Grafting knife

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grafting knife, belongs to the technical field of garden tools, and particularly relates to a grafting tool with a disinfection function and a blade adjustable structure. An existing grafting knife has the problems that disinfection operation is tedious, and the extension length of a blade is inconvenient to adjust. A blade installation groove is formed in the front end of a knife handle, the rear end of a blade is installed in the groove in a sliding and limiting mode, a disinfectant storage box is arranged in the knife handle and connected to a nozzle at the front end of the knife handle through a guide pipe, a pressing pump is arranged on the guide pipe, a pressing pump button extends out of the upper portion of the knife handle, and the nozzle faces the cutting edge. The gear assembly comprises a sliding rail, a rack, a gear and a hand wheel, the rotation axis of the hand wheel is perpendicular to the extension direction of the blade mounting groove, and the rack stroke length is equal to the adjustable extension length of the blade. The grafting knife can be operated by one hand to disinfect and spray liquid, accurately adjusts the extension amount of the blade through the hand wheel, is suitable for grafting plants such as fruit trees and flowers, and improves the incision disinfection efficiency and the blade adjusting precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gardening tools. More specifically, this utility model relates to a grafting knife. Background Technology

[0002] Grafting technology is widely used in agricultural production and horticulture. The disinfection effect and cutting precision of its core tool, the grafting knife, directly affect the grafting survival rate. Traditional grafting knives require frequent dipping in disinfectant during use, interrupting operation and easily contaminating the blade. Furthermore, adjusting the blade extension length often relies on manual pushing and pulling or screw fixing, resulting in low adjustment precision and time-consuming operation. Existing technologies have attempted to integrate disinfection functions into some grafting tools, such as through built-in liquid storage chambers. However, due to unreasonable conduit layouts or uncontrollable spray volume, this can easily lead to wasted disinfectant or uneven coverage. In addition, blade adjustment mechanisms often use spring-loaded clips or threaded rod structures, which suffer from loosening after wear and limited adjustment stroke. Because grafting operations are sensitive to the blade's cutting angle and depth, existing adjustment mechanisms struggle to meet micron-level precision requirements, and their complex mechanical structures increase maintenance difficulty. How to integrate disinfection and adjustment functions without affecting the grip and ensure long-term reliability is a current challenge for technological improvement. Utility Model Content

[0003] One object of this invention is to solve at least the problems described above and to provide at least the advantages that will be explained later.

[0004] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a grafting knife is provided, comprising:

[0005] The tool holder has a longitudinally extending blade mounting groove at its front end;

[0006] The blade has its rear end slidingly and limitedly mounted in the blade mounting slot;

[0007] A disinfectant reservoir is located inside the handle of the knife. The disinfectant reservoir is equipped with a conduit that connects to a nozzle located at the front end of the handle. A press pump is installed on the conduit, and the button of the press pump extends above the handle. The outlet of the nozzle faces the blade.

[0008] A gear assembly is disposed inside the knife handle. The gear assembly includes a slide rail disposed inside the knife handle, a rack slidably engaged with the slide rail, a gear meshing with the rack, and a handwheel coaxially disposed with the gear. The upper part of the handwheel extends above the knife handle. The rear end of the blade is fixedly connected to the front end of the rack. The rotation axis of the handwheel is perpendicular to the extension direction of the blade mounting groove. The cutting edge plane of the blade is parallel to the sliding direction of the slide rail. The stroke length of the rack is equal to the adjustable extension length of the blade.

[0009] Preferably, the single press of the pump dispenses 0.25 ml ± 0.05 ml of liquid.

[0010] Preferably, the gear and rack have a module of 0.6-0.8 mm and a pressure angle of 25°-28°; the rack has a circular arc transition zone at the tooth root, with a radius of curvature of 0.35-0.45 times the module; the gear has an addendum coefficient of 0.9-1.0 and a dedendum coefficient of 1.1-1.2; the rack has a progressive profile section along its effective meshing length, with the starting point of the involute profile of the progressive profile section offset towards the tooth root by 0.02-0.04 mm; the backlash compensation of the gear and rack is 0.04-0.06 times the module, and the rack tooth surface is coated with a 0.005-0.008 mm thick molybdenum disulfide coating; the cumulative pitch error of the rack is less than 0.03 mm / 100 mm, and the tooth direction tolerance zone is 0.008-0.012 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the handwheel has 6-8 finger pressure grooves evenly distributed around its circumference, the depth of the finger pressure grooves is 1.2-1.8mm and the bottom of the finger pressure grooves is an arc surface with a radius of 2-3mm; the hub of the handwheel is embedded with a magnetic positioning ring, which forms a magnetic positioning engagement with the iron positioning plate provided in the handle;

[0012] The axial projection of the finger pressure groove forms a 30°-45° chamfer with the rotation direction of the handwheel; the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic positioning ring is 80-100mT, and a perceptible positioning resistance is generated when the distance between it and the iron positioning piece is 0.5-1.0mm; the rim surface of the handwheel is covered with an anti-slip silicone layer, and the surface of the anti-slip silicone layer has hemispherical protrusions with a height of 0.3-0.5mm, and the density of hemispherical protrusions is 15-20 per cm².

[0013] Preferably, the width of the blade mounting groove is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm greater than the thickness of the blade.

[0014] Preferably, the slide rail has an I-shaped cross-section; the rear end of the rack is provided with a limit stop, and the limit stop and the rear end baffle of the slide rail form a contact-type limit engagement.

[0015] Preferably, the outer surface of the knife handle is provided with an anti-slip rubber layer, the thickness of which is 1.5mm to 2.5mm.

