Biomass activated carbon preparation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass activated carbon preparation system, and belongs to the field of activated carbon preparation. Comprising a feeding assembly, a reaction furnace, a material returning assembly, a gas-solid separator and a steam heat exchange assembly, the reaction furnace is provided with a feeding port, a gas outlet, a material returning inlet and a solid outlet, the feeding assembly is used for adding carbonaceous raw materials into the reaction furnace, the gas-solid separator is provided with a gas inlet, a material returning port, a discharging port and a gas outlet, and the gas inlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the gas outlet of the reaction furnace. A material returning opening of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the feeding end of the material returning assembly, the discharging end of the material returning assembly is communicated with a material returning inlet of the reaction furnace, a gas outlet is communicated with the steam heat exchange assembly, the steam heat exchange assembly is communicated with the reaction furnace and the material returning assembly, and the steam heat exchange assembly is used for introducing steam into the reaction furnace and the material returning assembly; wherein the solid outlet is used for discharging granular primary activated carbon, and the discharge port is used for discharging granular primary activated carbon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of activated carbon preparation, specifically relating to a biomass activated carbon preparation system. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for renewable energy, biomass energy, as an important renewable energy source, has received widespread attention for its development and utilization. Biomass energy mainly refers to the use of organic matter such as agricultural crops and plant waste as fuel, converting it into thermal energy, electrical energy, and chemical energy through technologies such as pyrolysis, gasification, and liquefaction. Among these, biomass pyrolysis is one of the important pathways for biomass energy conversion. It involves heating biomass under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions to decompose it into products such as bio-oil, biochar, and combustible gases. Activated carbon, on the other hand, is an adsorbent material with abundant pore structure and a large surface area, widely used in environmental protection, chemical industry, and energy fields.

[0003] In related technologies, biomass pyrolysis is typically carried out using reactors such as fixed-bed, moving-bed, and fluidized-bed reactors. Among these, fluidized-bed reactors are widely used in research on the production of bio-oil and biochar from biomass pyrolysis due to their advantages such as good heat and mass transfer, flexible operation, and ease of large-scale scaling. Meanwhile, activated carbon preparation mainly employs two methods: physical activation and chemical activation. Physical activation primarily involves activating biochar with gases such as high-temperature steam or carbon dioxide to form a porous structure; chemical activation involves adding chemical reagents such as zinc chloride and phosphoric acid, resulting in a porous structure through reactions such as dehydration and dehydrogenation. However, existing biomass pyrolysis methods suffer from the problem of producing activated carbon of relatively poor quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a biomass activated carbon preparation system, which at least solves the problem of poor quality of activated carbon prepared by existing biomass pyrolysis.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a biomass activated carbon preparation system, the biomass activated carbon preparation system comprising: a feeding assembly, a reactor, a return assembly, a gas-solid separator, and a steam heat exchange assembly;

[0006] The reactor has a feed port, a gas outlet, a return inlet, and a solid outlet. The feeding assembly is used to add carbonaceous raw materials to the feed port of the reactor. The gas-solid separator has a gas inlet, a return inlet, a discharge outlet, and a gas outlet. The gas inlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor. The return inlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the feed end of the return assembly. The discharge end of the return assembly is connected to the return inlet of the reactor. The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the steam heat exchange assembly. The steam heat exchange assembly is connected to both the reactor and the return assembly. The steam heat exchange assembly is used to introduce steam into both the reactor and the return assembly.

[0007] The solid outlet of the reactor is used to discharge particulate primary activated carbon, and the discharge port of the gas-solid separator is used to discharge particulate primary activated carbon.

[0008] Optionally, the steam heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchanger and a steam generator;

[0009] The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the inlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger, the heat medium channel of the steam generator is connected to the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger and forms a circulation, and the steam channel of the steam generator is connected to the reactor and the return material assembly respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the reactor has a carbonization reaction generating section and an activation reaction generating section connected together;

[0011] The steam channel of the steam generator is connected to both the carbonization reaction generating section and the activation reaction generating section.

