Ultrasonic device for pectin treatment and pectin treatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ultrasonic device for pectin treatment and pectin treatment equipment. The device comprises a treatment tank, a guide plate and an ultrasonic vibration rod, the treatment tank is provided with a water inlet channel, a water outlet channel and a treatment cavity connected between the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel. The guide plate is fixed in the treatment tank, extends along the water flow direction and is used for dividing the water flow into multiple layers; and a plurality of holes are formed in the guide plate. The ultrasonic vibration rod is assembled in the treatment tank, penetrates through the flow guide plate through the opening, and is used for carrying out ultrasonic vibration on the pectin-containing wastewater flowing in the treatment cavity so as to treat pectin macromolecules in the pectin-containing wastewater into micromolecular structures. According to the ultrasonic device and the pectin treatment equipment, pectin macromolecules in wastewater can be subjected to in-situ treatment to form easily degradable micromolecular structures, the micromolecular structures can realize high-efficiency degradation through at least one of aerobic and anaerobic processes, the degradation efficiency of pectin is improved, and in-situ degradation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wastewater treatment equipment, and more particularly to an ultrasonic device and a pectin treatment equipment for pectin treatment. Background Technology

[0002] For some manufacturers of fruit juices, jams, jellies, canned fruits (such as citrus fruits), beet sugar, alcohol, coffee, textiles, and bioethanol processed from beets or citrus fruits, wastewater containing large amounts of pectin is generated during the production process. Because of the high pectin content in the wastewater, and because pectin makes the wastewater slightly acidic, fermentation produces fruit acids, lowering the pH value. Furthermore, the concentration of organic matter in pectin-containing wastewater is also high, making direct discharge unacceptable to environmental regulations. To meet environmental requirements, it is necessary to treat the pectin and organic matter in the wastewater to ensure that the effluent meets standards.

[0003] However, current methods for treating pectin-containing wastewater typically involve pH adjustment followed by coagulation in the pretreatment stage to solidify the pectin in the wastewater into larger solids. These solids are then separated during subsequent treatment. The remaining pectin-containing wastewater after removing the solids is then subjected to biological treatment. This results in the sludge from the separated pectin facing problems such as large accumulation, difficulty in degradation, and very low degradation efficiency (i.e., a long degradation time). Utility Model Content

[0004] To address, or at least partially address, the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this disclosure provide an ultrasonic device and a pectin treatment apparatus for pectin processing. This ultrasonic device and pectin treatment apparatus can process pectin macromolecules in pectin-containing wastewater in situ into easily degradable small molecular structures. These small molecular structures can be efficiently degraded through at least one aerobic or anaerobic process, thereby improving the overall degradation efficiency of pectin and achieving in-situ degradation.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an ultrasonic device for pectin treatment. The device includes a treatment tank, a guide plate, and an ultrasonic vibrating rod. The treatment tank has an inlet channel, an outlet channel, and a treatment cavity connecting the inlet channel and the outlet channel. The guide plate is fixed inside the treatment tank and extends along the water flow direction to divide the water flow into multiple layers; the guide plate has multiple openings. The ultrasonic vibrating rod is assembled in the treatment tank and passes through the guide plate via the openings. The ultrasonic vibrating rod is used to perform ultrasonic vibration on the pectin-containing wastewater flowing in the treatment cavity to treat the large pectin molecules in the wastewater into smaller molecular structures.

[0006] In some embodiments, the aperture of the above-mentioned opening satisfies the following dimensional settings:

[0007] d 孔 =(D 振动棒 +2A)×(1+α),

[0008] Where, d 孔 The parameter representing the diameter of the opening; D 振动棒 The outer diameter parameter of the ultrasonic vibrator located in the processing cavity is indicated; A represents the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrator; α represents the preset safety redundancy, in percentage form.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inner wall edge of the opening is rounded or chamfered.

[0010] In some embodiments, the openings are arranged in an array, and the array includes one or more of the following: rectangular array, elliptical array, circular array, hexagonal honeycomb array, and triangular array. The distance between the centers of adjacent openings is greater than or equal to β times the opening diameter parameter, where β takes a value of 1.5 to 3.

[0011] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first tank corresponding to the inlet channel and the diameter of the third tank corresponding to the outlet channel are both smaller than the diameter of the second tank corresponding to the treatment chamber. A first sloping wall provides a transitional connection between the inlet channel and the treatment chamber, and a second sloping wall provides a transitional connection between the treatment chamber and the outlet channel. The total number of guide plates is K, where K is a positive integer. When K is odd, the guide plate in the middle of the sequence has a straight structure, and the inlet and outlet sections of the other guide plates are adapted to the tank body distribution shape of the treatment tank, ensuring balanced flow across the multiple layers of water flow space divided by the K guide plates. When K is even, the inlet and outlet sections of all guide plates are adapted to the tank body distribution shape of the treatment tank, ensuring balanced flow across the multiple layers of water flow space divided by the K guide plates.