[0016] Preferably, the volume of the disinfectant storage tank is 10ml to 15ml; the inner diameter of the conduit is 1.0mm to 1.5mm; and the nozzle orifice diameter is 0.3mm to 0.5mm.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom of the disinfectant storage tank is provided with a guide slope that is inclined towards the inlet of the conduit, and the guide slope forms an inclination angle of 15°-25° with the horizontal plane;

[0018] The disinfectant storage tank is equipped with a filling port cap with a sealing ring on the top, and the axis of the filling port cap is perpendicular to the length direction of the knife handle;

[0019] The vertical distance between the lowest point of the guide slope and the center line of the conduit inlet is 2-3 mm; the side wall of the disinfectant storage tank is fitted with a transparent observation window, and the surface of the transparent observation window is marked with volume scale.

[0020] Preferably, the inner cavity of the knife handle is provided with longitudinal reinforcing ribs, which extend along the length of the knife handle and divide the inner cavity into an upper instrument compartment and a lower liquid storage compartment; a gear assembly is fixedly installed in the upper instrument compartment, and a disinfectant storage tank is embedded in the lower liquid storage compartment.

[0021] The thickness of the longitudinal reinforcing rib is 1.2-1.5 times the thickness of the handle wall, and its top is provided with a shock-absorbing rubber strip that is bonded to the bottom surface of the slide rail.

[0022] The outer surface of the grip section of the handle is provided with a heat dissipation grille. The grille bars are spaced 0.8-1.2 mm apart and are staggered from the lower liquid storage tank.

[0023] This invention improves the practical performance of grafting tools in multiple aspects through structural optimization and functional integration. Its beneficial effects are mainly reflected in the comprehensive improvement of operational convenience, structural stability, and service life. Through the coordinated design of gear and rack precision transmission and disinfectant spraying system, it achieves integrated operation of precise blade extension length adjustment and instant disinfection, reducing work interruptions. The I-shaped slide rail and limit stop ensure the accuracy of linear blade movement, reducing the risk of cutting deviation. The anti-slip rubber layer and ergonomic handwheel structure enhance grip stability and adapt to the needs of long-term operation. The design of the guide slope and transparent observation window optimizes liquid utilization and facilitates liquid volume monitoring, while the combination of longitudinal reinforcing ribs and heat dissipation grilles improves internal thermal management while enhancing structural strength. The targeted selection of parameters and materials for each component balances the requirements of lightweighting and durability. The overall solution takes into account both functional practicality and ease of maintenance, making it suitable for diverse horticultural work scenarios.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the grafting knife according to one of the technical solutions of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a side view of the grafting knife according to one of the technical solutions of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a side view of the gear assembly according to one of the technical solutions of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the disinfectant storage tank according to one of the technical solutions of this utility model.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: handle 100, blade mounting slot 11, blade 200, disinfectant reservoir 300, conduit 31, nozzle 32, press pump 33, gear assembly 400, slide rail 41, rack 42, gear 43, handwheel 44, and filling port cap 34. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the description of this utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0032] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a grafting knife, comprising:

[0033] The tool holder 100 has a longitudinally extending blade mounting groove 11 at its front end;

[0034] The blade 200 is slidably mounted in the blade mounting groove 11 at its rear end; the width of the blade mounting groove 11 is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm larger than the thickness of the blade 200.

[0035] A disinfectant reservoir 300 is disposed inside the knife handle 100. The disinfectant reservoir 300 is provided with a conduit 31, which is connected to a nozzle 32 located at the front end of the knife handle 100. A press pump 33 is provided on the conduit 31, and the button of the press pump 33 extends above the knife handle 100. The outlet of the nozzle 32 faces the blade edge of the blade 200. The single press of the press pump 33 dispenses 0.25ml ± 0.05ml of disinfectant.

[0036] A gear assembly 400 is disposed inside the tool holder 100. The gear assembly 400 includes a slide rail 41 disposed inside the tool holder 100, a rack 42 slidably engaged with the slide rail 41, a gear 43 meshing with the rack 42, and a handwheel 44 coaxially disposed with the gear 43. The upper part of the handwheel 44 extends above the tool holder 100. The rear end of the blade 200 is fixedly connected to the front end of the rack 42. The rotation axis of the handwheel 44 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the blade mounting groove 11. The cutting plane of the blade 200 is parallel to the sliding direction of the slide rail 41. The stroke length of the rack 42 is equal to the adjustable extension length of the blade 200.

[0037] In the above technical solution, for both the tool holder and the blade, the width of the blade mounting groove can be 0.1-0.3mm larger than the blade thickness; for example, when the blade thickness is 1.0mm, the groove width is designed to be 1.2mm. The tool holder can be injection molded from ABS engineering plastic, and the length of the internal slide rail can be set to 40-60mm. The slide rail material can be aluminum alloy profile. The blade can be made of 304 stainless steel and fixed to the front end of the rack with an M2 screw at the rear end. A 0.5mm thick polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant liner can be attached to the inner wall of the blade mounting groove to reduce blade sliding friction. During assembly, the blade mounting groove is located within 10-15mm of the front end of the tool holder, and the slide rail is installed parallel to the axis of the tool holder in the upper part of the inner cavity.

[0038] During operation, the blade moves linearly along the slide rail, and the limiting structure of the blade mounting slot prevents the blade from deflecting. The blade extension length is adjusted via the rack stroke, with the maximum stroke set to 20-30mm. The outer surface of the tool holder can be covered with a 1.5-2.5mm thick silicone anti-slip layer, with a Shore A hardness of 50-60.