[0012] The feed port and the solid outlet are both located in the carbonization reaction generating section, and the gas outlet and the return material inlet are both located in the activation reaction generating section.

[0013] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a dust removal component;

[0014] The heat medium channel outlet of the steam heat exchange component is connected to the dust removal inlet of the dust removal component. The dust removal component is used to remove dust from the flue gas entering the dust removal component. The dust removal component has a discharge outlet for discharging initial activated carbon.

[0015] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a first water-cooled spiral;

[0016] The first water-cooled spiral is located at the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly, and the first water-cooled spiral is used to cool the initial activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet.

[0017] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a hot air assembly;

[0018] The hot air assembly is connected to the reactor and is used to inject high-temperature flue gas into the reactor.

[0019] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a mixer;

[0020] The steam passage of the steam generator and the hot air component are both connected to the mixer, which is connected to the reactor. The mixer is used to mix the steam delivered by the steam generator, the high-temperature flue gas delivered by the hot air component, and air to obtain a mixed gas, and then deliver the mixed gas to the reactor.

[0021] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a second water-cooled spiral;

[0022] The second water-cooling spiral is located at the solid outlet of the reactor and is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor.

[0023] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a third water-cooled spiral;

[0024] The third water-cooled spiral is located at the outlet of the gas-solid separator, and the third water-cooled spiral is used to cool the initial active carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator.

[0025] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a silo;

[0026] The hopper is used to store the carbonaceous raw material, and the outlet of the hopper faces the feeding assembly.

[0027] Optionally, the carbonaceous raw material includes coal and biomass; the biomass includes straw, plant debris, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit shells, vines, or branches;

[0028] The particle size of the carbonaceous raw material ranges from 10 mm to 50 mm.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for preparing biomass activated carbon, applied to the biomass activated carbon preparation system described in any one of the first aspects above, the method comprising:

[0030] Add carbonaceous raw materials to the reactor;

[0031] Steam is introduced into the reactor and the return material assembly through the steam heat exchange assembly, and high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the reactor to cause the carbonaceous raw material to react in the reactor.

[0032] The primary live carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor and the primary live carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator are collected.

[0033] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a mixer, wherein steam is introduced into the reactor and the return material assembly through the steam heat exchange assembly, and high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the reactor through the hot air assembly, so that the carbonaceous raw material reacts in the reactor, comprising:

[0034] Water vapor is introduced into the mixer through the steam heat exchanger, and high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the mixer through the hot air assembly, so that the mixer mixes the water vapor, the high-temperature flue gas and air to obtain a mixed gas;

[0035] The mixed gas is delivered to the reactor and the return assembly via the mixer.

[0036] In this embodiment, the reactor has a feed port. Therefore, carbonaceous raw materials can be added to the feed port of the reactor through the feeding assembly, allowing the carbonaceous raw materials to enter the reactor for reaction. Since the gas inlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor, the return port of the gas-solid separator is connected to the feed end of the return assembly, and the discharge end of the return assembly is connected to the return inlet of the reactor, the gas formed after the reaction in the reactor can flow out through the gas outlet of the reactor and enter the gas-solid separator. The gas-solid separator can then perform gas-solid separation on the gas entering it. The separated solids enter the return assembly and then enter the reactor through the return assembly to continue the reaction, while the gas separated by the gas-solid separator can flow out through the gas outlet of the gas-solid separator. Because the outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the steam heat exchange component, which is connected to both the reactor and the return material component, the gas flowing out of the gas-solid separator can flow to the steam heat exchange component for heat exchange. This allows the steam heat exchange component to generate steam, which is then transferred to the reactor and the return material component. As an activator, the steam causes the solids separated from the gas-solid separator to come into contact with the steam in the return material component. The carbonization raw materials in the reactor also come into contact with the steam. The solids in the return material component then enter the reactor, effectively increasing the contact time between the carbonization raw materials and the steam. This improves the activation effect of the carbonization raw materials and, consequently, the quality of the generated activated carbon. That is, in the embodiments of this application, by setting up a return material component and a steam heat exchange component, the steam heat exchange component is connected to the return material component and the reactor respectively, so that the water vapor generated by the steam heat exchange component can enter the reactor and the return material component respectively, so that the solid in the return material component comes into contact with the water vapor and enters the reactor, which is equivalent to increasing the contact time between the material and the water vapor in the reactor, improving the activation effect of the material in the reactor, and thus improving the quality of the generated activated carbon. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one of the biomass activated carbon preparation systems provided in this application embodiment;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram illustrating a biomass activated carbon preparation system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of a biomass activated carbon preparation system provided in this application embodiment;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for preparing biomass activated carbon according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure label:

[0042] 10: Feeding assembly; 20: Reactor; 21: Carbonization reaction generating section; 22: Activation reaction generating section; 30: Return assembly; 40: Gas-solid separator; 50: Steam heat exchange assembly; 51: Heat exchanger; 52: Steam generator; 60: Dust removal assembly; 70: First water-cooled spiral; 80: Hot air assembly; 90: Second water-cooled spiral; 100: Third water-cooled spiral; 110: Hopper; 120: Mixer. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the biomass activated carbon preparation system includes: a feeding assembly 10, a reactor 20, a return assembly 30, a gas-solid separator 40, and a steam heat exchange assembly 50.

[0047] The reactor 20 has a feed port, a gas outlet, a return feed inlet, and a solid outlet. The feeding assembly 10 is used to add carbonaceous raw materials to the feed port of the reactor 20. The gas-solid separator 40 has a gas inlet, a return feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a gas outlet. The gas inlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor 20. The return feed inlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is connected to the feed end of the return feed assembly 30. The discharge end of the return feed assembly 30 is connected to the return feed inlet of the reactor 20. The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is connected to the steam heat exchange assembly 50. The steam heat exchange assembly 50 is connected to both the reactor 20 and the return feed assembly 30. The steam heat exchange assembly 50 is used to introduce steam into both the reactor 20 and the return feed assembly 30. The solid outlet of the reactor 20 is used to discharge particulate primary activated carbon, and the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is used to discharge particulate primary activated carbon.

[0048] In this embodiment, the reactor 20 has a feed port. Therefore, carbonaceous raw materials can be added to the feed port of the reactor 20 through the feeding assembly 10, allowing the carbonaceous raw materials to enter the reactor 20 for reaction. Since the gas inlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor 20, the return port of the gas-solid separator 40 is connected to the feed end of the return assembly 30, and the discharge end of the return assembly 30 is connected to the return inlet of the reactor 20, the gas formed after the reaction in the reactor 20 can flow out through the gas outlet of the reactor 20 and enter the gas-solid separator 40. The gas-solid separator 40 can then perform gas-solid separation on the gas entering it. The separated solids enter the return assembly 30 and then enter the reactor 20 through the return assembly 30 to continue the reaction, while the gas separated by the gas-solid separator 40 can flow out from the gas outlet of the gas-solid separator 40. Since the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is connected to the steam heat exchange component 50, which is connected to the reactor 20 and the return material component 30 respectively, the gas flowing out of the gas-solid separator 40 can flow to the steam heat exchange component 50 for heat exchange, allowing the steam heat exchange component 50 to generate steam. The steam heat exchange component 50 then transfers the steam to the reactor 20 and the return material component 30. As an activator, the steam causes the solids separated from the gas-solid separator 40 to come into contact with the steam after entering the return material component 30. The carbonized raw materials in the reactor 20 also come into contact with the steam. The solids in the return material component 30 then enter the reactor 20, which effectively increases the contact time between the carbonized raw materials and the steam, thereby improving the activation effect of the carbonized raw materials and thus improving the quality of the generated activated carbon. That is, in this embodiment of the application, by setting up a return material assembly 30 and a steam heat exchange assembly 50, the steam heat exchange assembly 50 is connected to the return material assembly 30 and the reactor 20 respectively, so that the water vapor generated by the steam heat exchange assembly 50 can enter the reactor 20 and the return material assembly 30 respectively, so that the solid in the return material assembly 30 comes into contact with the water vapor and enters the reactor 20, which is equivalent to increasing the contact time between the material and the water vapor in the reactor 20, improving the activation effect of the material in the reactor 20, and thus improving the quality of the generated activated carbon.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, during the reaction in the reactor 20, the temperature inside the reactor 20 is high, resulting in a high-temperature gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the reactor 20. This gas carries solid matter, which consists of unreacted carbonaceous raw materials from the reactor 20 and granular activated carbon generated during the reaction. Once this high-temperature gas reaches the gas-solid separator 40, it can perform gas-solid separation, allowing the separated carbonaceous raw materials to enter the return material assembly 30, while the activated carbon is discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40. The gas temperature after separation by the gas-solid separator 40 is still relatively high, meaning the gas flowing out of the gas-solid separator 40 is high-temperature gas. This high-temperature gas flows to the steam heat exchange component 50, where heat exchange occurs, heating the liquid in the steam heat exchange component 50 to form steam. This steam can then enter the return material component 30 and the reactor 20. The unreacted carbonaceous raw materials in the return material component 30 will come into contact with the steam. Afterward, the carbonaceous raw materials in the return material component 30 enter the reactor 20, effectively increasing the contact time between the carbonaceous raw materials and the steam in the reactor 20. This improves the activation effect of the carbonaceous raw materials and enhances the quality of the generated activated carbon.

