Pier retainer device capable of self-adapting to terrains

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of bridge pier safety protection, and discloses a terrain self-adaptive bridge pier retainer device, which is composed of a plurality of groups of protective components which are arranged in a multi-circle manner from inside to outside, and each group of protective components is formed by connecting a plurality of soft permeable pipes which are connected end to end through a tenon-and-mortise structure device. The first tenon-and-mortise structure devices are used for connecting the soft permeable pipes of the same circle, and the second tenon-and-mortise structure devices are used for connecting the soft permeable pipes of the adjacent inner and outer circles, so that the whole retainer device can be flexibly adjusted along with topographic changes. Due to the adoption of the mortise and tenon joint structure, tight connection between the protective rings is guaranteed, necessary relative movement is allowed, and gaps generated due to topographic changes are avoided. By means of the design, the assembling process is simplified, the adaptability and the protection effect of the protection ring device are improved, it is guaranteed that the protected area of the pier is effectively covered all the time, and the reliability and durability of pier scouring protection are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of bridge pier safety protection technology, specifically relating to a bridge pier protective ring device that adapts to terrain. Background Technology

[0002] Unlike land-based structures, most of the bridges and their foundations are located in turbulent rivers, bearing the loads of water flow and waves over a long period of time. This makes them highly susceptible to localized scouring around the piers. In addition, the natural evolution and downcutting of the riverbed, as well as the continuous increase in traffic volume and operating load, may cause varying degrees of settlement in the bridge foundations. This gradually reduces the load-bearing capacity and stability of the piers, ultimately leading to bridge damage by water, which seriously affects traffic safety.

[0003] Currently, measures to mitigate localized scour of bridge piers are mainly divided into two types: active protection measures and passive protection measures. Active protection measures focus on reducing the erosive force of downflow and horseshoe vortices, such as installing pier retaining rings, enlarging pile foundations, creating pier gaps, and placing sacrificial piles upstream of the piers. Passive protection measures mainly focus on improving the riverbed's resistance to erosion, such as laying granular protective materials around the pier foundations to form a protective layer and using riprap protection. Retaining rings have become a very popular method for mitigating localized scour of bridge piers due to their simple structure, convenient construction, and significant protective effect. Bridge pier retaining rings are installed at a certain height on the foundation to control scouring around the bridge foundation by reducing and weakening the intensity of downward jets and horseshoe vortices. Factors affecting the effectiveness of retaining rings include their installation height, size, and form. The retaining rings divide the water flow into upper and lower parts. They can block the downward currents forming in the upper area and also affect the downward flow and horseshoe vortices in the lower area. Because natural riverbeds frequently change, the riverbed height changes rapidly under high flow velocities, and existing retaining rings often fail to achieve the desired effect. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN115506229A – "An Adaptive Terrain Bridge Pier Scouring Protection Permeable Device and Manufacturing Method" – discloses a bridge pier retaining ring device that can adapt to terrain. The device connects multiple flexible permeable pipes to multi-directional joints via corrosion-resistant springs. When the scouring ring forms, the outer circular retaining ring sinks first with the terrain, and the remaining retaining rings then take effect, achieving an adaptive terrain protection effect. However, in the aforementioned device, the flexible permeable pipes are connected by corrosion-resistant springs. During the sinking of the retaining rings, the deformation of the springs can create large gaps between the retaining rings, exposing the protected area of ​​the bridge pier to the flowing water. Furthermore, the connection between the corrosion-resistant springs and the multi-directional joints is quite complex, making assembly difficult.

[0004] It is evident that the existing pier protection ring structure cannot adapt to changes in terrain, resulting in large gaps between the protection rings. This exposes the protected area of ​​the pier to the flowing water, greatly reducing the protective effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a pier protective ring device that adapts to terrain. This device has higher terrain adaptability accuracy, better matches the actual scouring conditions around the pier, and has a tighter protective ring, which can densely protect the pier.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical content:

[0007] A terrain-adaptive pier protection device includes multiple sets of protective components; the protective components are arranged in multiple concentric circles from the inside out around the pier.

[0008] The protective assembly includes multiple flexible permeable pipes connected end to end;

[0009] Within the same ring of protective components, every two adjacent flexible permeable pipes are connected by a first tenon and mortise structure device;

[0010] In the protective components of adjacent inner and outer rings, each pair of adjacent flexible permeable pipes of the inner and outer rings are connected by a second tenon and mortise structure device.

