Coarse-grained soil compressibility coefficient detection device
By designing a conveying assembly with guide rails and pulleys, as well as a coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device with segmented test cylinders, the problem of low testing efficiency of existing equipment under different working conditions was solved, and efficient soil compression coefficient testing under multiple working conditions was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SURVEY BRANCH OF SHAANXI WATER CONSERVANCY & ELECTRIC POWER SURVEY DESIGN & RES INST
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing equipment for testing the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil requires equipment replacement or adjustment of testing conditions under different working conditions, resulting in low testing efficiency.
A device for testing the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil was designed, including a base, a hydraulic cylinder, a seat plate, a reaction frame, a test cylinder, and a conveying assembly. The movement of the test cylinder is achieved through guide rails and pulleys. Combined with the segmented test cylinder and guide rods, the device can avoid equipment replacement when testing soil samples of different sizes and properties, and achieve efficient testing under multiple working conditions.
It improves the efficiency of coarse-grained soil compression coefficient detection, enabling accurate detection of soil samples of different sizes and properties without changing equipment under different working conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN224216455U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of water conservancy engineering survey technology, and in particular to a device for detecting the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil. Background Technology
[0002] In hydraulic engineering surveys, the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil is one of the important parameters for evaluating soil mechanical properties. The compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil refers to the ratio of the change in the void ratio of the soil to the corresponding pressure increment under lateral confinement conditions. The compressibility coefficient reflects the volume change of the soil under a unit pressure increment; the smaller the value, the lower the soil compressibility. Coarse-grained soils are generally classified as low to medium compressibility soils, with a compressibility coefficient typically ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 MPa. -1 The specific value varies depending on factors such as particle size distribution and compaction degree.
[0003] Currently, common equipment for testing the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil mainly includes uniaxial compressors, triaxial compressors, and consolidation apparatus. Uniaxial compressors have a simple structure but are only suitable for a single working condition; triaxial compressors can simulate complex stress states, but the equipment is expensive and complex to operate; consolidation apparatuses are suitable for compressibility testing of saturated soils, but the testing effect on unsaturated soils is poor. When testing soils under different working conditions, the above coarse-grained soil compressibility coefficient testing equipment needs to be replaced or the testing conditions adjusted according to different working conditions, resulting in low testing efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] To improve the detection efficiency of coarse-grained soil compression coefficient, this application provides a device for detecting coarse-grained soil compression coefficient.
[0005] This application provides a device for testing the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil, employing the following technical solution:
[0006] A device for testing the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil includes a base, a hydraulic cylinder, a seat plate, a reaction frame, a test cylinder, and a conveying assembly.
[0007] The hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the base, and the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod is perpendicular to the plane of the base.
[0008] The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the base plate, and the base has a first cavity for the base plate to pass through. The base plate is used to place the test cylinder.
[0009] The reaction frame is mounted on the base, and the base plate is positioned directly opposite the reaction frame;
[0010] The conveying assembly includes a frame bracket, two guide rails, and multiple pulleys;
[0011] The guide rail is installed on the top wall of the base, and the two guide rails are arranged in parallel, with the guide rails arranged along the length direction of the base;
[0012] Multiple pulleys are mounted on the bottom wall of the support, and the pulleys can slide along the guide rail;
[0013] The test tube is placed on the frame support and is used to hold soil samples. The frame support has a second cavity through which the force transmission seat passes.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, in the process of testing the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil, firstly, the operator applies force to the frame support, which drives the pulley to move along the guide rail. Simultaneously, the frame support drives the test cylinder to move synchronously until the vertical projection of the test cylinder is completely separated from the vertical projection of the reaction frame. Then, the operator places the premixed coarse-grained soil into the inner cavity of the test cylinder. After the coarse soil particles are filled, the operator applies force to the test cylinder. Due to the gravity of the test cylinder and the coarse-grained soil, the test cylinder exerts force on the frame support, which drives the pulley to move along the guide rail until the test cylinder is directly below the hydraulic cylinder. Then, the hydraulic cylinder is adjusted, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves upward. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder contacts the test cylinder, it drives the test cylinder to move upward. When the coarse soil particles in the test cylinder contact the reaction frame, the reaction frame applies a reverse force to the coarse soil particles in the test cylinder, so as to detect the ratio of the change in the void ratio of the coarse soil particles in the test cylinder to the corresponding pressure increment. The designed coarse soil compressibility detection device, through the test cylinder moving along the length of the guide rail, can facilitate the testing of soil samples of different sizes and properties, so as to avoid equipment replacement under different working conditions and improve the detection efficiency of coarse soil compressibility.
