Battery pack and box body assembly thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack and a box body assembly thereof, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The box body assembly comprises a main body, wherein an accommodating cavity for accommodating a single battery is formed in the main body; wherein two opposite ends of the main body are respectively a first end part and a second end part, and when the box body assembly is mounted on a vehicle, the first end part is close to the front end of the vehicle relative to the second end part. The box body assembly further comprises a protection piece, the protection piece is connected to the outer wall face of the first end portion, the protection piece is provided with a guiding inclined face, and the guiding inclined face is configured to guide the first end portion to be lifted when being impacted by an external obstacle. In this way, the structural reliability and stability of the battery pack can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery pack and its housing assembly. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, new energy vehicles are prone to head-on collisions with the front of the battery pack from obstacles, followed by scraping the entire bottom of the battery pack against the obstacle. When driving on uneven roads, the bottom of the battery pack may be impacted vertically by road bumps, stones, or other obstacles. These factors make the battery pack susceptible to damage from external obstacle impacts, which can compress the internal liquid cooling plate and individual cells, potentially leading to problems such as liquid cooling plate rupture and leakage, and individual cells short-circuiting and catching fire due to compression. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a battery pack and its housing assembly, which helps to ensure the structural reliability and stability of the battery pack.

[0004] This application provides a battery pack housing assembly. The housing assembly includes a main body with an internal cavity for accommodating individual battery cells. The main body has a first end and a second end at opposite ends, and when the housing assembly is installed in a vehicle, the first end is positioned closer to the front of the vehicle than the second end. The housing assembly also includes a protective member connected to the outer wall of the first end, and the protective member has a guide ramp configured to guide the first end to lift upon impact with an external obstacle.

[0005] In one embodiment of this application, at least a portion of the guide ramp is located at the bottom of the body.

[0006] In one embodiment of this application, the protective member includes: a first protective part connected to a wall surface of a first end facing away from a second end; and a second protective part located at the bottom of the main body, wherein the surface of the second protective part facing away from the main body has a guiding slope.

[0007] In one embodiment of this application, the angle between the guide slope and the outer bottom wall of the main body is θ, which satisfies: 5°≤θ≤30°.

[0008] In one embodiment of this application, the housing assembly further includes a support bracket disposed in the accommodating cavity, and a buffer cavity is provided between the support bracket and the bottom plate of the main body.

[0009] In one embodiment of this application, the housing assembly has intersecting first and second directions, and the support bracket and the base plate are distributed along the first direction; the support bracket includes: a first support portion, with a first buffer cavity between the first support portion and the base plate; and a second support portion, the first support portion and the second support portion being connected in the second direction, and a second buffer cavity between the second support portion and the base plate, wherein the size of the first buffer cavity in the first direction is larger than the size of the second buffer cavity in the first direction.

[0010] In one embodiment of this application, the first support portion has a first surface facing away from the bottom plate, and the second support portion has a second surface facing away from the bottom plate. The second surface is closer to the bottom plate than the first surface, such that the side of the second support portion facing away from the bottom plate has a clearance groove. The housing assembly further includes a heat exchange plate, which is disposed on the side of the support bracket facing away from the bottom plate, and at least a portion of the heat exchange plate is accommodated in the clearance groove.

[0011] In one embodiment of this application, the heat exchange plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion. The first plate portion is stacked on the side of the second plate portion away from the support bracket. The first plate portion is connected to the support bracket. At least a portion of the second plate portion is accommodated in a clearance groove.

[0012] In one embodiment of this application, there are multiple support brackets, and each support bracket is spaced apart in the accommodating cavity; the housing assembly also includes a buffer member, which is disposed between two adjacent support brackets.