[0011] Both the first and second tenon-and-mortise structural devices include convex tenons and concave tenons.

[0012] One end of the flexible permeable pipe is connected to a convex tenon, and the other end is connected to a concave tenon.

[0013] In the same ring of flexible permeable pipes, the convex tenon connecting the flexible permeable pipes and the concave tenon connecting the adjacent flexible permeable pipes form a tenon-and-mortise connection fit.

[0014] The flexible permeable pipe is connected to a convex tenon on the outside and a concave tenon on the inside.

[0015] In the adjacent inner and outer rings of flexible permeable pipes, the convex tenon connecting the inner ring flexible permeable pipes and the concave tenon connecting the outer ring flexible permeable pipes form a tenon-and-mortise connection.

[0016] Furthermore, each protective component includes a connected semi-circular portion and a semi-elliptical portion; the semi-elliptical portion is located on the water-facing side of the pier, and the semi-circular portion is located on the water-repellent side of the pier.

[0017] Furthermore, the diameter of the semi-circular portion of the outermost protective component is 2 to 5 times the diameter of the pier.

[0018] Furthermore, the ratio of the semi-major axis to the semi-minor axis of the semi-elliptical portion is 1:0.8.

[0019] Furthermore, the first mortise and tenon structure device also includes a metal sleeve; the metal sleeve is connected to the flexible permeable pipe by a clamp;

[0020] The metal sleeve is connected to the convex tenon and the metal sleeve to the concave tenon by welding.

[0021] Furthermore, the second tenon and mortise structure device also includes a collar; the collar is fitted onto the flexible permeable pipe and fixed by bolts; one side of the collar is welded to a convex tenon and the other side is welded to a concave tenon.

[0022] Furthermore, the flexible permeable pipe is filled with a heavy object; the heavy object is gravel, metal blocks, tires, or sand.

[0023] Furthermore, the diameter of the bridge pier is three times the diameter of the flexible permeable pipe.

[0024] Furthermore, the protruding part of the convex tenon is inserted into the groove of the concave tenon; a metal plate is provided at the bottom of the groove so that the protruding part of the convex tenon can slide vertically in the groove of the concave tenon.

[0025] Furthermore, both the convex and concave tenons are made of metal.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention provides a terrain-adaptive pier protection ring device, consisting of multiple sets of protective components arranged in concentric rings from the inside out. Each set of components comprises multiple flexible permeable pipes connected end-to-end via mortise and tenon joints. The first mortise and tenon joint connects the flexible permeable pipes within the same ring, while the second connects the flexible permeable pipes of adjacent inner and outer rings, allowing the entire protection ring device to flexibly adjust to changes in terrain. The use of mortise and tenon joints ensures a tight connection between the protection rings while allowing necessary relative movement, avoiding gaps caused by terrain changes. This design not only simplifies the assembly process but also improves the adaptability and protective effect of the protection ring device, ensuring that the protected area of ​​the pier is always effectively covered, greatly enhancing the reliability and durability of pier erosion protection.

[0028] Preferably, in this invention, the semi-elliptical portion is positioned on the water-facing side of the pier to better resist the impact of water flow; the semi-circular portion is positioned on the back side to maintain the protection range and reduce the precision of segmentation. This design considers both the dynamic characteristics of water flow and the practicality and economy of the structure, improving the targeting and efficiency of the protective ring device.

[0029] Preferably, in this invention, the diameter of the semi-circular part of the outermost protective component is 2 to 5 times the diameter of the pier. This design ensures sufficient coverage of the protective ring device while avoiding material waste and construction difficulties caused by excessive size, thus achieving a balance between protective effect and cost.

[0030] Preferably, in this invention, the ratio of the semi-major axis to the semi-minor axis of the semi-elliptical portion is 1:0.8. This ratio ensures sufficient protection area for the protective ring device on the water-facing side, and also makes the overall structure of the device more coordinated, improving the stability and aesthetics of the protective ring device.

[0031] Preferably, in this invention, the first tenon and mortise structure device includes a metal sleeve, which is connected to the flexible permeable pipe by a clamp and welded to the convex and concave tenons. This design enhances the connection strength and stability of the tenon and mortise structure, prevents the protective ring device from loosening or falling off under the action of water flow, and improves the reliability and durability of the protective ring device.