[0039] For disinfectant spraying, the disinfectant reservoir can be designed with a volume of 10-15ml, made of transparent PET material through injection molding. The inner diameter of the tubing can be a 1.2mm medical-grade flexible tube, the nozzle orifice diameter is 0.4mm, and the atomization angle is 60°. A miniature plunger pump can be used, with a single press dispensing 0.25ml ± 0.05ml and a pump stroke of 3-5mm. During assembly, the disinfectant reservoir is located behind the handle grip section, the tubing is routed along the left side of the handle's inner cavity, and the nozzle outlet direction is at a 15°-20° angle to the blade edge.

[0040] During operation, pressing the button with your thumb triggers the plunger pump, atomizing the disinfectant through the nozzle and spraying it onto the blade edge. The bottom of the disinfectant tank can be designed with a 15° inclined flow surface to ensure complete drainage. The pump spring reset time is ≤0.5 seconds, allowing for continuous operation.

[0041] For blade adjustment, a gear module of 0.7mm, a pressure angle of 26°, a tooth addendum coefficient of 0.95, and a tooth dedendum coefficient of 1.15 can be selected. The rack pitch is 1.5mm, the effective meshing length is 35mm, and the tooth surface is coated with a 0.006mm thick molybdenum disulfide coating. The handwheel diameter is 18-22mm, with 6 finger pressure grooves distributed circumferentially around the rim, each 1.5mm deep. The slide rail has an I-shaped cross-section, a width of 8mm, and a track clearance ≤0.1mm. During assembly, the gear and handwheel are coaxially mounted on the top right side of the tool holder, the rack and slide rail are clearance-fitted, and a limit stop is welded to the rear end of the rack.

[0042] During operation, rotating the handwheel drives the gear, which in turn moves the rack horizontally. Each 30° rotation of the blade corresponds to a 0.5mm displacement. Positioning resistance is generated when the magnetic positioning ring and the iron positioning plate are 0.8mm apart, with a magnetic induction intensity of 90mT. The mating surfaces of the slide rail and the rack are coated with lithium-based grease to reduce wear.

[0043] The blade mounting slot and slide rail work together to achieve linear movement of the blade without wobbling. The metering pump ensures that the disinfectant evenly covers the blade, and the fluctuation range of the single spray volume is controlled within ±5%. Optimized parameters of the gears and racks reduce transmission noise to ≤45dB, and the cumulative wear over the lifespan is <0.02mm.

[0044] In another technical solution, the module of the gear 43 and the rack 42 is 0.6-0.8 mm and the pressure angle is 25°-28°; the rack 42 has a circular arc transition zone at the tooth root, and the radius of curvature of the circular arc transition zone is 0.35-0.45 times the module; the addendum coefficient of the gear 43 is 0.9-1.0 and the dedendum coefficient is 1.1-1.2; the rack 42 has a progressively modified section along its effective meshing length. The starting point of the involute of the tooth profile in the progressive shaping section is offset towards the tooth root by 0.02-0.04 mm; the backlash compensation of the gear 43 and rack 42 is 0.04-0.06 times the module, and the tooth surface of rack 42 is coated with a 0.005-0.008 mm thick molybdenum disulfide coating; the cumulative pitch error of rack 42 is less than 0.03 mm / 100 mm, and the tooth direction tolerance zone is 0.008-0.012 mm.

[0045] In the above technical solution, the gear module can be 0.7mm, the pressure angle 26°, the addendum coefficient 0.95, and the dedendum coefficient 1.15. The rack module matches the gear, and the pressure angle can be set to 25° or 27°. The gear material can be S45C carbon steel, surface high-frequency hardened to HRC45-50; the rack can be 40Cr alloy steel, tempered to a hardness of HRC28-32. During assembly, the gear is fixed to the handwheel shaft via a keyway, and the rack is installed in the guide grooves on both sides of the slide rail. The center distance tolerance between the gear and rack is controlled within ±0.02mm.

[0046] During operation, when the gear and rack mesh, the addendum coefficient of 0.95 reduces tooth tip interference, while the dedendum coefficient of 1.15 increases tooth root strength. For a gear with a module of 0.7mm, the tooth surface contact stress can be controlled below 800MPa under a load of 5N·m. The rack tooth pitch is machined using a CNC machine tool, with a single tooth error ≤0.005mm.

[0047] The radius of curvature of the tooth root arc transition zone can be set to 0.3mm (module 0.7mm × 0.43). The starting point of the involute of the tooth profile in the progressive modification section is offset towards the tooth root by 0.03mm, and the modification length accounts for 20%-30% of the effective meshing section. The rack can be shaped by wire EDM, and the tooth root arc is precision-finished with a ball end mill with an R0.3mm diameter. During assembly, the progressive modification section is located at the initial meshing position of the rack and gear, and the parallelism error between the rack installation direction and the slide rail is ≤0.01mm / 100mm.

[0048] During operation, the rounded transition at the tooth root reduces stress concentration, and the progressive profile section ensures smooth gear engagement, reducing impact noise. For every 10mm movement of the rack, the progressive profile section reduces transmission torque fluctuation by approximately 15%.

[0049] The backlash compensation can be set to 0.05 times the module (0.7mm × 0.05 = 0.035mm), achieved by adjusting the gear mounting eccentricity. The molybdenum disulfide coating on the rack tooth surface is 0.006mm thick, applied using a physical vapor deposition process. The cumulative pitch error is measured using a coordinate measuring machine, with a maximum deviation ≤0.025mm per 100mm length. The tooth direction tolerance is controlled within 0.01mm through gear grinding. During assembly, the backlash between the gear and rack is pre-tightened using adjusting screws, with the pre-tightening force set to 2-3 N·m.

