Floating type hydrology and water resource surveying device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrological survey, and discloses a floating type hydrological water resource survey device which comprises a bottom plate, a cylinder body is arranged at the top of the bottom plate, a top cover is arranged at the top of the cylinder body, a supporting column is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom plate, a guide rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the supporting column, and the guide rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom plate. Kinetic energy of waves is converted into mechanical energy through the pendulum bob, then through meshing transmission of the escapement fork and the ratchet wheel, the second gear is accelerated and amplified through the first gear, and finally the micro generator is driven to generate electricity, so that the situation that an existing surveying device singly depends on solar energy is avoided, and power can still be continuously supplied to equipment in the environments such as rainy days, insufficient light or night. Meanwhile, the rectifier and the regulator in the storage box work cooperatively, it is ensured that electric energy is stably stored in the storage battery, long-acting and reliable electric power support is provided for the survey device, continuous operation of the data acquisition equipment is effectively guaranteed, and the problem of data loss caused by energy shortage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrological surveying technology, specifically a floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of water resources monitoring and management, floating hydrological and water resources surveying instruments have become an important tool for obtaining hydrological data of rivers, lakes, oceans and other water bodies due to their flexible deployment and real-time monitoring capabilities.

[0003] Existing floating hydrological surveyors rely too heavily on solar panels as their sole energy source, making their power supply highly dependent on weather conditions. On cloudy, rainy, foggy, or high-latitude regions with insufficient sunlight, the power generation efficiency of solar panels drops significantly or even fails to operate, leading to unstable power supply for the surveyors. Critical monitoring equipment may stop operating due to power outages, resulting in interrupted data acquisition and severely affecting the integrity and continuity of hydrological data. Therefore, we have introduced a floating hydrological and water resources surveyor. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a floating hydrological and water resource surveying instrument with the advantages of energy recovery and adaptive floating inflation, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] This utility model provides the following technical solution: a floating hydrological and water resource surveying instrument, comprising a base plate, a cylinder on the top of the base plate, a top cover on the top of the cylinder, a support column fixedly installed on the inner wall of the base plate, a guide rod fixedly installed on the bottom of the support column, a limit post on the outer wall of the guide rod, a box fixedly installed on the top of the support column, a guide groove on the inner wall of the base plate, an energy recovery component and an inflation component respectively installed in the inner cavity of the cylinder, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support column, a floating ball on the outer wall of the cylinder, a filter cylinder at the bottom of the base plate, and a first water pipe in the inner cavity of the filter cylinder. A water pump is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate. The outer wall of the water pump is provided with a water pipe. The energy recovery component includes a sleeve. One end of a connecting rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve. A pendulum is fixedly installed on the other end of the connecting rod. The outer wall of the first rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a sleeve and an escapement fork. The outer wall of the second rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a ratchet and a first gear. A storage box and a sample storage box are fixedly installed on the top of the base plate. A micro generator is fixedly installed on the top of the storage box. A coupling is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the output shaft of the micro generator. A third rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the coupling. A second gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: the outer wall of the connecting rod is slidably fitted to the inner wall of the guide groove, the number of the limiting posts is two, and both limiting posts are set on both sides of the outer wall of the guide rod, and the outer wall of the pendulum is slidably fitted to the outer wall of the guide rod.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: the bottom of the escape fork is interlocked with the teeth of the ratchet, the diameter of the first gear is larger than the diameter of the second gear, and the outer edge of the first gear is interlocked with the outer edge of the second gear.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: one end of the first water pipe is inserted into the inner cavity of the filter cylinder, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the water pump; one end of the second water pipe is connected to the water outlet of the water pump, and the other end is connected to the water inlet of the sample storage tank.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: the inflation component includes a corrugated telescopic tube, the outer wall of the corrugated telescopic tube is respectively provided with a stop valve and an air pipe one, the outer wall of the air pipe one is provided with a one-way valve, the outer wall of the box is provided with an air pipe two, the inner wall of the air pipe two is fixedly installed with a cross base, the inner cavity of the air pipe two is respectively provided with a ball and a spring, and the inner cavity of the guide groove is provided with a corrugated telescopic tube.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model: the corrugated telescopic tube, the air stop valve, the first air pipe, and the one-way valve are considered as a set of movable components, and there are two sets of such movable components, which are symmetrically arranged with the support column as the center. One end of the two corrugated telescopic tubes is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the connecting rod, and the other end is connected and fixed to the inner wall of the guide groove. One end of the first air pipe is connected to the air outlet of the corrugated telescopic tube, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the box. The second air pipe, the cross base, the sphere, the spring, and the floating ball are considered as a set of movable components, and there are three sets of such movable components, which are arranged in a circular array. One end of the three second air pipes is connected to the air inlet of the floating ball, and the other end is connected to the air outlet of the box. The three spheres are located at the air inlet of the second air pipe, and their diameter is larger than the opening diameter of the second air pipe. The three springs are located on one side of the spheres, and one end is connected to the spring, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the cross base.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. This floating hydrological and water resources surveyor converts the kinetic energy of waves into mechanical energy through a pendulum. The energy is then transmitted through the meshing of the escapement fork and ratchet, causing the second gear to use the speed-increasing amplification of the first gear to drive a micro generator. This avoids the existing surveyor's reliance on solar energy and allows for continuous power supply in environments such as cloudy days, insufficient sunlight, or nighttime. At the same time, the rectifier and regulator in the storage tank work together to ensure that the electrical energy is stably stored in the battery, providing long-term and reliable power support for the surveyor. This effectively ensures the continuous operation of the data acquisition equipment and avoids data loss due to energy shortages.

