Floating type wave dissipation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a floating type wave dissipating device which comprises a wave dissipating body and an anchoring assembly, when the wave dissipating body floats in water, the upper end of the wave dissipating body exceeds the water surface by 0.1-1 m, and the lower end of the wave dissipating body reaches the position larger than or equal to 1 / 3 of the water depth; one end of the anchoring assembly is connected with the wave dissipation body, and the other end of the anchoring assembly is anchored at the water bottom to suspend the wave dissipation body at a determined position in water; the wave dissipation body comprises a light material and a heavy material, the heavy material is in a continuous phase, and the light material is dispersed in the heavy material and is wrapped by the heavy material into a whole; or the light material is in a continuous phase, and the heavy material is uniformly dispersed in the light material and is wrapped into a whole by the light material; the light material and the heavy material enable the whole wave dissipation body to form a suspension body, and the average specific gravity of the suspension body is 0.7-0.9; the wave dissipation body is arranged in the length direction of the edge of the wave dissipation water body area, and the weight of the wave dissipation body per meter is larger than or equal to 50 kg. According to the utility model, the dissipation efficiency of wind wave energy can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aquatic ecological governance technology, specifically to a floating wave-damping device. Background Technology

[0002] The restoration of aquatic ecosystems requires the construction of aquatic plant communities, aquatic animal communities, and microbial communities, forming a three-way cycle of producers, consumers, and decomposers. Through continuous operation and maintenance, the aquatic ecosystem constructed during construction is gradually stabilized, restoring the original ecosystem of the water system. During the construction of aquatic ecosystems, wave impacts often cause submerged plants to lose their roots and float to the surface, resulting in plant waste, delaying the overall project progress, and increasing the difficulty of aquatic ecosystem construction. To reduce the harm caused by waves, wave-damping devices are needed to maintain the growth and rooting of submerged plants.

[0003] For example, CN210104667U relates to a deep-draft floating breakwater, which includes a pontoon body, wing plates, anchor chains, and anchor weights. It comprises a rectangular pontoon and a protrusion, both with hollow interiors. The wing plates are located on the upper part of the rectangular pontoon, symmetrically distributed on the wave-facing and wave-avoiding sides. The upper surface of the wing plates is flush with the upper surface of the rectangular pontoon and also with the horizontal plane. The anchor chain includes a pair of anchor ropes at an angle. The pontoon has an opening, allowing for the adjustment of its weight by filling and emptying water. This design primarily achieves a specific gravity by filling the hollow rectangular pontoon with water. The portion above the water surface is filled with air, resulting in a very low specific gravity, while the portion below the water surface has a higher specific gravity. Therefore, the wind energy dissipation efficiency of the portion above the water surface is low, and due to the significant difference in specific gravity between the upper and lower parts, the floating body cannot maintain stability during use, easily experiencing strong swaying or even capsizing, leading to a decrease in its efficiency in dissipating wind and wave energy. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a floating wave-damping device, which uses a solid material to make the wave-damping body, so that the wave-damping body has a relatively consistent and large specific gravity above and below the water surface, thereby improving the stability of the wave-damping body under the action of wind and waves in the water and improving the efficiency of dissipating wind and wave energy.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] This utility model provides a floating wave-damping device, which includes a wave-damping body and an anchoring component. When the wave-damping body floats in water, its upper end extends 0.1-1m above the water surface and its lower end reaches ≥1 / 3 of the water depth. One end of the anchoring component is connected to the wave-damping body, and the other end is anchored to the bottom of the water to suspend the wave-damping body at a certain position in the water.

[0008] The wave-damping body comprises lightweight and heavy materials. The heavy materials are in a continuous phase, and the lightweight materials are dispersed within and encapsulated by the heavy materials. Alternatively, the lightweight materials are in a continuous phase, and the heavy materials are uniformly dispersed within and encapsulated by the lightweight materials. The lightweight and heavy materials together form a suspended body, and the average specific gravity of the suspended body is 0.7-0.9. The wave-damping body is installed along the length of the edge of the wave-damping water area, and the weight of each meter of the wave-damping body is ≥50kg.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heavy material is cement or concrete, and the light material is one of air, plastic, EPS particles, perlite, and porous ceramics; the light material is dispersed in the heavy material and is encapsulated by the heavy material into a whole.