[0050] During operation, the molybdenum disulfide coating reduces the coefficient of friction to 0.08-0.12, and the 0.035mm backlash compensation eliminates idle error. At a rack travel speed of 20mm / s, the transmission backlash is ≤0.02mm. A tooth tolerance of 0.01mm ensures uniform load distribution on the tooth surface, and the gear life can reach over 50,000 cycles.

[0051] Optimized gear parameters and a tooth root arc transition structure reduce transmission noise and wear, extending component lifespan. Progressive profile sections and backlash compensation design improve the repeatability of insert position adjustment and reduce vibration during operation. A molybdenum disulfide coating and strict tolerance control ensure transmission stability after long-term use, preventing accuracy degradation due to wear.

[0052] In another technical solution, the handwheel 44 has 6-8 finger pressure grooves evenly distributed around its circumference, the depth of the finger pressure grooves is 1.2-1.8mm and the bottom of the finger pressure grooves is an arc surface with a radius of 2-3mm; the hub of the handwheel 44 is embedded with a magnetic positioning ring, and the magnetic positioning ring and the iron positioning plate provided in the handle 100 form a magnetic positioning engagement;

[0053] The axial projection of the finger pressure groove forms a 30°-45° chamfer with the rotation direction of the handwheel 44; the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic positioning ring is 80-100mT, and a perceptible positioning resistance is generated when the distance between it and the iron positioning piece is 0.5-1.0mm; the rim surface of the handwheel 44 is covered with an anti-slip silicone layer, and the surface of the anti-slip silicone layer has hemispherical protrusions with a height of 0.3-0.5mm, and the density of hemispherical protrusions is 15-20 per cm².

[0054] In the above technical solution, there can be 7 acupressure grooves, evenly spaced circumferentially, with a depth of 1.5mm and a bottom arc radius of 2.5mm. The handwheel can be injection molded from ABS plastic, with a rim diameter of 20-22mm. The inclination angle of the acupressure groove sidewall can be set to 45°, and the groove width is 4-5mm. During assembly, the acupressure groove is located on the outer surface of the handwheel rim, with the axial projection direction forming a 40° chamfer with the rotational tangent direction. The handwheel is mounted on the top right side of the tool holder via a bearing with an inner diameter of 4mm, an outer diameter of 8mm, and a thickness of 3mm.

[0055] During operation, when the operator presses their fingers into the acupressure grooves, the rounded bottom of the grooves disperses the contact stress, and the chamfered design reduces slippage during rotation. Each 60° rotation of the handwheel corresponds to a different acupressure groove position, with the rotation torque set at 0.3-0.5 N·m. The distribution angle error of the acupressure grooves is controlled within ±1° to ensure a uniform tactile feel.

[0056] The magnetic positioning ring can be made of neodymium iron boron magnet, with an outer diameter of 10mm, a thickness of 2mm, and a magnetic induction intensity of 90mT. The iron positioning plate can be made of low-carbon steel stamping, with a thickness of 1.2mm and a nickel-plated surface for rust prevention. During assembly, the magnetic positioning ring is embedded in the handwheel hub, with a distance of 0.8mm between it and the iron positioning plate on the inner wall of the tool holder. The positioning plates are evenly distributed along the rotation trajectory of the handwheel, with one plate every 60°, for a total of 6 positioning points. In the magnetic force attenuation test, the magnetic force loss is less than 5% after 10,000 rotations.

[0057] During operation, when the handwheel rotates to the positioning point, the distance between the magnetic positioning ring and the iron plate decreases to 0.5mm, generating a perceptible positioning resistance (approximately 0.8N·m). The rotation angle error is compensated by the magnetic gap, and the actual positioning accuracy deviation is ≤0.5°.

[0058] The anti-slip silicone layer can be made of liquid silicone with a Shore A40 hardness, and is applied to the surface of the handwheel rim through secondary injection molding, with a thickness of 0.8-1.0 mm. The hemispherical protrusions are 0.4 mm high, 0.6 mm in diameter, and have a density of 18 protrusions / cm², formed using a mold etching process. During assembly, the silicone layer covers the operating surface of the rim, and the hemispherical protrusions are positioned away from the bottom of the finger pressure groove. The silicone layer is fixed to the handwheel base with a chemical adhesive, achieving a peel strength ≥5 N / mm.

[0059] During operation, the surface friction coefficient of the anti-slip silicone layer is 0.6-0.8 (dry state), and the hemispherical protrusions increase the contact area for fingers. In a 70% humidity environment, the fluctuation range of the handwheel rotation force is controlled within ±10%. The silicone layer has a temperature resistance range of -20℃ to 80℃, and after an aging test (1000 hours of UV irradiation), the hardness change is ≤5%.

[0060] The acupressure grooves and chamfered design enhance the directional control and tactile feedback of the handwheel rotation, reducing the probability of accidental activation. The magnetic positioning ring, in conjunction with the metal plate, provides a clear tactile feedback, ensuring accurate and repeatable blade position adjustments. The anti-slip silicone layer and hemispherical protrusions enhance operational stability in humid environments, reducing hand fatigue. The overall structure withstands prolonged, high-frequency operation, and the magnetic force attenuation and silicone aging indicators meet the lifespan requirements for garden tools.