[0013] 2. This floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument utilizes the reciprocating motion of corrugated expansion tubes to automatically inflate the floating ball. As the connecting rod swings with the pendulum, two sets of corrugated expansion tubes alternately compress and extend. In conjunction with the opening and closing of the air stop valve and one-way valve, gas is directionally delivered to the housing and then inflated into the floating ball through the second air pipe. This allows for real-time gas replenishment when the floating ball experiences slight deflation or deformation due to frequent wave impacts, maintaining its full state and ensuring the surveying instrument maintains a stable floating posture. This effectively enhances the adaptability and reliability of the equipment in complex aquatic environments and reduces surveying errors and the risk of equipment sinking caused by unstable floating. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy recovery component structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inflatable component structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Cylinder; 3. Top cover; 4. Support column; 5. Guide rod; 6. Limiting column; 7. Box body; 8. Guide groove; 9. Energy recovery component; 10. First rotating shaft; 11. Second rotating shaft; 12. Inflating component; 13. Floating ball; 14. Filter cylinder; 15. First water pipe; 16. Water pump; 17. Second water pipe; 18. Sample storage box; 901. Sleeve; 902. Connecting rod; 9 03. Pendulum; 904. Escape fork; 905. Ratchet; 906. First gear; 907. Miniature generator; 908. Storage box; 909. Coupling; 910. Third shaft; 911. Second gear; 121. Corrugated telescopic tube; 122. Air check valve; 123. Air pipe one; 124. Check valve; 125. Air pipe two; 126. Cross base; 127. Ball; 128. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 6A floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument includes a base plate 1, a cylinder 2 on top of the base plate 1, a top cover 3 on top of the cylinder 2, a support column 4 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the base plate 1, a guide rod 5 fixedly installed on the bottom of the support column 4, a limit post 6 on the outer wall of the guide rod 5, a box 7 fixedly installed on the top of the support column 4, a guide groove 8 on the inner wall of the base plate 1, an energy recovery component 9 and an air inflation component 12 respectively installed in the inner cavity of the cylinder 2, a first rotating shaft 10 and a second rotating shaft 11 respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support column 4, a floating ball 13 on the outer wall of the cylinder 2, a filter cylinder 14 at the bottom of the base plate 1, a first water pipe 15 in the inner cavity of the filter cylinder 14, and a water pump 16 fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1. The wall is equipped with a water pipe 17. The energy recovery component 9 includes a sleeve 901. One end of a connecting rod 902 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 901. A pendulum 903 is fixedly installed on the other end of the connecting rod 902. The sleeve 901 and the escapement fork 904 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 10. The ratchet 905 and the first gear 906 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 11. A storage box 908 and a sample storage box 18 are fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1. A micro generator 907 is fixedly installed on the top of the storage box 908. A coupling 909 is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the output shaft of the micro generator 907. A third rotating shaft 910 is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the coupling 909. A second gear 911 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft 910.

