Shield tunneling machine and coal mine fully-mechanized coal mining system

Abstract

The utility model provides a shield tunneling machine and a coal mine fully-mechanized coal mining system. The shield tunneling machine comprises a cutter head assembly and a driving assembly. The cutterhead assembly is provided with a cutting part and a rotary supporting part; the driving component comprises a driving part and a chain wheel; a tooth row ring is arranged at the end, close to the driving assembly, of the rotary supporting part and provided with meshing parts which are annularly arranged at intervals, and the pitch of the tooth row ring is the same as that of the chain wheel. The tooth thickness of the chain wheel is smaller than the distance between the adjacent meshing parts, so that when the tooth crest of the chain wheel is meshed with the meshing parts, a first conduction gap is formed between the tooth crest of the chain wheel and the adjacent meshing parts, and the first conduction gap is used for discharging silt. The mode that the tooth row wheel and the chain wheel are meshed with each other is adopted, the first conduction gaps are formed between the tooth crests of the chain wheel and the adjacent meshing parts, impurities such as silt can be discharged through the first conduction gaps, and normal meshing transmission between the tooth row ring and the chain wheel is guaranteed; the technical problem that the supporting part is blocked due to the fact that impurities such as silt cannot be discharged is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coal mine fully mechanized mining technology, and in particular to tunnel boring machines and coal mine fully mechanized mining systems. Background Technology

[0002] With economic development and social progress, higher demands are being placed on underground coal mining and tunnel excavation. Coal mine tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are mainly used for tunneling underground and simultaneously transporting coal. These machines are characterized by their simple structure, convenient operation, long service life, and high safety and reliability.

[0003] Existing tunnel boring machines use an electric motor (or hydraulic motor) and a reducer to drive several small gears to rotate. The small gears drive the slewing bearing to rotate. The slewing bearing is connected to the cutterhead by a flange, thereby driving the cutterhead to rotate and cut the working face.

[0004] However, the above structure has extremely high sealing requirements. If impurities such as mud and sand enter the gearbox, it will cause the slewing bearing to jam, and the gear meshing will also be affected.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for tunnel boring machines and fully mechanized coal mining systems to address the technical problems existing in current technologies to some extent. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a tunnel boring machine and a fully mechanized coal mining system that increases the meshing clearance between the toothed wheel and the toothed ring. This allows the mud and sand located between the toothed wheel and the toothed ring to be easily discharged through the larger meshing clearance, thereby solving the problem of poor meshing between the toothed wheel and the toothed ring, and also solving the technical problem of slewing bearing jamming caused by difficulty in mud and sand discharge.

[0007] This application provides a tunnel boring machine, including a cutterhead assembly and a drive assembly;

[0008] The cutter head assembly has a cutting section and a rotary support section connected to the cutting section; the drive assembly has a drive section and a sprocket connected to the drive section;

[0009] A toothed ring is provided at one end of the rotary support near the drive assembly. The toothed ring has meshing portions arranged in a ring at intervals. The pitch of the toothed ring is the same as the tooth pitch of the sprocket, so that the meshing portions mesh with the sprocket. When the drive unit drives the sprocket to rotate, the cutting part can be driven to rotate through the toothed ring.

[0010] The tooth thickness of the sprocket is less than the distance between the adjacent meshing portions, such that when the tooth tip of the sprocket meshes with the meshing portion, a first conductive gap is formed between the tooth tip of the sprocket and the adjacent meshing portion, and the first conductive gap is used to discharge mud and sand.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the sprocket is further smaller in size in the axial direction than the toothed wheel in the axial direction, so that when the tooth tip of the sprocket engages with the meshing part, the meshing part and the sprocket form a second conductive gap in the axial direction, and the second conductive gap is used to discharge mud and sand.