[0010] Preferably, when using cement or concrete, recycled waste cement or concrete is preferred.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the lightweight material is a polymer resin foam, and the heavy material is one of sand, soil, gravel, metal particles, and metal blocks; the heavy material is uniformly dispersed in the lightweight material and is encapsulated by the lightweight material into a single unit. Preferred foam materials include polystyrene (EPS), polyethylene (PE), or polyurethane (PU).

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the wave-damping body comprises an integrally formed foamed cement body with a specific gravity of 0.7-0.9, and a waterproof layer is wrapped around the outside of the foamed cement body. The foamed cement body can be prepared with a precise specific gravity by adjusting the type of foaming agent, aggregate ratio, water-cement ratio, etc., according to a preset specific gravity.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wave-damping body further includes a shell layer that encapsulates the lightweight and heavy materials internally. Preferably, the shell layer is waterproof. Since most of the lightweight materials are porous structures, especially foamed cement containing a large number of pores, the shell layer preferably has impermeability and corrosion resistance to prevent water absorption from affecting the actual specific gravity of the wave-damping body. Furthermore, water absorption into the wave-damping body can lead to the proliferation of algae, bacteria, moss, etc., which accelerate the aging and disintegration of the wave-damping body.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the overall design height of the wave-damping body is 0.5 to 5 meters.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shell layer is a rigid material or a flexible material, wherein the rigid material is PVC, HDPE or stainless steel; and the flexible material is PVC coated fabric or geotextile.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shell layer is a wrapping layer made of a waterproof material.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring component is located below the wave-dissipating body, and the anchoring component consists of two parts: a fixed pile and a connecting rope; the fixed pile is an anchor, an anchor pile, a pile, or a high-density counterweight (such as an iron block); the connecting rope is an iron chain, a steel wire rope, or a nylon rope.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the cross-section of the wave-damping body perpendicular to the length of the edge of the wave-damping water area is one of an ellipse, a circle, or a polygon. Preferably, the polygon is a convex polygon, such as one of a rectangle, trapezoid, triangle, hexagon, or octagon.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0020] The wave-damping body of this invention is made of lightweight and heavy materials to form a suspended body with a consistent and relatively large specific gravity above and below the water surface. The specific gravity is 0.7-0.9 and is evenly distributed throughout the entire wave-damping body. The weight of each meter of the wave-damping body is ≥50kg. This helps to reduce the problem of the floating body swinging violently in the wind due to uneven specific gravity distribution, thereby dissipating the energy of the waves more efficiently and improving the wave-damping efficiency.

[0021] Compared with the existing wave-damping suspension structure with water-filled airbags, the airbags rely on water flow impact, which can easily lead to deformation or even tearing of the airbags, and their drag coefficient against wind and waves is relatively low; while the wave-damping body of this utility model is not easily deformed, has a long fatigue life, and is more adaptable to extreme waves.

[0022] Compared with the existing metal cavity water-filled suspension structure, the water hammer effect inside the metal cavity leads to the risk of weld cracking, and the expansion of the shell due to water freezing causes deformation (volume expansion of 9%). In contrast, the wave-damping body of this utility model has better compressive strength and lower plastic deformation rate. The wave-damping body is seamlessly integrally molded (the integrity of the shell can be checked at intervals according to water quality), and has a longer service life.

[0023] Furthermore, the suspended structure formed by water-filled airbags and water-filled metal cavities will experience reverse oscillations in the water inside under the thrust of wind and waves (reducing the inertia of the wave-dissipating body), and the resonance effect of the cavity may even amplify the impact force of waves of specific wavelengths. The wave-dissipating device of this invention can solve this problem and improve the energy dissipation rate.

