Penetration type preheating device
By setting exhaust ports and ramps at the bottom of the preheating channel in electric arc furnace steelmaking, airflow penetration preheating is achieved, solving the problem of low efficiency in traditional preheating and improving the preheating effect and steelmaking efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGYE-CHANGTIAN INT ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
In the traditional electric arc furnace steelmaking preheating process, the preheating heat exchange efficiency of flue gas is low, the preheating effect is not ideal, resulting in a low temperature at the center of the furnace charge, which affects the steelmaking efficiency and quality, and there is also the problem of uneven preheating.
An exhaust port is set at the bottom of the preheating channel and covered with a plate. The airflow passes through the material and comes into full contact with it for heat exchange. The size and shape of the ventilation holes are adjusted by combining various material baffle structures to achieve penetrating preheating.
It improved the preheating effect, reduced power consumption, ensured uniform melting of the furnace charge in the molten pool, and improved steelmaking efficiency and quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN224246771U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a preheating device, specifically a through-type preheating device, belonging to the field of electric furnace steelmaking technology. Background Technology
[0002] Electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking is a highly efficient and energy-saving steelmaking process. Compared with the blast furnace-converter method, EAF steelmaking requires less infrastructure investment. At the same time, the development of direct reduction has provided metallized pellets for EAFs to replace most of the scrap steel, which has greatly promoted EAF steelmaking.
[0003] In the traditional electric arc furnace steelmaking process, since the furnace charge enters the high-temperature molten pool directly, a large amount of electrical energy is required to heat the furnace charge to a molten state. Therefore, preheating the furnace charge and increasing the initial temperature of the furnace charge are often used to reduce the electrical energy consumption in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process.
[0004] However, current preheating processes typically use flue gas to heat the furnace charge. But because the flue gas generally only flows over the surface of the charge, heat exchange efficiency is low, resulting in unsatisfactory preheating. The charge is often only preheated on the surface, while the temperature of the central charge remains low. Even after the charge enters the molten pool, a large amount of electrical energy is still required for heating, thus limiting the improvement of energy efficiency. Furthermore, traditional preheating methods also suffer from uneven preheating, causing inconsistent melting rates of the charge in the molten pool, affecting steelmaking efficiency and quality.
[0005] If sufficient heating of the furnace charge can be achieved during the horizontal continuous feeding process, such as by employing through-feed preheating technology, this will have a significant impact on energy saving and consumption reduction in electric arc furnaces. Therefore, developing a through-feed preheating device that can penetrate the furnace charge for preheating, improve preheating efficiency, and reduce energy consumption is particularly important. Utility Model Content
[0006] To address the problems of low heat exchange efficiency and unsatisfactory preheating effect in existing technologies, which limit the improvement of energy-saving effects, this utility model proposes a penetrating preheating device. A ramp is set at the bottom of the preheating channel and an exhaust port is opened, so that the airflow during the preheating process can pass through the material, and the material can fully contact the hot airflow. The gas after being fully preheated is discharged from the exhaust port under the ramp, thus realizing penetrating preheating.
[0007] According to an embodiment of this utility model, a penetrating preheating device is provided.
[0008] A through-type preheating device includes a preheating channel and a mounting plate. An inlet and an outlet are respectively provided at both axial ends of the preheating channel, and an exhaust port is provided on the bottom wall of the preheating channel. The mounting plate covers the exhaust port, with one end of the mounting plate facing the inlet in contact with the bottom wall of the preheating channel, and the other end of the mounting plate facing the outlet having a vertical opening between it and the bottom wall of the preheating channel, communicating with the exhaust port. The other two ends of the mounting plate are respectively connected to the two side walls of the preheating channel in the width direction.
[0009] Preferably, multiple exhaust ports are provided on the bottom wall of the preheating channel along the direction from the inlet to the outlet, and each exhaust port is covered with the aforementioned plate. Preferably, the number of exhaust ports is 2 to 100.
[0010] Preferably, the device further includes a baffle. The baffle is located at the vertical opening, and the vertical opening has ventilation holes or the baffle has ventilation holes.
[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the baffle is connected to the ramp, and the lower end of the baffle is connected to the bottom wall of the preheating channel. Ventilation holes are provided on the baffle. The baffle includes multiple ventilation plates, which are arranged sequentially at intervals and / or staggered along the width direction. That is, a longitudinal gap is reserved between any two adjacent ventilation plates in the width direction and / or a transverse gap is reserved in the axial direction to form the ventilation holes.
[0012] Preferably, the ventilation plate is any one of a straight plate or a folded plate. More preferably, the folded plate is any one of a V-shaped plate, an arc-shaped plate, or an L-shaped plate.