[0061] In another technical solution, the slide rail 41 has an I-shaped cross-section; the rear end of the rack 42 is provided with a limit stop, and the limit stop and the rear end baffle of the slide rail 41 form a contact-type limit engagement.

[0062] In the above technical solution, the I-shaped cross-section height of the slide rail can be set to 6-8mm, the web thickness to 1.0-1.5mm, and the flange width to 10-12mm. The slide rail material can be 6063 aluminum alloy profile with an anodized surface thickness of 0.01-0.02mm. The slide rail length can be designed to be 50-70mm, and both ends are fixed to the inner walls of the tool holder using M3 bolts. During assembly, the slide rail is installed parallel to the tool holder axis, with a distance of 3-5mm from the top inner wall of the tool holder, and the center line of the slide rail web coincides with the rack's motion axis. A 0.5mm thick polyoxymethylene wear-resistant strip can be adhered to the inner side of the I-shaped flange of the slide rail to reduce the rack's sliding friction coefficient to 0.1-0.15.

[0063] During operation, the I-beam slide rail constrains the lateral offset of the rack through its upper and lower flanges, while the web provides longitudinal support. The clearance between the slide rail and the rack can be controlled within 0.05-0.1mm to ensure smooth sliding without wobbling. The flatness error of the slide rail installation is ≤0.02mm / 100mm, and it is checked and adjusted using a laser straightening instrument.

[0064] The limit stop can be designed as a cuboid structure with dimensions of 5mm × 5mm × 3mm, made of 40Cr alloy steel, with a nitrided surface treatment to a hardness of HV800-1000. The rear end baffle can be an L-shaped bent steel plate, 1.5mm thick, welded to the end of the slide rail. During assembly, the limit stop is fixed to the rear end of the rack by laser welding, with the contact surface distance between the limit stop and the rear end baffle set at 0.2-0.5mm. The perpendicularity error of the rear end baffle is ≤0.05mm, and can be adjusted using a right-angle ruler.

[0065] During operation, when the rack reaches its maximum stroke, the limit stop contacts the rear end baffle, restricting further forward movement. The contact surface pressure is set to 15-20 MPa through finite element analysis to prevent plastic deformation. The contact area between the limit stop and the rear end baffle can be coated with molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant to reduce collision noise. During the rack's return stroke, the limit stop forms a reverse limit with the front end baffle of the slide rail, with a bidirectional stroke error ≤0.1 mm.

[0066] The I-beam-shaped slide rail structure enhances the stability of the rack's motion guidance, with a lateral offset ≤0.05mm, reducing cutting trajectory deviation. The hard-contact limiting design between the limit block and the rear end baffle prevents the rack from derailing, ensuring a maximum stroke position repeatability accuracy error ≤0.1mm. Controlled fit tolerances between the slide rail and the limiting components extend service life; after 10,000 reciprocating motion tests, wear is <0.02mm. Lubrication of the contact surfaces ensures limiting collision noise ≤50dB, meeting ergonomic operating requirements.

[0067] In another technical solution, the outer surface of the handle 100 is provided with a gripping anti-slip rubber layer, the thickness of which is 1.5mm to 2.5mm.

[0068] In the above technical solution, the grip anti-slip rubber layer can be made of thermoplastic elastomer material, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), with a hardness range of Shore A 50-70. The surface of the rubber layer can be designed with diamond-shaped anti-slip texture, with a texture depth of 0.3-0.5mm and a texture spacing of 2-3mm. During assembly, the grip anti-slip rubber layer is applied to the outer surface of the grip section of the knife handle using a thermoforming process, covering an area from the middle of the handle to the butt end, with a length of 80-100mm. A polyurethane adhesive layer can be added to the bonding interface between the rubber layer and the knife handle substrate, with an adhesive layer thickness of 0.1-0.2mm and a peel strength ≥8N / cm.

[0069] During operation, the diamond-shaped anti-slip texture increases grip friction by enhancing the roughness of the contact surface. Tested in a 70% humidity environment, the static friction coefficient is ≥0.8. The elastic modulus of the rubber layer is set at 3-5 MPa to buffer vibration transmission during operation. The hot-pressing temperature is controlled at 160-180℃, with a holding time of 30-40 seconds to ensure no air bubbles at the interface between the rubber layer and the handle.

[0070] The thickness of the anti-slip rubber layer can be set to 2.0mm ± 0.2mm, with localized thickening areas such as the thumb pressing area potentially reaching 2.5mm. Thickness tolerance is controlled by the precision of the mold cavity, with an error ≤ ± 0.1mm. Black weather-resistant rubber can be used as the material, with carbon black filler added (15-20%) to improve wear resistance. During assembly, the outer surface of the handle's grip section is pre-machined with microporous structures, with a pore diameter of 0.2-0.3mm, a pore depth of 0.5mm, and a density of 20-30 pores / cm², to enhance the adhesion strength of the rubber layer.

[0071] During operation, the 2.0mm thick rubber layer balances shock absorption requirements with grip comfort, and the thickness change is ≤0.05mm after long-term grip pressure testing (5000 cycles). The microporous structure enhances the shear strength of the rubber layer and the handle to over 5MPa. The rubber layer has a temperature resistance range of -30℃ to 100℃, and the surface crack area is <1% after outdoor exposure testing (1000 hours).

[0072] The diamond-patterned texture and elastic modulus design of the grip-resistant rubber layer enhance grip stability and reduce the risk of hand slippage. Thickness control and locally thickened structures optimize grip comfort and reduce hand fatigue during prolonged use. The microporous interface and adhesive layer ensure the rubber layer does not peel off over long-term use, and its weather resistance meets the needs of outdoor operations. The material's abrasion resistance and thickness stability extend the service life of the anti-slip layer; after abrasion testing (5000 cycles of sandpaper rubbing), the texture retention rate is >90%.

