Pneumatic and mechanical linkage multifunctional rapid clamping device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of clamps, in particular to a pneumatic and mechanical linkage multifunctional rapid clamping device which comprises a base, a driving mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the base, the output end of the driving mechanism is connected with a clamping block making contact with a workpiece, and the clamping block is connected with the base in a sliding mode. The clamping block comprises a shell, and a plurality of independent contact units are arranged in the shell; each contact unit comprises a clamping head in sliding fit with the cavity of the shell, a guide rod fixed in the cavity, a first spring sleeving the guide rod, and a second spring connecting the clamping head and the inner wall of the cavity; the clamping head sleeves the guide rod in a sliding manner; when the clamping head makes contact with a workpiece, all the contact units are independently compressed and deformed to adapt to the contour of the workpiece, and the rigid contact mode of a traditional clamping device is thoroughly changed through the independent cavities and the sliding contact sets arranged on the end faces of the clamping blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of clamping technology, and more specifically, to a multifunctional quick clamping device that combines pneumatic and mechanical linkage. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, pneumatic or mechanical clamping devices are widely used for the positioning and fixing of workpieces.

[0003] However, traditional clamping structures generally employ rigid contact, which can damage the workpiece surface. The clamping heads typically use hard materials to directly press against the workpiece surface, generating concentrated stress during clamping. This hard contact mode poses a significant threat to workpiece surface quality, especially when clamping precision-machined or coated parts, easily causing scratches, indentations, or even plastic deformation, leading to increased scrap rates. Furthermore, under the high-frequency clamping conditions of automated production lines, rigid impacts accelerate clamping head wear and reduce equipment lifespan; for irregularly shaped or curved workpieces, hard contact can cause insufficient contact, leading to localized stress overload and structural damage.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-functional rapid clamping device that combines pneumatic and mechanical linkages to improve the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional rapid clamping device that combines pneumatic and mechanical linkages. By using several independent cavities and sliding contact groups on the end face of the clamping block, it completely changes the rigid contact mode of traditional clamping devices, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] Traditional clamping structures generally use rigid contact, which can damage the workpiece surface. Their clamping heads usually use hard materials to directly press against the workpiece surface, which can easily cause scratches, indentations, or even plastic deformation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a multi-functional quick clamping device that combines pneumatic and mechanical linkage, including a base, a driving mechanism on the upper surface of the base, and a clamping block that contacts the workpiece connected to the output end of the driving mechanism, wherein the clamping block is slidably connected to the base.

[0008] The clamping block includes a housing, within which are provided several independent contact units;

[0009] Each contact unit includes a clamping head that slides into the cavity of the housing, a guide rod fixed inside the cavity, the clamping head being slidably sleeved on the guide rod, a first spring sleeved on the guide rod, and a second spring connecting the clamping head and the inner wall of the cavity;

[0010] When the clamping head contacts the workpiece, each contact unit independently compresses and deforms to adapt to the workpiece contour.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the pneumatic drive mechanism pushes the clamping block to slide, causing multiple independent contact units on the housing to simultaneously contact the workpiece surface. Each clamping head slides independently along the guide rod after being compressed by the workpiece contour: the first spring provides vertical buffering, absorbing normal impact; the second spring pulls the clamping head for lateral fine-tuning, compensating for uneven loads on the curved surface. The dual springs work together to achieve dynamic contact, converting concentrated loads into uniform pressure, thus completing non-destructive clamping.

[0012] Based on this, the pneumatic push rod drives the clamping block to slide along the base through the transmission group, so that the evenly distributed contact units on the shell contact surface synchronously approach the workpiece; the lateral displacement of the clamping head caused by the irregular curved surface pulls the second spring with a smaller elastic coefficient, forming tangential flexible compensation. At this time, the first spring bears more than 70% of the load, and the second spring resolves the local stress concentration, forming a two-stage buffer; when all clamping heads dynamically conform to the contour of the workpiece, the pre-compressed first spring continuously outputs a stable normal clamping force, and the second spring suppresses vibration displacement.

[0013] In another technical solution, the upper surface of the base is provided with a sliding groove for the clamping block to slide, and the driving mechanism includes a pneumatic push rod, the movable end of which is connected to the clamping block through a transmission assembly.