[0013] Preferably, the ventilation plate is a V-shaped plate, with the opening of the V-shaped plate facing the axial direction. Preferably, multiple rows of V-shaped plates are arranged in the axial direction to form the baffle. Any two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates are staggered. Preferably, the multiple rows are 2 to 5 rows. Preferably, the openings of any two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates face opposite directions.
[0014] Preferably, the V-shaped plate comprises two single plates connected at their ends, and the V-shaped plate can rotate around the connection point of the two single plates.
[0015] Preferably, the baffle is a perforated plate with multiple ventilation holes evenly distributed on it. Preferably, the diameter of the ventilation holes is 1-5 mm, more preferably 2-4 mm.
[0016] Preferably, the baffle is a louvered ventilation plate. Preferably, the blades are oriented horizontally or vertically.
[0017] Preferably, the baffle is a plate-shaped structure arranged horizontally at the lower part of the vertical opening, and a ventilation hole is provided between the upper end of the baffle and the lower wall of the mounting plate.
[0018] Preferably, the inclination angle of the ramp is 5~45°, more preferably 10~30°.
[0019] Preferably, the surfaces of the jack and the ventilation jack are both coated with a heat-resistant and wear-resistant coating.
[0020] In this invention, an exhaust port and a ramp are provided at the bottom of the preheating channel, allowing the preheating gas to not only flow on the surface of the material but also pass through the material layer and exit through the exhaust port. During this process, the gas fully contacts and exchanges heat with the material, achieving through-heating. Furthermore, as the material moves from the inlet to the outlet, the ramp is inclined relative to the bottom wall of the preheating channel to prevent material from clogging the exhaust port. The ramp's inclination relative to the bottom wall of the preheating channel can be either a horizontal bottom wall with the ramp inclined upwards, or a downward inclined bottom wall with the ramp horizontal.
[0021] In this invention, the width direction of the preheating channel refers to another horizontal direction perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the preheating channel. Figure 2 For example, the direction is perpendicular to the paper.
[0022] In this invention, multiple exhaust ports and corresponding access plates can be provided at the bottom of the preheating channel to further increase the flow rate of preheated gas penetrating the material and exiting from the exhaust ports, increase the contact area between the material and the hot airflow, and improve the preheating effect. Furthermore, a baffle is provided below the access plate to prevent the access plate from deforming and blocking the exhaust ports due to excessive material weight. At the same time, the partially shaped baffle can also provide support for the access plate.
[0023] In this invention, the material-blocking part includes multiple ventilation plates, with ventilation holes provided between adjacent ventilation plates. Preferably, the ventilation plates can be straight plates or folded plates, more preferably V-shaped plates. Compared to straight plates, V-shaped plates have a better material-blocking effect and can better support the mounting plate. Furthermore, the openings of any two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates are set to face opposite directions, allowing airflow to pass between the two V-shaped plates. Preferably, multiple rows of V-shaped plates can be arranged under the same mounting plate to enhance the material-blocking effect. Further, a rotating shaft is provided at the connection point of two single plates, and the V-shaped plates are fitted around the rotating shaft, allowing the V-shaped plates to rotate around the connection point of the two single plates. This allows the size of the ventilation holes to be adjusted according to actual needs, ensuring preheating efficiency, adapting to the preheating requirements of different materials, achieving deep preheating, significantly improving the preheating effect, and reducing energy consumption.
[0024] In this utility model, the baffle can also be a perforated plate or a louvered ventilation plate (such as...). Figure 7 ) and horizontally arranged plate-like structures (such as Figure 8 ), and any other structure that can serve as a material stopper.
[0025] In this invention, both the siding and the ventilation panel are coated with a heat-resistant and wear-resistant coating, which can improve their service life and durability.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0027] 1. The present invention provides a penetrating preheating device, which has an exhaust port and a ramp at the bottom of the preheating channel, so that the preheating gas not only flows on the surface of the material, but also passes through the material layer and is discharged from the exhaust port. In this process, the gas fully contacts and exchanges heat with the material, thus realizing penetrating preheating.
[0028] 2. The present invention provides a penetrating preheating device with a variety of material baffle structures, so that the size and shape of the ventilation holes can be adjusted according to actual needs to ensure preheating efficiency, adapt to the preheating requirements of different materials, achieve deep preheating, significantly improve the preheating effect, and reduce power consumption. Attached Figure Description
[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a penetrating preheating device provided by this utility model.
[0030] Figure 2 A B-direction view of a penetrating preheating device provided by this utility model.
[0031] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction of the first structure of a penetrating preheating device provided by this utility model.
[0032] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction of a second structure of a penetrating preheating device provided by this utility model.
[0033] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction of a third structure of a penetrating preheating device provided by this utility model.
[0034] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction of a fourth structure of a penetrating preheating device provided by this utility model.
[0035] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction of the fifth structure of the penetrating preheating device provided by this utility model.