[0050] In addition, in this embodiment, the feeding assembly 10 may be a conveyor belt with a transmission function. Of course, the feeding assembly 10 may also be a handling robot or a handling manipulator with a handling function. The specific type of the feeding assembly 10 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0051] In addition, the high-temperature gas flowing out of the reactor 20 enters the steam heat exchange component 50 after passing through the gas-solid separator 40. This is equivalent to utilizing the heat of the high-temperature gas flowing out of the reactor 20, avoiding the waste of this heat, and realizing energy recycling, which can reduce energy consumption.

[0052] In addition, in this embodiment of the application, the carbonaceous raw material undergoes carbonization and activation reactions in the reactor 20. During the reaction, water vapor acts as an activator, and the temperature in the reactor 20 is relatively high, which allows the carbonaceous raw material to undergo carbonization reactions.

[0053] In some embodiments, the steam heat exchange assembly 50 may include a heat exchanger 51 and a steam generator 52; the gas outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is connected to the inlet of the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51, the hot medium channel of the steam generator 52 is connected to the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 and forms a circulation, and the steam channel of the steam generator 52 is connected to the reactor 20 and the return material assembly 30 respectively.

[0054] With this setup, the high-temperature gas flowing out of the reactor 20 flows to the gas-solid separator 40, where it performs gas-solid separation. The high-temperature gas flowing out of the gas-solid separator 40 then flows to the inlet of the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51. This high-temperature gas raises the temperature in the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51. The hot medium channel of the steam generator is connected to the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51, forming a circulation. This allows the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 to heat the liquid in the cold medium channel, achieving heat exchange. The liquid in the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 then flows to the hot medium channel of the steam generator 52, raising the temperature of the steam generator 52 and generating steam. The steam can then flow from the steam channel to the reactor 20 and the return assembly 30. Furthermore, after the liquid in the hot medium channel of the steam generator 52 heats the steam generator 52, the liquid in the hot medium channel of the steam flows to the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51, where it is reheated by the high-temperature gas in the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51. That is, by setting up the heat exchanger 51 and the steam generator 52, the heat of the high-temperature gas flowing out of the gas-solid separator 40 can be utilized, avoiding the waste of this heat. Moreover, the steam generator 52 can ensure that the steam flows to the reactor 20 and the return material assembly 30, thereby increasing the contact time between the carbonization raw materials and the steam, and improving the quality of the produced activated carbon.

[0055] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the gas-solid separator 40 can be a cyclone separator.

[0056] In some embodiments, the reactor 20 has a carbonization reaction generating section 21 and an activation reaction generating section 22 connected together; the steam passage of the steam generator 52 is connected to the carbonization reaction generating section 21 and the activation reaction generating section 22 respectively; wherein the feed port and the solid outlet are both located in the carbonization reaction generating section 21, and the gas outlet and the return material inlet are both located in the activation reaction generating section 22.