[0032] Preferably, in this invention, the second tenon and mortise structure device includes a collar, which is fitted onto the flexible permeable pipe and fixed with bolts, and welded to the convex and concave tenons. This design simplifies the installation process, improves construction efficiency, and ensures a tight connection and stability between the inner and outer protective rings.

[0033] Preferably, in this invention, the flexible permeable pipe is filled with heavy objects, such as gravel or metal blocks, which increases the weight and stability of the protective ring device, prevents the protective ring device from drifting or floating under the action of water flow, and improves the erosion resistance of the protective ring device.

[0034] Preferably, in this invention, the diameter of the bridge pier is three times the diameter of the flexible permeable pipe. This ratio ensures sufficient clearance between the protective ring device and the bridge pier, facilitating construction and maintenance, while avoiding a reduction in protective effect due to excessive clearance, thus achieving optimization between structure and function.

[0035] Preferably, in this invention, the protruding part of the convex tenon is inserted into the groove of the concave tenon, and a metal plate is provided at the bottom of the groove, allowing the convex tenon to slide vertically within the groove. This design enhances the flexibility and adaptability of the protective ring device, enabling the protective ring to adjust according to changes in terrain, maintaining the continuity and tightness of the protective ring.

[0036] Preferably, in this invention, both the convex and concave tenons are made of metal, which enhances the strength and corrosion resistance of the tenon structure and improves the reliability and service life of the protective ring device. At the same time, the choice of metal material facilitates processing and installation, reducing construction difficulty and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a terrain-adaptive pier retaining ring device provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible permeable pipe in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first tenon and mortise structure between adjacent flexible permeable pipes of the same protective component in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the metal sleeve in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp structure in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second tenon structure between the adjacent flexible permeable pipes of the inner and outer ring protective components in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the scouring situation of the scouring pits around the bridge piers, provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0044] Figure label:

[0045] 1. Bridge pier; 2. Flexible permeable pipe; 3. First tenon and mortise structure device; 4. Second tenon and mortise structure device; 5. Metal sleeve; 6. Convex tenon and mortise; 7. Concave tenon and mortise; 8. Clamp; 9. Collar; 10. Bolt; 11. Weak scour area; 12. Medium scour area; 13. Strong scour area. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the technical problem solved by this utility model, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects clearer, the following specific embodiments provide a further detailed description of this utility model. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this utility model and are not intended to limit it.

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0048] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0051] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] This utility model provides a terrain-adaptive pier protection ring device, comprising multiple rings of protective components arranged from the inside out with the pier 1 as the center. Each ring of protective components is configured as a semi-circular and semi-elliptical structure, and the diameter of the semi-circular structure increases sequentially from the inside out, correspondingly the semi-elliptical structure also increases sequentially from the inside out. The protective components include multiple flexible permeable pipes 2. Every two adjacent flexible permeable pipes 2 in the same ring of protective components are connected by a first tenon and mortise structure 3, and every two inner and outer adjacent flexible permeable pipes 2 are connected by a second tenon and mortise structure 4.

[0054] The segmentation accuracy of the protective component gradually increases from the upstream side to the downstream side. In the strong scour zone 13, radial segmentation is performed every 30°; in the medium scour zone 12, segmentation is performed every 45°; and in the weak scour zone 11, no segmentation is required.

[0055] The first tenon and mortise structure device 3 connects every two adjacent flexible permeable pipes 2 of the same protective assembly. The first tenon and mortise structure device 3 includes a metal sleeve 5, a convex tenon and mortise 6, and a concave tenon and mortise 7.

[0056] The metal sleeve 5 is reinforced and connected to the flexible permeable pipe 2 by clamps 8, and the metal sleeve 5 is connected to the convex tenon 6 and concave tenon 7 by welding to ensure a stable connection between the components.

[0057] There is a certain gap between the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7. The convex tenon 6 is slightly smaller than the groove of the concave tenon, so as to realize the relative vertical sliding between the tenon structure devices 3.

[0058] In this embodiment, the lowest part of the concave tenon 7 is provided with a metal plate, preferably a thin metal sheet, to ensure that the first tenon structure devices 3 can slide freely relative to each other and do not separate from each other.

[0059] In this embodiment, for the flexible permeable pipes 2 in the same circular structure, when one of the flexible permeable pipes 2 sinks down with the riverbed due to the scouring effect, the first tenon and mortise connection device 3 between its head and tail and other flexible permeable pipes 2 can realize the relative vertical sliding between the flexible permeable pipes 2 and ensure that they do not separate from each other.