[0012] In some embodiments, the guide plate is integrally fixed inside the processing tank; or, the guide plate is detachably fixed inside the processing tank. Wherein, in the case where the guide plate is detachably fixed to the processing tank, the ultrasonic device further includes: a connecting body, which is fixedly surrounding or fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing tank; a mounting portion for detachably fixedly connecting to one or more guide plates is provided at a predetermined position of the connecting body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic vibrating rods are arranged in an array, and the power distribution of each ultrasonic vibrating rod in the array gradually decreases along the direction of water flow.

[0014] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device further includes: a plurality of movable scraper mechanisms located in the receiving area between the bottommost guide plate and the bottom of the treatment tank and offset from the ultrasonic vibrating rod. Each movable scraper mechanism includes: a conveying mechanism, a scraper disposed on the conveying mechanism, and a driving mechanism for providing driving force to the conveying mechanism; in a moving state, the driving mechanism drives the conveying mechanism to move the scraper within the receiving area.

[0015] In some embodiments, the scraper includes a scraper body and a flexible cleaning element located below the scraper body.

[0016] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device further includes at least one of the following: a first pressure gauge is provided in the water inlet channel, a second pressure gauge is provided in the water outlet channel, and an exhaust mechanism is also provided on the treatment tank. The control valve of the exhaust mechanism is connected to both the first and second pressure gauges and is driven to open by the pressure difference; or, the bottom of the treatment tank is provided with a waste discharge port and a sealing member for sealing the waste discharge port.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a pectin treatment apparatus. The pectin treatment apparatus includes the aforementioned ultrasonic device. Pectin-containing wastewater is fed into the pectin treatment apparatus, where the ultrasonic device processes pectin macromolecules into smaller molecular structures without altering the chemical oxygen demand (COD).

[0018] In some embodiments, the pectin processing equipment further includes a bioconversion tank connected after the ultrasonic device, the bioconversion tank comprising one or a combination of the following: an anaerobic conversion tank and an aerobic conversion tank; the bioconversion tank is used to degrade the small molecular structure of pectin and reduce the concentration of organic matter.

[0019] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device has a first operating mode or a second operating mode. In the first operating mode, pectin-containing wastewater is input into the ultrasonic device, and the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on. Based on ultrasonic vibration, the large pectin molecules in the pectin-containing wastewater are processed into smaller molecular structures. In the second operating mode, pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria are added to the pectin-containing wastewater in the treatment chamber. In the first treatment stage, the ultrasonic vibrator is turned off, and the pectin is converted by the pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria for a preset time to obtain pectin with a smaller molecular structure. Then, in the second treatment stage, the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on, and the small molecular structure of pectin in the pectin-containing wastewater is ultrasonically processed into a smaller molecular structure that is easier to degrade based on ultrasonic vibration. The pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria are a mixed bacterial community capable of simultaneously degrading pectin and cellulose. The conversion process is used to change the pectin structure without affecting the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the pectin-containing wastewater.

[0020] The technical solutions provided in some embodiments of this disclosure have at least some or all of the following advantages:

[0021] In the aforementioned ultrasonic device and pectin treatment equipment, by setting a guide plate inside the treatment tank and assembling the ultrasonic vibrator and the guide plate through openings, the flow of wastewater during ultrasonic treatment is restricted to the interval formed by adjacent guide plates or the interval formed by the guide plate and the inner wall of the treatment tank. This ensures that the wastewater is in a laminar flow state during ultrasonic treatment, and the pectin in the wastewater gradually moves with the direction of the flow and is stably degraded under the action of ultrasound. This avoids the problem of uneven pectin distribution and uneven degradation caused by directly inputting wastewater into the treatment tank for ultrasonic treatment, which results in unstable degradation. At the same time, by setting the guide plate, the energy space generated by the vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator can be controlled and relatively uniformly divided into multiple local areas, and the pectin in the laminar flow wastewater can be degraded in local areas, resulting in better degradation stability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] All the following figures are schematic diagrams drawn from different perspectives based on the same three-dimensional coordinate system xyz.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic device for pectin treatment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in cross-section along the longitudinal axis of the water flow direction.

[0026] Figure 2 A top view of the guide vane in an ultrasonic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of the connection between the guide plate and the treatment tank in an ultrasonic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 3B A schematic diagram of the connection between the guide plate and the treatment tank in an ultrasonic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 4 An embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3A A schematic diagram showing the assembly relationship between the connecting body and the guide plate in the part circled by the dashed rectangle.

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic device for pectin treatment according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in cross-section along the longitudinal axis of the water flow direction.

[0031] Figure 6 A top-view schematic diagram showing the positional distribution between the movable scraper mechanism and the ultrasonic vibrator rod according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 7 An embodiment according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the movable scraper mechanism as seen from the perspective of the section cut between A1 and A2.