[0057] Since the steam passage of the steam generator 52 is connected to the carbonization reaction generating section 21 and the activation reaction generating section 22 respectively, the steam flowing out of the steam passage of the steam generator 52 can flow to the carbonization reaction generating section 21 and the activation reaction generating section 22. The carbonization raw material in the activation reaction section can fully contact the steam, and the steam flowing out of the steam passage flows to the return material assembly 30, so that the solid in the return material assembly 30 will also contact the steam. The solid in the return material assembly 30 enters the activation reaction generating section 22 through the return material inlet, so that the solid in the activation reaction generating section 22 can fully contact the steam.

[0058] It should be noted that the activation reaction generating section 22 can be located above the carbonization reaction generating section 21. Furthermore, in this embodiment, water vapor flowing from the steam passage of the steam generator 52 flows to the carbonization reaction generating section 21, the activation reaction generating section 22, and the return material assembly 30.

[0059] In addition, the feed port and solid outlet are both located in the carbonization reaction generating section 21, and the gas outlet and return material inlet are both located in the activation reaction generating section 22. This means that the feeding assembly 10 adds the carbonization raw material to the carbonization reaction generating section 21 through the feed port, and the activated carbon generated in the reactor 20 flows out from the carbonization reaction generating section 21. An activation reaction occurs in the activation reaction generating section 22, and the activation reaction generating section 22 discharges high-temperature gas through the gas outlet. The return material assembly 30 transfers the returned solid to the activation reaction generating section 22 through the return material inlet.

[0060] In addition, in some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may also include a dust removal component 60; the heat medium channel outlet of the steam heat exchange component 50 is connected to the dust removal inlet of the dust removal component 60, the dust removal component 60 is used to remove dust from the flue gas entering the dust removal component 60, and the dust removal component 60 has a discharge outlet for discharging the initial activated carbon.

[0061] Because the outlet of the heat medium channel of the steam heat exchanger 50 is connected to the dust removal inlet of the dust removal assembly 60, the gas flowing out of the outlet of the heat medium channel of the steam heat exchanger 50 will enter the dust removal assembly 60. The gas flowing into the steam heat exchanger 50 is essentially from the reactor 20, meaning it carries solid particles. Even after passing through the gas-solid separator 40, a small amount of solid particles remain in the gas, resulting in a small amount of solid particles in the gas entering and exiting the steam heat exchanger 50. Once this gas reaches the dust removal assembly 60, the dust removal assembly 60 will remove dust from the gas. The solid particles in the gas entering the dust removal assembly 60 are essentially fine, newly generated activated carbon particles. After dust removal by the dust removal assembly 60, the newly generated activated carbon can be discharged from the outlet of the dust removal assembly 60. That is, by using the dust removal component 60, primary live carbon can be collected not only at the solid outlet of the reactor 20 and at the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator 40, but also at the discharge outlet of the dust removal component 60. This increases the number of locations for collecting primary live carbon, allowing for the collection of more primary live carbon and preventing the generated primary live carbon from being wasted.

[0062] It should be noted that when the steam heat exchange assembly 50 includes a heat exchanger 51 and a steam generator, the outlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 is connected to the dust removal inlet of the dust removal assembly 60.

[0063] In addition, in this embodiment, the particle size of the initial activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor 20 is larger than the particle size of the initial activated carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40, and the particle size of the initial activated carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is larger than the particle size of the initial activated carbon discharged from the outlet of the dust removal assembly 60.

[0064] In some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may also include a first water-cooled spiral 70; the first water-cooled spiral 70 is located at the discharge outlet of the dust removal component 60, and is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet. By providing the first water-cooled spiral 70, the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the dust removal component 60 at a relatively high temperature is cooled by the first water-cooled spiral 70, thereby facilitating the collection of the nascent activated carbon at that location and avoiding the problem that the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the dust removal component 60 is too hot to collect.