[0012] In the above technical solution, when the tooth tip of the sprocket engages with the meshing part, a third conductive gap is formed between the tooth root of the sprocket and the wall surface of the meshing part near the tooth root of the sprocket, and the third conductive gap is used to discharge mud and sand.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the pitch of the toothed ring and the tooth pitch of the sprocket are both set between 70mm and 90mm.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the tunnel boring machine further includes a main beam and a first support assembly; the main beam is divided into a front part and a middle part along the axial direction of the cutterhead assembly;

[0015] The cutter head assembly and the drive assembly are both located at the front, and the first support assembly is located at the middle.

[0016] The first support assembly has a first support portion, an extension portion, a rotating portion, and a propulsion portion; the output end of the extension portion is connected to the rotating portion, and the first support portion is connected to the end of the rotating portion opposite to the extension portion;

[0017] The second sidewall of the first support is connected to the front part through the propulsion part, so that the first support is supported on the sidewall of the tunnel.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the tunnel boring machine further includes a second support component;

[0019] The second support component includes an upper support portion and a lower support portion; the upper support portion and the lower support portion are both disposed at the front portion and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the front portion, such that the upper support portion supports the upper sidewall of the tunnel and the lower support portion supports the lower sidewall of the tunnel.

[0020] In the above technical solution, further, a rear portion is formed at the end of the main beam opposite to the front portion in the middle; a third support component is provided on the rear portion;

[0021] The third support component includes a rear support portion; the rear support portion is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the rear portion about the axis of the rear portion; the rear support portion extends toward the ground to support the rear portion.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the cutting part further includes a cutting disc, a roller cutter, and a scraper; the cutting disc has a cutting surface; at least one of the roller cutters is disposed at the center of the cutting surface and extends along a preset direction, and the remaining roller cutters are arranged at intervals on the cutting surface; the scraper is disposed at a preset angle on the edge of the cutting surface.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the driving unit further includes a driving motor, and multiple driving motors are provided. The multiple driving motors are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the output ends of the multiple driving motors are all connected to the inner ring of the gear ring through the sprocket.

[0024] This application also provides a fully mechanized coal mining system, including the aforementioned tunnel boring machine.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] This application provides a tunnel boring machine, including a cutterhead assembly and a drive assembly;

[0027] The cutter head assembly has a cutting section and a rotary support section connected to the cutting section; the drive assembly has a drive section and a sprocket connected to the drive section;

[0028] A toothed ring is provided at one end of the rotary support near the drive assembly. The toothed ring has meshing portions arranged in a ring at intervals. The pitch of the toothed ring is the same as the tooth pitch of the sprocket, so that the meshing portions mesh with the sprocket. When the drive unit drives the sprocket to rotate, the cutting part can be driven to rotate through the toothed ring.

[0029] The tooth thickness of the sprocket is less than the distance between the adjacent meshing portions, such that when the tooth tip of the sprocket meshes with the meshing portion, a first conductive gap is formed between the tooth tip of the sprocket and the adjacent meshing portion, and the first conductive gap is used to discharge mud and sand.

[0030] In summary, the transmission of this application adopts a method of mutual meshing between the toothed sprocket and the sprocket, and a first conduction gap is provided between the tooth tip of the sprocket and the adjacent meshing part. The first conduction gap can discharge impurities such as mud and sand, ensuring normal meshing transmission between the toothed sprocket and the sprocket, thereby overcoming the technical problem of the support part jamming and seizing caused by the inability of impurities such as mud and sand to be discharged in the prior art.

[0031] This application also provides a fully mechanized coal mining system, including the aforementioned tunnel boring machine (TBM). Therefore, it possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned TBM, which will not be elaborated upon here. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine provided in this application from a first-view perspective;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the hidden cover in the tunnel boring machine provided in this application, viewed from a first-person perspective;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the image;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the hidden cover in the tunnel boring machine provided in this application, viewed from a second perspective;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the image;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point D in the image;

[0040] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine provided in this application from a second perspective;

[0041] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point E in the image;

[0042] Figure 10 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point F in the image;

[0043] Figure 11 A structural schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine provided in this application from a third-person perspective;

[0044] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point G in the image;

[0045] Figure 13 A structural schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine provided in this application from a fourth-person perspective;

[0046] Figure 14 for Figure 13Enlarged view of point H in the image;

[0047] Figure 15 for Figure 13 Enlarged view of point I in the image;

[0048] Figure 16 A structural schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine provided in this application from a fifth-person perspective;

[0049] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Enlarged view of point J in the image;

[0050] Figure 18 This is a top view of part of the gear train and sprocket.