[0033] Figure 8 A top-view schematic diagram of an ultrasonic device for pectin treatment according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0034] Figure 9 A structural block diagram and a schematic diagram of the processing procedure of a pectin processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1-Ultrasonic device;

[0037] 11-Processing tank;

[0038] 111-Water inlet channel; 112-Treatment chamber;

[0039] 113 - Water outlet channel;

[0040] 1141 - First slope wall; 1142 - Second slope wall;

[0041] 115 - Connecting main body;

[0042] 1151 - Main body; 1152 - Assembly section;

[0043] 12-Ultrasonic vibrating rod;

[0044] 13-Blower plate;

[0045] 131 - Diversion Inlet Section;

[0046] 1311 - Straight section at the entrance; 1312 - Sloping section at the entrance;

[0047] 132 - Straight section for guiding flow;

[0048] 133 - Diversion outlet section;

[0049] 1331 - Straight section at the exit; 1332 - Sloping section at the exit;

[0050] 14-Mobile scraper mechanism;

[0051] 141-Drive structure; 142-Transmission mechanism;

[0052] 143 - Scraper;

[0053] 1431 - Scraper body; 1432 - Flexible cleaning component;

[0054] 15 - Exhaust mechanism;

[0055] 161 - First pressure gauge; 162 - Second pressure gauge;

[0056] 2-Bioconversion tank. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure. In the embodiments of this disclosure, different embodiments, different structural components, and structural layers can be combined to form new embodiments. The term " / " in the document indicates "or".

[0058] The first exemplary embodiment of this disclosure provides an ultrasonic device for pectin processing.

[0059] This ultrasonic device and pectin treatment equipment can treat pectin macromolecules in pectin-containing wastewater in situ into easily degradable small molecular structures without changing the chemical oxygen demand. The small molecular structure of pectin can be degraded efficiently through at least one aerobic or anaerobic process, thus improving the overall degradation efficiency of pectin and achieving in-situ degradation.

[0060] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic device for pectin treatment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in cross-section along the longitudinal axis of the water flow direction.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this disclosure, the ultrasonic device for pectin treatment includes: a treatment tank 11, a guide plate 13, and an ultrasonic vibrator 12. The treatment tank 11 has an inlet channel 111, an outlet channel 113, and a treatment cavity 112 connected between the inlet channel 111 and the outlet channel 113.

[0062] In some embodiments, the heights of the inlet channel 111 and the outlet channel 113 may be the same or different; the inner diameters of the inlet channel 111 and the outlet channel 113 may be the same or different. The corresponding dimensions and positions of the inlet channel 111, the treatment chamber 112, and the outlet channel 113 can be flexibly set according to actual flow rate and velocity requirements. In some embodiments, the wastewater flow rate and residence time during ultrasonic vibration can be limited by the ratio between the length, width, and height of the treatment chamber in the ultrasonic device, and the inner diameters of the inlet and outlet channels. For example, in some embodiments, by setting corresponding structural parameters, the flow rate of pectin-containing wastewater is set to 1 m / s, and the residence time is controlled to 2 seconds.

[0063] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the first tank corresponding to the water inlet channel 111 and the diameter of the third tank corresponding to the water outlet channel 113 are both smaller than the diameter of the second tank corresponding to the processing chamber 112. The water inlet channel 111 and the processing chamber 112 are connected by a first sloping wall 1141, and the processing chamber 112 and the water outlet channel 113 are connected by a second sloping wall 1142.

[0064] In this embodiment, by setting up sloping walls (including a first sloping wall and a second sloping wall), the water flow transition is made smooth and the loss of sharp corner wall hanging at the wastewater inlet and outlet is reduced. At the same time, the resistance of the sharp corner structure to the water flow and the impact of the sharp corner structure on the ultrasonic action in the treatment cavity and the durability of the structure are avoided. Specifically, from a fluid dynamics perspective, sharp corner structures disrupt fluid flow, generating turbulence and eddies, increasing flow resistance, and interfering with the propagation path of ultrasonic waves in the medium. Furthermore, sharp corner structures easily form flow separation zones, causing particles or bubbles to accumulate in the corners, reducing ultrasonic processing efficiency. From an ultrasonic processing perspective, sharp corner structures cause irregular scattering and multiple reflections of ultrasonic waves, reducing energy transmission efficiency; some energy may be reflected back to the ultrasonic source, forming standing waves or interfering with the original sound field distribution. Simultaneously, geometrical abrupt changes at sharp corner structures may induce sound pressure concentration (similar to the "point effect"), leading to excessively high local energy density, causing material overheating or uncontrolled cavitation. Additionally, the high sound pressure gradient near sharp corner structures promotes the concentrated generation of cavitation bubbles, but the microjets and shock waves generated when these bubbles collapse may directly impact the sharp corners, causing surface erosion (cavitation). Moreover, the cavitation intensity in sharp corner regions is significantly higher than in other regions, potentially leading to uneven ultrasonic processing results. In terms of the lifespan of ultrasonic devices, sharp-angled structures are prone to becoming stress concentration points under the combined effects of mechanical vibration and sound pressure pulsation. Long-term use may lead to microcracks or even fracture, affecting the durability of the ultrasonic device. Therefore, by setting the first sloping wall 1141 and the second sloping wall 1142, the water flow transition is made smooth and the loss of water adhering to the sharp corners at the wastewater inlet and outlet is reduced. At the same time, the resistance of the sharp-angled structure to the water flow and the impact of the sharp-angled structure on the ultrasonic action in the treatment cavity and the structural durability are avoided.