[0015] Optionally, the reaction frame includes a reaction rod and two guide rods;
[0016] Two guide rods are mounted on the base, and the two guide rods are arranged axially parallel to each other. The axial direction of the guide rods is parallel to the axial direction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.
[0017] The reaction rod is mounted on the two guide rods.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed reaction frame facilitates the application of reaction force to the soil sample in the test tube, realizing the detection of the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil. At the same time, the guide rod facilitates the guidance of multiple reaction rods, realizing the adjustment of the reaction rods along the axial direction of the guide rod.
[0019] Optionally, the guide rod includes an integrally connected smooth section and a threaded section. The smooth section is connected to the base, the threaded section passes through the reaction rod, and the reaction rod is slidably connected to the threaded section. A nut that abuts against the reaction rod is threaded onto the threaded section, and at least one nut is provided on each of the opposite sides of the reaction rod.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the segmented guide rods are connected to the threaded sections via nuts, which facilitates the limiting of the reaction rods and allows for fine adjustment of the height of the reaction rods, enabling the detection of the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil.
[0021] Optionally, the test cylinder includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, and at least two connecting parts, wherein the outer cylinder is mounted on the frame bracket;
[0022] The inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are coaxially arranged, and the inner cylinder is used to hold soil samples; the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixedly connected by the connecting part.
[0023] A water-holding gap is provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder for holding water, and a seepage hole is provided on the inner cylinder for soaking soil samples.
[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the segmented test cylinder has two advantages: First, by injecting water into the water-filled gap, water can flow into the inner cavity of the inner cylinder along the seepage holes, so as to realize the detection of the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil in a saturated state. Second, when the water-filled gap is in a dry state, it is convenient to detect the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil in a dry state or in a natural state.
[0025] Optionally, a force transmission seat is placed above the soil sample in the inner cylinder, and the force transmission seat is used to transmit the force to the reaction rod.
[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed force transmission seat facilitates the application of reaction force to the soil sample in the inner cylinder under the action of the reaction rod, thereby realizing the detection of the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil.
[0027] Optionally, an adjustment block is provided between the reaction frame and the force transmission seat. The adjustment block can be one or more.
[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed adjustment block facilitates the adjustment of the force transmission seat height according to the height of the soil sample in the inner cylinder, thereby achieving coarse adjustment of the force transmission seat height and facilitating the detection of soil samples of different sizes and characteristics.
[0029] Optionally, the guide rail is provided with a scale.
[0030] By adopting the above technical solution and designing the scale, it is easy to accurately adjust the position of the test cylinder and ensure the detection of the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil.
[0031] Optionally, the frame support is provided with a plurality of limiting blocks, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the test cylinder, and the plurality of limiting blocks form a limiting cavity for limiting the test cylinder.
[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed limiting block facilitates the limiting of the test cylinder and prevents the test cylinder from shifting along the surface of the frame support.
[0033] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0034] 1. The designed coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device utilizes a test cylinder that moves along the length of the guide rail and is segmented to facilitate the testing of soil samples of different sizes and properties. Simultaneously, when water is injected into the water gap, it flows into the inner cavity of the inner cylinder through the seepage holes, enabling the testing of the compression coefficient of coarse-grained soil in a saturated state. When the water gap is dry, it facilitates the testing of the compression coefficient of coarse-grained soil in a dry state or in its natural state, thus avoiding equipment replacement during the testing of coarse-grained soil compression coefficients under different working conditions and at different heights, thereby improving the testing efficiency of coarse-grained soil compression coefficient.