[0051] Reference numerals: 1-Cutter head assembly; 101-Cutting section; 102-Rotating support section; 103-Cutting disc; 104-Hog cutter; 105-Scraper; 106-Cylinder; 107-Cutting plate; 108-Cutting surface; 109-Rotating support frame; 110-Gear ring; 111-First ring body; 112-Second ring body; 113-Installation space; 114-Cylinder; 2-Drive assembly; 201-Drive section; 202-Sprocket; 203-Drive motor; 204-First conduction gap; 205-Second conduction gap; 206-Third conduction gap; 207-Cover; 208-Tooth tip; 209-Tooth root; 3- Main beam; 301-Front section; 302-Middle section; 303-Front section; 304-Middle section; 305-Rear section; 306-Rear section; 4-First support assembly; 401-First support part; 402-Sleeve part; 403-Rotating part; 404-Propulsion part; 405-Arc-shaped support frame; 406-Arc-shaped support plate; 407-Support rib; 408-Sleeve frame; 409-Rotating shaft; 410-Propulsion hydraulic cylinder; 411-Protruding nail; 501-Upper support part; 503-Upper support plate; 504-Upper hydraulic cylinder; 6-Third support assembly; 601-Rear support part; 602-Rear support plate; 603-Rear hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following detailed embodiments are provided to help the reader gain a comprehensive understanding of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of this application. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to the order set forth herein; changes that will be apparent after understanding the disclosure of this application are possible, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0053] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided merely to illustrate some of the many feasible ways of implementing the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application.

[0054] Throughout the specification, when an element (such as a layer, region, or substrate) is described as being "on" another element, "connected to" another element, "bonded to" another element, "on" another element, or "covering" another element, it may be directly "on" another element, "connected to" another element, "bonded to" another element, "on" another element, or "covering" another element, or there may be one or more other elements in between. In contrast, when an element is described as being "directly on" another element, "directly connected to" another element, "directly bonded to" another element, "directly on" another element, or "directly covering" another element, there may be no other elements in between.

[0055] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the relevant items listed and any combination of any two or more items.

[0056] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe individual components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts, these components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts are not limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, assembly, region, layer, or part from another. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the examples described herein, the first component, assembly, region, layer, or part referred to as the second component, assembly, region, layer, or part may also be referred to as the second component, assembly, region, layer, or part.

[0057] For ease of description, spatial relation terms such as “above,” “upper,” “below,” and “lower” are used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another, as shown in the accompanying drawings. Such spatial relation terms are intended to include not only the orientation depicted in the drawings but also different orientations of the device during use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element described as being “above” or “upper” relative to another element will subsequently be “below” or “lower” relative to that other element. Therefore, the term “above” includes both “above” and “below” orientations depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be positioned in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relation terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0058] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” enumerate the stated features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.

[0059] Variations in the shapes shown in the accompanying drawings may occur due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the accompanying drawings, but include changes in shape that may occur during manufacturing.

[0060] The features of the examples described herein can be combined in various ways that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. Furthermore, although the examples described herein have a wide variety of constructions, other constructions are possible, as will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] This application provides a novel tunnel boring machine (TBM) structure, which to some extent solves the technical problem in existing TBMs where a motor drives several small gears to rotate, which in turn drive the slewing bearing to rotate, thereby causing the cutterhead to rotate and cut the working face. This results in impurities such as mud and sand entering the gearbox, causing the slewing bearing to jam, and also affecting the meshing of the external gears. The following is a detailed explanation... Figures 1-18 This application provides a detailed description of a tunnel boring machine.