[0073] In another technical solution, the volume of the disinfectant storage tank 300 is 10ml to 15ml; the inner diameter of the conduit 31 is 1.0mm to 1.5mm; and the nozzle 32 has a spray hole diameter of 0.3mm to 0.5mm.

[0074] In the above technical solution, the volume of the disinfectant storage tank can be set to 12ml, and it is injection molded from transparent polycarbonate (PC) material with a wall thickness of 1.2mm. An injection port can be provided on the top of the disinfectant storage tank, and the port cap is sealed with a silicone sealing ring with a compression of 0.4mm. During assembly, the disinfectant storage tank is embedded in the lower part of the knife handle's inner cavity, with the bottom guide slope inclined at a 20° angle, and the lowest point of the guide slope perpendicular to the center line of the conduit inlet 2.5mm. A transparent acrylic observation window can be embedded in the side wall of the disinfectant storage tank, with volume graduations printed on the surface of the observation window, the smallest graduation being 0.5ml.

[0075] During operation, the disinfectant flows naturally into the conduit inlet through the guide slope, with a residual volume of ≤0.15ml in the disinfectant tank. Pressure resistance testing of the disinfectant tank shows no deformation or leakage under an internal pressure of 0.05MPa. The transparent observation window facilitates real-time monitoring of the liquid level, with the level error controlled within ±0.3ml. The 12ml capacity of the disinfectant tank allows for 48 consecutive presses of 0.25ml each, suitable for routine grafting operations.

[0076] The tubing can be made of medical-grade silicone tubing with an inner diameter of 1.2mm, a length of 90mm, and a bending radius ≥20mm. The nozzle can be made of 316 stainless steel with a microporous structure, a nozzle diameter of 0.4mm, a conical guide chamber with a cone angle of 65°, and an outlet at a 15° angle to the blade edge. During assembly, one end of the tubing is connected to the disinfectant tank outlet via a barbed connector, and the other end is connected to the nozzle via a quick-connect connector with a sealing pressure ≥0.2MPa. The nozzle is fixed to the front end of the blade handle with an M3 thread, and the distance between the center line of the nozzle and the blade edge is 4mm.

[0077] During operation, the pump generates a hydraulic pressure of 0.06-0.08 MPa, driving the disinfectant through the conduit. The conical guide chamber of the nozzle atomizes the liquid into droplets with a diameter of 30-60 μm, covering the blade tip area. When the inner diameter of the conduit (1.2 mm) matches the nozzle (0.4 mm), the liquid flow rate is 1.0 ml / s, and the atomization angle is 75°. Chemical resistance testing of the conduit shows that after 200 hours of continuous use in a 75% alcohol environment, the inner wall expansion rate is <1%.

[0078] The 12ml disinfectant tank with its beveled design minimizes liquid residue and maximizes disinfectant utilization. The 1.2mm inner diameter of the tubing and the 0.4mm nozzle orifice ensure stable atomization coverage, preventing dripping or splashing. A quick-connect fitting and silicone sealing ring guarantee system tightness, eliminating the risk of leakage over long-term use. A transparent viewing window and graduated markings provide intuitive volume monitoring, reducing operational interruptions. The medical-grade silicone tubing and stainless steel nozzle offer excellent corrosion resistance and are compatible with a variety of disinfectant solutions.

[0079] In another technical solution, the bottom of the disinfectant storage tank 300 is provided with a guide slope that is inclined towards the inlet of the conduit 31, and the guide slope forms an inclination angle of 15°-25° with the horizontal plane;

[0080] The disinfectant storage tank 300 is provided with an injection port cover 34 with a sealing ring on the top, and the axis of the injection port cover 34 is perpendicular to the length direction of the knife handle 100.

[0081] The vertical distance between the lowest end of the guide slope and the center line of the inlet of the conduit 31 is 2-3 mm; the side wall of the disinfectant storage tank 300 is fitted with a transparent observation window, and the surface of the transparent observation window is marked with volume scale.

[0082] In the above technical solution, the inclination angle of the guide slope can be set to 20°, and the vertical distance between the bottom plane and the center line of the catheter inlet is 2.5mm. The disinfectant reservoir can be injection molded from transparent polycarbonate (PC) material, and the guide slope is formed by molding, with a surface roughness Ra≤3.2μm. During assembly, the lowest point of the guide slope is aligned with the center line of the catheter inlet, and the disinfectant reservoir is installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the handle, 3-5mm away from the bottom inner wall of the handle. A guide lip with a height of 0.5mm can be provided on the edge of the guide slope to prevent liquid stagnation.

[0083] During operation, the disinfectant solution flows towards the inlet of the conduit along the inclined guide surface under the influence of gravity, with a residual liquid volume of ≤0.1ml. The guide lip directs the liquid flow in a concentrated manner, and the roughness of the inclined surface reduces flow resistance. Inverted tests of the disinfectant storage tank show that the residual liquid volume is reduced by more than 80% compared to a flat-bottom structure.

[0084] The filling port cap can be made of polypropylene, and the sealing ring is made of Shore A50 silicone with a compression capacity of 0.4mm. The inner diameter of the filling port can be set to 4mm, with an M8×0.75 thread specification. A seal can be achieved with a cap rotation angle of ≤180°. During assembly, the axis of the filling port cap is perpendicular to the length of the knife handle, and the sealing ring is embedded in the groove of the cap body, with a groove depth of 1.2mm and a width of 1.5mm. The filling port is sealed to the disinfectant storage tank body by ultrasonic welding, with a weld width of 0.8mm.