[0065] Figure 2 A top view of the guide vane in an ultrasonic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the guide vane 13 includes: a guide inlet section 131, a guide outlet section 133, and a guide straight section 132 connecting the guide inlet section 131 and the guide outlet section 133.

[0067] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic vibrating rod 12 is assembled in the treatment tank 11 and passes through the guide plate 13 via the opening 1321. The ultrasonic vibrating rod 12 is used to perform ultrasonic vibration on the pectin-containing wastewater flowing in the treatment chamber 112, so as to process the pectin macromolecules in the pectin-containing wastewater into small molecular structures.

[0068] During the research and development, it was found that when conventional wastewater is directly input into the comparative ultrasonic equipment without a guide plate, it is in a turbulent state during ultrasonic treatment. This results in some pectin being treated more thoroughly by ultrasound, while some pectin may remain at the periphery and not be degraded into small molecular structures to a sufficient degree, leading to uneven degradation and unstable overall degradation effect. Therefore, in the embodiments of this disclosure, by setting a guide plate inside the treatment tank and assembling the ultrasonic vibrator and the guide plate through openings, the guide plate restricts the flow of wastewater during ultrasonic treatment to the interval formed by adjacent guide plates or the interval formed by the guide plate and the inner wall of the treatment tank. This ensures that the wastewater is in a laminar flow state during ultrasonic treatment, and the pectin in the wastewater gradually moves with the direction of the guide and is stably degraded under the action of ultrasound. This avoids the problem of uneven pectin distribution and uneven degradation caused by directly inputting wastewater into the treatment tank for ultrasonic treatment, which results in unstable degradation effect. At the same time, by setting the guide plate, the energy space generated by the ultrasonic vibrator can be controllably and relatively uniformly divided into multiple local areas, and the pectin in the laminar wastewater can be degraded in the local areas, resulting in better degradation stability.

[0069] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the total number of the aforementioned guide vanes 13 is K, where K is a positive integer. In the case where K is an odd number, for example in... Figure 1 The diagram illustrates three air deflectors, with the one in the middle of the sequence (e.g., [insert image here]). Figure 1 The second guide plate is a straight structure. The inlet section 131 and outlet section 133 of the other guide plates 13 (e.g., the first guide plate and the third guide plate) are adapted to the tank body distribution shape of the above-mentioned treatment tank 11, so that the flow rate of the multi-layer water flow space divided by the K guide plates is balanced.

[0070] When K is an even number, the inlet section 131 and outlet section 133 of all the guide vanes are adapted to the tank body distribution shape of the aforementioned treatment tank, so that the flow rate of the multiple layers of water flow space divided by the K guide vanes is balanced. For example, in this embodiment, three guide vanes divide the water flow space into four layers. By simulating the water flow rate and different guide vane placement positions in advance, the target guide vane placement position that makes the flow rate of the four layers of water flow space balanced can be determined.

[0071] In the above embodiments, the shape adaptation is reflected in the fact that both the inlet section 131 and the outlet section 133 include straight sections and sloping sections, for example, referring to... Figure 2 As shown, the inlet section 131 includes an inlet straight section 1311 and an inlet ramp section 1312; the outlet section 133 includes an outlet straight section 1331 and an outlet ramp section 1332.

[0072] In some embodiments, the aforementioned guide plate 13 is made of some known high-rigidity materials such as stainless steel or titanium alloy, to avoid resonance and to have at least one property such as durability and corrosion resistance.

[0073] In some embodiments, the distribution and relative size relationship of the openings 1321 and the ultrasonic vibrating rod in the guide plate 13 are also optimized.

[0074] The aforementioned opening 1321 is formed on the straight section 132 of each guide plate 13, and the positions of the openings in the multiple guide plates 13 are aligned in the vertical direction (along the z-axis) to ensure that the ultrasonic vibrating rod 12 can pass through.

[0075] In some embodiments, the openings 1321 are arranged in an array, and the array includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: rectangular array, elliptical array, circular array, hexagonal honeycomb array, and triangular array. Figure 2 The diagram uses a 3×3 rectangular array. In some embodiments, an alternating arrangement (e.g., a hexagonal honeycomb array) can improve structural strength and optimize fluid distribution.

[0076] In some embodiments, the spacing between the centers of adjacent openings is set to be greater than or equal to β times the opening diameter parameter, where β is 1.5 to 3, which can balance flow efficiency and structural strength.

[0077] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 As shown by the gap in the middle, the aperture size of the opening 1321 is larger than the aperture size of the ultrasonic vibrating rod 12.

[0078] For example, the diameter of the opening 1321 described above meets the following dimensional settings:

[0079] d 孔 =(D 振动棒 +2A)×(1+α), (1)

[0080] Where, d 孔 This indicates the diameter parameter of hole 1321; D 振动棒 The parameter represents the outer diameter of the ultrasonic vibrator 12 located within the processing cavity 112; A represents the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrator 12; α represents the preset safety redundancy, expressed as a percentage. For example, the preset safety redundancy can be any value between 5% and 20%. Based on this dimensional setting, it is possible to ensure that the opening provides sufficient space for the ultrasonic vibrator 12 to vibrate, while also allowing for a safety redundancy, thereby improving the overall reliability of the ultrasonic device.