[0063] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the tunnel boring machine includes a cutterhead assembly 1; the cutterhead assembly 1 has a cutting section 101 and a rotary support section 102 connected to the cutting section 101. Specifically, the cutting section 101 includes a cutting disc 103, roller cutters 104, and scrapers 105. The cutting disc 103 includes a cylinder 106 and a cutting plate 107, the cutting plate 107 being disposed at the open end of one end of the cylinder 106; the end face of the cutting plate 107 is used as the cutting surface 108. Multiple roller cutters 104 are provided, with at least one roller cutter 104 disposed at the center of the cutting surface 108 and extending along a predetermined direction. Figure 10As shown, optionally, one of the roller cutters 104 is located at the center of the cutting surface 108 and extends along a preset direction; the preset direction refers to the radial direction of the cutting plate 107. The remaining roller cutters 104 are arranged at intervals on the cutting surface 108. The above-mentioned multiple roller cutters 104 are used to cut relatively flat coal or rock in the fully mechanized mining face. The scraper 105 is set at a preset angle on the edge of the cutting plate 107 of the cutting disc 103. Optionally, multiple scrapers 105 are provided, and multiple scrapers 105 can be set at the same preset angle on the edge of the cutting plate 107; multiple scrapers 105 can also be set at different preset angles on the edge of the cutting disc 103, depending on the actual working conditions. The above-mentioned preset angle is set between 30-90°, preferably 60°. The above-mentioned scraper 105 can cut corners or uneven areas in the fully mechanized mining face.

[0064] Specifically, in combination Figure 4 As shown, one end of the rotary support 102 is connected to the cylindrical portion of the cutting disc 103, and the other end is connected to the drive assembly 2. When the drive assembly 2 drives the rotary support 102 to rotate, it in turn drives the cutting disc 103 to rotate. Since the cutting disc 103 is equipped with a roller cutter 104 and a scraper 105, the roller cutter 104 and the scraper 105 will rotate, thereby realizing the excavation of the fully mechanized mining face. Further, the rotary support 102 is a rotary support frame 109. Further, a toothed ring 110 is provided at the end of the rotary support 102 opposite to the cutting disc 103. The toothed ring 110 has meshing portions arranged in a ring at intervals. Optionally, the toothed ring 110 includes two ring bodies and a plurality of cylinders 114 serving as meshing parts; the two ring bodies are a first ring body 111 and a second ring body 112, the first ring body 111 and the second ring body 112 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cutting part 101, such that an installation space 113 is provided between the two ring bodies, and the two ends of the cylinders 114 are respectively connected to the two ring bodies along their axial direction, and the plurality of cylinders 114 are equally spaced in the installation space 113.

[0065] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the tunnel boring machine also includes a drive assembly 2; the drive assembly 2 has a drive section 201 and a sprocket 202 connected to the drive section 201 (the sprocket 202 is composed of multiple teeth evenly spaced in a circle, which is prior art and can be understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be specifically explained here); specifically, the drive section 201 includes a drive motor 203, and multiple drive motors 203 are provided, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the output ends of the multiple drive motors 203 are all provided with sprockets 202. (Refer to...) Figure 6Taking a scenario where four drive motors 203 are provided, each of the four drive motors 203 has a sprocket 202 on its output shaft. The four sprockets 202 are meshed with the inner ring of the gear ring 110. When the drive motor 203 is started, it can drive the four sprockets 202 to rotate. Since the four sprockets 202 are meshed with the gear ring 110 on the slewing bearing, they will drive the gear ring 110 to rotate.