[0035] 2. The designed coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device allows for coarse adjustment of the force transmission seat height by adjusting the height of the force transmission seat based on the height of the soil sample in the inner cylinder, through an adjusting block; and it facilitates the limiting of the reaction rod by segmented guide rods connected to the threaded section by nuts, and at the same time, it facilitates fine adjustment of the reaction rod height, thus achieving coarse adjustment of the force transmission seat height, thereby enabling the testing of the compression coefficient of soil samples of different sizes and properties. Attached Figure Description
[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device in Embodiment 1 of this application;
[0037] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device of Embodiment 1 of this application.
[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 3. Seat plate; 4. Reaction frame; 41. Guide rod; 411. Smooth section; 412. Threaded section; 42. Reaction rod; 43. Nut; 5. Test cylinder; 51. Outer cylinder; 52. Inner cylinder; 53. Connecting part; 54. Water gap; 55. Water seepage hole; 6. Conveying assembly; 61. Guide rail; 62. Pulley; 63. Frame bracket; 64. Second cavity; 65. Limiting block; 66. Limiting cavity; 7. First cavity; 8. Force transmission seat; 9. Adjusting block. Detailed Implementation
[0039] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2 This application will be described in further detail.
[0040] This application discloses a device for detecting the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil.
[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A device for testing the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil includes a base 1, a hydraulic cylinder 2, a seat plate 3, a reaction frame 4, a force transmission seat 8, an adjusting block 9, a test cylinder 5, and a conveying assembly 6. The hydraulic cylinder 2 is mounted on the base 1, and the axial direction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is perpendicular to the plane of the base 1. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is connected to the seat plate 3, and a first cavity 7 is provided on the base 1 for the seat plate 3 to pass through. The seat plate 3 is used to place the test cylinder 5 to increase the contact area between the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the test cylinder 5. The reaction frame 4 is mounted on the base 1, and the seat plate 3 faces the reaction frame. The frame 4 is set up; the force transmission seat 8 is placed above the soil sample in the test cylinder 5, and the force transmission seat 8 is used to transmit the force to the reaction rod 42; an adjustment block 9 is set between the reaction frame 4 and the force transmission seat 8. The adjustment block 9 can be set as one or more. In this application, the adjustment block 9 can be one, two or three, as long as it realizes the coarse adjustment of the height of the force transmission seat 8, and thus realizes the detection of the compression coefficient of the soil sample in the test cylinder 5 of different heights. The specific number of adjustment blocks 9 is determined according to the height of the soil sample in the inner cylinder 52.
[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The force transmission seat 8 includes a lower pressure plate, a transmission part, an upper pressure plate, and multiple reinforcing ribs. The plane of the lower pressure plate is parallel to the plane of the upper pressure plate. The diameter of the lower pressure plate is the same as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 52 to facilitate uniform force application to the soil sample in the inner cylinder 52. The lower pressure plate and the upper pressure plate are fixedly connected by the transmission part. The lower pressure plate, the transmission part, and the upper pressure plate are coaxially arranged. Multiple reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the transmission part. The upper horizontal sidewall of the reinforcing rib is welded to the upper pressure plate, the lower horizontal sidewall of the reinforcing rib is welded to the lower pressure plate, and the vertical sidewall of the reinforcing rib is welded to the transmission part.