[0024] In this invention, the lightweight and heavy materials constituting the wave-damping body are preferably derived from the recycling of solid waste, further reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the preferred embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0027] Illustration and reference numerals:

[0028] 1-Wave damping body; 21-Lightweight material; 22-Heavyweight material; 3-Anchoring component; 31-Fixing pile; 32-Connecting rope. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a floating wave-damping device, which includes a wave-damping body 1 and an anchoring component 3. When the wave-damping body 1 floats in water, its upper end extends 0.1-1m above the water surface, and its lower end reaches ≥1 / 3 of the water depth. One end of the anchoring component 3 is connected to the wave-damping body 1, and the other end is anchored to the bottom of the water to suspend the wave-damping body at a certain position in the water.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the wave-damping body 1 comprises a lightweight material 21 and a heavy material 22. The heavy material 22 is a continuous phase, while the lightweight material 21 is in the form of particles or blocks, uniformly dispersed within and encapsulated by the heavy material 22. The lightweight material 21 and the heavy material 22 together form a suspended body, with an average specific gravity of 0.7-0.9. The wave-damping body 1 is positioned along the length of the edge of the wave-damping water area, and the weight per meter of the wave-damping body 1 is ≥50kg. The heavy material 22 is a gel material such as cement or concrete, while the lightweight material 21 is one of the following: air bubbles, plastic, EPS particles, perlite, and porous ceramics. The lightweight material 21 is dispersed within and encapsulated by the heavy material 22.

[0033] When preparing the wave-damping body 1, it can be prepared by integral casting in a mold. During the pouring of cement or concrete, lightweight plastics (such as EPS particles), perlite and porous ceramics are dispersed and filled into the uncured gel material while pouring. Finally, after curing, the wave-damping body 1 with the predetermined shape and design specific gravity is obtained.

[0034] The wave-damping body 1 also includes a shell layer 11, which encloses the integral structure formed by the lightweight material 21 and the heavy material 22. The shell layer 11 mainly protects the lightweight material 21 and the heavy material 22. The shell layer can be made of rigid or flexible materials. The rigid material is PVC, HDPE, or stainless steel; the flexible material is PVC-coated fabric or geotextile. Since the lightweight material 21 is mostly porous and has good water absorption, in order to ensure that the prepared wave-damping body has a stable shape and specific gravity, the shell layer 11 is preferably impermeable and corrosion-resistant to prevent water and harmful factors in the water from being absorbed by the lightweight material 21 and the heavy material 22 and affecting the actual specific gravity of the wave-damping body 1. Therefore, the shell layer 11 is preferably made of impermeable plastic or rubber. At the same time, water absorbed into the wave-damping body will also lead to the growth of algae, bacteria, moss, etc., which will accelerate the aging and disintegration of the wave-damping body. Therefore, using an impermeable and corrosion-resistant shell 11 is beneficial to extending the service life of the wave-damping body.

[0035] More preferably, the lightweight and heavy materials of the wave-damping body 1 are replaced by an integrally formed foamed cement body with a specific gravity of 0.7-0.9. The heavy material 22 of the foamed cement body is the continuous phase of cement or concrete, while the lightweight material 21 is the gas encapsulated in the pores of the foamed cement body. By selecting the type of foaming agent, adjusting the aggregate ratio, and adjusting the water-cement ratio according to a preset specific gravity, a foamed cement body with a precise specific gravity can be obtained. Since the interior of the wave-damping body 1 contains a large number of pores, which have strong water absorption, the shell layer 11 is preferably made of an impermeable material.

[0036] When the wave-dissipating body 1 floats in the water, its upper end extends 0.1-1m above the water surface, and its lower end reaches ≥1 / 3 of the water depth. Preferably, its height is designed to be 0.5-5 meters. The cross-section of the wave-dissipating body 1 perpendicular to the edge length of the wave-dissipating water area can be circular (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (As shown), it can also be one of the following shapes: ellipse, circle, rectangle, trapezoid, or triangle.

[0037] The anchoring component 3 is located below the wave-dissipating body 1 and consists of two parts: a fixed stake 31 and a connecting rope 32. The fixed stake 31 is an anchor, anchor pile, pile, or a high-density counterweight (such as an iron block); the connecting rope 32 is any flexible rope such as an iron chain, steel wire rope, or nylon rope. When using iron chains or steel wire ropes, stainless steel chains or steel wire ropes or chains or steel wire ropes with anti-corrosion coatings are preferred.