[0066] The pitch of the toothed ring 110 is the same as the tooth pitch of the sprocket 202, so that the meshing part meshes with the sprocket 202; when the drive unit 201 drives the sprocket 202 to rotate, the toothed ring 110 can drive the cutting disc 103 to rotate; thereby enabling the roller cutter 104 and the scraper 105 to advance on the longwall face. Additionally, referring to the figure... Figure 6 , 18 As shown, the tooth thickness H1 of the sprocket 202 is less than the distance H2 between the adjacent meshing parts (cylinder 114). That is, when the tooth tip 208 of the sprocket 202 meshes with the meshing part (cylinder 114), a first conductive gap 204 is formed between the tooth tip of the sprocket 202 and the adjacent meshing part (cylinder 114). The first conductive gap 204 is used to discharge mud and sand. Furthermore, taking two cylinders 114 as an example, when the tooth tip of the sprocket 202 meshes with one of the cylinders 114, there is a first conductive gap 204 between the tooth tip of the sprocket 202 and the other cylinder 114. Therefore, even if impurities such as mud and sand enter between the gear ring 110 and the sprocket 202, as the sprocket 202 rotates, the impurities will be discharged through the first conductive gap 204. This ensures normal meshing and transmission between the gear ring 110 and the sprocket 202, and prevents the slewing bearing from jamming or getting stuck.

[0067] In summary, the transmission of this application adopts a method of mutual meshing between the toothed wheel and the sprocket 202, and a first conduction gap 204 is provided between the tooth tip of the sprocket 202 and the adjacent meshing part. The first conduction gap 204 can discharge impurities such as mud and sand, ensuring normal meshing transmission between the toothed ring 110 and the sprocket 202, thereby overcoming the technical problem of the support part jamming and seizing caused by the inability of impurities such as mud and sand to be discharged in the prior art.

[0068] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 18As shown, the sprocket 202's dimension L1 in its axial direction is smaller than the toothed wheel's dimension L2 in its axial direction. The sprocket 202's width in its axial direction is smaller than the toothed wheel's width in a straight line. Therefore, when the tooth tip of the sprocket 202 meshes with the meshing part (cylinder 114), a second conductive gap 205 is formed between the sprocket 202 and the ring body in the axial direction. This second conductive gap 205 passes through the meshing part (cylinder 114) and the sprocket 202. Thus, when there are impurities such as mud and sand, these impurities can be discharged from the meshing part or the sprocket 202 through the second conductive gap 205, further improving the efficiency of mud and sand removal and ensuring the normal operation of the tunneling.

[0069] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 16 , Figure 17 As shown, when the tooth tip of the sprocket 202 engages with the meshing part, a third conductive gap 206 is formed between the tooth root 209 of the sprocket 202 and the wall surface of the meshing part near the tooth root 209 of the sprocket 202. Therefore, when there are impurities such as mud and sand, some of the impurities will be discharged directly through the first conductive gap 204; another portion will be discharged sequentially through the first conductive gap 204 and the second conductive gap 205; and yet another portion will be discharged sequentially through the first conductive gap 204, the third conductive gap 206, and the second conductive gap 205. Of course, a portion of the impurities will also be discharged directly through the second conductive gap 205.

[0070] In summary, by setting the dimensions of the sprocket 202 and the toothed ring 110 as described above, different gaps (first conduction gap 204, second conduction gap 205, and third conduction gap 206) can be formed between the teeth of the sprocket 202 and the cylinder at different positions. Through these gaps, impurities such as mud and sand can be discharged from different positions.

[0071] In this embodiment, the pitch of the toothed ring 110 and the tooth pitch of the sprocket 202 are both set between 70mm and 90mm. The pitch of the toothed ring 110 refers to the distance between the centerlines of adjacent cylinders 114. Setting the pitch of the toothed ring 110 and the tooth pitch of the sprocket 202 to the aforementioned parameters increases the clearance between the toothed ring 110 and the sprocket 202, allowing impurities such as mud and sand to be discharged through the clearance when the sprocket 202 contacts the cylinder. Furthermore, this toothed ring 110 and sprocket 202 are thicker and stronger, significantly improving their service life.

[0072] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 5 As shown, the tunnel boring machine also includes a main beam 3 and a first support assembly 4; the main beam 3 is divided into a front part 301 and a middle part 302 along the axis of the cutterhead assembly 1; the cutterhead assembly 1 and the drive assembly 2 are both located in the front part 301, and the first support assembly 4 is located in the middle part 302.

