Anti-breakdown vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-breakdown vacuum arc extinguish chamber, which belongs to the technical field of power switches and comprises an arc extinguish chamber cavity, a static conducting rod is arranged at the top end of the arc extinguish chamber cavity, a movable conducting rod is arranged at the bottom end of the arc extinguish chamber cavity, and a static contact is arranged at one end of the static conducting rod inside the arc extinguish chamber cavity. The static contact and the moving contact are in the shape of combination of a cylinder and a cone and are made of silver-nickel alloy materials, when the arc extinguish chamber is used, the static contact and the moving contact are in the shape of combination of the cylinder and the cone, the area of the contacts can be enlarged, the electric field distribution of the contacts can be improved, and the service life of the arc extinguish chamber can be prolonged. The electric field distribution is more uniform, the creepage distance of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is greatly increased through the annular groove formed in the surface of the cavity shell, the risk of electrical breakdown is reduced, and the anti-breakdown capability of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power switch technology, and more specifically to a breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter. Background Technology

[0002] A vacuum interrupter, also known as a vacuum switch tube, is a core component of medium- and high-voltage power switches, and its technical performance directly affects the safety and reliability of the power system. Based on the excellent insulation and arc-extinguishing characteristics of the high-vacuum medium, this device has become the preferred arc-extinguishing solution for power systems with voltage levels of 12-40.5kV. Its main function is to rapidly extinguish the arc and suppress current after the medium- and high-voltage circuit is disconnected, preventing accidents and incidents, thanks to the excellent insulation of the vacuum inside the tube. It is mainly used in power transmission and distribution control systems, and also in power distribution systems in metallurgy, mining, petroleum, chemical, railway, broadcasting, communications, and industrial high-frequency heating. It features energy saving, material saving, fire resistance, explosion protection, small size, long service life, low maintenance costs, reliable operation, and no pollution.

[0003] However, during long-term use, vacuum interrupters may experience breakdown due to the metal vapor generated after voltage is applied or the release of adsorbed gases from the contacts, thus affecting normal operation. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a breakdown-proof vacuum interrupter to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that, during long-term use, vacuum interrupters experience breakdown due to the release of adsorbed gases from metal vapors or contacts after the application of voltage, thus affecting normal operation. Therefore, this invention provides a breakdown-proof vacuum interrupter.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter includes an interrupter chamber. A stationary conductive rod is provided in the upper part of the interrupter chamber, and a movable conductive rod is provided in the bottom part. A stationary contact is provided at one end of the stationary conductive rod inside the interrupter chamber, and a movable contact is provided at one end of the movable conductive rod inside the interrupter chamber. The stationary contact and the movable contact have the same structure, each including a cylindrical part and a frustum part that are fixedly connected. The frustum parts of the stationary contact and the movable contact are arranged opposite to each other. Several heat dissipation ribs are provided on the outer wall surfaces of both the stationary contact and the movable contact.

[0007] Furthermore, both the stationary and moving contacts are coated with an arc-suppressing coating on their outer surfaces.

[0008] Furthermore, the stationary and moving contacts are made of silver-nickel alloy.

[0009] Furthermore, the frustum portion of the stationary contact and the frustum portion of the moving contact have chamfered edges.

[0010] Furthermore, the arc-extinguishing chamber includes a shell, and the surface of the shell is provided with several equidistant annular grooves.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-section of the annular groove is L-shaped.

[0012] Furthermore, the static conductive rod has a static conductive head at one end located outside the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity, and a static cover plate is provided on the top of the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable conductive rod has a movable conductive head at one end located outside the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity, and a movable cover plate is provided at the bottom of the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity. The arc-extinguishing chamber cavity is composed of a cavity shell, a stationary cover plate, and a movable cover plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer shell of the cavity is made of ceramic material.

[0015] Furthermore, the static conductive head, static conductive rod, moving conductive head, and moving conductive rod are all made of copper-chromium.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] The stationary and moving contacts of this invention are a combination of cylindrical and conical shapes, which can increase the contact area, improve the electric field distribution of the contacts during use, make the electric field distribution more uniform, and make the electric field change gradually, avoiding a sharp increase in the electric field. Furthermore, the gradually changing shapes of the stationary and moving contacts help to smooth the distribution of the electric field, thereby greatly reducing the probability of breakdown and improving the withstand voltage performance.

[0018] Furthermore, by providing heat dissipation ribs on the outer surfaces of both the stationary and moving contacts, the temperature of the contacts can be effectively reduced, thermal decay can be minimized, the service life of the contacts can be extended, local thermal stress can be reduced, and the probability of breakdown can be lowered.