[0085] During operation, when the injection port cap is rotated to the closed position, the sealing ring deforms under pressure to fill the gap, with a sealing pressure ≥0.15MPa. The injection port pressure resistance test shows no leakage at 0.1MPa pressure. The sealing ring chemical resistance test shows that after 500 hours of contact with a 75% alcohol solution, the volume expansion rate is <2%.

[0086] The transparent observation window can be made of acrylic sheet, 1.5mm thick, with a light transmittance of ≥92%. The scale markings can be screen-printed with white ink, with a line width of 0.2mm and a minimum graduation of 0.5ml. During assembly, the observation window is embedded in the middle of the side wall of the disinfectant tank, with window dimensions of 15mm × 40mm, and the edges are fixed with UV adhesive. The zero point of the scale markings is aligned with the highest point of the bottom flow ramp of the disinfectant tank, and the full-scale graduation corresponds to a volume of 12ml.

[0087] During operation, the operator reads the liquid volume directly through the observation window, with a graduation error controlled within ±0.2ml. Weather resistance testing of the acrylic material shows that the light transmittance decreases by ≤3% after 1000 hours of outdoor ultraviolet irradiation. The bonding strength between the observation window and the disinfectant storage tank is ≥5MPa, and it withstands temperature cycling from -20℃ to 60℃ without cracking.

[0088] The combination of a flow-guiding bevel and a flow-guiding lip reduces liquid residue and ensures complete utilization of the disinfectant. The inlet cap and sealing ring provide a reliable seal, preventing liquid evaporation or contamination. A transparent viewing window and precise graduations enable visual monitoring of the liquid level, enhancing ease of use. The acrylic viewing window's chemical resistance and light transmittance are suitable for long-term outdoor operating environments. A 20° inclination angle of the flow-guiding bevel and a 2.5mm distance from the conduit inlet optimize liquid flow efficiency.

[0089] In another technical solution, the inner cavity of the knife handle 100 is provided with a longitudinal reinforcing rib, which extends along the length of the knife handle 100 and divides the inner cavity into an upper instrument compartment and a lower liquid storage compartment; a gear assembly 400 is fixedly installed in the upper instrument compartment, and a disinfectant storage tank 300 is embedded in the lower liquid storage compartment.

[0090] The thickness of the longitudinal reinforcing rib is 1.2-1.5 times the wall thickness of the handle 100, and its top is provided with a shock-absorbing rubber strip that is bonded to the bottom surface of the slide rail 41.

[0091] The outer surface of the grip section of the handle 100 is provided with a heat dissipation grille. The grille bars are spaced 0.8-1.2 mm apart and are staggered from the lower liquid storage tank.

[0092] In the above technical solution, the longitudinal reinforcing rib can be designed with an I-shaped cross-section, with a height of 80% of the inner cavity height of the tool holder and a width of 10-12mm. The longitudinal reinforcing rib material can be glass fiber reinforced nylon (PA66+GF30). When the tool holder wall thickness is 2.0mm, the thickness of the longitudinal reinforcing rib is set to 2.6mm (1.3 times the wall thickness). During assembly, the longitudinal reinforcing rib is centrally arranged along the tool holder axis, dividing the inner cavity into an upper instrument compartment and a lower liquid storage compartment. The upper instrument compartment is 8-10mm high and is used to install gear assemblies; the lower liquid storage compartment is 12-15mm high and is used to install a disinfectant reservoir.

[0093] During operation, the longitudinal reinforcing ribs, through their I-shaped cross-section, enhance the bending stiffness of the tool holder, with a deformation ≤0.1mm under a bending moment load of 20 N·m. The longitudinal reinforcing ribs are fixed to the inner wall of the tool holder by ultrasonic welding, with a weld width of 1.0-1.5mm. The internal cavity partition design prevents vibration from the instrument compartment from being transmitted to the liquid storage tank, reducing the sloshing of the disinfectant.

[0094] The damping strip can be made of silicone material with a Shore A30 hardness, with a cross-sectional size of 3mm × 2mm, and an bonding length equal to the bottom surface of the slide rail. The strip is bonded to the bottom surface of the slide rail using a two-component epoxy adhesive with a shear strength ≥1.5MPa. A 1.5mm wide and 0.5mm deep groove for the strip is cut into the top of the longitudinal reinforcing rib, and the strip protrudes 0.3mm after insertion. During assembly, the contact pressure between the bottom surface of the slide rail and the strip is set to 0.05-0.08MPa.

[0095] During operation, the shock-absorbing rubber strip absorbs the vibration energy from the gear assembly transmission, achieving a vibration reduction efficiency of ≥60% within a frequency range of 50-200Hz. Aging resistance tests show that the hardness change is ≤5% after 1000 hours of use in an environment ranging from -20℃ to 80℃. With a longitudinal reinforcing rib thickness of 2.6mm, the overall weight of the tool holder increases by ≤8%, while the strength is increased by 1.8 times.

[0096] The heat dissipation grille can be designed as elongated holes, with each hole being 15-20mm long, 0.5-0.8mm wide, and 1.0mm apart. The grille area is located in the middle of the outer surface of the handle grip section, covering an area of ​​60-80cm², and the vertical distance from the lower liquid reservoir is ≥5mm. The grille is made of ABS plastic through a single injection molding process, with a 45° angle and a depth of 2.0mm. During assembly, a dustproof mesh with a 0.3mm mesh size and a light transmittance of ≥85% is installed inside the grille.