[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transverse preheating device provided by this utility model, in which the baffle is arranged horizontally.
[0037] Reference numerals: 1: Preheating channel; 2: Platform; 3: Material stop; 301: Ventilation plate; 4: Ventilation hole. Detailed Implementation
[0038] The technical solution of this utility model is illustrated below. The scope of protection of this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the following embodiments.
[0039] According to an embodiment of this utility model, a penetrating preheating device is provided.
[0040] A through-type preheating device includes a preheating channel 1 and a mounting plate 2. An inlet and an outlet are respectively provided at both axial ends of the preheating channel 1, and an exhaust port is provided on the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1. The mounting plate 2 is positioned above the exhaust port, with one end of the mounting plate 2 facing the inlet in contact with the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1, and a vertical passage connecting the mounting plate 2 to the exhaust port being reserved between the end of the mounting plate 2 facing the outlet and the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1. The other two ends of the mounting plate 2 are respectively connected to the two side walls of the preheating channel 1 in the width direction.
[0041] Preferably, a plurality of exhaust ports are provided on the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1 along the direction from the inlet to the outlet, and each exhaust port is covered with the aforementioned plate 2. Preferably, the number of exhaust ports is 2 to 100.
[0042] Preferably, the device further includes a baffle 3. The baffle 3 is located at the vertical opening, and a ventilation hole 4 is provided at the vertical opening or a ventilation hole 4 is provided on the baffle 3.
[0043] Preferably, the upper end of the baffle part 3 is connected to the ramp 2, and the lower end of the baffle part 3 is connected to the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1. The baffle part 3 is provided with ventilation holes 4. The baffle part 3 includes multiple ventilation plates 301, which are arranged sequentially at intervals and / or staggered along the width direction. That is, any two adjacent ventilation plates 301 are provided with a longitudinal gap in the width direction and / or a transverse gap in the axial direction to form the ventilation holes 4.
[0044] Preferably, the ventilation plate 301 is any one of a straight plate or a folded plate. More preferably, the folded plate is any one of a V-shaped plate, an arc-shaped plate, or an L-shaped plate.
[0045] Preferably, the ventilation plate 301 is a V-shaped plate, with the opening of the V-shaped plate facing the axial direction. Preferably, multiple rows of V-shaped plates are arranged in the axial direction to form the baffle part 3. Any two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates are staggered. Preferably, there are 2 to 5 rows. Preferably, the openings of any two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates face opposite directions.
[0046] Preferably, the V-shaped plate comprises two single plates connected at their ends, and the V-shaped plate can rotate around the connection point of the two single plates.
[0047] Preferably, the baffle portion 3 is a perforated plate, with multiple ventilation holes 4 evenly distributed on the baffle portion 3. Preferably, the diameter of the ventilation holes 4 is 1~5mm, more preferably 2~4mm.
[0048] Preferably, the baffle 3 is a louvered ventilation plate. Preferably, the direction of the blades is horizontal or vertical.
[0049] Preferably, the baffle 3 is a plate-shaped structure arranged horizontally at the lower part of the vertical opening, and a ventilation hole 4 is provided between the upper end of the baffle 3 and the lower wall of the mounting plate 2.
[0050] Preferably, the inclination angle of the ramp 2 is 5~45°, and more preferably 10~30°.
[0051] Preferably, the surfaces of the mounting plate 2 and the ventilation plate 301 are both provided with a heat-resistant and wear-resistant coating. Example 1
[0052] A through-type preheating device includes a preheating channel 1 and a mounting plate 2. An inlet and an outlet are respectively provided at both axial ends of the preheating channel 1, and an exhaust port is provided on the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1. The mounting plate 2 is positioned above the exhaust port, with one end of the mounting plate 2 facing the inlet in contact with the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1, and a vertical passage connecting the mounting plate 2 to the exhaust port being reserved between the end of the mounting plate 2 facing the outlet and the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1. The other two ends of the mounting plate 2 are respectively connected to the two side walls of the preheating channel 1 in the width direction. Example 2
[0053] Repeat Example 1, except that along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, five exhaust ports are provided on the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1, and each exhaust port is covered with the aforementioned plate 2. Example 3
[0054] The same method as Embodiment 2 is used, except that the device also includes a baffle 3. The baffle 3 is located at the vertical opening and has ventilation holes 4. Example 4
[0055] The same method as Embodiment 2 is used, except that the device also includes a baffle 3. The baffle 3 is located at the vertical opening, where a ventilation hole 4 is provided. Example 5
[0056] The embodiment 3 is repeated, except that the upper end of the baffle part 3 is connected to the ramp 2, and the lower end of the baffle part 3 is connected to the bottom wall of the preheating channel 1. The baffle part 3 is provided with ventilation holes 4. The baffle part 3 includes 10 ventilation plates 301, which are arranged at intervals along the width direction. That is, a longitudinal gap is reserved between any two adjacent ventilation plates 301 in the width direction to form the ventilation holes 4. Example 6