[0013] Accordingly, this application also provides a battery pack, including a single battery cell and a housing assembly as described in the above embodiments, wherein the single battery cell is housed in a housing cavity of the housing assembly.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Unlike the prior art, this application provides a battery pack and its housing assembly. The housing assembly includes a main body and a protective member. The interior of the main body is used to accommodate individual battery cells. The protective member is connected to the outer wall surface of a first end of the main body. The protective member has a guiding ramp, which is configured to guide the first end to lift up when impacted by an external obstacle. In other words, when the battery pack of this application is impacted by an external obstacle, the guiding ramp of the protective member can guide the front end of the housing assembly to lift up, making the housing assembly away from the ground, reducing the contact between the housing assembly and the obstacle, reducing the impact force on the housing assembly, and helping to ensure the structural reliability and stability of the battery pack.

[0015] Furthermore, the protective component of this application is integrated into the housing assembly of the battery pack, which can improve the structural integration of the housing assembly and avoid the protective component being placed in other locations in the vehicle besides the battery pack, thus affecting the layout space of other components. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the battery pack housing assembly of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the box assembly shown.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A side view of the box assembly shown.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of area A of the housing component.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the housing assembly without the heat exchange plate.

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the box assembly along the BB direction;

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of area C of the housing component.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the support bracket of this application.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 10-Box assembly; 11-Main body; 111-Accommodation cavity; 112-First end; 113-Second end; 114-Base plate; 12-Protective component; 121-Guide ramp; 122-First protective part; 123-Second protective part; 13-Support bracket; 131-Buffer cavity; 132-First support part; 133-First buffer cavity; 134-Second support part; 135-Second buffer cavity; 136-First surface; 137-Second surface; 138-Allowing groove; 14-Heat exchange plate; 141-First plate part; 142-Second plate part; 15-Buffer component; Z-First direction; X-Second direction; Y-Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," and "right" generally refer to up, down, left, and right in the actual use or working state of the device, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," "stacked," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] This application provides a battery pack and its housing assembly, which will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the order of description of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the following embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis; parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to in the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0030] To address the technical problem of battery packs being easily damaged by impacts from external obstacles in the prior art, one embodiment of this application provides a battery pack housing assembly. The housing assembly includes a main body with an internal cavity for accommodating individual battery cells. The main body has a first end and a second end at opposite ends, and when the housing assembly is installed in a vehicle, the first end is positioned closer to the front of the vehicle than the second end. The housing assembly also includes a protective member connected to the outer wall surface of the first end, and the protective member has a guiding ramp configured to guide the first end to lift upon impact with an external obstacle. This will be described in detail below.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the battery pack housing assembly of this application. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a top view of the box assembly.

[0032] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes individual battery cells and a housing assembly 10, with the individual battery cells housed within the housing assembly 10. Individual battery cells include, but are not limited to, lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and this disclosure does not limit the specific types. The battery pack provides power to an electrical device. The electrical device can be a mobile phone, portable device, laptop computer, electric vehicle, electric car, ship, spacecraft, electric toy, or power tool, etc. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft; electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys; power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.

[0033] In one embodiment, the housing assembly 10 has a first direction Z, a second direction X, and a third direction Y, which intersect each other. The first direction Z, the second direction X, and the third direction Y can be perpendicular to each other. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the included angles between each pair of the first direction Z, the second direction X, and the third direction Y can be 85° to 95°. The first direction Z is the vertical direction.

[0034] The housing assembly 10 includes a main body 11. The interior of the main body 11 has a receiving cavity 111 for accommodating a single battery cell. The main body 11 has a first end 112 and a second end 113 at opposite ends in the third direction Y. When the housing assembly 10 is installed in a vehicle, the first end 112 is closer to the front end of the vehicle than the second end 113; that is, the first end 112 is the front end of the main body 11, and the second end 113 is the rear end of the main body 11.