[0097] During operation, the heat dissipation grille accelerates airflow inside the tool holder through natural convection, resulting in an internal instrument compartment temperature rise of ≤5℃ at an ambient temperature of 30℃. The 45° angled grille design reduces the probability of foreign objects getting stuck, and the dust filter has a filtration efficiency of ≥90%. Surface temperature testing of the grille area shows that the outer surface temperature is ≤40℃ after one hour of continuous use.

[0098] Longitudinal reinforcing ribs enhance the structural strength of the tool holder and reduce interference between the instrument compartment and the fluid reservoir. Shock-absorbing strips effectively suppress transmission vibrations and extend the service life of gear components. A heat dissipation grille optimizes internal thermal management and prevents seal aging caused by high temperatures. The 1.0mm grille spacing, combined with a dust filter, balances heat dissipation efficiency and dust prevention requirements. The thickness and material selection of the longitudinal reinforcing ribs achieve a balance between lightweight design and rigidity.

[0099] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A grafting knife, characterized in that, include: The tool holder has a longitudinally extending blade mounting groove at its front end; The blade has its rear end slidingly and limitedly mounted in the blade mounting slot; A disinfectant reservoir is located inside the handle of the knife. The disinfectant reservoir is equipped with a conduit that connects to a nozzle located at the front end of the handle. A press pump is installed on the conduit, and the button of the press pump extends above the handle. The outlet of the nozzle faces the blade. A gear assembly is disposed inside the knife handle. The gear assembly includes a slide rail disposed inside the knife handle, a rack slidably engaged with the slide rail, a gear meshing with the rack, and a handwheel coaxially disposed with the gear. The upper part of the handwheel extends above the knife handle. The rear end of the blade is fixedly connected to the front end of the rack. The rotation axis of the handwheel is perpendicular to the extension direction of the blade mounting groove. The cutting edge plane of the blade is parallel to the sliding direction of the slide rail. The stroke length of the rack is equal to the adjustable extension length of the blade.

2. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pump dispenses 0.25ml ± 0.05ml per press.

3. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gear and rack have a module of 0.6-0.8 mm and a pressure angle of 25°-28°; the rack has a circular arc transition zone at the tooth root, with a radius of curvature of 0.35-0.45 times the module; the gear has an addendum coefficient of 0.9-1.0 and a dedendum coefficient of 1.1-1.2; the rack has a progressive profile section along its effective meshing length, with the starting point of the involute profile of the progressive profile section offset towards the tooth root by 0.02-0.04 mm; the backlash compensation of the gear and rack is 0.04-0.06 times the module, and the rack tooth surface is coated with a 0.005-0.008 mm thick molybdenum disulfide coating; the cumulative pitch error of the rack is less than 0.03 mm / 100 mm, and the tooth direction tolerance zone is 0.008-0.012 mm.

4. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The handwheel has 6-8 finger pressure grooves evenly distributed around its circumference. The depth of the finger pressure grooves is 1.2-1.8mm and the bottom of the finger pressure grooves is an arc surface with a radius of 2-3mm. The hub of the handwheel is embedded with a magnetic positioning ring, which forms a magnetic positioning engagement with the iron positioning plate set inside the handle. The axial projection of the finger pressure groove forms a 30°-45° chamfer with the rotation direction of the handwheel; the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic positioning ring is 80-100mT, and a perceptible positioning resistance is generated when the distance between it and the iron positioning piece is 0.5-1.0mm; the rim surface of the handwheel is covered with an anti-slip silicone layer, and the surface of the anti-slip silicone layer has hemispherical protrusions with a height of 0.3-0.5mm, and the density of hemispherical protrusions is 15-20 per cm².

5. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the blade mounting groove is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm greater than the thickness of the blade.

6. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slide rail has an I-shaped cross-section; a limit stop is provided at the rear end of the rack, and the limit stop and the rear end baffle of the slide rail form a contact-type limit engagement.

7. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the handle is provided with a gripping anti-slip rubber layer, the thickness of which is 1.5mm to 2.5mm.

8. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The volume of the disinfectant storage tank is 10ml to 15ml; the inner diameter of the conduit is 1.0mm to 1.5mm; and the nozzle orifice diameter is 0.3mm to 0.5mm.

9. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the disinfectant storage tank is provided with a guide slope that is inclined towards the inlet of the conduit, and the guide slope forms an inclination angle of 15°-25° with the horizontal plane; The disinfectant storage tank is equipped with a filling port cap with a sealing ring on the top, and the axis of the filling port cap is perpendicular to the length direction of the knife handle; The vertical distance between the lowest point of the guide slope and the center line of the conduit inlet is 2-3 mm; the side wall of the disinfectant storage tank is fitted with a transparent observation window, and the surface of the transparent observation window is marked with volume scale.

10. The grafting knife as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the knife handle is provided with longitudinal reinforcing ribs, which extend along the length of the knife handle and divide the inner cavity into an upper instrument compartment and a lower liquid storage compartment; a gear assembly is fixedly installed in the upper instrument compartment, and a disinfectant storage tank is embedded in the lower liquid storage compartment. The thickness of the longitudinal reinforcing rib is 1.2-1.5 times the thickness of the handle wall, and its top is provided with a shock-absorbing rubber strip that is bonded to the bottom surface of the slide rail. The outer surface of the grip section of the handle is provided with a heat dissipation grille. The grille bars are spaced 0.8-1.2 mm apart and are staggered from the lower liquid storage tank.

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