[0065] In some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may also include a hot air assembly 80; the hot air assembly 80 is connected to the reactor 20 and is used to inject high-temperature flue gas into the reactor 20. By setting up the hot air assembly 80, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air assembly 80 can enter the reactor 20, thereby facilitating the reaction of the carbonized raw materials in the reactor 20 to generate activated carbon.

[0066] It should be noted that when the reactor 20 includes a carbonization reaction generating section 21 and an activation reaction generating section 22, the hot air assembly 80 is connected to the carbonization reaction generating section 21, so that the hot air assembly 80 injects high-temperature flue gas into the carbonization reaction generating section 21, so that the carbonization raw materials in the carbonization reaction generating section 21 can be carbonized.

[0067] In addition, in this embodiment of the application, when the biomass activated carbon preparation system includes a dust removal component 60, the gas outlet of the dust removal component 60 can be connected to the hot air component 80, so that the gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the dust removal component 60 can enter the hot air component 80. The hot air component 80 can burn the gas to generate high-temperature flue gas, and can also realize energy recycling. That is, the fuel of the hot air component 80 can be the gas flowing out of the reactor 20. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air component 80 can enter the reactor 20, so that the carbonized raw materials in the reactor 20 react to generate high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas flowing out of the reactor 20 enters the hot air component 80 again through the gas-solid separator 40, the dust removal component 60, etc.

[0068] In addition, in this embodiment, the hot air assembly 80 can be a hot air furnace, so that the hot air furnace can deliver high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide, which can be used as an activation gas to improve the activation reaction efficiency.

[0069] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may also include a mixer 120; the steam channel of the steam generator 52 and the hot air component 80 are both connected to the mixer 120, the mixer 120 is connected to the reactor 20, the mixer 20 is used to mix the steam transmitted by the steam generator 52, the high-temperature flue gas transmitted by the hot air component 80 and the air to obtain a mixed gas, and transmit the mixed gas to the reactor 20.

[0070] By setting up a mixer 120, the steam generator 52 and the hot air assembly 80 are effectively connected to the reactor 20. The steam generated by the steam generator 52 and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air assembly 80 are both transferred to the mixer 120. The mixer 120 mixes the steam, high-temperature flue gas, and air to form a mixed gas containing air (i.e., flue gas). This mixed gas, after being transferred to the reactor, acts as an activator. Compared to using only steam as an activator, the mixer 120 introduces oxygen. The oxygen, after being transferred to the reactor, promotes partial oxidation reactions and helps form pores in the activated carbon, thereby improving activation efficiency and effect. In other words, by setting up the mixer 120, the mixed gas is injected into the reactor 20, which helps improve the activation efficiency and effect in the reactor 20 and enhances the quality of the generated activated carbon.

[0071] In some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may also include a second water-cooled spiral 90. The second water-cooled spiral 90 is located at the solid outlet of the reactor 20 and is used to cool the initial activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor 20. By providing the second water-cooled spiral 90, the high-temperature initial activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor 20 is cooled by the second water-cooled spiral 90, thereby facilitating the collection of the initial activated carbon at that location and avoiding the problem of the high temperature of the initial activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor 20 making collection difficult.

[0072] In some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may also include a third water-cooled spiral 100; the third water-cooled spiral 100 is located at the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40, and is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40. By setting the third water-cooled spiral 100, the nascent activated carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 at a higher temperature is cooled by the third water-cooled spiral 100, thereby facilitating the collection of the nascent activated carbon at that location and avoiding the problem that the nascent activated carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is too hot to be easily collected.

[0073] In addition, in some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a silo 110; the silo 110 is used to store carbonaceous raw materials, and the outlet of the silo 110 faces the feeding assembly 10.

[0074] Since the outlet of the silo 110 faces the feeding assembly 10, the carbonaceous raw material stored in the silo 110 can be transferred to the feeding assembly 10 through the outlet, allowing the feeding assembly 10 to transfer the carbonaceous raw material to the reactor 20. Furthermore, by providing the silo 110, it is convenient to store the carbonaceous raw material; in effect, the silo 110 provides storage space for the carbonaceous raw material and facilitates its transfer to the feeding assembly 10.