[0035] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 4 The housing assembly 10 also includes a protective member 12. The protective member 12 is connected to the outer wall surface of the first end 112. The protective member 12 has a guide ramp 121, which is configured to guide the first end 112 to lift when impacted by an external obstacle. In this embodiment, when the battery pack is impacted by an external obstacle, the guide ramp 121 of the protective member 12 can guide the front end of the housing assembly 10 to lift, thus moving the housing assembly 10 away from the ground, reducing contact between the housing assembly 10 and the obstacle, reducing the impact force on the housing assembly 10, and helping to ensure the structural reliability and stability of the battery pack. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the protective member 12 is integrated into the housing assembly 10 of the battery pack, which can improve the structural integration of the housing assembly 10 and avoid the protective member 12 being placed in other locations in the vehicle besides the battery pack, thus avoiding affecting the arrangement space of other components.

[0036] Adding an extra bottom protector to the battery pack to enhance its protection is a costly approach. This extra protector adds significant weight to the battery pack, hindering lightweight design and increasing costs. Furthermore, the battery pack's compact vertical layout means that adding a bottom protector reduces the gap between the bottom of the pack and the individual cells, increasing the risk of obstacles intruding and damaging critical components like individual cells.

[0037] In one embodiment, at least a portion of the guide ramp 121 is located at the bottom of the main body 11. This allows the guide ramp 121 to participate more directly in force guidance when the battery pack is impacted by an external obstacle. Especially when the obstacle just makes contact with the bottom of the battery pack, the guide ramp 121 at the bottom can promptly change the movement trend of the battery pack, enhancing the continuity of the lifting effect and preventing early contact failure due to the guide ramp 121 being positioned too high. This further improves the protective effect when the bottom of the battery pack is impacted, optimizing targeted protection for critical areas at the bottom of the battery pack.

[0038] Specifically, the protective member 12 includes a first protective portion 122 and a second protective portion 123. The first protective portion 122 is connected to the wall surface of the first end 112 facing away from the second end 113. The second protective portion 123 is located at the bottom of the main body 11, and the surface of the second protective portion 123 facing away from the main body 11 has a guiding slope 121.

[0039] The first protective part 122 is directly connected to the front wall of the first end 112, forming a protective structure for the front end of the housing assembly 10. This effectively resists the direct impact force during a frontal horizontal collision, preventing the front wall from denting or cracking due to impact, and strengthening the structural strength of the front end of the housing assembly 10, thus ensuring the structural reliability and stability of the battery pack. The second protective part 123 is located at the bottom of the main body 11 and is provided with a guide ramp 121. When the bottom of the housing assembly 10 is scraped, the guide ramp 121 guides it upwards, combining with the front protection of the first protective part 122 to form a composite protective structure of front blocking and bottom guiding lifting. The cooperation of the first protective part 122 and the second protective part 123 not only improves the front impact resistance of the housing assembly 10, but also reduces the contact between the bottom of the housing assembly 10 and obstacles through the lifting mechanism of the bottom guide ramp 121, significantly enhancing the overall protective performance of the battery pack in complex collision scenarios.

[0040] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the angle between the guide ramp 121 and the outer bottom wall of the main body 11 is θ, satisfying: 5°≤θ≤30°. The outer bottom wall of the main body 11 should be understood as the wall surface of the bottom plate 114 of the main body 11 facing away from the accommodating cavity 111. This embodiment, by reasonably setting the tilt angle of the guide ramp 121 as an optimized range balancing safety and manufacturability, can ensure that sufficient lifting force is generated during impact to reduce the contact between the bottom of the housing assembly 10 and the obstacle, while avoiding protection failure or secondary risks caused by abnormal angles. This achieves the best match between the geometric parameters of the guide ramp 121 and the protection effect, and optimizes the mechanical transmission path during collision. If the tilt angle of the guide ramp 121 is too small, it will result in insufficient lifting force, making it difficult to effectively guide the battery pack to lift; while if the tilt angle of the guide ramp 121 is too large, it may lead to excessive lifting of the battery pack or even secondary risks such as loss of vehicle attitude control.

[0041] Optionally, the material of the protective component 12 can be 420 / 780DP high-strength steel, etc., and there is no limitation here.

[0042] Please refer to the following: Figures 5 to 7 , Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the housing assembly omitting the heat exchange plate. Figure 6 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the housing assembly along the BB direction. Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of area C of the housing component.