[0023] In the above structure, by configuring the energy recovery component 9, when the device oscillates on the water surface due to waves, the back-and-forth impact of the waves drives the pendulum 903 in the energy recovery component 9 to swing back and forth. This causes the escape fork 904 to use the swinging pendulum 903 to drive the ratchet 905. During the swinging motion, the escape fork 904 engages with the teeth of the ratchet 905, thereby controlling the rotation of the ratchet 905. This converts the oscillating motion of the energy recovery component 9 into the intermittent rotation of the ratchet 905. When the ratchet 905 rotates, it drives the second shaft 11 to rotate, causing the first gear 906 to utilize the rotating... The second shaft 11 rotates, causing its outer edge to mesh with the outer edge of the second gear 911. This rotation of the second gear 911 drives the second gear 911 and the coupling 909 to rotate. When the coupling 909, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the output shaft of the micro generator 907, rotates, it drives the micro generator 907 to start. The micro generator 907 then transmits the power generated during startup to the battery through a rectifier and regulator installed inside the storage box 908. This avoids over-reliance on solar panel power generation and allows the equipment to continue to supply power even on cloudy or rainy days.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment: the outer wall of the connecting rod 902 is slidably fitted to the inner wall of the guide groove 8, there are two limiting posts 6, and both limiting posts 6 are set on both sides of the outer wall of the guide rod 5, and the outer wall of the pendulum 903 is slidably fitted to the outer wall of the guide rod 5.

[0025] In the above structure, by setting the pendulum 903 and the connecting rod 902, the pendulum 903 is driven by the oscillation of the water waves, causing the pendulum 903 to oscillate back and forth along the outer wall of the guide rod 5 due to the back and forth thrust of the waves. When the pendulum 903 oscillates left and right, the limiting posts 6 set on both sides of the outer wall of the guide rod 5 will limit the swing amplitude of the pendulum 903, thereby preventing the pendulum 903 from swinging too much due to the waves. At the same time, the oscillating pendulum 903 will drive the connecting rod 902 to slide back and forth along the inner wall of the guide groove 8.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment: the bottom of the escape fork 904 is interlocked with the teeth of the ratchet 905, the diameter of the first gear 906 is larger than the diameter of the second gear 911, and the outer edge of the first gear 906 is interlocked with the outer edge of the second gear 911.

[0027] In the above structure, by configuring the escape fork 904, ratchet 905, first gear 906, and second gear 911, the sleeve 901, under the left-right swinging of the connecting rod 902, drives the first rotating shaft 10 fixedly sleeved on the inner wall to rotate left and right. This causes the escape fork 904, fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 10, to swing left and right due to the left-right rotation of the first rotating shaft 10. The bottom of the swinging escape fork 904 engages with the outer edge of the ratchet 905, driving the ratchet 905 to perform intermittent motion. During this intermittent motion, the ratchet 905 drives the second rotating shaft 11 fixedly sleeved on the inner wall to rotate, causing the rotating second rotating shaft 11 to drive... The first gear 906, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall, rotates. Since the diameter of the first gear 906 is larger than that of the second gear 911, when the rotating first gear 906 meshes with the outer edge of the second gear 911, the second gear 911 will rotate twice for the first gear 906 to rotate once. This causes the rotating second gear 911 to drive the third rotating shaft 910, which is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall, to rotate. The coupling 909, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second gear 911, will also rotate synchronously. When the coupling 909, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the output shaft of the micro generator 907, drives the output shaft of the micro generator 907 to rotate, the micro generator 907 is started.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment: one end of the first water pipe 15 passes through the inner cavity of the filter cylinder 14, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the water pump 16; one end of the second water pipe 17 is connected to the outlet of the water pump 16, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the sample storage box 18.

[0029] In the above structure, by setting up the filter cylinder 14, the water pump 16 and the second water pipe 17, the water pump 16 is started, and the water pump 16 draws water from the inner cavity of the filter cylinder 14 through the first water pipe 15, and then transmits it to the inner cavity of the sample storage box 18 through the second water pipe 17 for testing.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment: the inflation assembly 12 includes a corrugated telescopic tube 121, the outer wall of the corrugated telescopic tube 121 is respectively provided with a stop valve 122 and an air pipe 123, the outer wall of the air pipe 123 is provided with a one-way valve 124, the outer wall of the box body 7 is provided with an air pipe 2 125, the inner wall of the air pipe 2 125 is fixedly installed with a cross base 126, the inner cavity of the air pipe 2 125 is respectively provided with a ball 127 and a spring 128, and the inner cavity of the guide groove 8 is provided with a corrugated telescopic tube 121;

[0031] In a preferred embodiment: the corrugated telescopic tube 121, the air stop valve 122, the first air pipe 123, and the one-way valve 124 are considered as a set of movable components, and there are two sets of such movable components, which are symmetrically arranged with the support column 4 as the center. One end of each of the two corrugated telescopic tubes 121 is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the connecting rod 902, and the other end is connected and fixed to the inner wall of the guide groove 8. One end of the first air pipe 123 is connected to the air outlet of the corrugated telescopic tube 121, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the box 7. The second air pipe 125 and the cross base 1... 26. The sphere 127, spring 128 and floating ball 13 are considered as a set of movable components, and there are three sets of such movable components, which are arranged in a circular array. One end of the three air pipes 125 is connected to the air inlet of the floating ball 13, and the other end is connected to the air outlet of the box 7. The three spheres 127 are located at the air inlet of the air pipes 125, and their diameter is larger than the opening diameter of the air pipes 125. The three springs 128 are located on one side of the spheres 127, and one end is connected to the spring 128, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the cross base 126.