[0073] Specifically, in combination Figure 7 As shown, the first support assembly 4 has a first support portion 401, a sleeve portion 402, a rotating portion 403, and a protruding portion. The sleeve portion 402 is sleeved on the main beam 3 and can move along the extension direction of the middle portion 302 of the main beam 3. The first support portion 401 is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve portion 402 about the axis of the sleeve portion 402 via the rotating portion 403, and the rotating portion 403 is rotatable relative to the first support portion 401. The protruding portion is disposed within the sleeve portion 402, and its two output ends are respectively connected to the first support portion 401 via the rotating portion 403, allowing the protruding portion to drive the first support portion 401 to extend and retract along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main beam 3. Furthermore, the second side wall of the first support portion 401 is connected to the front portion via a propulsion portion 404, allowing the first support portion 401 to be supported against the side wall of the tunnel.

[0074] Furthermore, combined Figures 7-9 As shown, the first support portion 401 includes an arc-shaped support frame 405 and an arc-shaped support plate 406; the arc-shaped support plate 406 is fixed to the arc-shaped support frame 405, and the arc-shaped support frame 405 extends through the protruding portion and the rotating portion 403 to approach the left and right side walls or retract towards the middle section 304. Furthermore, the arc-shaped support frame 405 includes a plurality of support ribs 407, which are arranged in a matrix.

[0075] Among them, combined Figures 11-14 As shown, the sleeve portion 402 is a sleeve frame 408, which is sleeved on the middle portion 302. The rotating portion 403 is a rotating shaft 409, and the output end of the rotating shaft 409 is connected to the sleeve frame 408. The pushing portion 404 is a pushing hydraulic cylinder 410, which is fixed inside the sleeve frame 408 and its other end is connected to the arc-shaped support frame 405 through the rotating shaft 409.

[0076] Furthermore, combining Figure 7 As shown, the main beam 3 includes a front section 303 that can serve as a front part 301, a middle section 304 that can serve as a middle part 302, and a rear section 305 that can serve as a rear part 306. The front section 303, the middle section 304, and the rear section 305 are connected by welding or bolts. In addition, the middle section 304 can act as a slide rail, and the sleeve part 402 can slide on the middle section 304 along the extension direction of the middle section 304.

[0077] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the tunnel boring machine also includes a second support assembly; the second support assembly includes an upper support part 501 and a lower support part. Specifically, the upper support part 501 and the lower support part are both located at the front part 301 and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the front part 301, such that the upper support part 501 supports the upper sidewall of the tunnel and the lower support part supports the lower sidewall of the tunnel.

[0078] Furthermore, combined Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper support portion 501 includes an upper support plate 503 and an upper hydraulic cylinder 504; the upper support plate 503 is fixed to the front portion 301 of the main beam 3 by the upper hydraulic cylinder 504. Optionally, two upper hydraulic cylinders 504 are provided, and the two upper hydraulic cylinders 504 are connected to the upper support plate 503 at intervals, and can simultaneously drive the upper support plate 503 to move in a direction away from or close to the main beam 3.

[0079] Furthermore, the lower support portion includes a lower support plate and a lower hydraulic cylinder; the lower support plate is fixed to the front part 301 of the main beam 3 via the lower hydraulic cylinder. Optionally, two lower hydraulic cylinders are provided, which are connected to the lower support plate at intervals and can simultaneously drive the lower support plate to move in a direction away from or towards the main beam 3. It should be noted that the structure of the lower support portion is the same as that of the upper support portion, and therefore is not shown in the figure, which is understandable to those skilled in the art.

[0080] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 15 As shown, a rear portion 306 is formed at the end of the main beam 3 at the middle portion 302 away from the front portion 301; a third support component 6 is provided on the rear portion 306; the third support component includes a rear support portion 601; the rear support portion 601 is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the rear portion 306 about the axis of the rear portion 306; the rear support portion 601 extends toward the ground to support the rear portion 306.