[0019] Furthermore, the annular grooves on the surface of the cavity shell greatly increase the creepage distance of the vacuum interrupter, reduce the risk of electrical breakdown, and improve the breakdown protection capability of the vacuum interrupter.

[0020] Furthermore, the edges of the frustum portion of the stationary contact and the frustum portion of the moving contact are chamfered to reduce the probability of tip discharge and effectively prevent the generation of dangerous sparks. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the cavity shell structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the cavity shell structure of this utility model.

[0025] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Arc-extinguishing chamber cavity; 2. Cavity shell; 21. Annular groove; 3. Stationary cover plate; 4. Stationary conductive rod; 41. Stationary conductive head; 42. Stationary contact; 5. Moving cover plate; 6. Moving conductive rod; 61. Moving conductive head; 62. Moving contact; 7. Heat dissipation ribs. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of the utility model will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show several embodiments of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the utility model more thorough and comprehensive.

[0027] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or may be interposed with another element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or may be interposed with another element. The terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., used herein to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] This utility model provides a breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1-4As shown, the device includes an arc-extinguishing chamber 1, a stationary conductive rod 4, and a moving conductive rod 6. The arc-extinguishing chamber 1 contains the stationary conductive rod 4 and the moving conductive rod 6. The stationary conductive rod 4 is located above the moving conductive rod 6, with its upper end extending out of the arc-extinguishing chamber 1 and its lower end extending out of the bottom of the arc-extinguishing chamber 1. A stationary contact 42 is fixed to one end of the stationary conductive rod 4 inside the arc-extinguishing chamber 1, and a moving contact 62 is fixed to one end of the moving conductive rod 6 inside the arc-extinguishing chamber 1. The stationary contact 42 and the moving contact 62 have the same shape, which is a combination of a cylinder and a cone, and they are made of silver-nickel alloy.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 The stationary contact 42 includes a first cylindrical portion and a first frustum portion fixedly connected. The first cylindrical portion is located above the first frustum portion. The upper radius r1 of the first frustum portion is equal to the radius r0 of the first cylindrical portion. The upper radius r1 of the first frustum portion is less than the lower radius R1 of the first frustum portion. The moving contact 62 includes a second cylindrical portion and a second frustum portion fixedly connected. The second cylindrical portion is located below the second frustum portion. The lower radius r2 of the second frustum portion is equal to the radius r3 of the second cylindrical portion. The upper radius R2 of the second frustum portion is greater than the lower radius r2 of the second frustum portion. The lower radius of the first frustum portion is equal to the upper radius R2 of the second frustum portion.

[0031] Because this combination of frustum and cylinder can make the electric field distribution more uniform, the lower edge of the first frustum and the upper edge of the second frustum are chamfered to avoid the local enhancement of the electric field caused by sharp angles, and to prevent the electric field from increasing sharply. The gradual shape helps to smooth the distribution of the electric field and prevents the local electric field intensity from being too large.

[0032] Both the stationary contact 42 and the moving contact 62 are coated with an arc-suppressing coating. The coating is silver-based and has good electrical and thermal conductivity. It can effectively suppress the arc and reduce the contact temperature, thereby reducing wear on the contact surface when the arc is generated and improving the breakdown resistance.

[0033] Both the stationary contact 42 and the moving contact 62 have several equally spaced heat dissipation ribs 7 on their outer wall surfaces, which can effectively increase the heat dissipation area and accelerate the heat conduction from the contact surface to the surrounding environment. With the increase in heat dissipation area, the contact can cool down faster and reduce overheating. The ribs on the contact surface increase the contact area with the air or surrounding medium, forming thermal convection, which helps to remove heat more efficiently, reduce local temperature rise, prevent the contact material from thermal breakdown or degradation due to overheating, ensure the stability and reliability of the contact under high current conditions, and reduce the possibility of arcing.

[0034] Further, refer to, 2 to Figure 4The arc-extinguishing chamber 1 includes a chamber shell 2. The surface of the chamber shell 2 is provided with several equally spaced annular grooves 21. The cross-section of the grooves 21 is L-shaped. The chamber shell 2 is made of ceramic material, and the outer wall of the chamber shell 2 is processed into a cylindrical body with a T-shaped groove. When in use, the chamber shell 2 is an integral external structure, which increases the creepage distance of the vacuum extinguishing chamber and reduces the risk of electrical breakdown.

[0035] Furthermore, a static conductive head 41 is provided at one end of the static conductive rod 4 located outside the arc-extinguishing chamber 1, and a static cover plate 3 is provided on the top of the arc-extinguishing chamber 1.