[0060] Each pair of adjacent flexible permeable pipes 2 is connected by a second tenon and mortise structure device 4, which includes a collar 9, a convex tenon 6, and a concave tenon 7; the collar 9 is preferably made of metal.

[0061] The collar 9 is connected to the flexible permeable pipe 2 by bolts 10, and the collar 9 is connected to the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7 by welding to ensure a stable connection between the components.

[0062] There is a certain gap between the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7. The convex tenon 6 is slightly smaller than the groove of the concave tenon, so as to realize the relative vertical sliding between the second tenon structure devices 4.

[0063] In this embodiment, a thin metal sheet is also provided at the bottom of the concave tenon 7 to ensure that the second tenon structure devices 4 can slide freely relative to each other and do not separate.

[0064] In this embodiment, for two adjacent flexible permeable pipes 2, when the outer flexible permeable pipe 2 sinks first with the riverbed due to scouring, the second tenon and mortise structure device 4 between it and the inner adjacent flexible permeable pipe 2 allows for relative vertical sliding between the flexible permeable pipes 2, ensuring they do not separate. Similarly, all the ring devices of the protective ring device can sink sequentially with the riverbed, thus protecting the bridge pier.

[0065] Preferably, the interior of the flexible permeable pipe is filled with weights, such as gravel, metal blocks, tires, or sand, which increases the weight of the flexible permeable pipe. This allows the flexible permeable pipe to adapt to changes in terrain under gravity, thereby reducing the intensity of the incoming flow and changing the direction of the water flow. At the same time, it can be bent according to the required curvature, and then the flexible permeable pipes can be assembled together.

[0066] For example, the diameter of the flexible permeable pipe 2 is one-third the diameter of the pier 1, ensuring a good protective effect. The diameter of the semi-circular ring structure of the outermost protective component is 2-5 times the diameter of the pier 1, further enhancing the protective effect of the device. The ratio of the semi-major axis to the semi-minor axis of the semi-elliptical portion is 1:0.8, and the semi-minor axis of the semi-elliptical structure is equal to the radius of the corresponding semi-circular structure. The cross-sectional shape of the flexible permeable pipe 2 is circular to facilitate connection with the metal sleeve 5 and the collar 9.

[0067] Example

[0068] like Figure 1-6 As shown, this utility model provides an adaptive terrain pier anti-erosion ring device based on mortise and tenon structure, including pier 1, flexible permeable pipe 2, first mortise and tenon structure device 3, second mortise and tenon structure device 4, metal sleeve 5, convex mortise and tenon 6, concave mortise and tenon 7, clamp 8, collar 9 and bolt 10.

[0069] like Figure 7 As shown, the scour zone around the bridge pier can be divided into three parts according to the scour intensity. The area extending 90° from the water-facing side of the pier to each of its two wings is the strong scour zone 13; the area extending 45° outward from the back side of the pier is the weak scour zone 11; and the remaining area is the moderate scour zone 12. In the strong scour zone 13, a protective ring is formed every 30°; in the moderate scour zone 12, a single division is made; and in the weak scour zone 13, no division is made.

[0070] like Figure 1 , Figure 7As shown, the flexible permeable pipe 2 is arc-shaped, and the protective ring device consists of multiple rings of protective components arranged from the inside out, with the pier 1 as the center. The diameter of the multiple semi-circular structures increases sequentially from the inside out, and the corresponding semi-elliptical structures also increase sequentially from the inside out. They are arranged with precision according to each scour zone. Adjacent flexible permeable pipes 2 are connected by a first tenon and mortise structure device 3 to form a ring device with progressively increasing radii. The inner and outer ring devices are then connected by a second tenon and mortise structure device 4 to form a complete adaptive terrain protective ring device.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the flexible permeable pipe 2 is made of flexible permeable material, which can be bent into the required shape after being filled with heavy objects. At the same time, the material is water-resistant and corrosion-resistant, and can be used underwater for a long time.

[0072] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first tenon and mortise structure device 3 includes a metal sleeve 5, a convex tenon 6, and a concave tenon 7. A clamp 8 reinforces the connection between the metal sleeve 5 and the flexible permeable pipe 2. The metal sleeve 5 is connected to the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7 by welding to ensure a stable connection between the components.

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, the second mortise and tenon structure device 4 includes a collar 9, a convex tenon 6, and a concave tenon 7. The collar 9 is connected to the flexible permeable pipe 2 by bolts 10, and the collar 9 is connected to the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7 by welding to ensure a stable connection between the components.