[0014] In this technical solution, after the pneumatic push rod is activated, its movable end extends linearly along the axis and transmits the thrust to the clamping block through a rigid transmission assembly. The slider at the bottom of the clamping block is embedded in the base groove and moves precisely along the path defined by the groove under the pneumatic thrust, eliminating radial displacement deviation. When the clamping block contacts the workpiece, the rigid guiding constraint of the groove ensures that all contact units are pressed vertically against the workpiece surface, avoiding oblique impact. The reaction force of the workpiece is fed back to the transmission assembly through the clamping block, and the clamping force is finally monitored in real time by the back pressure sensor of the pneumatic push rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This multi-functional rapid clamping device, which combines pneumatic and mechanical linkages, completely changes the rigid contact mode of traditional clamping devices by using several independent cavities and sliding contact groups set on the end face of the clamping blocks. Each clamping head can slide independently when contacting the workpiece. Spring 1 on the guide rod provides elastic buffer perpendicular to the workpiece surface, which significantly reduces impact stress and avoids scratches on the surface of precision workpieces or deformation of thin-walled parts. At the same time, spring 2 pulls the clamping head laterally to compensate for lateral load force and prevents micro-displacement caused by uneven force when clamping irregular parts. The rectangular array formed by multiple clamping heads can dynamically conform to irregular curved surfaces, so that the clamping force is transformed from point contact to surface distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism structure in an embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping block structure in an embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the contact group structure in an embodiment.

[0021] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0022] 100. Base; 110. Slide groove;

[0023] 200. Drive mechanism; 210. Pneumatic push rod; 220. Transmission assembly;

[0024] 300, clamping block; 310, housing; 320, cavity; 330, contact unit; 331, clamping head; 332, guide rod; 333, first spring; 334, second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Traditional clamping structures generally employ rigid contact, which can damage the workpiece surface. The clamping head 331 typically uses a hard material to directly press against the workpiece surface, easily causing scratches, indentations, or even plastic deformation. (Please refer to...) Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-functional quick clamping device that combines pneumatic and mechanical linkage, including a base 100, a drive mechanism 200 on the upper surface of the base 100, and a clamping block 300 that contacts the workpiece connected to the output end of the drive mechanism 200. The clamping block 300 is slidably connected to the base 100.

[0027] The clamping block 300 includes a housing 310, which has a plurality of independent contact units 330 inside.

[0028] Each contact unit 330 includes a clamping head 331 that slides with the cavity 320 of the housing 310, a guide rod 332 fixed in the cavity 320, the clamping head 331 being slidably sleeved on the guide rod 332, a first spring 333 sleeved on the guide rod 332, and a second spring 334 connecting the clamping head 331 and the inner wall of the cavity 320.

[0029] When the clamping head 331 contacts the workpiece, each contact unit 330 independently compresses and deforms to adapt to the workpiece contour.

[0030] During implementation, when the pneumatic push rod 210 drives the clamping block 300 to translate along the slide groove 110 of the base 100 via the transmission group 220, multiple contact units 330 on the end face of the housing 310 of the clamping block 300 synchronously approach the workpiece. In the initial contact stage, each clamping head 331 slides independently under the pressure of the workpiece surface contour. The clamping head 331 compresses the first spring 333 axially along the guide rod 332 to achieve elastic buffering perpendicular to the workpiece surface and absorb local impact stress. At the same time, the lateral displacement of the clamping head 331 pulls the second spring 334, generating a restoring force parallel to the workpiece surface to correct the tilting trend caused by the off-center load. The synergistic effect of the two springs makes all the clamping heads 331 dynamically conform to the irregular curved surface, converting the concentrated load into a uniform pressure. After the workpiece is fixed, the first spring 333 maintains the normal clamping force, and the second spring 334 suppresses vibration displacement. When the pneumatic thrust is removed, the two springs drive the clamping head 331 to accurately reset, completing a non-destructive and rapid release.

[0031] See Figure 2 As shown, the pneumatic push rod 210 extends its movable end in a linear drive manner, and the thrust is converted into the precise sliding of the clamping block 300 along the base 100 through the rigid transmission group 220, which pushes the contact unit 330 to press against the workpiece as a whole; when the pressure is released, the pneumatic push rod 210 retracts, and the clamping block 300 is pulled back to reset through the transmission group 220, so as to achieve rapid clamping and release.

[0032] Figure 3 In this process, the pneumatic push rod 210 drives the clamping block 300 to slide via the transmission assembly 220, causing multiple contact units 330, evenly distributed on the contact surface of the housing 310, to simultaneously press against the workpiece. Each clamping head 331, after receiving the contour reaction force, slides axially along the guide rod 332, which is parallel to the direction of the applied force: the first spring 333 compresses to buffer the normal impact, and the second spring 334 stretches to dissipate the lateral component force. The parallel arrangement of the guide rods 332 ensures that the driving force is vertically converted into effective clamping force, and the evenly distributed units homogenize the load across the entire range, completely eliminating hard contact damage.