[0032] In the above structure, by configuring the corrugated telescopic tube 121, the air stop valve 122, the air pipe 123, and the one-way valve 124, when the connecting rod 902 slides to the right, one of the corrugated telescopic tubes 121 in the two sets of movable components will be compressed, while the other corrugated telescopic tube 121 will extend. When the corrugated telescopic tube 121 is compressed, the air stop valve 122 on its outer wall will close; simultaneously, when the corrugated telescopic tube 121 extends, its air stop valve 122 will open to draw in air. This allows the compressed corrugated telescopic tube 121 to transfer the gas inside its cavity to the inner cavity of the housing 7 via the air pipe 123. At this point, the one-way valve 124 opens, allowing the air pipe 123 to extend. When the air inlet of 3 is opened, gas is transmitted through air pipe 123 to the inner cavity of box 7. Under a certain pressure, the gas in the inner cavity of box 7 is transmitted through three air pipes 125 to three floating balls 13. During this process, the ball 127 in the inner cavity of air pipe 125 slides into the inner cavity of air pipe 125 under the push of the gas, which causes the spring 128 to be compressed, opening the opening of air pipe 125. This allows the gas to be transmitted through air pipe 125 to the inner cavity of floating ball 13. The floating ball 13 will automatically inflate under the push and beat of the waves, thus preventing the floating ball 13 from being repeatedly squeezed and deformed due to the continuous impact of the water waves and deflation.

[0033] Working principle: First, start the water pump 16, which draws water sample from the inner cavity of the filter cylinder 14 through the first water pipe 15. The water sample is initially filtered by the filter cylinder 14 to remove larger impurities. The filtered water sample is then transferred to the inner cavity of the sample storage box 18 through the second water pipe 17, so that various indicators of the water sample can be detected and analyzed to obtain hydrological and water resource related data.

[0034] Secondly, the wave impact on the pendulum 903 in the energy recovery assembly 9 causes it to swing back and forth along the outer wall of the guide rod 5. During this process, the limiting posts 6 on both sides of the outer wall of the guide rod 5 limit the swing amplitude of the pendulum 903 to prevent it from swinging too much. At the same time, the pendulum 903 drives the connecting rod 902 to slide back and forth along the inner wall of the guide groove 8 opened on the inner wall of the base plate 1. The swing of the pendulum 903 drives the sleeve 901 through the connecting rod 902, which in turn causes the sleeve 901 and the escapement fork 904, which are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 10, to rotate. During the left and right swing of the escapement fork 904, its bottom engages with the teeth of the ratchet 905, controlling the ratchet 905 to rotate intermittently. The intermittent rotation of the ratchet 905 drives the first gear 906, which is fixedly sleeved on the second rotating shaft 11, to rotate. Since the diameter of the first gear 906 is larger than that of the second gear 911, when the first gear 906 rotates once, the second gear 911 meshes with it and rotates twice. The rotation of the second gear 911 drives the coupling 909, which is fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft 910, to rotate. This in turn drives the output shaft of the micro generator 907 to rotate, so that the micro generator 907 starts generating electricity. The power generated by the micro generator 907 is processed by the rectifier and regulator in the inner cavity of the storage box 908 and then transmitted to the battery for storage, providing stable power for the surveyor and ensuring that the equipment can continue to operate under insufficient light conditions such as rainy days.