[0074] In this embodiment, a certain gap is left between the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7. The convex tenon 6 is slightly smaller than the groove of the concave tenon, so that the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7 can slide vertically relative to each other.

[0075] In this embodiment, the lowest part of the concave tenon 7 is a thin metal sheet to ensure that the tenon structure devices 3 can slide freely relative to each other and do not separate.

[0076] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the flexible permeable pipe 2 is circular, so as to realize the connection between the flexible permeable pipe 2 and the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7.

[0077] In this embodiment, the convex tenon 6 and the concave tenon 7 are semi-circular in shape to reduce stress concentration.

[0078] In this embodiment, the arc length of the flexible permeable pipe 2 increases continuously from the inner circle to the outer circle, and its specific arc length is determined by the diameter of the pier 1. The diameter of the outermost ring structure is 3.5 times the diameter of the pier; the diameter of the flexible permeable pipe 2 is 1 / 3 of the diameter of the pier 1.

[0079] In this embodiment, the ratio of the semi-major axis to the semi-minor axis of the semi-ellipse is 1:0.8, and the semi-minor axis of the semi-ellipse structure is equal to the radius of the corresponding semi-circular structure.

[0080] In this embodiment, the protective ring device is semi-elliptical and semi-circular in shape. The semi-elliptical shape is used on the water-facing side and flanks where scouring is severe, increasing the protection range and segmentation accuracy. The circular shape is used on the rear side where scouring is less severe, maintaining the protection range while reducing segmentation accuracy. The different shapes and segmentation accuracies at both ends improve the accuracy and range of the protective ring's adaptation to terrain.

[0081] In this embodiment, the flexible permeable pipe 2 is filled with heavy objects; the heavy objects are preferably gravel, metal blocks, waste tires, sand, etc., to increase its weight and bend it into the required arc shape, so that the flexible permeable pipe 2 can adapt to changes in terrain under the action of gravity, and at the same time reduce the intensity of the incoming flow and change the direction of the water flow.

[0082] In this embodiment, the structural design can disturb the water flow and reduce the flow velocity and sediment carrying capacity in the turbulent zone formed between the flexible permeable pipe 2 and the pier 1, thereby reducing the scouring effect of the downstream water flow and causing the sediment carried by the water flow upstream to settle in front of the pier, further reducing the local scouring of the pier 1. The flexible permeable pipe 2 controls the flow of scouring water, aiming to reduce the driving force of scouring. The outermost flexible permeable pipe 2 serves as the first line of defense against local scouring of the pier 1. After it is washed away by the water flow and settles with the riverbed, the remaining flexible permeable pipes 2 will take effect in sequence, resulting in good protective effect.

[0083] In this embodiment, the protective ring structures are connected using mortise and tenon joints, allowing them to independently adapt to changes in terrain and settle along with the riverbed. The flexible permeable pipe 2 is filled with heavy materials, preventing it from shifting even at high flow velocities. This reduces maintenance and construction costs, making it more flexible and effective than traditional protective measures.

[0084] In this embodiment, the original spring connection of the protective ring is replaced with a mortise and tenon structure connection. The mortise and tenon structure connection can ensure free vertical movement between the protective rings while restricting the relative displacement between them, so that the multi-layer protective rings leave virtually no gaps, achieving comprehensive and dense protection for the bridge pier. The mortise and tenon structure device 3 and mortise and tenon structure device 4 can be freely disassembled from the flexible permeable pipe 2, and are easy to assemble, have low production difficulty, and facilitate standardized production.

[0085] In this embodiment, the device has a simple structure, low construction and maintenance costs, and the flexible permeable pipe 2 can be replaced individually if damaged, making it highly practical and flexible. It can automatically adapt to terrain changes at all stages of scouring development, providing real-time protection for bridge piers without manual intervention, and has significant practical application value.

[0086] In summary, this utility model provides a terrain-adaptive pier protection device, which has the following advantages compared to existing protection solutions:

[0087] This protective ring device consists of multiple semi-elliptical and semi-circular structures centered on the bridge pier, with the diameter of each ring increasing from the inside out. This device aims to reduce the driving force of scouring by controlling the inflow of scouring water. The outermost semi-elliptical and semi-circular structure serves as the first line of defense against localized scouring of the bridge pier. Once it is eroded by the water flow and settles with the riverbed, the remaining structures will then take effect sequentially, resulting in a highly effective protective system.