[0043] In one embodiment, the housing assembly 10 further includes a support bracket 13. The support bracket 13 is disposed in the receiving cavity 111, and the support bracket 13 and the base plate 114 of the main body 11 are distributed along a first direction Z. The support bracket 13 can be welded to the base plate 114 by spot welding or other methods. A buffer cavity 131 is provided between the support bracket 13 and the base plate 114. In other words, a buffer cavity 131 is formed between the support bracket 13 and the base plate 114 in the first direction Z, and the buffer cavity 131 serves as a buffer space for the base plate 114 of the housing assembly 10 to deform under impact from obstacles and for obstacles to intrude.

[0044] In this way, the support bracket 13 increases the vertical distance between the base plate 114 of the main body 11 and key components such as the liquid cooling plate and individual cells inside the battery pack through structural support, providing more buffer space for obstacle intrusion. Furthermore, the buffer cavity 131 reduces the transmission of impact force to internal components when the base plate 114 is impacted, lowering the risk of liquid cooling plate rupture and leakage or individual cell short circuit due to compression. It also avoids the weight and cost issues caused by adding an extra bottom protective plate, achieving a lightweight protective design through structural optimization.

[0045] Specifically, please refer to the following: Figure 8 The support bracket 13 includes a first support portion 132 and a second support portion 134. The first support portion 132 and the second support portion 134 are connected in the second direction X, and the support bracket 13 extends as a whole along the second direction X. A first buffer cavity 133 is formed between the first support portion 132 and the base plate 114 of the main body 11, and a second buffer cavity 135 is formed between the second support portion 134 and the base plate 114. The dimension of the first buffer cavity 133 in the first direction Z is larger than the dimension of the second buffer cavity 135 in the first direction Z. Optionally, the dimension of the first buffer cavity 133 in the first direction Z can be 9mm to 15mm, and the dimension of the second buffer cavity 135 in the first direction Z can be 6mm to 10mm, which is not limited here.

[0046] In one embodiment, the first support portion 132 has a first surface 136 facing away from the base plate 114, and the second support portion 134 has a second surface 137 facing away from the base plate 114. The second surface 137 is closer to the base plate 114 than the first surface 136, such that the side of the second support portion 134 facing away from the base plate 114 has a clearance groove 138. The housing assembly 10 also includes a heat exchange plate 14, which is disposed on the side of the support bracket 13 facing away from the base plate 114, and at least a portion of the heat exchange plate 14 is accommodated in the clearance groove 138. The heat exchange plate 14 can be the liquid cooling plate described above, and of course, the heat exchange plate 14 can also be used in the case of heating a single battery cell, which is not limited here.

[0047] In this embodiment, the top of the second support portion 134 is recessed to form a clearance groove 138, providing embedded installation space for the heat exchange plate 14. This is the reason why the second buffer cavity 135 has a smaller size in the first direction Z. A compact layout of the heat exchange plate 14 and the support bracket 13 is achieved without significantly increasing the vertical height of the housing assembly 10. Furthermore, reducing the space occupied by the heat exchange plate 14 helps ensure the energy density of the battery pack.

[0048] Furthermore, the heat exchange plate 14 includes a first plate portion 141 and a second plate portion 142. The first plate portion 141 is stacked on the side of the second plate portion 142 away from the support bracket 13, that is, the first plate portion 141 is located above the second plate portion 142. The first plate portion 141 is connected to the support bracket 13, and at least a portion of the second plate portion 142 is accommodated in the clearance groove 138.

[0049] Please continue to refer to 1 and 2 Figure 5 In one embodiment, there are multiple support brackets 13, which are spaced apart in the receiving cavity 111. Specifically, the support brackets 13 may be spaced apart along the third direction Y. The housing assembly 10 also includes a buffer member 15. In the third direction Y, the buffer member 15 is disposed between two adjacent support brackets 13.