[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The conveying assembly 6 includes a frame bracket 63, two guide rails 61, and multiple pulleys 62. The guide rails 61 are mounted on the top wall of the base 1, and the two guide rails 61 are arranged parallel to each other, along the length of the base 1. In this embodiment, the guide rails 61 are fixed to the base 1 with bolts. Multiple pulleys 62 are mounted on the bottom wall of the support, and the pulleys 62 can slide along the guide rails 61. In this application, there can be four, six, or eight pulleys. However, to achieve stable support for the frame bracket 63 and position adjustment between the frame bracket 63 and the test cylinder 5, this embodiment uses four pulleys 62, divided into two groups. Furthermore, the four pulleys 62 are installed near the corner of the frame bracket 63 to facilitate position adjustment of the frame bracket 63, thereby adjusting the position of the test cylinder 5 and reducing the need for personnel to handle the test cylinder. The manual labor consumption in section 5; in addition, the guide rail 61 is provided with a scale, which is distributed along the length of the guide rail 61 to ensure the precise adjustment of the position of the frame bracket 63, so that the test cylinder 5 is set directly opposite the base plate 3, thereby facilitating the lifting of the test cylinder 5; the test cylinder 5 is placed on the frame bracket 63, and the test cylinder 5 is used to hold soil samples. The frame bracket 63 is provided with a second cavity 64 for the force transmission seat 8 to pass through; the frame bracket 63 is provided with multiple limiting blocks 65. In this application, the limiting blocks 65 can be three, four, or five, as long as they can limit the test cylinder 5. In this example, the limiting blocks 65 are set to four, and the four limiting blocks 65 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the test cylinder 5, and the four limiting blocks 65 form a limiting cavity 66 for limiting the test cylinder 5. The limiting blocks 65 are fixed to the frame bracket 63 by welding.
[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The test cylinder 5 includes an inner cylinder 52, an outer cylinder 51, and at least two connecting parts 53. The outer cylinder 51 is mounted on a frame bracket 63. The inner cylinder 52 is coaxially arranged with the outer cylinder 51, and the inner cylinder 52 is used to hold soil samples. The inner cylinder 52 and the outer cylinder 51 are fixedly connected by the connecting parts 53. In this application, there can be two, three, or four connecting parts, as long as they can achieve a fixed connection between the inner cylinder 52 and the outer cylinder 51. In this embodiment, the connecting parts are... Two connecting parts 53 are provided, and another connecting part 53 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 52; a water-holding gap 54 is left between the inner cylinder 52 and the outer cylinder 51 for holding water, and a seepage hole 55 for soaking soil samples is provided on the inner cylinder 52. Multiple seepage holes 55 are provided, and multiple seepage holes 55 are evenly distributed on the side wall and bottom wall of the inner cylinder 52 to facilitate the detection of the compressibility coefficient of soil samples in dry, natural and saturated states.
[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The reaction frame 4 includes a reaction rod 42 and two guide rods 41. The two guide rods 41 are mounted on the base 1 and are axially parallel. The axial direction of the guide rods 41 is parallel to the axial direction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2. In this embodiment, the guide rods 41 are threadedly connected to the base 1, and the axial direction of the guide rods 41 is perpendicular to the plane of the base 1. The reaction rod 42 is mounted on the two guide rods 41 and is sleeved on the guide rods 41. The guide rods 41 can slide along the axial direction of the reaction rods 42. The guide rod 41 includes a smooth section 411 and a threaded section 412 integrally connected. The smooth section 411 is connected to the base 1. In this embodiment, the smooth section 411 is threaded. The sliding section 411 is fixedly connected to the base 1 by bolts. The threaded section 412 passes through the reaction rod 42, and the reaction rod 42 is slidably connected to the threaded section 412. The threaded section 412 is threaded with a nut 43 that abuts against the reaction rod 42. At least one nut 43 is provided on each side of the reaction rod 42. In this application, there can be two, three, or four nuts 43, as long as the position of the reaction rod 42 is fixed. In this embodiment, there are three nuts 43. Two nuts 43 are provided above the reaction rod 42, and one nut 43 is provided below the reaction rod 42. At least one nut 43 located on each side of the reaction rod 42 abuts against the reaction rod 42.