[0081] In some embodiments, the inner wall edge of the opening 1321 is rounded or chamfered, which can reduce flow resistance and wall adhesion in the opening. In this embodiment, the opening 1321 is a circular hole as an example, but the specific shape can be changed, such as a rounded rectangle, an ellipse, etc.

[0082] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of the connection between the guide plate and the treatment tank in an ultrasonic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3B A schematic diagram of the connection between the guide plate and the treatment tank in an ultrasonic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3A and Figure 3B This is a left-view view showing the internal connections and only illustrates the connection between the inner wall of the water inlet channel 111 of the treatment tank 11 and the straight inlet section 1311 of the baffle plate 13.

[0083] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, the aforementioned guide plate 13 is fixed inside the aforementioned treatment tank 11 and extends along the water flow direction to divide the water flow into multiple layers; the aforementioned guide plate 13 is provided with a plurality of openings 1321, for example in Figure 2 The example shows nine openings from a top-down view, arranged in a rectangular array.

[0084] In some embodiments, the baffle plate 13 is integrally fixed inside the processing tank 11. For example, the baffle plate 13 is integrally welded to the inner wall of the processing tank 11, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The view after removing the dashed line indicating the connecting body 115. The welded edge lines are the two sides of the guide plate, and the coordinates of the edge lines correspond to the two sides in the y-direction. The extension direction of the edge lines is along the x-axis; due to... Figure 1 From the perspective of [the angle], it is consistent with the extension direction of the guide vane 13, therefore in Figure 1 In the view, the edge line of the weld coincides with the extension line of the guide plate.

[0085] In other embodiments, the baffle plate 13 is detachably fixed inside the treatment tank 11. The ultrasonic device also includes a connecting body 115.

[0086] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3A As shown, the connecting body 115 is fixedly surrounded by the inner wall of the processing tank 11. Figure 3A The inner wall of the water inlet channel 111 overlaps with the connecting body 115 (the connecting body as a whole is in surface contact with the inner wall), as shown in the reference. Figure 3A The dashed circle in the diagram is shown.

[0087] Or, combine Figure 1 and Figure 3B As shown, the connecting body 115 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing tank 11. The fixed connection can be a polygon (it can be a regular polygon, an uneven polygon, or a polygon composed of curves, etc., not limited to...). Figure 3B (The illustrated shape is for limitation) It is connected to the inner wall of the processing tank using a multi-point contact fixing method, or indirectly connected and fixed to the inner wall of the processing tank through some intermediate connectors. In some embodiments, the preset position of the connecting body is optimized, for example, the two ends of the guide plate 13 (located at the corners of the inscribed polygon) are attached to the inner wall of the processing tank, for example... Figure 3B The diagram illustrates that the two ends of the second guide vane are attached to the inner wall of the treatment tank; or, the difference between the dimensional parameters of the two ends and the dimensional parameters of the corresponding connected inner wall of the treatment tank is less than a set threshold, for example... Figure 3B The diagram illustrates the dimensional parameters between the two ends (located on the sides of the inscribed polygon) of the first and third guide vanes and the inner wall of the corresponding treatment tank (corresponding to the y-direction).

[0088] Figure 4 An embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3A A schematic diagram showing the assembly relationship between the connecting body and the guide plate in the part circled by the dashed rectangle.

[0089] Combination Figure 3A and Figure 4 As shown, the connecting body 115 includes: a main body 1151 and an assembly part 1152 located at a preset position on the main body 1151, for example, the preset position is at the two diameter endpoints of the connecting body of the circular frame along the y-axis direction.

[0090] By arranging an assembly part 1152 for detachable fixed connection with one or more guide vanes 13 at a predetermined position on the connecting body 115, detachable assembly of the assembly part 1152 with the end (along the negative x-axis direction) of the inlet straight section 1311 in the guide vane 13 can be achieved. Figure 4 The assembly part is illustrated by a serrated groove. In other embodiments, other assembly structures that can achieve detachable fixing can be adopted. That is, the end detail structure of the straight section 1311 at the entrance and the assembly part 1152 can be detachable and can be adapted and adjusted according to actual needs.

[0091] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the ultrasonic vibrating rod 12 has high power and generates ultrasonic waves with high vibration energy, which can promote the breakdown of pectin macromolecular structures into smaller molecular structures.

[0092] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic vibrating rods 12 are arranged in an array, and the power distribution of each ultrasonic vibrating rod in the array gradually decreases along the direction of water flow. For example, the ultrasonic vibrating rod at the water inlet has a power of 25 Hz, the ultrasonic vibrating rod in the middle has a power of 20 Hz, and the ultrasonic vibrating rod at the outlet has a power of 15 Hz. Since the pectin concentration is high at the inlet, the high-power ultrasonic vibrating rods promote the full decomposition of pectin through high-energy vibration. At the outlet, most of the pectin has already become small molecular structures. The purpose of ultrasonic vibration at the outlet is to disperse the small molecular structures of pectin to prevent them from depositing at the bottom or from some of the pectin from sticking together again. Using lower-power ultrasonic treatment can achieve both dispersion and energy saving.