[0081] Specifically, the rear support 601 includes a rear support plate 602 and a rear hydraulic cylinder 603. The rear support plate 602 abuts against the tunnel floor and is fixed to the rear part 306 of the main beam 3 by the rear hydraulic cylinder 603. In actual use, since the rear support plate 602 abuts against the tunnel floor, the height of the rear part 306 of the main beam 3 can be adjusted by driving the extension and retraction of the rear hydraulic cylinder 603. In conjunction with adjusting the first support component 4 and the second support component, the overall height of the main beam 3 can be adjusted, thereby excavating a larger tunnel.

[0082] It is worth noting that the tunnel formed by the excavation includes an upper sidewall, a lower sidewall, a left sidewall, and a right sidewall; the upper support 501 can support the upper sidewall, the lower support can support the lower sidewall, the first support 401 can support the left sidewall and the right sidewall respectively, and the rear support 601 can support the lower sidewall.

[0083] In summary, during the actual tunneling process, the first support component 4, the second support component, and the third support component will be driven as follows:

[0084] Step 100: First, the upper hydraulic cylinder 504 drives the upper support plate 503 to support the upper side wall, and the lower hydraulic cylinder drives the lower support plate to support the lower side wall, so that the front part 301 of the main beam 3 is supported and fixed; the rear hydraulic cylinder 603 drives the rear support plate 602 to support the lower side wall, so that the rear part 306 of the main beam 3 is supported and fixed; at this time, the first support assembly 4 is in an unused state, that is, in an unsupported state. Then the cutting assembly begins to excavate the first area.

[0085] Step 200: When the first area is excavated and the second area needs to be excavated, the first hydraulic cylinder drives the arc-shaped support plate 406 to extend and support the left and right side walls, i.e., the arc-shaped support plate 406 supports the middle section 304. Then, the upper hydraulic cylinder 504 drives the upper support plate 503 to loosen against the upper side wall, and the lower hydraulic cylinder drives the lower support plate to loosen against the lower side wall, so that the front part 301 of the main beam 3 is in a suspended state. Then, the rear hydraulic cylinder 603 drives the rear support plate 602 to loosen against the lower side wall, so that the rear part 306 of the main beam 3 is in a suspended state; that is, at this time only the middle section 304 is supported by the left and right side walls. Next, the hydraulic cylinder 410 is extended. During this extension, the hydraulic cylinder 410 is connected to the arc-shaped support plate 406, which is fixed to the left and right side walls. Furthermore, the arc-shaped support plate 406 is slidably mounted on the middle section 304 via the sleeve frame 408. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder 410 extends, the middle section 304 moves forward. This forward movement of the middle section 304 drives the front section 303 forward, thereby driving the main beam 3 to move forward as a whole, allowing the cutting assembly to move to the second area. Then, the upper hydraulic cylinder 504 drives the upper support plate 503 to support the upper side wall, and the lower hydraulic cylinder drives the lower support plate to support the lower side wall, thus fixing the front part 301 of the main beam 3. The rear hydraulic cylinder 603 drives the rear support plate 602 to support the lower side wall, thus fixing the rear part 306 of the main beam 3. Finally, the cutting assembly begins excavation into the second area.

[0086] It is worth noting that when the cutterhead assembly 1 needs to be in a tilted or overhead view for tunneling, the first support 401 is firmly abutted against the roadway, which restricts the rotation of the main beam 3 and the tilted or overhead view of the cutterhead assembly 1. To solve this technical problem, this application cleverly sets up a rotating shaft 409. The output end of the extended hydraulic cylinder (since the extended part and the extended hydraulic cylinder are inside and not visible, they are not labeled; furthermore, this component is understood by those skilled in the art and is therefore not labeled) is connected to the first support 401 through the rotating shaft 409. So when the cutterhead assembly 1 is in a tilted or overhead view, the rotating shaft 409 and the first support 401 can rotate relative to each other. That is, under the action of the cutterhead assembly 1, the rotating shaft 409 can rotate relative to the first support 401. During the rotation, the main beam 3 will rotate along with it, so that the cutterhead assembly 1 is in a tilted or overhead view.