[0046] The implementation principle of the coarse-grained soil compressibility coefficient testing device in this application embodiment is as follows: During the coarse-grained soil compressibility coefficient testing process, firstly, the operator applies force to the frame support 63, which drives the pulley 62 to move along the guide rail 61. Simultaneously, the frame support 63 drives the test cylinder 5 to move synchronously until the vertical projection of the test cylinder 5 is completely separated from the vertical projection of the reaction frame 4. Then, the operator places the premixed coarse-grained soil into the inner cavity of the test cylinder 5. After the coarse soil particles are filled, the operator applies force to the test cylinder 5. Due to the gravity of the test cylinder 5 and the coarse-grained soil, the test cylinder 5 applies force to the frame support 63. Force is applied to the frame bracket 63, which drives the pulley 62 to move along the guide rail 61 until the test cylinder 5 is directly below the oil cylinder 2. Then, the force transmission seat 8 is placed on the coarse soil in the inner cylinder 52, and the adjusting block 9 is placed on the force transmission seat 8. The oil cylinder 2 is then adjusted, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder 2 moves upward. When the piston rod of the oil cylinder 2 contacts the test cylinder 5, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 2 drives the test cylinder 5 to move upward. When the coarse soil particles in the test cylinder 5 contact the reaction frame 4, the reaction frame 4 applies a reverse force to the coarse soil particles in the test cylinder 5, so as to detect the ratio of the change in the porosity of the coarse soil particles in the test cylinder 5 to the corresponding pressure increment.
[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A device for detecting the compressibility coefficient of coarse-grained soil, characterized in that, It includes a base (1), a hydraulic cylinder (2), a seat plate (3), a reaction frame (4), a force transmission seat (8), a test cylinder (5), and a conveying assembly (6); The hydraulic cylinder (2) is mounted on the base (1), and the axial direction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is perpendicular to the plane of the base (1); The piston rod of the cylinder (2) is connected to the seat plate (3), and the base (1) has a first cavity (7) for the seat plate (3) to pass through. The seat plate (3) is used to place the test cylinder (5). The reaction frame (4) is mounted on the base (1), and the base plate (3) is positioned directly opposite the reaction frame (4); The conveying assembly (6) includes a frame bracket (63), two guide rails (61) and multiple pulleys (62); The guide rail (61) is installed on the top wall of the base (1), and the two guide rails (61) are arranged in parallel, and the guide rails (61) are arranged along the length direction of the base (1); Multiple pulleys (62) are mounted on the bottom wall of the frame bracket (63), and the pulleys (62) can slide along the guide rail (61); The test tube (5) is placed on the frame support (63), and the test tube (5) is used to place soil samples. The frame support (63) has a second cavity (64) for the force transmission seat (8) to pass through.
2. The coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction frame (4) includes a reaction rod (42) and two guide rods (41); Two guide rods (41) are mounted on the base (1), and the two guide rods (41) are arranged axially parallel. The axial direction of the guide rods (41) is parallel to the axial direction of the piston rod of the oil cylinder (2). The reaction rod (42) is mounted on the two guide rods (41).
3. The coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rod (41) includes an integrally connected smooth section (411) and threaded section (412). The smooth section (411) is connected to the base (1). The threaded section (412) passes through the reaction rod (42) and is slidably connected to the threaded section (412). A nut (43) that abuts against the reaction rod (42) is threaded on the threaded section (412), and at least one nut (43) is provided on each side of the reaction rod (42).
4. The coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test cylinder (5) includes an inner cylinder (52), an outer cylinder (51) and at least two connecting parts (53), wherein the outer cylinder (51) is mounted on the frame bracket (63); The inner cylinder (52) is coaxially arranged with the outer cylinder (51), and the inner cylinder (52) is used to place soil samples; the inner cylinder (52) and the outer cylinder (51) are fixedly connected by the connecting part (53); A water-holding gap (54) is provided between the inner cylinder (52) and the outer cylinder (51) for holding water, and a seepage hole (55) is provided on the inner cylinder (52) for soaking soil samples.
5. The coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A force transmission seat (8) is placed above the soil sample in the inner cylinder (52), and the force transmission seat (8) is used to transmit the force to the reaction rod (42).
6. The coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adjusting block (9) is provided between the reaction frame (4) and the force transmission seat (8), and there is one adjusting block (9).
7. The coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adjusting block (9) is provided between the reaction frame (4) and the force transmission seat (8), and multiple adjusting blocks (9) are provided.
8. The coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (61) is provided with a scale.
9. The coarse-grained soil compression coefficient testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame bracket (63) is provided with a plurality of limiting blocks (65), which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the test cylinder (5) and form a limiting cavity (66) for limiting the test cylinder (5).