[0093] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic device for pectin treatment according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in cross-section along the longitudinal axis of the water flow direction. Figure 6 A top-view schematic diagram showing the positional distribution between the movable scraper mechanism and the ultrasonic vibrator rod according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7 An embodiment according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the movable scraper mechanism as seen from the perspective of the section cut between A1 and A2.

[0094] In some embodiments, combined with Figures 5-7 As shown, the ultrasonic device, in addition to including a processing tank 11, a guide plate 13, and an ultrasonic vibrating rod 12, also includes multiple movable scraper mechanisms 14. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the case where the baffle plate 13 is integrally fixed inside the aforementioned treatment tank 11.

[0095] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the aforementioned multiple movable scraper mechanisms 14 are located in the accommodating area between the bottommost guide plate 13 (e.g., the third guide plate from the top) and the bottom of the treatment tank 11, and are offset from the ultrasonic vibrator 12. Wherein, combined with Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the aforementioned movable scraper mechanism 14 includes: a conveying mechanism 142, a scraper 143 disposed on the conveying mechanism 142, and a drive mechanism 141 for providing driving force to the conveying mechanism 142. In the moving state, the drive mechanism 141 drives the conveying mechanism 142 to move the scraper 143 within the accommodating area, so that the scraper 143 cleans or scrapes off waste (e.g., cellulose) deposited at the bottom, or moves back and forth to promote the dispersion of some solid waste.

[0096] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7As shown, the scraper 143 includes a scraper body 1431 and a flexible cleaning member 1432 located below the scraper body 1431. For example, the flexible cleaning member 1432 includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: a brush, a rubber cleaning strip, a sponge, etc. In some embodiments, the scraper 143 is arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the movement direction of the scraper 143 is along the positive or negative direction of the water flow direction, for example in... Figure 6 The dashed arrows indicate one direction of scraper movement, and the gray-filled boxes indicate the initial position of the scraper movement. Figure 6 From a certain perspective, the scraper 143 is obscured below the conveying mechanism 142, so it is represented by a gray fill. A dashed gray fill box indicates the corresponding end position of the scraper's movement. In some embodiments, when the accommodating space is relatively ample, the scraper 143 can move a full circle with the conveying mechanism 142. In other embodiments, when the top accommodating space is small, the scraper 143 can move back and forth at the bottom with the conveying mechanism 142, that is, it only moves half a circle and then reverses its direction of movement after reaching the end position.

[0097] Figure 8 A top-view schematic diagram of an ultrasonic device for pectin treatment according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0098] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device further includes an exhaust mechanism 15.

[0099] For example, refer to Figure 8 As shown, a first pressure gauge 161 (located inside and obscured, hence indicated by a dashed circle) is installed in the water inlet channel 111, and a second pressure gauge 162 (located inside and obscured, hence indicated by a dashed circle) is installed in the water outlet channel 113. The treatment tank 11 is also equipped with an exhaust mechanism 15. The control valve of the exhaust mechanism 15 is connected to both the first pressure gauge 161 and the second pressure gauge 162 and is driven to open by the pressure difference. For example, the control valve is automatically opened when the pressure difference exceeds a certain set value and automatically closed when the pressure difference is less than a certain set value.

[0100] In some application scenarios, some pectin-containing wastewater may generate some gas during the process of being fed into the ultrasonic device for treatment. The aforementioned exhaust mechanism 15 can deal with this situation and exhaust the gas in time to avoid the adverse effects caused by excessive gas pressure in the treatment tank.

[0101] In some embodiments, the bottom of the treatment tank 11 is further provided with a waste discharge port and a sealing member for sealing the waste discharge port. For example, by opening the sealing member, the waste cleaned or scraped by the movable scraper mechanism 14 is discharged from the treatment chamber through the waste discharge port. Logic can be set for periodic waste discharge or waste removal after the movable scraper mechanism has moved a preset number of times. When waste discharge is not required, the treatment chamber is sealed based on the sealing member.

[0102] In summary, the ultrasonic device provided in this embodiment, by setting a guide plate inside the treatment tank and assembling the ultrasonic vibrator and the guide plate through openings, restricts the flow of wastewater during ultrasonic treatment to the intervals formed by adjacent guide plates or the intervals formed by the guide plate and the inner wall of the treatment tank. This ensures that the wastewater is in a laminar flow state during ultrasonic treatment, and the pectin in the wastewater gradually moves with the direction of the guide and is stably degraded under the action of ultrasound. This avoids the problem of uneven pectin distribution and uneven degradation caused by directly inputting wastewater into the treatment tank for ultrasonic treatment, which results in unstable degradation. At the same time, by setting the guide plate, the energy space generated by the vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator can be controllably and relatively uniformly divided into multiple local areas, and the pectin in the laminar flow wastewater can be degraded in local areas, resulting in good degradation stability.

[0103] A second exemplary embodiment of this disclosure provides a pectin processing apparatus.

[0104] Figure 9 A structural block diagram and a schematic diagram of the processing procedure of a pectin processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown.