[0075] It should be noted that the outlet of the silo 110 can be located above the feeding assembly 10, so that the carbonaceous raw material flowing out of the outlet of the silo 110 can flow directly to the feeding assembly 10, so that the feeding assembly 10 can transfer the carbonaceous raw material to the reactor 20.

[0076] In addition, in the embodiments of this application, the carbonaceous raw materials may include coal and biomass; biomass includes straw, plant debris, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit shells, vines or branches; wherein the particle size of the carbonaceous raw materials ranges from 10 mm to 50 mm.

[0077] The following is combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 The use of the biomass activated carbon preparation system provided in the embodiments of this application will be described as follows:

[0078] When it is necessary to generate primary activated carbon through the biomass activated carbon preparation system, carbonaceous raw materials can first be added to the carbonization reaction generating section 21 of the reactor 20 through the feeding component 10. High-temperature flue gas is injected into the carbonization reaction generating section 21 through the hot air component 80, and steam is injected into the carbonization reaction generating section 21 through the steam generator 52. The temperature of both the high-temperature flue gas and the steam can be 1000℃. In addition, steam is injected into the activation reaction generating section 22 and the return material component 30 through the steam generator 52, so that the solids in the return material component 30 and the solids in the activation reaction generating section 22 are in full contact with the steam. This allows the biomass activated carbon preparation system to generate activated carbon. Primary activated carbon is collected at the solid outlet of the reactor 20, at the outlet of the gas-solid separator 40, and at the outlet of the dust removal component 60.

[0079] In addition, such as Figure 3As shown, when the activated carbon preparation system includes a mixer 120, the steam generated by the steam generator 52 and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air assembly 80 are both transferred to the mixer 120. The mixer 120 mixes the steam, the high-temperature flue gas and the air to form a mixed gas, and then transfers the mixed gas to the reactor 20.

[0080] This application provides a method for preparing biomass activated carbon, applicable to the biomass activated carbon preparation system in any of the above embodiments, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the method for preparing biomass activated carbon includes:

[0081] Step 301: Add carbonaceous raw materials to the reactor.

[0082] Carbonaceous raw materials can be added to the reactor via a feeding assembly. The particle size of the carbonaceous raw materials can range from 10 mm to 50 mm. The carbonaceous raw materials can include coal and biomass; biomass includes straw, plant debris, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit shells, vines, or branches.

[0083] It should be noted that when adding carbonaceous raw materials to the reactor, the feed amount can be 5 tons each time, with a feed interval of 90 minutes. That is, each time 5 tons of carbonaceous raw materials are added to the reactor, another 5 tons are fed after a 90-minute interval.

[0084] Step 302: Steam is introduced into the reactor and the return material assembly through the steam heat exchanger, and high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the reactor to make the carbonaceous raw materials react in the reactor.

[0085] High-temperature flue gas can be introduced into the reactor through a hot air assembly, and steam can be introduced into the reactor through a steam generator. The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas can range from 850℃ to 1200℃, the pressure of the steam can range from 0.2MPa to 0.7MPa, and the volume ratio of high-temperature flue gas to steam can range from 1:0.8 to 1:3.

[0086] Specifically, the pressure of the water vapor in the carbonization reaction section can be in the range of 0.3MPa-0.7MPa, and the pressure of the water vapor introduced into the activation reaction section can be in the range of 0.2MPa-0.6MPa.

[0087] In addition, in some implementations, the biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a mixer. Step 302 can be implemented by: introducing water vapor into the mixer through a steam heat exchange component and introducing high-temperature flue gas into the mixer through a hot air component, so that the mixer mixes the water vapor, high-temperature flue gas and air to obtain a mixed gas; and transferring the mixed gas to the reactor and the return component through the mixer.

[0088] The temperature range of the mixed gas formed by the mixer can be from 800℃ to 1000℃. Once the mixed gas enters the reactor, it acts as an activating gas, causing the substances in the reactor to undergo fluidization and activation. The fluidization process ensures that the carbonaceous raw material particles are heated evenly, and the activation reaction causes a large number of micropores to form on the surface of the carbonaceous raw material, thereby obtaining activated carbon products with high specific surface area.