[0087] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 1 As shown, a cover 207 is also provided at the meshing point of the toothed ring and the sprocket. The cover 207 can prevent external sand and gravel from entering the meshing point of the toothed ring and the sprocket to a certain extent. It is worth noting that the cover 207 is a certain distance away from the meshing point of the toothed ring and the sprocket, which protects and prevents sand and mud from being discharged from the meshing point.

[0088] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 7 As shown, a protruding nail 411 is provided on the outer side wall of the arc-shaped support plate 406. The protruding nail 411 can increase the gripping force between the arc-shaped support plate 406 and the left and right side walls.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] This application also provides a fully mechanized coal mining system, including the aforementioned tunnel boring machine.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, Including the cutter head assembly and the drive assembly; The cutter head assembly has a cutting section and a rotary support section connected to the cutting section; the drive assembly has a drive section and a sprocket connected to the drive section; A toothed ring is provided at one end of the slewing support near the drive assembly. The toothed ring has meshing portions arranged in a ring at intervals. The pitch of the toothed ring is the same as the tooth pitch of the sprocket, so that the meshing portions mesh with the sprocket. When the drive unit drives the sprocket to rotate, the cutting unit can be driven to rotate through the toothed ring; The tooth thickness of the sprocket is less than the distance between the adjacent meshing portions, such that when the tooth tip of the sprocket meshes with the meshing portion, a first conductive gap is formed between the tooth tip of the sprocket and the adjacent meshing portion, and the first conductive gap is used to discharge mud and sand.

2. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sprocket's dimension in its axial direction is smaller than that of the toothed ring in its axial direction, such that when the tooth tip of the sprocket engages with the meshing part, the meshing part and the sprocket form a second conductive gap in the axial direction, the second conductive gap being used to discharge mud and sand.

3. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the tooth tip of the sprocket engages with the meshing part, a third conductive gap is formed between the tooth root of the sprocket and the wall surface of the meshing part near the tooth root of the sprocket. The third conductive gap is used to discharge mud and sand.

4. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch of the toothed ring and the tooth pitch of the sprocket are both set between 70mm and 90mm.

5. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tunnel boring machine also includes a main beam and a first support assembly; the main beam is divided into a front section and a middle section along the axial direction of the cutterhead assembly; The cutter head assembly and the drive assembly are both located at the front, and the first support assembly is located at the middle. The first support assembly has a first support portion, an extension portion, a rotating portion, and a propulsion portion; the output end of the extension portion is connected to the rotating portion, and the first support portion is connected to the end of the rotating portion opposite to the extension portion; The second sidewall of the first support is connected to the front part through the propulsion part, so that the first support is supported on the sidewall of the tunnel.

6. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tunnel boring machine also includes a second support assembly; The second support component includes an upper support portion and a lower support portion; the upper support portion and the lower support portion are both disposed at the front portion and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the front portion, such that the upper support portion supports the upper sidewall of the tunnel and the lower support portion supports the lower sidewall of the tunnel.

7. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, A rear portion is also formed at one end of the main beam opposite to the front portion in the middle; a third support component is provided on the rear portion; The third support component includes a rear support portion; the rear support portion is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the rear portion about the axis of the rear portion; the rear support portion extends toward the ground to support the rear portion.

8. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting section includes a cutting disc, a roller cutter, and a scraper; the cutting disc has a cutting surface; at least one of the roller cutters is disposed at the center of the cutting surface and extends along a preset direction, and the remaining roller cutters are arranged at intervals on the cutting surface; the scraper is disposed at a preset angle on the edge of the cutting surface.

9. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit includes multiple drive motors, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the output ends of the multiple drive motors are all connected to the inner ring of the gear ring through the sprocket.

10. A fully mechanized coal mining system, characterized in that, Includes the tunnel boring machine as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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