[0057] Repeat Example 5, except that the ventilation plate 301 is a straight plate. Example 7
[0058] Example 5 is repeated, except that the ventilation plate 301 is a V-shaped plate with the opening facing the axial direction. Two rows of V-shaped plates are arranged in the axial direction to form the baffle part 3. Any two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates are staggered. The openings of two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates face opposite directions. Example 8
[0059] Repeat Example 7, except that the V-shaped plate includes two single plates connected at their ends, and the V-shaped plate can rotate around the connection point of the two single plates. Example 9
[0060] Example 3 is repeated, except that the baffle part 3 is a perforated plate with 30 ventilation holes 4 evenly distributed on the baffle part 3. The diameter of the ventilation holes 4 is 3 mm. Example 10
[0061] Example 3 is repeated, except that the baffle 3 is a louvered ventilation plate. The blades are oriented vertically. Example 11
[0062] The embodiment 4 is repeated, except that the baffle part 3 is a plate-shaped structure that is horizontally arranged at the lower part of the vertical opening, and a ventilation hole 4 is left between the upper end of the baffle part 3 and the lower wall of the mounting plate 2. Example 12
[0063] Example 8 is repeated, except that the inclination angle of the mounting plate 2 is 15°. Both the mounting plate 2 and the ventilation plate 301 have a heat-resistant and wear-resistant coating on their surfaces.
[0064] The process of preheating the furnace charge using a penetrating preheating device in Embodiment 12 of this utility model is as follows: the furnace charge is fed into the preheating channel 1 from the feed port, and high-temperature gas is simultaneously introduced into the preheating channel. After the high-temperature gas heats the furnace charge in the preheating channel 1, it is discharged from the exhaust port under the plate 2 through the ventilation hole 4. The heated furnace charge is discharged from the discharge port.
Claims
1. A penetrating preheating device, characterized in that: The device includes a preheating channel (1) and a mounting plate (2); a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the axial direction of the preheating channel (1), and an exhaust outlet is provided on the bottom wall of the preheating channel (1); the mounting plate (2) is covered above the exhaust outlet, and one end of the mounting plate (2) facing the feed inlet is in contact with the bottom wall of the preheating channel (1), and a vertical passage connected to the exhaust outlet is reserved between the end of the mounting plate (2) facing the discharge outlet and the bottom wall of the preheating channel (1), and the other two ends of the mounting plate (2) are respectively connected to the two side walls of the preheating channel (1) in the width direction.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, a plurality of exhaust ports are provided on the bottom wall of the preheating channel (1), and each exhaust port is covered with the aforementioned plate (2); preferably, the number of exhaust ports is 2 to 100.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The device also includes a baffle (3); the baffle (3) is located at the vertical opening, and a ventilation hole (4) is provided at the vertical opening or a ventilation hole (4) is provided on the baffle (3).
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the baffle (3) is connected to the ramp (2), and the lower end of the baffle (3) is connected to the bottom wall of the preheating channel (1). A ventilation hole (4) is provided on the baffle (3). The baffle (3) includes multiple ventilation plates (301). The multiple ventilation plates (301) are arranged in a staggered and intermittent manner along the width direction. That is, a longitudinal gap is reserved between any two adjacent ventilation plates (301) in the width direction and / or a transverse gap is reserved in the axial direction to form the ventilation hole (4).
5. The apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The ventilation panel (301) is any one of a straight panel or a folded panel; preferably, the folded panel is any one of a V-shaped panel, an arc panel, or an L-shaped panel.
6. The apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The ventilation plate (301) is a V-shaped plate with the opening of the V-shaped plate facing the axial direction; preferably, multiple rows of V-shaped plates are arranged in the axial direction to form the baffle (3); any two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates are staggered; preferably, the multiple rows are 2 to 5 rows; preferably, any two adjacent rows of V-shaped plates have their openings facing opposite directions.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The V-shaped plate comprises two single plates connected at their ends, and the V-shaped plate can rotate around the connection point of the two single plates.
8. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle (3) is a perforated plate with multiple ventilation holes (4) evenly distributed on it; preferably, the diameter of the ventilation holes (4) is 1~5mm, more preferably 2~4mm; or The baffle (3) is a louvered ventilation plate; preferably, the direction of the blades is horizontal or vertical.
9. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle (3) is a plate-shaped structure that is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the vertical opening. A ventilation hole (4) is left between the upper end of the baffle (3) and the lower wall of the slab (2).
10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 3-9, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the ramp (2) is 5~45°, preferably 10~30°; and / or The surfaces of the mounting plate (2) and the ventilation plate (301) are both coated with heat-resistant and wear-resistant coatings.