[0088] Furthermore, the device is semi-elliptical and semi-circular in shape. The elliptical shape is used on the water-facing side and flanks where scouring is severe, increasing the protection range and segmentation accuracy. The circular shape is used on the rear side where scouring is less severe, maintaining the protection range while reducing segmentation accuracy. The different shapes and segmentation accuracies at both ends improve the accuracy and range of the protective ring's adaptation to terrain.

[0089] Furthermore, this device uses a mortise and tenon structure to connect the ring structures, allowing the flexible permeable pipes to move between each other without separating. This allows the protective ring to settle along with the riverbed, improving the terrain adaptability of the pier protective ring and achieving real-time protection of the pier without manual intervention, thus providing good protection.

[0090] Furthermore, the mortise and tenon joint structure can both ensure free vertical movement between the protective rings and restrict the relative displacement between them, so that the multi-layered protective rings have virtually no gaps, achieving comprehensive and dense protection for the bridge piers.

[0091] Finally, this device has low construction and maintenance costs, and the flexible permeable pipe can be replaced individually if damaged, making it highly practical and flexible. This invention is a prefabricated structure, easy and simple to assemble, and can be standardized for production according to different bridge pier diameters, giving it significant practical application value.

[0092] The above embodiments are merely one of the implementation methods to achieve the technical solution of this utility model. The scope of protection claimed by this utility model is not limited to this embodiment, but also includes any variations, substitutions and other implementation methods that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model.

Claims

1. A terrain-adaptive pier retaining ring device, characterized in that, It includes multiple sets of protective components; the protective components are arranged in multiple rings from the inside to the outside, with the pier (1) as the center; The protective component includes multiple flexible permeable pipes (2) connected end to end; In the same ring of protective components, every two adjacent flexible permeable pipes (2) are connected by a first tenon and mortise structure device (3); In the protective components of adjacent inner and outer rings, each pair of adjacent flexible permeable pipes (2) of the inner and outer rings are connected by a second tenon and mortise structure device (4); The first tenon and mortise structure device (3) and the second tenon and mortise structure device (4) both include a convex tenon and mortise (6) and a concave tenon and mortise (7). One end of the flexible permeable pipe (2) is connected to a convex tenon (6), and the other end is connected to a concave tenon (7). In the same ring of flexible permeable pipes (2), the convex tenon (6) connecting the flexible permeable pipe (2) and the concave tenon (7) connecting the adjacent flexible permeable pipe (2) form a tenon-tenon connection fit; The flexible permeable pipe (2) is connected to a convex tenon (6) on the outside and a concave tenon (7) on the inside. In the adjacent inner and outer rings of flexible permeable pipes (2), the convex tenon (6) connecting the inner ring flexible permeable pipe (2) and the concave tenon (7) connecting the outer ring flexible permeable pipe (2) form a tenon-tenon connection fit.

2. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each protective component includes a connected semi-circular portion and a semi-elliptical portion; the semi-elliptical portion is located on the water-facing side of the pier (1), and the semi-circular portion is located on the water-repellent side of the pier (1).

3. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the semi-circular part of the outermost protective component is 2 to 5 times the diameter of the pier (1).

4. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the semi-major axis to the semi-minor axis of the semi-elliptical portion is 1:0.

8.

5. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first tenon and mortise structure device (3) also includes a metal sleeve (5); the metal sleeve (5) is connected to the flexible permeable pipe (2) by a clamp (8); The metal sleeve (5) is connected to the convex tenon (6) and the metal sleeve (5) is connected to the concave tenon (7) by welding.

6. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second tenon structure device (4) also includes a collar (9); the collar (9) is fitted onto the flexible permeable pipe (2) and fixed by bolts (10); one side of the collar (9) is welded to the convex tenon (6) and the other side is welded to the concave tenon (7).

7. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible permeable pipe (2) is filled with heavy objects; the heavy objects are gravel, metal blocks, tires or sand.

8. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the bridge pier (1) is three times the diameter of the flexible permeable pipe (2).

9. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protruding part of the convex tenon (6) is inserted into the groove of the concave tenon (7); a metal plate is provided at the bottom of the groove so that the protruding part of the convex tenon (6) can slide vertically in the groove of the concave tenon (7).

10. The adaptive terrain pier protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the convex tenon (6) and the concave tenon (7) are made of metal.

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