[0033] See Figure 4 As shown, when the clamping head 331 contacts the workpiece, the second spring 334, with a smaller elastic coefficient, preferentially undergoes elastic deformation to mitigate the lateral load caused by the curved surface profile. As the pressure increases, the pre-compressed first spring 333 is axially compressed, providing the main normal buffer force, forming a two-stage buffer system that is first laterally compliant and then normally stiffened. The pre-compression design allows the clamping head 331 to maintain its maximum extension when no pressure is applied, achieving zero-travel contact. When releasing the workpiece, the pre-stored energy of the first spring 333 drives the clamping head 331 to automatically spring back to its initial position, and the second spring 334 synchronously returns to its original position to correct the tilt.

[0034] In this embodiment, a multi-functional rapid clamping device combining pneumatic and mechanical linkages is used by first activating the pneumatic push rod 210. Its movable end drives the clamping block 300 to slide linearly along the slide groove 110 of the base 100 via the rigid transmission assembly 220, causing multiple contact units 330 evenly distributed on the contact surface of the housing 310 to simultaneously approach the workpiece surface. The pre-compressed first spring 333 forces each clamping head 331 to extend outward from the housing 310 under normal conditions, achieving zero-travel contact. The reaction force of the workpiece contour pushes the clamping head 331 to slide axially along the guide rod 332, which is strictly parallel to the direction of the applied force. At this time, the guide rod 332 constrains the sliding path, ensuring that the driving force is vertically converted into an effective clamping force.

[0035] At the moment of contact, the second spring 334, with its smaller elastic coefficient, preferentially undergoes elastic deformation, pulling the clamping head 331 to make slight lateral adjustments to conform to the curved surface contour and alleviate the eccentric stress on the irregularly shaped workpiece. As the pressure increases, the first spring 333 is compressed to form the main buffer layer, constituting a two-stage buffer system that first provides lateral compliance and then normal rigidity. The independent deformation of each contact unit 330 causes the clamping head 331 array to dynamically distribute the concentrated load. After the workpiece is fixed, the two springs work together to maintain a stable clamping force. When the pneumatic push rod 210 retracts, the pre-compression energy of the first spring 333 drives the clamping head 331 to automatically spring back to its initial position, and the second spring 334 simultaneously resets and corrects the tilt, completing a non-destructive and rapid release.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-functional rapid clamping device combining pneumatic and mechanical linkage, comprising a base (100), characterized in that: The upper surface of the base (100) is provided with a driving mechanism (200), and the output end of the driving mechanism (200) is connected to a clamping block (300) that contacts the workpiece. The clamping block (300) is slidably connected to the base (100). The clamping block (300) includes a housing (310) with a plurality of independent contact units (330) inside the housing (310); Each contact unit (330) includes a clamping head (331) that slides into the cavity (320) of the housing (310), a guide rod (332) fixed inside the cavity (320), the clamping head (331) being slidably sleeved on the guide rod (332), a first spring (333) sleeved on the guide rod (332), and a second spring (334) connecting the clamping head (331) and the inner wall of the cavity (320); When the clamping head (331) contacts the workpiece, each contact unit (330) independently compresses and deforms to adapt to the workpiece contour.

2. The multi-functional rapid clamping device with pneumatic and mechanical linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the base (100) is provided with a sliding groove (110) for the clamping block (300) to slide.

3. The multi-functional rapid clamping device with pneumatic and mechanical linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (200) includes a pneumatic push rod (210), the movable end of which is connected to the clamping block (300) via a transmission assembly (220).

4. The multi-functional rapid clamping device with pneumatic and mechanical linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact units (330) are evenly distributed on the contact surface of the housing (310).

5. The multi-functional rapid clamping device with pneumatic and mechanical linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial direction of the guide rod (332) is parallel to the force direction of the clamping head (331).

6. The multi-functional rapid clamping device with pneumatic and mechanical linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic coefficient of the second spring (334) is smaller than that of the first spring (333), forming a two-stage buffer system.

7. The multi-functional rapid clamping device with pneumatic and mechanical linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spring (333) is a pre-compressed spring, which normally forces the clamping head (331) to extend outward from the housing (310).

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