[0105] Reference Figure 9 As shown in the solid box, the pectin treatment equipment includes an ultrasonic device 1, which may be the ultrasonic device described in the first embodiment. Pectin-containing wastewater is fed into the aforementioned pectin treatment equipment, where the ultrasonic device 1 processes the pectin macromolecules into smaller molecular structures without altering the chemical oxygen demand (COD).

[0106] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 9 As shown in the dashed box, the pectin processing equipment further includes a bioconversion tank 2 connected to the ultrasonic device 1. The bioconversion tank 2 includes one or a combination of the following: an anaerobic conversion tank and an aerobic conversion tank. The bioconversion tank 2 is used to degrade the small molecular structure of pectin and reduce the concentration of organic matter.

[0107] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device has a first operating mode or a second operating mode. In the first operating mode, pectin-containing wastewater is input into the ultrasonic device, and the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on. Based on ultrasonic vibration, the large pectin molecules in the pectin-containing wastewater are processed into smaller molecular structures. In the second operating mode, pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria are added to the pectin-containing wastewater in the treatment chamber. In the first treatment stage, the ultrasonic vibrator is turned off, and the pectin is converted by the pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria for a preset time to obtain pectin with a smaller molecular structure. Then, in the second treatment stage, the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on, and the small molecular structure of pectin in the pectin-containing wastewater is ultrasonically processed into a smaller molecular structure that is easier to degrade based on ultrasonic vibration. The pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria are a mixed bacterial community capable of simultaneously degrading pectin and cellulose. The conversion process is used to change the pectin structure without affecting the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the pectin-containing wastewater.

[0108] In some application scenarios, such as in the first working mode, the ultrasonic action of the ultrasonic device 1 can break down the large-molecule pectin in pectin-containing wastewater (which is high-concentration pectin wastewater, for example, with a pectin concentration of 1000 mg / L to 3000 mg / L) into small-molecule pectin.

[0109] In other application scenarios, such as in the second working mode, in addition to inputting pectin-containing wastewater, the ultrasonic device 1 also contains pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria. First, the pectin is converted and processed in the ultrasonic device 1 by the pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria to obtain pectin with a small molecular structure. Then, the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on, and the ultrasonic action of the ultrasonic vibrator enhances the degree of disintegration of the pectin macromolecules, resulting in pectin with a smaller molecular structure that is easier to degrade.

[0110] In summary, the pectin treatment equipment provided in this embodiment, by setting a guide plate inside the treatment tank and assembling the ultrasonic vibrator and the guide plate through openings, restricts the wastewater flow during ultrasonic treatment to the intervals formed by adjacent guide plates or the intervals formed by the guide plate and the inner wall of the treatment tank. This ensures that the wastewater is in a laminar flow state during ultrasonic treatment, and the pectin in the wastewater gradually moves with the direction of the guide flow and is stably degraded under the action of ultrasound. This avoids the problem of uneven pectin distribution and unstable degradation caused by directly inputting wastewater into the treatment tank for ultrasonic treatment, which results in an uneven degradation effect. At the same time, by setting the guide plate, the energy space generated by the ultrasonic vibrator can be controllably and relatively uniformly divided into multiple local areas, and the pectin in the laminar flow wastewater can be degraded in local areas, resulting in good degradation stability. In addition, the ultrasonic device has a first working mode and a second working mode, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual treatment time requirements and treatment costs.

[0111] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. In the accompanying drawings or description, similar or identical parts are referred to by the same reference numerals. Implementations not illustrated or described in the drawings are those known to those skilled in the art. Moreover, the above definitions of elements are not limited to the various specific forms mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily modify or substitute them. Additionally, while this article provides examples of parameters with specific values, it should be understood that the parameters need not be exactly equal to the corresponding values, but can approximate the corresponding values ​​within acceptable error tolerances or design constraints.

[0112] To achieve a clean and concise presentation, some commonly used structures and components may be depicted in simplified schematic diagrams in the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, some features in the accompanying drawings may be slightly enlarged or their scale or dimensions altered to facilitate understanding and viewing of the technical features of this disclosure, but this is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. The actual dimensions and specifications of products manufactured in accordance with the contents disclosed herein may be adjusted based on production needs, the characteristics of the product itself, and the content disclosed below.

[0113] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic device for pectin treatment, characterized in that, include: Processing tank (11), baffle plate (13) and ultrasonic vibrator (12); The processing tank (11) has an inlet channel (111), an outlet channel (113), and a processing chamber (112) connected between the inlet channel (111) and the outlet channel (113); The guide plate (13) is fixed inside the treatment tank (11) and extends along the water flow direction to divide the water flow into multiple layers; the guide plate (13) is provided with multiple openings (1321); The ultrasonic vibrating rod (12) is assembled in the treatment tank (11) and passes through the guide plate (13) through the opening (1321). The ultrasonic vibrating rod (12) is used to perform ultrasonic vibration on the pectin-containing wastewater flowing in the treatment chamber (112) to process the pectin macromolecules in the pectin-containing wastewater into small molecular structures.

2. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the opening (1321) meets the following size requirements: d 孔 =(D 振动棒 +2A)×(1+α), Where, d 孔 The parameter representing the diameter of the opening (1321); D 振动棒 The outer diameter parameter of the ultrasonic vibrating rod (12) located in the processing cavity (112) is indicated; A represents the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrating rod (12); α represents the preset safety redundancy, in percentage form.

3. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall edge of the opening (1321) is rounded or chamfered.

4. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The openings (1321) are arranged in an array, and the array includes one or more of the following: Rectangular array, elliptical array, circular array, hexagonal honeycomb array, triangular array; Among them, the distance between the centers of adjacent openings is greater than or equal to β times the opening diameter parameter, where β is 1.5 to 3.

5. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first tank corresponding to the water inlet channel (111) and the diameter of the third tank corresponding to the water outlet channel (113) are both smaller than the diameter of the second tank corresponding to the treatment chamber (112). The water inlet channel (111) and the treatment chamber (112) are connected by a first sloping wall (1141), and the treatment chamber (112) and the water outlet channel (113) are connected by a second sloping wall (1142). The total number of the guide vanes (13) is K, where K is a positive integer; When K is an odd number, the middle guide plate is a straight structure, and the inlet section (131) and outlet section (133) of the other guide plates (13) are adapted to the tank body distribution shape of the treatment tank, so that the multi-layer water flow space divided by the K guide plates corresponds to the flow rate balance. When K is an even number, the inlet section (131) and outlet section (133) of all the guide plates are adapted to the tank body distribution shape of the treatment tank, so that the multi-layer water flow space divided by the K guide plates corresponds to the flow rate balance.

6. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate (13) is integrally fixed inside the processing tank (11); or, The guide plate (13) is detachably fixed inside the processing tank (11); In the case where the guide plate is detachably fixed to the treatment tank, the ultrasonic device further includes: A connecting body (115) is fixedly surrounding the inner wall of the processing tank (11) or fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing tank (11); the connecting body (115) is provided with an assembly part (1152) at a preset position for detachably and fixedly connected to one or more guide plates (13).

7. The ultrasonic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic vibrating rods (12) are arranged in an array, and the power distribution of each ultrasonic vibrating rod in the array of ultrasonic vibrating rods (12) along the direction of water flow shows a trend of gradually decreasing power.

8. The ultrasonic device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple movable scraper mechanisms (14) are located in the accommodating area between the bottommost guide plate (13) and the bottom of the treatment tank (11) and are offset from the ultrasonic vibrating rod (12); The movable scraper mechanism (14) includes: a conveying mechanism (142), a scraper (143) disposed on the conveying mechanism (142), and a driving mechanism (141) for providing driving force to the conveying mechanism (142); in the moving state, the driving mechanism (141) drives the conveying mechanism (142) to move the scraper (143) within the accommodating area.

9. The ultrasonic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The scraper (143) includes: a scraper body (1431) and a flexible cleaning element (1432) located below the scraper body (1431).

10. The ultrasonic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes at least one of the following situations: A first pressure gauge (161) is installed in the water inlet channel (111), and a second pressure gauge (162) is installed in the water outlet channel (113). The treatment tank (11) is also equipped with an exhaust mechanism (15). The control valve of the exhaust mechanism (15) is connected to both the first pressure gauge (161) and the second pressure gauge (162), and its opening is driven by the pressure difference. Alternatively, The bottom of the treatment tank (11) is also provided with a waste discharge port and a sealing component for sealing the waste discharge port.

11. A pectin processing device, characterized in that, Includes the ultrasonic device according to any one of claims 1-10; Pectin-containing wastewater is fed into the pectin treatment equipment, where the pectin macromolecules are processed into smaller molecular structures in the ultrasonic device without changing the chemical oxygen demand.

12. The pectin processing equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that, Also includes: A bioconversion tank connected after the ultrasonic device, the bioconversion tank comprising one or a combination of the following: an anaerobic conversion tank and an aerobic conversion tank; the bioconversion tank is used to degrade the small molecular structure of pectin and reduce the concentration of organic matter.

13. The pectin processing equipment according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The ultrasonic device has a first working mode or a second working mode; In the first working mode, pectin-containing wastewater is input into the ultrasonic device, and the ultrasonic vibrating rod (12) is in the open state. Based on ultrasonic vibration, the pectin macromolecules in the pectin-containing wastewater are processed into small molecular structures. In the second working mode, pectin-containing wastewater is input into the ultrasonic device, and pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria are added to the pectin-containing wastewater in the treatment chamber (112); in the first treatment stage, the ultrasonic vibrator is in the off state, and the pectin is converted by the pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria for a preset time to obtain pectin with a small molecular structure; then in the second treatment stage, the ultrasonic vibrator is in the on state, and the small molecular structure of pectin in the pectin-containing wastewater is ultrasonically treated into a smaller molecular structure that is easier to degrade based on ultrasonic vibration; The pectin-cellulose degrading mixed bacteria are a mixed bacterial community capable of simultaneously degrading pectin and cellulose. The conversion treatment process is used to change the pectin structure without affecting the chemical oxygen demand of the pectin-containing wastewater.

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