[0035] During the above process, as the connecting rod 902 slides left and right on the inner wall of the guide groove 8, its two sets of corrugated telescopic tubes 121 alternately compress and extend. When the first corrugated telescopic tube 121 is compressed, the air check valve 122 on its outer wall closes to prevent gas backflow. When the other corrugated telescopic tube 121 extends, the air check valve 122 opens to draw in air. Under pressure, the gas in the compressed corrugated telescopic tube 121 pushes the one-way valve 124 on the outer wall of the air pipe 123 to open, allowing the gas to be transmitted through the air pipe 123. The gas is supplied to the inner cavity of the box 7. Once the gas in the inner cavity of the box 7 reaches a certain pressure, it pushes the ball 127 in the inner cavity of the second air tube 125 and compresses the elastic force of the spring 128, causing it to slide into the inner cavity of the second air tube 125, thus opening the opening of the second air tube 125. At this time, the gas is smoothly transmitted to the inner cavity of the floating ball 13 through the second air tube 125, thereby realizing the automatic inflation of the floating ball 13 under the push and beat of the waves. This effectively avoids the air leakage caused by the continuous impact of the waves and the compression deformation of the floating ball 13, ensuring the floating stability of the surveyor.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: A cylindrical body (2) is provided on the top of the base plate (1), and a top cover (3) is provided on the top of the cylindrical body (2). A support column (4) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the base plate (1), and a guide rod (5) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support column (4). A limit post (6) is provided on the outer wall of the guide rod (5). A box body (7) is fixedly installed on the top of the support column (4). A guide groove (8) is provided on the inner wall of the base plate (1). An energy recovery component (9) and an air filling component (12) are respectively provided in the inner cavity of the cylindrical body (2). A first rotating shaft (10) and a second rotating shaft (11) are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support column (4). A floating ball (13) is provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical body (2). A filter cylinder (14) is provided at the bottom of the base plate (1). A first water pipe (15) is provided in the inner cavity of the filter cylinder (14). A water pump (16) is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (1). The outer wall of the water pump (16) is... A water pipe is provided (17). The energy recovery component (9) includes a sleeve (901). One end of a connecting rod (902) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve (901). A pendulum (903) is fixedly installed on the other end of the connecting rod (902). The sleeve (901) and the escapement fork (904) are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (10). The ratchet (905) and the first gear (906) are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (11). A storage box (908) and a sample storage box (18) are fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (1). A micro generator (907) is fixedly installed on the top of the storage box (908). A coupling (909) is fixedly sleeved on the outer edge of the output shaft of the micro generator (907). A third rotating shaft (910) is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the coupling (909). A second gear (911) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft (910).

2. The floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the connecting rod (902) is slidably fitted to the inner wall of the guide groove (8). There are two limiting posts (6), and both limiting posts (6) are set on both sides of the outer wall of the guide rod (5). The outer wall of the pendulum (903) is slidably fitted to the outer wall of the guide rod (5).

3. The floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the escape fork (904) is interlocked with the teeth of the ratchet (905). The diameter of the first gear (906) is larger than the diameter of the second gear (911). The outer edge of the first gear (906) is interlocked with the outer edge of the second gear (911).

4. A floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first water pipe (15) is inserted into the inner cavity of the filter cylinder (14), and the other end is connected to the inlet of the water pump (16). One end of the second water pipe (17) is connected to the outlet of the water pump (16), and the other end is connected to the inlet of the sample storage box (18).

5. A floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflation assembly (12) includes a corrugated telescopic tube (121). The outer wall of the corrugated telescopic tube (121) is provided with a stop valve (122) and an air pipe (123). The outer wall of the air pipe (123) is provided with a one-way valve (124). The outer wall of the box (7) is provided with an air pipe (125). The inner wall of the air pipe (125) is fixedly installed with a cross base (126). The inner cavity of the air pipe (125) is provided with a ball (127) and a spring (128). The inner cavity of the guide groove (8) is provided with a corrugated telescopic tube (121).

6. A floating hydrological and water resources surveying instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The corrugated telescopic tube (121), the air stop valve (122), the first air pipe (123), and the one-way valve (124) are considered as a set of movable components, and there are two sets of such movable components, which are symmetrically arranged with the support column (4) as the center. One end of each of the two corrugated telescopic tubes (121) is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the connecting rod (902), and the other end is connected and fixed to the inner wall of the guide groove (8). One end of the first air pipe (123) is connected to the air outlet of the corrugated telescopic tube (121), and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the box (7). The second air pipe (125), the cross base (126), and the sphere (127), spring (128) and floating ball (13) are considered as a set of movable components, and there are three sets of movable components, which are arranged in a circular array. One end of the three air pipes (125) is connected to the air inlet of the floating ball (13), and the other end is connected to the air outlet of the box (7). The three balls (127) are located at the air inlet of the air pipe (125), and their diameter is larger than the opening diameter of the air pipe (125). The three springs (128) are located on one side of the balls (127), and one end is connected to the spring (128), and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the cross base (126).

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