[0038] In this embodiment, the cement or concrete used as the heavy material 22 is a recycled product made from waste cement or waste concrete, in order to reduce the production cost of the wave-damping body.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the lightweight material is a continuous phase, and the heavy material is uniformly dispersed within the heavy material and encapsulated by the lightweight material. The lightweight material is a polymer resin foam, and the heavy material is one of sand, soil, gravel, metal particles, or metal blocks. The heavy material is uniformly dispersed within the lightweight material and encapsulated by it. Preferred foam materials include polystyrene (EPS), polyethylene (PE), or polyurethane (PU).

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The main difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that in this utility model, the heavy material 22 is a continuous phase, and the light material 21 is a particle or block, but the light material 21 is not uniformly dispersed in the heavy material 22 and is wrapped by the heavy material 22 into one piece.

[0043] In this embodiment, through gradient density design, the heavy material 22 near the surface of the wave-dissipating body is a high-density cement or concrete continuous phase, forming a cavity inside and filling it with a low-density lightweight material 21 (EPS particles, perlite, and porous ceramics, etc.). This structure achieves dual optimization of compressive strength and energy absorption, and the low-density lightweight material filling the cavity will not produce reverse oscillation and resonance effects under the action of wind and waves. The cement shell reflects part of the incident wave energy through its high stiffness characteristics, while converting the remaining kinetic energy into stress waves within the shell, which are then absorbed by the internal lightweight material.

[0044] This embodiment can also be configured as follows: the heavy material 22 is a high-density cement or concrete continuous phase, and the volume ratio of the particles / blocks of the lightweight material 21 dispersed and embedded in the heavy material 22 increases from the outside to the inside. This structure can greatly improve the stability and energy absorption efficiency of the wave-damping body in the water.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions, or combinations of technical features in the above embodiments that do not conflict with each other, can be made in accordance with the manner described in the embodiments. These modifications, substitutions or combinations do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating wave-damping device, characterized in that, It includes a wave-dissipating body and an anchoring assembly. When the wave-dissipating body floats in the water, its upper end extends 0.1-1m above the water surface and its lower end reaches ≥1 / 3 of the water depth. One end of the anchoring assembly is connected to the wave-dissipating body, and the other end is anchored to the bottom of the water to suspend the wave-dissipating body at a certain position in the water. The wave-damping body comprises lightweight and heavy materials. The heavy materials are in a continuous phase, and the lightweight materials are dispersed within and encapsulated by the heavy materials. Alternatively, the lightweight materials are in a continuous phase, and the heavy materials are uniformly dispersed within and encapsulated by the lightweight materials. The lightweight and heavy materials together form a suspended body, and the average specific gravity of the suspended body is 0.7-0.

9. The wave-damping body is installed along the length of the edge of the wave-damping water area, and the weight of each meter of the wave-damping body is ≥50kg.

2. The floating wave-damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy material is cement or concrete, and the light material is one of air, plastic, perlite, and closed-cell ceramics; the light material is dispersed in the heavy material and is encapsulated by the heavy material.

3. The floating wave-damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight material is a polymer resin foam, and the heavy material is one of sand, soil, gravel, metal particles, and metal blocks; the heavy material is uniformly dispersed in the lightweight material and is wrapped by the lightweight material into a whole.

4. The floating wave-damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-damping body comprises an integrally formed foamed cement body with a specific gravity of 0.7-0.9, and a waterproof layer is wrapped around the outside of the foamed cement body.

5. The floating wave-damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wave-damping body also includes a shell layer that encloses the lightweight and heavy materials inside.

6. The floating wave-damping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The overall design height of the wave-damping body is 0.5 to 5 meters.

7. The floating wave-damping device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The shell layer can be made of rigid or flexible materials. The rigid material can be PVC, HDPE, or stainless steel; the flexible material can be PVC coated fabric or geotextile.

8. The floating wave-damping device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The shell is a wrapping layer made of a waterproof material.

9. The floating wave-damping device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The anchoring assembly is located below the wave-dissipating body and consists of two parts: a fixed pile and a connecting rope. The fixed pile is an anchor, an anchor pile, a pile, or a counterweight block. The connecting rope is an iron chain, a steel wire rope, or a nylon rope.

10. The floating wave-damping device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The cross-section of the wave-dissipating body perpendicular to the length of the edge of the wave-dissipating water area is one of ellipse, circle, or polygon.

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