[0050] In this embodiment, by incorporating a buffer 15, a sharp object is quickly wrapped around itself when it penetrates the battery pack. This increases friction and resistance, preventing the object from penetrating further and effectively protecting critical components such as the heat exchange plate 14 and individual cells from damage. Furthermore, the design of multiple support brackets 13 forms a grid-like support structure, significantly improving the overall rigidity of the housing assembly 10 and reducing bottom dents caused by localized impacts. The combination of support brackets 13 and buffer 15 in this embodiment not only enhances the impact resistance of the battery pack bottom but also reduces the impact vibration on internal components through the damping effect of the buffer 15, further improving the battery pack's safety under extreme operating conditions.

[0051] In summary, this application provides a battery pack and its housing assembly. The housing assembly includes a main body and a protective member. The interior of the main body is used to house individual battery cells. The protective member is connected to the outer wall surface of a first end of the main body. The protective member has a guiding ramp configured to guide the first end to lift when impacted by an external obstacle. In other words, when the battery pack of this application is impacted by an external obstacle, the guiding ramp of the protective member can guide the front end of the housing assembly to lift, thereby moving the housing assembly away from the ground, reducing the contact between the housing assembly and the obstacle, reducing the impact force on the housing assembly, and helping to ensure the structural reliability and stability of the battery pack.

[0052] Furthermore, the protective component of this application is integrated into the housing assembly of the battery pack, which can improve the structural integration of the housing assembly and avoid the protective component being placed in other locations in the vehicle besides the battery pack, thus affecting the layout space of other components.

[0053] The battery pack and its housing assembly provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack's box assembly, characterized by, The box assembly comprises: a main body, an inner portion of the main body having a receiving cavity for receiving a single battery; wherein opposite ends of the main body are a first end portion and a second end portion, respectively, the first end portion being closer to a front end of a vehicle relative to the second end portion when the box assembly is installed on the vehicle; and a protection member connected to an outer wall surface of the first end portion, the protection member having a guide slope configured to guide the first end portion to lift up when impacted by an external obstacle.

2. The box assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the guide slope is located at a bottom portion of the main body.

3. The box assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protection member comprises: a first protection portion connected to a wall surface of the first end portion facing away from the second end portion; and a second protection portion located at the bottom portion of the main body, a surface of the second protection portion facing away from the main body having the guide slope.

4. The box assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an included angle between the guide slope and an outer bottom wall of the main body is θ, satisfying 5°≤θ≤30°.

5. The box assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: a support bracket disposed in the receiving cavity, the support bracket and a bottom plate of the main body having a buffer cavity therebetween.

6. The box assembly according to claim 5, wherein the box assembly has a first direction and a second direction intersecting each other, the support bracket and the bottom plate being distributed along the first direction; the support bracket comprises: a first support portion having a first buffer cavity between the first support portion and the bottom plate; and a second support portion connected to the first support portion in the second direction, the second support portion and the bottom plate having a second buffer cavity therebetween, wherein a size of the first buffer cavity in the first direction is greater than a size of the second buffer cavity in the first direction.

7. The box assembly according to claim 6, wherein the first support portion has a first surface facing away from the bottom plate, the second support portion has a second surface facing away from the bottom plate, the second surface being closer to the bottom plate relative to the first surface, such that a side of the second support portion facing away from the bottom plate has an avoiding groove; the box assembly further comprises: a heat exchange plate disposed at the side of the support bracket facing away from the bottom plate, at least a portion of the heat exchange plate being received in the avoiding groove.

8. The box assembly according to claim 7, wherein the heat exchange plate comprises a first plate portion and a second plate portion, the first plate portion being stacked on a side of the second plate portion away from the support bracket, the first plate portion being connected to the support bracket, at least a portion of the second plate portion being received in the avoiding groove.

9. The box assembly according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of support brackets are distributed in the receiving cavity at intervals. ​ The box assembly further comprises: a buffer member arranged between two adjacent support brackets.

10. A battery pack, characterized by, A battery pack comprising a plurality of single batteries and a box assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the single batteries are accommodated in the accommodation cavity of the box assembly.

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