[0036] Furthermore, the movable conductive rod 6 is provided with a movable conductive head 61 at one end outside the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity 1, and a movable cover plate 5 is provided at the bottom of the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity 1. The arc-extinguishing chamber cavity 1 is composed of a cavity shell 2, a static cover plate 3 and a movable cover plate 5.

[0037] Furthermore, the stationary conductive head 41, the stationary conductive rod 4, the moving conductive head 61, and the moving conductive rod 6 are all made of copper-chromium, which improves the overall pressure resistance of the vacuum interrupter during use.

[0038] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: During use, when discharging, the stationary contact 42 and the moving contact 62 are a combination of cylindrical and conical shapes, which expands the contact area and improves the electric field distribution of the contacts. This makes the electric field distribution more uniform and avoids the phenomenon of local electric field enhancement caused by sharp angles. By designing the geometric shape of the contacts to gradually transition, the electric field can gradually change, and the gradual shape can prevent the electric field strength from being too large in a certain area, thereby effectively improving the contact's arc resistance performance, thus greatly reducing the probability of breakdown and improving the withstand voltage performance. At the same time, the stationary contact 42 and the moving contact 62 are made of silver-nickel alloy, which has good conductivity and wear resistance. This can effectively reduce the temperature rise when the arc is generated and prevent the contact material from being broken down due to local overheating. This can effectively reduce the current density and the electric field strength. In addition, these materials can also improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the contacts, extend the service life of the equipment, and help improve the breakdown resistance. By providing heat dissipation ribs 7 on the outer surfaces of both the stationary contact 42 and the moving contact 62, the temperature of the contacts can be effectively reduced, thermal decay can be reduced, the service life of the contacts can be improved, local thermal stress can be reduced, the probability of breakdown can be reduced, and the possibility of arcing can be reduced.

[0039] The term "constituting of" in describing a combination should include the identified elements, components, parts, or steps, as well as other elements, components, parts, or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novel features of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, parts, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that are essentially composed of such elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of the term "may" herein is intended to indicate that any described attribute included by "may" is optional.

[0040] Multiple elements, components, parts, or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part, or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part, or step can be divided into multiple separate elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of "a" or "an" to describe an element, component, part, or step does not imply the exclusion of other elements, components, parts, or steps.

[0041] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. Many embodiments and applications beyond the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of this teaching should not be determined by reference to the above description, but rather by reference to the foregoing claims and the full scope of their equivalents. For purposes of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not intended as a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be construed as an indication that the applicant has not considered that subject matter as part of the disclosed utility model subject matter.

Claims

1. A breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter, comprising an interrupter chamber cavity (1), characterized in that: The upper part of the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity (1) is provided with a stationary conductive rod (4), and the bottom part is provided with a moving conductive rod (6). The stationary conductive rod (4) is provided with a stationary contact (42) at one end inside the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity (1), and the moving conductive rod (6) is provided with a moving contact (62) at one end inside the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity (1). The stationary contact (42) and the moving contact (62) have the same structure, both including a cylindrical part and a frustum part that are fixedly connected. The frustum part of the stationary contact (42) and the frustum part of the moving contact (62) are arranged opposite to each other. The outer wall surfaces of the stationary contact (42) and the moving contact (62) are provided with several heat dissipation ribs (7).

2. The anti-breakdown vacuum interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of both the stationary contact (42) and the moving contact (62) are coated with an arc-suppressing coating.

3. The anti-breakdown vacuum interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stationary contact (42) and the moving contact (62) are made of silver-nickel alloy.

4. The anti-breakdown vacuum interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frustum portion of the stationary contact (42) and the edge portion of the frustum portion of the moving contact (62) have chamfers.

5. A breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-extinguishing chamber (1) includes a chamber shell (2), and the surface of the chamber shell (2) is provided with a plurality of equally spaced annular grooves (21).

6. A breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-section of the annular groove (21) is L-shaped.

7. A breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static conductive rod (4) is provided with a static conductive head (41) at one end outside the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity (1), and a static cover plate (3) is provided on the top of the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity (1).

8. A breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The moving conductive rod (6) is provided with a moving conductive head (61) at one end outside the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity (1). The bottom of the arc-extinguishing chamber cavity (1) is provided with a moving cover plate (5). The arc-extinguishing chamber cavity (1) is composed of a cavity shell (2), a static cover plate (3) and a moving cover plate (5).

9. A breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer shell (2) of the cavity is made of ceramic material.

10. A breakdown-resistant vacuum interrupter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The static conductive head (41), static conductive rod (4), moving conductive head (61) and moving conductive rod (6) are all made of copper-chromium.

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