provided with a cable sleeve that connects the outside to the inside of the distribution box housing, and the cables of electronic components pass through the cable sleeve; the outer wall of the cable sleeve is wrapped with an outer insulation layer.

8. The distribution box as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The gaps between the cable conduit and the cable at both ends are sealed with fire-retardant sealant; the gaps between the outer periphery of the cable conduit and the distribution box housing are sealed with sealant.

9. The distribution box as described in claim 3, characterized in that, One-way valves are installed at the connection points of each pipe section.

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