[0089] It should be noted that the temperature of the mixed gas can be any value between 800℃ and 1000℃. For example, the temperature of the mixed gas is 800℃, 850℃, 900℃, or 1000℃.

[0090] It should also be noted that when water vapor, high-temperature flue gas and air are mixed in a mixer to form a mixed gas, the air can be 5% of the mixed gas, that is, air accounts for 5% of the mixed gas, and water vapor and high-temperature flue gas account for 95%.

[0091] In some implementations, after the mixed gas is transferred to the reactor and the return assembly via a mixer, the activation reaction in the reactor is carried out for 90 to 120 minutes. That is, after the mixed gas is injected into the reactor, the initial active char is collected 90 to 120 minutes later.

[0092] Step 303: Collect the initial live carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor and the initial live carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator.

[0093] This system can collect both the initial activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor and the initial activated carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator. Additionally, in some implementations, the initial activated carbon can also be collected at the outlet of the dust collection assembly.

[0094] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0095] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass activated carbon preparation system, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system includes: a feeding assembly, a reactor, a return assembly, a gas-solid separator, and a steam heat exchange assembly; The reactor has a feed port, a gas outlet, a return inlet, and a solid outlet. The feeding assembly is used to add carbonaceous raw materials to the feed port of the reactor. The gas-solid separator has a gas inlet, a return inlet, a discharge outlet, and a gas outlet. The gas inlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor. The return inlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the feed end of the return assembly. The discharge end of the return assembly is connected to the return inlet of the reactor. The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the steam heat exchange assembly. The steam heat exchange assembly is connected to both the reactor and the return assembly. The steam heat exchange assembly is used to introduce steam into both the reactor and the return assembly. The solid outlet of the reactor is used to discharge particulate primary activated carbon, and the discharge port of the gas-solid separator is used to discharge particulate primary activated carbon.

2. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchanger and a steam generator; The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to the inlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger, the heat medium channel of the steam generator is connected to the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger and forms a circulation, and the steam channel of the steam generator is connected to the reactor and the return material assembly respectively.

3. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reactor has a carbonization reaction generating section and an activation reaction generating section connected together; The steam channel of the steam generator is connected to both the carbonization reaction generating section and the activation reaction generating section. The feed port and the solid outlet are both located in the carbonization reaction generating section, and the gas outlet and the return material inlet are both located in the activation reaction generating section.

4. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a dust removal component; The heat medium channel outlet of the steam heat exchange component is connected to the dust removal inlet of the dust removal component. The dust removal component is used to remove dust from the flue gas entering the dust removal component. The dust removal component has a discharge outlet for discharging initial activated carbon.

5. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a first water-cooled spiral. The first water-cooled spiral is located at the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly, and the first water-cooled spiral is used to cool the initial activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet.

6. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a hot air assembly; The hot air assembly is connected to the reactor and is used to inject high-temperature flue gas into the reactor.

7. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a mixer; The steam passage of the steam generator and the hot air assembly are both connected to the mixer, which is connected to the reactor. The mixer is used to mix the steam delivered by the steam generator, the high-temperature flue gas delivered by the hot air assembly, and air to obtain a mixed gas, and then deliver the mixed gas to the reactor.

8. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a second water-cooled spiral. The second water-cooling spiral is located at the solid outlet of the reactor and is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reactor.

9. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a third water-cooled spiral. The third water-cooled spiral is located at the outlet of the gas-solid separator, and the third water-cooled spiral is used to cool the initial active carbon discharged from the outlet of the gas-solid separator.

10. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system also includes a silo; The hopper is used to store the carbonaceous raw material, and the outlet of the hopper faces the feeding assembly.

11. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The carbonaceous raw materials include coal and biomass; the biomass includes straw, plant debris, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit shells, vines or branches; The particle size of the carbonaceous raw material ranges from 10 mm to 50 mm.

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